1、（全国卷）2021届高考英语下学期4月模拟题4（含解析）(时间：120分钟 满分：120分)选择题部分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。A（2021辽宁大连市高三期末） Louise Gluck has been no stranger to awards over her long and storied career, since her first publication in 1968. In 1993, she won the Pulitzer Prize for
2、 her collection of poems, The Wild Iris. And on Oct 8 she became the 16th woman to win the Nobel Prize in literature with the Nobel prizes first awarded in 1901.Gluck was honored “for her unmistakable poetic voice that, with plain beauty, makes individual existence universal”. Often said to be an au
3、tobiographical poet, drawing from her life, “she is not to be regarded as a confessional poet (告白派诗人). Gluck seeks the universal,” Nobel Committee Chair Anders Olsson said in a statement.Gluck, 77, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes
4、covering life, loss, and loneliness. Because of this, readers have often found her poetry to be “dark”. However, there is much more than darkness in her voice, as noted by Olsson. “It is straightforward and a voice full of humor and biting wit,” he said.For example, in her poem Snowdrops, she uses t
5、he coming of spring after winter to show rebirth of life after death. She leads readers down a depressing path only to reconnect with the light at the near end. At the conclusion of the poem, readers are left to feel the “raw wind of the new world” as they watch a new spring. This is often the case
6、in Glucks poetry, being able to feel joy even after not having done so for a long time.When her work Faithful Virtuous Night received a National Book Award for Poetry in 2014, a judge for the award went on to say, the collection comes from “a world where darkness blurs (使模糊) ordinarily sharp edges a
7、round the oppositions of our livesloss and renewal, male and female, the living and the dead”.Although shes already a well-known writer, experienced in exploring pain and healing, Gluck did feel honored to be given the Nobel award. However, when asked what the prize means to her, the poet responded
8、by saying, “Its too new. I dont know really what it means.” Her only hope is that she can continue her daily life.1What can we know about Louise Gluck?AHer first book was published in 1993.BThe Wild Iris won her the Nobel Prize in literature.CShe draws from her life experiences in her writing.DShe i
9、s seen as a successful confessional poet.2What does Olsson think of Glucks poems?AThey focus on individual existence.BThey are too dark for readers.CThey are mainly about human psychology.DThey are frank and humorous in style.3Why does the author mention Snowdrops in paragraph 4?ATo introduce the ma
10、in plots of this poem.BTo describe Glucks creativity in choosing themes.CTo show the features of Glucks poetry.DTo explain Glucks purpose in writing Snowdrops.4How does Gluck feel about winning the Nobel Prize in literature?AShe is not qualified for the prize.BIt is not meaningful for her.CIt may in
11、fluence her daily life.DThe history of the award isnt long. B（2021上海静安区高三一模） The seven teenagers hurried towards the airport gate. Italys national under-16 swimming championship was taking place in Genoa and the boys were going to compete there. 14-year-old Marco Sulis looked around for his teammate
12、s. Their coach sat near them. While preparing for take-off, the flight attendant began her routine safety briefing. Most of the passengers idled away the time engaging in chatting and eating. Although air crashes are alien to Marco, he, who perceived how vital the process was, would later remember a
13、ll her words.During the flight, as earlier instructed, he located the nearest emergency exit and made a mental note of the red handle behind a protective plastic shield. To open the door, one had to remove the plastic and pull the handle.Flanked by mountains to the north, the airport is often batter
14、ed by strong winds. Flight 1553 was a short one. The sky that day was crystalline blue and visibility was perfect.At two minutes to touchdown, the plane rocked, which was later found to be out of mechanical faults. Soon, it touched down precariously on two wheels. The captain attempted to reduce the
15、 airplanes speed by braking hard but it was no use. Slipping sideways, the plane rushed out into the sea at high speed.Tons of water poured into the cabin. Passengers were shouting and rushing towards the emergency exit door. Marco watched people struggle with the door fruitlessly.“Let me do it!” Ma
16、rco yelled, leaping out of his seat.Marco smashed the clear plastic with the palm of his hand. He grabbed the handle and pulled, using all the strength in his body. The emergency exit door finally swung open. However, the emergency door pinned Marcos leg down. Passengers passed Marco as they rushed
17、out of the plane. Already soaking in water, Marco knew there was no time to waste. He pushed against the door as hard as he could and managed to free his leg. Marco exited from the plane finally and saw his coach and teammates bobbing in the waves. He began swimming towards the concrete pier(码 头).Th
18、e others followed.When they reached the pier, they were safe at last. Even though four people were killed in the accident, many more survived because of Marco. Marco just simply said, “All I did was to watch safety briefing.”5Why did Marco remember the safety briefing?ABecause he used to meet with a
19、n air accident.BBecause he is excellent at remembering things.CBecause he was not used to eating and chatting on board.DBecause he realized the importance of flight safety measures.6Which of the following statements is TRUE?AMarco was the passenger sitting nearest to the emergency exit.BThe weather
20、condition was good for flying on the day of the accident.CThe plane went wrong above in sky because of the battering of wind.DThe pilot braked and finally managed to slow down the plane.7Why didnt Marco leave the plane as soon as the exit door was opened?ABecause he was trying to keep the exit door
21、open for other passengers.BBecause he was looking for the coach and teammates in the plane.CBecause one part of his body was stuck tight.DBecause he was afraid of the sea water outside the plane.8Many people were finally saved mainly because_.Athe crash on the runway was not seriousBMarco managed to
22、 open the exit doorCthey knew how to swim in the sea waterDthey received help from staff at concrete pier C（2020江苏南通市海安高级中学高三月考） I hope you will join us to develop the projectThe idea struck me in early 2017We were sitting in our class when our head teacher announcedThere11 be a new boy starting sch
23、ool tomorrowHe comes from the circus so hell be with us for a whileImmediately I heard remarks likeThose are dirty people；They eat raw meat；andWatch out your bagsThe teacher must have heard them and said in a very serious voice，Jake is our guestMake sure you treat him wellIt was the first time I had
24、 met anyone from a circusFortunately he sat in the only spare seat next to meOf course I didnt want to mind othersbusiness，but I couldnt help looking at him sidewaysI noticed Jake was smaller than me and had dirty finger nailsHis shirt was clean but had been repaired in many places and his trousers
25、were held up by a wide，leather beltAs he was sniffing loudly，I passed him my handkerchiefImmediately the boys began to whisperLeave him be!From my left a slight movement showed that Jake must have heard the remarks tooHe seemed to be having great difficulty with his maths work and was struggling to
26、hold his pen correctlyHe looked around as if for helpI looked around tooThe teacher was busy so I offered to explain the problems to himAs he listened he smiledHis eyes lit up and he returned to the exercises with enthusiasmHe finished them quickly and proudly presented them to the teacherWell done，
27、Jake，she approvedJake smiledI thought about how Jakes life would beI remembered seeing the campsite and thinking how poor the facilities（设施）wereSo I decided to helpAs it was my turn to suggest a project for our gradeI put forward this ideaOur head teacher accepted it and so we began to prepare our p
28、lans to improve the campsiteHope you will join us9Why did the students dislike Jake even before they saw him？ _AA newcomer was not welcome at that timeBThey always judged a person by what he looks likeCThe teacher hadnt introduced Jake to them beforehandDThey must have heard terrible stories about c
29、ircus people10Whats the authors attitude towards Jake？ _AHe copied the other boysbehaviorBHe was distant about what Jakes life was likeCHe had sympathy for the people who were in needDHe couldnt ignore what other people said about Jake11With the help of the author，Jake became more _ Afriendly and br
30、aveBconfident and proudCeasygoing and helpfulDoptimistic and warm-hearted12Whats the authors main purpose in writing this passage？ _ATo call on more people to help JakeBTo show what is in need for a circusCTo ask the readers to join in his projectDTo argue circus people should be fairly treated D（20
31、20福建厦门市厦门双十中学高三月考） The Dezeen x Samsung Out of the Box Competition is a global contest that challenges contestants to design innovative objects for the home that can be made by repurposing cardboard packaging. Its inspired by Samsungs Eco-Packaging, in which some of its televisions are shipped to cu
32、stomers.Judging criteriaEntries will be judged on how original the idea is, how visually appealing the object is and how useful it would be in the home.Who can enterThe competition is free to enter for anyone over 18 around the world. Entries from individuals and teams will both be accepted.How to e
33、nterContestants will need to submit their entry via the form down-loadable here: http:/www. The following information should be included in the form: the name of the design, a description of its concept (maximum 300 words), one to ten images showing the object in use in the home. A video or animatio
34、n (动画) displaying the design and its assembly (组装) is optional.Closing dateAll entries must be received by 23:59 BST on October 29, 2020.Shortlist (入围名单)and finalistsIn November 2020, Dezeen and Samsung will select a shortlist of the best designs, which will be published on the Dezeen website. In De
35、cember 2020, five finalists will then be exhibited at IFA Berlin, one of the worlds largest trade fairs for consumer electronics. Entrants behind the top five designs will be invited to attend the IFA to present their designs to an English-speaking jury.Winners and prizesThe competition is awarding
36、$20,000 in total prize money, which will be divided among the top five finalists. The overall winner will receive a top prize of $10,000.13Which of the following is NOT a criterion for deciding who takes first place in the Samsung Out of the Box Competition?ACostBFunctionCCreativityDAppearance14Lily
37、, who decides to enter the Competition, will have to submit all the following information EXCEPT FOR _. Is this a team entry? (If so, please list the names of all teammates.) Name of design (This will appear on all communication and media coverage.) Entry description (Please explain the concept behi
38、nd your design, what lifestyle it has been designed for and how it is assembled.) Upload images (at most 10)(All images must be JPGs and no more than 1MB in size each) Video or animation (Please include a URL here)ABCD15Which of the following statements is true?AEach of the finalists will receive a
39、prize of $4,000.BThe overall winner will have a chance to visit Samsung.CThe best designs will be published on the Dezeen website.DThe finalists will represent their designs at IFA in their native languages.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2021浙江高三一模） At some point
40、in the near future, self-driving cars may become common on the roads. Self-driving cars have already been test-driven, but they are not yet available for the public.Self-driving cars have already been test-driven thousands of miles. 16 Passengers could do things such as eat or read on the way. Best
41、of all, the self-driving cars that were tested experienced fewer accidents than average human drivers.17There are issues that must be solved before self-driving cars can be made available to the public. One problem is that a car cannot predict problems far down the road like a driver can. 18 For exa
42、mple, a driver can see that a child is riding her skateboard directly into the road 0. 3 km away and start to slow down. The self-driving car can react only once the child is in its immediate path.19 They may become confused by fog, heavy rain, or road spray from another vehicles wheels. They dont p
43、redict or “feel that the roads have become icy like an experienced driver would. For instance, when a road is icy, a human driver would step on the brakes（刹车）more gently than when the roads areclean and dry.Another issue is that self-driving cars have maps programmed into their memory, but these map
44、s arent always updated and accurate. 20 Because of this, there is no promise that a self-driving car can get a passenger to his or her destination. Perhaps one day, self-driving cars will be everywhere. However, we are not ready for that just yet.ASelf-driving cars has disadvantages.BThese cars had
45、only passengers, no drivers.CThe safety problems have almost been addressed.DNew roads are built, and old roads are closed down.E.So why arent self-driving cars common on roads today?F.The self-driving cars can react to things only once they actually occur.G.Self-driving vehicles also have difficult
46、y adjusting to weather conditions.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2020山东师范大学附中高三月考） One afternoon, I took my daughter to go ice skating. I grew up ice skating, a(n) 21 much like riding a bike. And she was eager to learn. We 22 stepped onto ice
47、that was more slippery than I 23 . No sooner did our blades（冰刀） 24 the frozen area than both my daughter and I felt ourselves hurtling（猛冲）toward the ground. I feared my daughter falling again and asked her to stay aside watching but she 25 . At that moment, her friend pirouetted（单脚尖旋转）toward us. She
48、 said, Falling is part of any new 26 Ill help her to skate！My daughter looked at me with 27 eyes and I agreed.Seconds later, my daughter 28 . I gasped as she struggled to get up. Then I watched her 29 for her friends hand, get back on her 30 , and skate off only to fall three paces later. Over time,
49、 her falling became 31 . When they finally came back to the benches, my daughter exclaimed in 32 : Mama! I fell 22 times! I spent the next hour watching my daughter 33 the rink. After falling, she got up by clinging to the wall and started to glide until she could make it all the way around without
50、a single fall. 34 my daughter stepped off the rink, with a 35 smile, Mama! I did it! I did it!21AcourseBskillCexperienceDstory22AstablyBhurriedlyCawkwardlyDskillfully23AimaginedBexpectedCnoticedDremembered24AtouchBpressCcutDhit25AsucceededBnoddedCrefusedDlaughed26AsystemBattemptCdiscoveryDroad27Aeag
51、erBworryingCpromisingDsurprised28AadvancedBbackedCstoppedDfell29AlookBsendCcareDreach30AlegsBfeetCbackDhands31Aless frequentBless likelyCmore painfulDmore graceful32AangerBshockCfearDdelight33AseekBcircleCleaveDapproach34AFinallyBHardlyCQuicklyDSlowly35AkindBwideCforcedDrelieved非选择题部分第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，
52、满分30分)第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（2020福建厦门市厦门双十中学高三月考）In Hebei Province lies a vast forest called Saihanba. This green Great Wall, 36 at its peak during the Qing Dynasty covered thousands of hectares, had by the 1950s 37（virtual）disappeared. This allowed sand to blow into
53、 Beijing from the northern deserts.Saihanba is a combination of Chinese and Mongolian, 38（mean）“beautiful highlands. Until the Qing Dynasty, it was a royal hunting land because of its cool summer weather and beautiful surroundings. However, most of the area had turned into a desert by the end of the
54、 Qing Dynasty.In fact 56 years ago there was only one tree left. But without that tree, there 39（be）no miracle of Saihanba today. In the early 1960s, over 350 foresters 40（send）to this area to fight the desert. They were required 41（rebuild）the forest in Saihanba. Few people, including the foresters
55、 themselves, believed they would succeed.Their doubt disappeared, however, when they found the 200-year-old tree, swaying alone in 42 wind. If one tree could survive here, 43 could millions of trees, they thought.After decades of hard work, three generations of the foresters have restored almost 80%
56、 of the original Saihanba forest. Recently, they were awarded the 44（high）environmental honor from the United Nations for their great 45（contribute）to creating a greener world.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节、提纲类作文（满分15分）（2021浙江高三一模）假定你是李华，是校京剧社(Peking Opera Club)的社长，请你给外国留学生George写一封邮件，告知他上周的入社面试他未通过,内容包括：1.告知
57、消息；2.说明原因；3.给予鼓励。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_第二节、 读后续写（满分25分）（2020江苏省高邮中学高三月考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something meaningful can also gain special pleasure. When the final bell rang, the students were reminded that there w
58、as no school on Mondaythe Labor Day. “Enjoy your extra day off,”said the teacher to her class.An extra day of fun suited Kayla just fine. She loved breaks. She wanted to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Kayla off, she ran into the house happily.“How was school, Kayla?” as
59、ked her mom.“It was great, Mom. I am excited about no school on Monday. ”“You just started back to school two weeks ago. Already in need of a break, huh?” asked Kaylas mom with a laugh.Kayla slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rained most of the day, so Kayla enj
60、oyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketball for several hours.Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Kayla was so looking forward to. But Kayla was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Kayla that in honor of Labor Day, the
61、family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Kayla couldnt believe it. This was a holiday. A day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Kayla wiped her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.“Kayla, your break
62、fast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Lets get a move on, ”said Kaylas mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Kayla asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today? Isnt Labor Day a holiday?”“Yes, Kayla. It is, ”replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today
63、would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place. ”Paragraph1：At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents plan for the holiday._Paragraph 2：But things began to change as she was doing the chores._参考答案1C2D3C4C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔文学奖获得者Louise Gluck的生平和作品集。1细节理解题。根据第三段中“G
64、luck, 77, the author of 12 poetry collections, has been able to turn her life experiences into universal themes covering life, loss, and isolation.(77岁的Gluck是12本诗集的作者，她将自己的人生经历转化为涵盖生命、失落和孤独的普遍主题)”可知，Louise Gluck的作品从生活经历中取材。故选C。2细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, there is much more than darkness in her voice, as
65、noted by Olsson. “It is straightforward and a voice full of humor and biting wit,” he said.(然而，正如Olsson所指出的那样，她的声音中不仅仅是黑暗。他说：“这是一个坦率的、充满幽默和尖刻智慧的声音”)”可知，Olsson认为Gluck的诗的风格坦率幽默。故选D。3推理判断题。根据第三段中“Because of this, readers have often found her poetry to be “dark”. However, there is much more than darknes
66、s in her voice, as noted by Olsson. It is frank and also a voice full of humor and biting wit,” he said.(正因为如此，读者们经常发现她的诗歌是“黑暗的”。然而，正如Olsson所指出的那样，她的声音中不仅仅是黑暗。他说：“这是一个坦率的、充满幽默和尖刻智慧的声音。”)”以及第四段“For example, in her poem Snowdrops, she uses the coming of spring after winter to show rebirth of life afte
67、r death. She leads readers down a depressing path only to reconnect with the light at the near end. At the conclusion of the poem, readers are left to feel the “raw wind of the new world” as they watch a new spring. This is often the case in Glucks poetry, being able to feel joy even after not havin
68、g done so for a long time.(例如，在她的诗雪花莲中，她用冬去春来来表现死后重生。她把读者引向一条令人沮丧的道路，却在接近尽头时又重新看到了光明。在诗歌的结尾处，读者们可以感受到“新世界的寒风”，因为他们看到了一个新的春天。Gluck的诗中经常出现这种情况，即使在很久没有这样做的情况下也能感到快乐)”可推知，第四段通过举例Snowdrops这个作品来展现Gluck诗歌的风格特点。故选C。4推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Her only hope is that she can continue her daily life.(她唯一的希望就是能维持她的日常生活)”可推知，
69、Gluck感觉获得诺贝尔文学奖可能会影响她的日常生活。故选C。5D6B7C8B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个“英雄”的事迹。在一次由于飞机故障而导致的坠机事件中，要去参加游泳锦标赛的Marco凭借自己的力量打开了飞机上的应急门，从而使得飞机坠机事件中更多的人活了下来。5细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾内容“Although air crashes are alien to Marco, he, who perceived how vital the process was, would later remember all her words.”（虽然坠机对Marco来说是陌生的，但
70、Marco意识到安全简报在坠机时的重要性，就记住了乘务员说的所有话）可知， Marco 记住安全简报是因为他意识到安全措施的重要性。故选D项。6细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The sky that day was crystalline blue and visibility was perfect.”可知，当天的天空湛蓝湛蓝，能见度极佳，由此可知，事故发生那天的天气状况很适合飞行。故选B项。7细节理解题。根据文章第七段内容“However, the emergency door pinned Marcos leg down.(然而，应急门压住了Marco的腿。)”可知，当应急门打开时，应
71、急门压住了Marco的腿，以致于他不能立即离开飞机。故选C项。8细节理解题。根据文章末尾内容“Even though four people were killed in the accident, many more survived because of Marco.”可知，很多人在事故中幸存下来是因为Marco在发生事故后的英勇行为，再结合倒数第二段的“Marco smashed the clear plastic with the palm of his hand. He grabbed the handle and pulled, using all the strength in
72、his body. The emergency exit door finally swung open.”可知，是Marco用手掌打碎了透明塑料，抓住把手，用尽全身的力气拉，应急门才终于打开。由此可知，很多人能够幸存下来是因为Marco打开了应急门。故选B项。9D10C11B12C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过来到班级的新同学Jack，同情那些需要帮助的人们，于是决定帮忙。轮到作者为年级建议一个项目，他提出了一个帮扶的想法9推理判断题。根据第一段句子“Immediately I heard remarks likeThose are dirty people；They eat r
73、aw meat；and Watch out youre your bags”（我立刻听到了那些是肮脏的人、他们吃生肉和小心你的包之类的话）因为先前听别人说过这样的的话，对马戏团的人有不好的认识，所以同学们不喜欢。故选D项。10细节理解题。根据第二段句子“The teacher was busy so I offered to explain the problems to him”（老师很忙，所以我主动向他解释问题）可见作者同情需要帮助的人。故选C项。11细节理解题。根据第二段句子“He finished them quickly and proudly presented them to t
74、he teacherWell done，Jake，she approvedJake smiled ”（他很快地把它们读完，骄傲地把它们交给了老师干得好，杰克，她同意了杰克笑了）可知Jack在我的帮助下得到了老师表扬，他的微笑表明增强了自信。故选B项。12推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Our head teacher accepted it and so we began to prepare our plans to improve the campsiteHope you will join us.”(我们的班主任接受了这个想法，所以我们开始准备计划改善营地，希望你能加入我们)可知，作者的目
75、的是号召同学加入他们。故选C项。13A14B15C【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了设计媒体 Dezeen 与韩国 Samsung 共同推出的纸板家具大赛的相关信息。13细节理解题。根据Judging criteria中的“Entries will be judged on how original the idea is, how visually appealing the object is and how useful it would be in the home.(参赛作品将根据创意的原创性、物品在视觉上的吸引力以及在家中的实用性进行评判)”可知，评估作品能否获奖的标准有 三 点，分
76、别是创新、美学、功能，不包括成本。故选A。14细节理解题。根据How to enter部分的内容可得知，必须上报的信息有：设计名字；概念描述；1 到 10 张照片；动画展示，组装视频或动画是选择项（可交可不交），不用说明是个人还是团体参赛。故选B。15细节理解题。根据Shortlist (入围名单)and finalists部分“In November 2020, Dezeen and Samsung will select a shortlist of the best designs, which will be published on the Dezeen website.( 2020
77、年11月，Dezeen和Samsung将选出一份最佳设计的入围名单，并公布在Dezeen网站上)”可知，最佳设计会在网站公布。故选C。16B17E18F19G20D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车未能被推广应用的原因。16上文“Self-driving cars have already been test-driven thousands of miles.(无人驾驶汽车已经试驾了数千英里。)”介绍无人驾驶汽车已经开始试驾；下文“Passengers could do things such as eat or read on the way.(乘客可以在路上吃东西、看书等
78、。)”说明试驾时乘客可以有哪些活动。B项“这些汽车里只有乘客，没有司机”承上启下，和下文一起进一步介绍上文内容。选项中These cars指的是上文中的Self-driving cars；选项中passengers指的是下文中的Passengers，文义连贯，逻辑合理。故选B项。17下文“There are issues that must be solved before self-driving cars can be made available to the public.(在自动驾驶汽车向公众开放之前，有一些问题必须解决。)”说明自动驾驶汽车还有些问题必须解决才能投入使用。E项“那么
79、为什么无人驾驶汽车如今在路上不常见呢？”与下文是问答因果关系，因为自动驾驶汽车还有问题，所以如今在路上还不常见。文义连贯，逻辑合理。故选E项。18上文“One problem is that a car cannot predict problems far down the road like a driver can.(其中一个问题是，汽车不能像司机那样预测很远的路。)”说明汽车不能预测很远的路；F项“无人驾驶汽车只有在事情真正发生时才会做出反应”承接上文，进一步解释上文，说明无人驾驶汽车只有较近了才会做出反应。下文“For example, a driver can see that a
80、 child is riding her skateboard directly into the road 0. 3 km away and start to slow down. The self-driving car can react only once the child is in its immediate path.(例如，一名司机在看到0.3千米远处的一个孩子在路面上骑滑板车时就开始减速。自动驾驶汽车只有在孩子在它的直接路径上时才会做出反应。)”是对上文和选项的举例说明，语义一致，合乎逻辑。故选F项。19下文“They may become confused by fog,
81、 heavy rain, or road spray from another vehicles wheels.(它们可能会被雾、大雨或来自其他车辆溅起的水花所迷惑。)”说明它们（无人驾驶汽车）可能会被天气等因素所困惑，G项“无人驾驶汽车在适应天气情况方面也有困难”引出下文，下文是对选项的具体说明。选项中weather conditions和下文中fog, heavy rain语义相关。故选G项。20上文“Another issue is that self-driving cars have maps programmed into their memory, but these maps
82、arent always updated and accurate.(另一个问题是，自动驾驶汽车的内存中有地图程序，但这些地图并不总是更新和准确。)”说明自动驾驶汽车内存的地图道路不一定准确，D项“新的道路被修建，而旧的道路被关闭”承接上文，是对上文的解释，说明道路在不断地变化，而地图不能及时更新，选项和上文语义相关，逻辑合理。故选D。21B22C23D24A25C26B27A28D29D30B31A32B33B34A35B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者女儿学习滑冰的故事，在无数次摔倒后，作者女儿并没有放弃，最后成功地学会了滑冰，作者以这个故事告诉我们做任何事情都要不要言弃。21考查名
83、词词义辨析。句意：我从小就滑冰，这项技能很像骑自行车。A. course课程； B. skill技能；C. experience经历，经验 ；D. story故事。根据常识可知，滑冰和骑自行车都是技能。故选B。22考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们笨拙地踩在冰面上，冰面比我记忆中的还要滑。A. stably稳定地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. awkwardly笨拙地；D. skillfully有技巧地。根据前文“And she was eager to learn.”可知，因为作者女儿想学滑冰，因为不会，所以此处指他们笨拙地踩在冰面上。故选C。23考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们笨拙地踩在冰面
84、上，冰面比我记忆中的还要滑。A. imagined想象；B. expected期待； C. noticed注意；D. remembered记得。根据前文“I grew up ice skating”描述可知，以此处指冰面比作者记忆中还要滑。故选D。24考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的刀片一碰到冰冻的地方，我和女儿就感到自己向地面飞去。A. touch接触；B. press压；C. cut切割； D. hit击打。根据空前“ our blades（冰刀）”和空后“the frozen area”可知，因为刀片接触到了冰冻的地方，所以作者和女儿就 感到自己向地面飞去。故选A。25考查动词词义辨析。句
85、意：我担心我的女儿再次摔倒，让她站在一边看着，但她拒绝了。A. succeeded成功；B. nodded点头；C. refused拒绝；D. laughed笑。根据转折连词but可知，空处需用动词refused，表示作者女儿拒绝了作者的要求。故选C。26考查名词词义辨析。句意：摔倒是任何新尝试的一部分，我会帮她滑冰的!A. system系统； B. attempt尝试；C. discovery发现； D. road道路。由前文描述“ And she was eager to learn.”可知，作者女儿不会滑冰，所以滑冰摔倒是新尝试的一部分。故选B。27考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女儿用渴望的
86、眼神看着我，我同意了。A. eager渴望的；B. worrying着急的； C. promising有希望的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据作者女儿不会滑冰，渴望滑冰，所以此处指作者女儿用渴望的眼神看着作者。故选A。28考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，我女儿摔倒了。A. advanced前进；B. backed支持；C. stopped停止；D. fell摔倒。根据后一句“I gasped as she struggled to get up.”可知，作者的女儿挣扎着站起来，由此可知，此处表示作者的女儿摔倒了。故选D。29考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我看到她伸手去拉她朋友的手，重新站
87、起来，滑了下去，只滑了三步。A. look看；B. send发送；C. care在乎； D. reach伸出。根据前文描述和“for her friends hand”可知，作者女儿摔倒了，所以空处需用动词reach，表示她伸手去拉她朋友的手。reach for伸手去拿，固定短语。故选D。30考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我看到她伸手去拉她朋友的手，重新站起来，滑了下去，只滑了三步。A. legs腿；B. feet脚；C. back背；D. hands手。根据后文“and skate off only to fall three paces later.”可知，作者女儿站了起来，所以空处需用名词
88、feet。故选B。31考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她摔倒的次数越来越少。A. less frequent低频率；B. less likely较少可能；C. more painful更加痛苦； D. more graceful更优雅。根据时间状语“Over time”和常识可知，练习多了，作者女儿摔倒的次数越来越少。故选A。32考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们最终回到长椅上时，我女儿惊讶地叫道:“妈妈!我摔了22次!”A. anger生气；B. shock吃惊；C. fear恐惧；D. delight开心。根据空后“Mama! I fell 22 times！”可知，作者的女儿摔倒了
89、22次，所以作者的女儿感到惊讶。故选B。33考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的一个小时，我看着女儿在溜冰场转圈。A. seek寻找；B. circle转圈； C. leave离开； D. approach靠近。根据常识可知，根据下文“After falling, she got up by clinging to the wall and started to glide until she could make it all the way around without a single fall”可知，作者女儿在滑冰，初学，技术不好，不断的跌倒，爬起，在溜冰场上练习滑冰，所以此处指作者看着女
90、儿在溜冰场转圈。故选B。34考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我女儿从溜冰场上走了下来，笑容灿烂，“妈妈！我做到了！我做到了！”A. Finally最后；B. Hardly几乎不；C. Quickly快速地；D. Slowly慢慢地。根据故事发展可知，作者女儿开始不会滑冰，到最后会滑，所以此处需用副词finally。故选A。35考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我女儿从溜冰场上走了下来，笑容灿烂，“妈妈！我做到了！我做到了！”A. kind善良的；B. wide（笑容）大大的，灿烂的；C. forced强迫的；D. relieved放心的。根据后文“Mama! I did it! I did it!
91、”可知，因为作者女儿学会了滑冰，所以她笑得很灿烂。故选B。36which37virtually38meaning39would be40were sent41to rebuild42the43so44highest45contribution(s)【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍塞罕坝这个绿色长城的由来。在清朝时它覆盖了几千公顷的森林，是皇家狩猎地。但到了上世纪五十年代，它变成了沙漠。在六十年代早期，350名护林人被派去重建这个地方的森林。现在，经过三代人的努力，已经覆盖了80%的原始森林，受到了联合国的奖励。36考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词 This green G
92、reat Wall 在从句中作主语，用关系代词 which。故填 which。37考查副词。disappeared 是动词，要用副词修饰。故填 virtually。38考查非谓语动词。Saihanba 与 mean 之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。故填 meaning。39考查虚拟语气。根据介词短语 But without that tree 可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词用 would动词原形。故填 would be。40考查动词时态和语态。foresters 与 send 之间是动宾关系，根据时间状语 In the early 1960s 要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填
93、 were sent。41考查动词不定式。require sb. to do sth. 意为“要求某人做某事”，此处是其被动式。故填 to rebuild。42考查冠词。wind 加 the 表示特指。故填 the。43考查倒装句。上句话提到的情况同样适合下文的人或物，为了避免和上文的内容重复，英语习惯用so，neither/nor 引导的倒装句。so 引导的倒装句表示肯定，neither/nor 引导的倒装句表示否定，其时态与前一句时态保持一致，上下文陈述的不是同一人或事物。故填 so。44考查形容词最高级。根据句意：他们被联合国授予最高环保荣誉奖。用最高级 highest。故填 highe
94、st。45考查名词。介词后接名词作宾语。contribution 是可数名词，根据语境可用单数或复数形式。故填 contribution(s)。第一节、提纲类作文（满分15分）One possible versionDear George,Im Li Hua, chairman of the Peking Opera Club. I want to thank you for your interest in joining the Peking Opera Club and for all the time you put into the interview process. Unfort
95、unately, Im sorry to tell you that we will not offer the membership to you.While your enthusiasm for Peking Opera is very impressive, we have chosen a candidate who has more hands-on experience. Besides, your Mandarin failed to meet the criteria for stage performance.However, we will keep your resum
96、e on file and keep you in mind if there should be any other chances. Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国留学生George写一封邮件，告知他没有通过上周京剧社的面试。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时,少量现在完成时和一般过去时等。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 告知消息；2. 说明原因；3. 给予鼓励。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）chairman of the
97、 Peking Opera Club; thank you for your interest in joining the Peking Opera Club; sorry to tell; not offer the membership; choose a candidate who has more hands-on experience; fail to meet the criteria for stage performance; keep your resume on file; keep you in mind; any other chances第三步：连词成句1. Im
98、Li Hua, chairman of the Peking Opera Club.2. I want to thank you for your interest in joining the Peking Opera Club and for all the time you put into the interview process. 3. Unfortunately, Im sorry to tell you that we will not offer the membership to you.4. While your enthusiasm for Peking Opera i
99、s very impressive, we have chosen a candidate who has more hands-on experience. 5. Besides, your Mandarin failed to meet the criteria for stage performance.6. However, we will keep your resume on file and keep you in mind if there should be any other chances.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接
100、词）1.表并列补充关系：Besides2.表转折对比关系：However, While, Unfortunately连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 I want to thank you for your interest in joining the Peking Opera Club and for all the time you put into the interview process.(动名词作介词宾语以及省略引导词的定语从句)高分句型2 While your enthusiasm for Peking Opera i
101、s very impressive, we have chosen a candidate who has more hands-on experience.(while引导的让步状语从句和who引导的限制性定语从句)第二节、读后续写（满分25分）Paragraph1：At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parentsplan for the holiday. How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends! She was against the annoying plan
102、 from the bottom of her heart, but she had no choice. First, Kayla was arranged to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, she was asked to give their puppy a bath. She knew it was a hard task, which needed a lot of tiring, careful and patient work. She has begun the work with great unwillingness.Par
103、agraph 2：But things began to change as she was doing the chores. Brushing the puppy, she found it was a lot of fun with so many soap bubbles. Then it was on to yard work where Kayla helped to pick up sticks. She pretended the small sticks were basketballs, and shot them into a large trash can. So th
104、e work was done with great pleasure. Kayla felt proud to see how much better the yard looked. When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house. The lemonade tasted wonderful after a hard day of work.【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要记叙了本来以为劳动节放假可以休息的Kayla，早上被爸爸吵醒，告诉她
105、为了庆祝劳动节，全家会打扫屋子内外。Kayla不明白，父亲告诉她这么做是为了让她明白劳动节的由来。续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：一开始，Kayla对父母的假期计划感到失望。所以后文应该是讲述Kayla内心对这个计划的看法，她虽然反对，但是也别无选择。讲述了Kayla做家务的经过。第二段开头是：但随着她开始做家务，情况开始发生变化。本段应该写Kayla在做家务过程中的感受，她发现了做家务的乐趣，觉得做家务有意义。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：play with, be against, have no choice, pick up等高级词汇；How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends!运用了感叹句；When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house.运用了时间状语从句等高级句式。