1、UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD课时分层作业(十七).单句语法填空1If you have some trouble getting(get)along with your friends，you can write to them.2This is important because the more you speak English，the better(good)your English will become.3Struggling for our dreams，as the headmaster addressed at the meeting，o
2、ffers us a sense of responsibility.4In a way I can see what you mean，even if I dont share your point of view.5We have to write a description(describe) of the street where we live and give it to the teacher tomorrow.6Compared with/to natural disasters，such as typhoons，floods and earthquakes，humans ar
3、e very weak.7After a month of training，he became equal to the work as a bus driver.8If you are talking to someone senior to you，youd better be polite.9She demanded to_see(see) the headmaster immediately to settle the problem.10Id like to read books related (relate) to western culture and custom.阅读理解
4、Many people believe that there is one form of their language that is more correct than others.For example，they may believe that British English is more correct than other varieties；or that written English is more correct than spoken English；or that standard spoken forms are more correct than dialect
5、 forms.Often this belief is supported by reference books on grammar，usage guides or dictionaries：If something goes against a rule in a grammar，or if the word isnt in the dictionary，it “must be wrong”Since the reference books are often based on observation of the standard written language，the argumen
6、t is really circular：These books will naturally describe standard usage，because that is what they are for；but this does not mean that there is anything wrong with other kinds of usage less often described.A better way of looking at things is to say that usage is “correct in its place”Standard Americ
7、an English is correct in America，British English is correct in Britain，spoken grammar is accepted in casual speeches，and formal written grammar is employed in formal writing.The only forms that are wrong in all contexts(语境) are learners errors.For example，“I have forgetting the your address.”or “One
8、 of your chairs are broken.”This means there is no answer to the question：“What kind of English should learners study？”It depends on their purposes.For many learners，the best model is British or American English.Neither of these is “better” than the other，and they are both used and understood worldw
9、ide.People are also worried about language change.If younger people “break” the rules that older people have learned，or use language in new ways，older people often feel disturbed：They are concerned that younger people no longer know their grammar，and that the language is going downhill.This is a nee
10、dless worry：Change is natural and inevitable；it cannot be stopped，and it does not generally affect a languages efficiency as a communicative tool.A great deal of modern English grammar would have been wrong three hundred years ago，and will perhaps be wrong again three hundred years from now.【语篇解读】不同
11、的语境决定了不同的语言使用方法，所以作者认为，没有所谓“一定正确”和“一定错误”的语言。同时我们也不必担心语言的发展变化，它通常不会影响语言作为交流工具的效率。许多现代英语语法在三百年前是错的，也许三百年后又变成错的。1What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?ALearners are always confused about the reference books.BUsages not mentioned in the reference books are not necessarily wrong.CNobody can c
12、hallenge the authority of the reference books.DSome wrong usages can be found in the reference books.B词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“but this does not mean that there is anything wrong with other kinds of usage less often described”可知，作者认为这些参考书自然会描述标准用法，但这并不意味着参考书中未提及的用法一定是错的。故选B项。2What is the main idea of Paragraph
13、 2?AThere is no “standard English”BAmerican English is better than British English.CA learner should master all the distinctions of different English.DThere are differences between British English and American English.A段落大意题。根据第二段中的“A better way of looking at things is to say that usage is correct i
14、n its place. Standard American English is correct in America, British English is correct in Britain .”可知，作者认为不存在所谓“标准英语”。学习者应该学什么样的英语？这个问题没有答案。所以本段主要说的是没有“标准英语”。故选A项。3The underlined word in Paragraph 3 can be most probably replaced with _.AunbelievableBuncountableCunacceptableDunavoidableD词义猜测题。根据最后
15、一段画线词后的“it cannot be stopped”可知，此处是说，语言变化是自然和不可避免的，它不能被阻止，也通常不会影响语言作为一种交流工具的效率。所以画线词应意为“不可避免的”，与unavoidable意义相近。故选D项。4What is the authors attitude toward the changes of English?ADisturbed.BCautious.COptimistic.DAggressive.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People are also worried about language change.”和“This is a nee
16、dless worry: Change is natural and inevitable; it cannot be stopped, and it does not generally affect a languages efficiency as a communicative tool.”可推知，作者对于英语的变化是持乐观态度的。故选C项。.完形填空How do young people learn best？This is something I think a lot when I am teaching foreign languages to young people.I o
17、ften 1 that traditional teaching 2 are hardly effective for young brains to learn a foreign language.After moving to southern Italy，I was 3 to have had the chance to run a private course teaching English to children under 7.I 4 children liked singing and enjoyed games so I wanted to use these tools
18、to help my students 5 English conversation skills.I found some fun and 6 songs online，which they loved very much.I also found the English version of some nursery rhymes(童谣) they once were familiar with.All of them were very entertaining and helpful but 7 could still not have a basic conversation in
19、English.I wanted these students to be 8 in the language I was teaching and I also wished them to speak it.I was eager to deliver 90% of my lessons in English. 9 ，I knew it would be difficult to get them to talk in a foreign language they 10 speak outside our lessons.So I had to 11 a simple yet effec
20、tive plan.One day I decided to prepare a dialogue in English and rather than simply getting students to repeat the phrases，I got them to chant(反复唱) 12 .I discovered that chanting was a practical way to get students to speak in Englishit 13 ！So when teaching English to young people now，I 14 them to m
21、ake up their own chants to help them remember 15 or complex sentences.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在教授英语的过程中，通过让学生自己编歌、唱歌、实现从学习英语转变为说英语。1A.suggest Bknow Cfind DguessC句意：我经常发现，传统的教学方法对年轻人学习外语几乎没有什么效果。2A.materials Bprocesses Cattitudes DmethodsD此处指传统的教学方法。teaching methods教学方法。3A.anxious Blucky Csurprised Dpuz
22、zledB此处指作者很幸运，有机会开设了一门私人课程，教7岁以下的孩子学英语。4A.considered Brealized Cproved DinsistedB作者意识到孩子们喜欢唱歌和玩游戏。5A.develop Bpractice Csupport DincreaseA此处指发展学生的英语会话技巧。6A.global Bnative Cequal DeasyD此处指作者在网上找到了一些有趣且简单的歌曲。7A.students Bteachers Cwriters DreadersA句意：它们全部都很有趣，也很有帮助，但是学生们仍然不能用英语进行基本的对话。8A.experienced B
23、interestedCconcerned DpuzzledB句意：我希望这些学生对我所教的语言感兴趣。9A.Besides BTherefore CHowever DLuckilyC句意：然而，我知道要让他们用一种他们很少在课堂之外讲的外语进行交流是很困难的。10A.fairly Beagerly Cnearly DseldomD参见上题解析。11A.come up with Bput up withCkeep up with Dcatch up withA句意：所以我必须想出一个简单而有效的计划。12A.that Bit Cone DthemD此处指作者让他们反复唱这些词组。用them指代前
24、边提到的phrases，故选D。13A.mattered Bvalued Cworked DwonderedC此处指它起作用了。14A.persuade BencourageCremind DcommandB句意：我鼓励他们编自己反复唱的曲子来帮助他们记住词组或复杂的句子。15A.expressions BconversationsCcourses DmeasuresA参见上题解析。.语法填空October usually marks the 1._(begin) of a new season, but what you call that season depends 2._ where
25、you are and whom you are.In the UK, people will tell you its “autumn”. However, you will find people use both “fall” and “autumn” interchangeably when 3._ (mention) this time of year in the US.Why does it have to be so 4._ (confuse) ?According to Dictionary. com, “fall” isnt a modern nickname (绰号) 5
26、._ followed. In Old English the season 6._ (call) “harvest” meaning that farmers would have a big harvest in this season. Then, in the 1600s, without farming，the term “harvest” 7._ (gradual) became less useful to city dwellers, so English speakers needed a different name for the season. They knew le
27、aves fall from trees during the season, so people called it “the fall of the leaf”， or “fall” for short.But at the end of the 1600s, autumn, from the French word “autompne”，8._ (come) to England. It became more popular and took the place of “fall” as the word for the season.At the same time, British
28、 people were making their trips to North America，9._ (bring) the words “fall” and “autumn” with them. Thats 10._ todays Americans have two names for one season. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“秋天”的两种表达方式“autumn”和“fall”的由来。1beginning此处由the限定，后面有of修饰，应用名词，the beginning of.意为“的开始”，此处指“新季节的开始”。2on/upon句意为：但你怎么称呼那个季节
29、取决于你在哪里和你是谁。depend on/upon意为“取决于”，为固定短语。3mentioningmention与其逻辑主语people之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作时间状语。4confusing此处作系动词be的表语，用形容词，主语it指物，此处表示“令人困惑的”，应用ing结尾的形容词。5which/that设空处引导定语从句，先行词是nickname，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。6was called设空处作谓语，句中主语the season和动词call之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据In Old English可知，时态为一般过去时，故填一般过去时的被动语态。7gradually修饰动词became应用副词，指“逐渐变得”，故填gradually。8came设空处为句子谓语，根据时间状语at the end of the 1600s可知，此处用一般过去时。9bringing本句中谓语为were making，与设空处之间无连词连接，故此处应用非谓语形式，bring与其逻辑主语British people之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。10why句意：这就是现在的美国人对一个季节有两个称呼的原因。表示“这就是的原因”用Thats why.，why引导表语从句。