1、.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1Scientists have made a major breakthrough(突破) in the treatment of cancer.2If you are not sure about the information you find，consult other web pages to confirm(确认) it.3According to the survey conducted(实施)by this university，only 18% are for the idea.4We have a tight schedule
2、for your brief visit.I hope you dont mind.5The majority of students were in favour of the suggestion that they(should)go out for a picnic the next Sunday.6Having taken the matter into consideration many times，we decided not to buy such an expensive car.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1profession n职业，行业professi
3、onal adj.职业的，专业的2origin n起源；来源；起因original adj.原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的3judge v评价；判断 n法官judgement n判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决4summary n总结；概括，概要summarize vt.概括；总结.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1turn out证明是；结果是；生产2be/get burnt out 耗尽体力，累垮3follow in ones footsteps效仿某人4figure out 想出；理解；弄清楚；计算出5take.into consideration认真考虑6in summary 总的来说
4、，概括起来.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空。1Dont work so hard，or you will get burnt out2She works in education，following in her fathers footsteps3Taking everything into consideration，the event was a great success.4New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.1He is always
5、working in his lab，trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.他总是在实验室里工作，想要弄明白困惑他的所有奥秘。记句式结构be always doing sth.“总是做某事”，常表达说话人的某种情绪，如赞扬、不满、责备等。仿写促落实The boy is always giving me a hand whenever I am in trouble.每当我有困难，这个男孩总是出手相助。2He must have been working too hard to notice!他当时肯定是工作太努
6、力而没有注意到！记句式结构too.to.“太而不能”。仿写促落实The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control自行车似乎太沉而且难以控制。3The boy was more frightened than hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。记句式结构more.than.“与其说倒不如说”。仿写促落实The boy is more diligent than clever与其说这个男孩聪明倒不如说他勤奋。 turn out结果是；证明是；原来是；出席；在场；生产(教材P46)It could turn out to be a mon
7、ster!结果它可能会成为一个怪物！写出下列句中turn out的含义The work turned out (to be)more difficult than we thought.结果是All of the students turned out to watch the sports meet.到场The factory turns out 900 cars a week.生产turn in上交；交还；退还turn on 打开；扭开turn off 截断；关掉turn up 来到；露面；开大，调高turn down 拒绝；调小turn to 向求助；转向；翻到(书中的某页)turn o
8、ver 翻身；翻转You must turn in your uniform before you leave the army.退伍时应将制服上交。We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7：30，but he failed to turn up我们约定7点30分在电影院见面，但他没来。We chatted about everything and then Ben turned to me.我们聊了很多，然后Ben转向我。This morning, my grandmother turned on the radio to listen to news a
9、s usual.She felt she could not hear clearly, so she turned it upBut it was no use.She had to turn to my father for help.I saw my father turn off the radio and turn it over to see what was wrong.It turned out that the button didnt work any more.My father repaired it and told my grandmother to turn do
10、wn the radio, for the neighbors little baby was asleep at the time.今天早上，祖母像往常一样打开收音机听新闻。她感觉听不清楚，便把声音调大，但是没起作用，她只得求助于我父亲。我看到父亲关掉了收音机并翻过来看哪里出了问题，原来是旋钮出故障了。我父亲修好旋钮后让祖母把声音调小，因为这个时候邻家的小孩子在睡觉。 judgement n判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决(教材P49)I think we should be cautious and use good judgement when making decisions abou
11、t cloning.我认为我们在对克隆做出决定时应该谨慎行事，做出好的判断。(1)make a judgement on/about对做出判断in ones judgement 依某人看来，按某人的看法(2)judge n. 法官，裁判 v. 判断，判决；审判judge sb./sth.to be 认为某人/某物是；把某人/某物评价为；判judge.from/by sth. 根据来判断(3)judging by/from. 根据来判断(作状语)In experts judgement，global warming will continue for a while.根据专家的判断，全球变暖还会
12、持续一段时间。My friend refused to make a judgement about the situation.我的朋友拒绝对形势作出评判。Judging(judge)by his accent，he must be an American.从他的口音来判断，他一定是个美国人。名师点津独立成分总结judging by/from用作独立成分，其中的judging不可以换为judged。类似用法的还有：strictly speaking严格地说；honestly speaking诚实地说；generally speaking一般来说；roughly speaking大致说来 be
13、/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮(教材P51)Im totally burnt out.我完全累垮了。burn out烧掉；烧毁的内部；熄灭；烧坏；烧尽；精疲力竭burn up 被烧毁；被烧掉(通常指烧掉除建筑物以外的东西)；烧起来burn down 烧毁；火力减弱burn away 烧掉；烧光burn.to the ground把烧为平地burn with anger勃然大怒The oil lamp has burned out.油灯熄灭了。If you put on more wood，the fire will burn up如果你加入更多的木柴，火就会烧起来的。The Gra
14、nd Hotel had burnt to the ground.格兰德大酒店被大火夷为平地。 relation n关系；亲戚(教材P56)Public Relations Manager公关经理(1)bear no relation to与无关；与不符in/with relation to 关于；涉及；与相比(2)relationship n. 关系；联系have relationship/relation with sb./to sth. 和有联系；与有关(3)relative adj. 有关系的；相对的 n. 亲戚；亲属(4)related adj. 有关系的be related to.
15、 与有关系A relation/relative of mine is coming to stay.我有个亲戚要来此暂住。Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation.把闲聊当成无关紧要的话题很容易，但我们不能忘记，如果没有闲聊，深厚的人际关系甚至都不会存在。I have a lot to say in/with relation to that af
16、fair.关于那件事，我有很多话要讲。I am related(relate)to that firm.我与那个公司有关系。 follow in ones footsteps效仿某人(教材P56).but this does not mean that we should follow in their footsteps.但这不意味着我们要效仿他们。follow in the footsteps of sb.follow in ones footsteps效仿某人，步某人的后尘follow sb.s examplefollow the example of sb. 仿效他人的做法follow
17、 ones advice 听从某人建议/忠告follow the fashion 赶时髦，赶潮流follow the rules 遵守规则as follows 如下He followed the doctors advice and had no further trouble.他听从了医生的建议，就没有再出现问题。The results we had discussed are as follows.我们讨论的结果如下。I dont want you to follow (follow)my example and rush into marriage.我不希望你效仿我也仓促结婚。 majo
18、rity n多数，大多数(教材P56)I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens，it would show that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research.我确信如果你在英国公民中进行一项调查，结果会表明大多数人不会支持这种科学研究。(1)the majority (of sb./sth.)大多数()in a/the majority 占大多数by/with a majority 以多数票(2)major vi
19、. 主修 adj. 主要的；重要的；主修的 n. 主修课程major in. 主修专业(3)minority n. 少数，少数派be in a/the minority 占少数The majority of the people present at the meeting are in favor of banning smoking.出席会议的大多数人支持禁烟。Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of selfworth, a major study warned.一
20、项重大研究警告称，10岁的孩子正变得依赖社交媒体来获得自我价值感。He believes that his supporters are in the/a majority.他认为他的支持者占大多数。He was finally admitted to his ideal university and majored in architecture.他终于被自己理想的大学录取了，主修建筑学专业。名师点津“the majority”作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可；“the majority of名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视名词单复数形式而定。 take.into considerat
21、ion认真考虑(教材P56)In summary，I insist that you take the opinions of the people of the UK into consideration，and end this practice immediately.总之，我坚持要求你把英国人民的意见考虑在内，立即终止这项实践。Several proposals are under consideration by the school board.学校董事会正在考虑几个提案。Considering(consider) hes just started，he knows quite a
22、 lot about it.鉴于他才刚刚开始，他懂得已经不少了。Im considering buying(buy)a house for my son.我正在考虑给儿子买房子。This award is considered(consider)a great honour.这项奖被视为极大的荣誉。 confirm vt.& vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信(教材P57)Therefore，we cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat.因此，我们不能肯定来自克隆动物身上的食物可以非
23、常安全地让人类食用。confirm sb.in sth.使某人确信某事confirm sb.as 批准某人任某职confirm sth./that/whether.证实，确认It has been confirmed that.已经确定To confirm that the worms chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste and applied it to plastic films.为了证实仅仅是昆虫的咀嚼并不能
24、分解聚乙烯，研究人员把一些昆虫制成糊状物涂抹到塑料膜上。The board has confirmed him as our sales manager.董事会已经批准他担任我们的销售经理。It has been confirmed(confirm) that the 32nd Olympic Games will be held in Japan.已经确定第32届奥运会将在日本举办。 (教材P49)He must have been working too hard to notice!他当时肯定是工作太努力而没有注意到！ 要点提炼句中too.to.表示“太而不能”，可用not.enough
25、 to和so.that结构改写。(1)不定式作结果状语，常用主动形式，其逻辑主语有时是句子的主语；若不是，不定式的逻辑主语通常由for引出。(2)too.to.表示肯定意义的情况：too后跟ready，eager，willing，pleased，glad等表示心情或倾向性的形容词时too前有only，all等副词对其进行修饰时否定词not，never等用在too前时He was too short to reach the apples on the tree.He was not tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.He was so sh
26、ort that he couldnt reach the apples on the tree.他太矮了够不到树上的苹果。Im only too glad to go to see the movie with you.我很高兴跟你一起去看电影。You cant be too careful to do your homework.做作业时你越细心越好。The book is too difficult for us to read.这本书太难了，我们读不了。 (教材P50)The boy was more frightened than hurt这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。 要点提炼
27、句中的more.than.结构意为“与其倒不如”，此结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。(1)more than(2)no more than数词仅仅，只不过not more than数词 不超过，不多于He is more than pleased with the result.他对这个结果很满意。He was so poor that he had no more than ten dollars.他穷得只剩下10美元了。In my judgement，he is not more than
28、 30 years old.依我看，他不超过30岁。单句语法填空1They worked out an effective method，which was confirmed(confirm)by the leadership.2As we all know，the majority of people are in favor of having only one child in a family now.3He is more lucky than clever.4Thousands of people turned out to watch(watch)yesterdays matc
29、h against Ireland.5Lucy was completely burned out after jogging in the hot sun all afternoon；she had little energy left.6Considering(consider)that she is interested in children，I am sure teaching is the right job for her.7I havent read both of his books，but judging(judge)by the one I have read I think hes a very promising writer.8Safe driving is good driving because it takes the lives of other people into consideration(consider)9We have discussed a lot in relation to the accident.10He is too young to go(go) on his own.