1、2022届江苏省常州市天宁区高三上学期开学考英语试题一、听力（略）二、阅读理解：ATo-do things during your trip to AmsterdamCanal Boat TripThe UNESCO protected canal belt is the perfect image of Amsterdam. The sight is pleasing to the eyes after sundown when the bridges get lit up using fairy lights. You can consider hop on and off boats t
2、hat dock in different areas, which is a large business. There are even free passenger ferries in the northern area of the city.Coffee shopsIf you are a coffee lover, you will be pleased to visit many quiet coffee shops that combine elegance and romance. The environment is great and relaxing and you
3、may sip on a warm coffee in the beautifully-designed coffee shop which is also perfect for taking pictures. Great memories can be created here.MuseumsLocated at the Museumplein(博物馆广场)are three major museumsthe Ryksmuseum, Van Gogh Museum, and Stedelyk Museum. Regarded as the cultural heart of Amster
4、dam, the famous district can be said to be a paradise for those who love art. It has been recently restored so that it is of a world-class standard.SquareThe grand open square is full of activities throughout the day. You can encounter fantastic open-air exhibitions, markets as well as a huge paddli
5、ng pool that lets one dip their toes into it when the day is warm. When it is winter the square becomes a huge outdoor ice area.1. What do we know about Canal Boat Trip?A. It is protected by UNESCO.B. It is an ideal choice for art lovers.C. It offers a fancy bridge light show.D. It provides free fer
6、ries on every dock.2. Which place is suitable for relaxation and taking photos?A. The Canal Belt.B. A Coffee Shop.C. Van Gogh Museum.D. The Square.3. What can travelers possibly do on the square?A. Swimming in a pool.B. Appreciating great arts.C. Enjoying indoor exhibits.D. Skating outdoors in winte
7、r.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四处去阿姆斯特丹时必去的四个地方，以及它们各自的特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Canal Boat Trip部分的“The sight is pleasing to the eyes after sundown when the bridges get lit up using fairy lights.（日落后，当桥被彩色小灯照亮时，这景象令人赏心悦目。）”可知，Canal Boat Trip给游客提供了一个别致的桥灯表演。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Coffee shops部分的“The envi
8、ronment is great and relaxing and you may sip on a warm coffee in the beautifully-designed coffee shop which is also perfect for taking pictures. （这里的环境很好，很放松，你可以在设计精美的咖啡馆里小口喝一杯热咖啡，这里也是拍照的最佳选择。）”可知，A Coffee Shop适合放松和拍照。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Square部分的“When it is winter the square becomes a huge outdoor i
9、ce area.（冬天，这个广场就成了一个巨大的户外冰雪世界）”可推知，冬天游客可以在Square进行户外滑雪。故选D。BTravelerMy fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed travelers checks, and is asleep at the momentHis blue duffel(粗呢) bag lies on the floor where he dropped itObviously,
10、 he postponed as much sleep as he could: when he walked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly switched off, and he headed directly for the bed, where I imagine he beat his old record of sixteen hours. It was his first trip overseas, so weeks before it, I pressed travel books on him, and a
11、 tape cassette of useful French phrases; drew up a list of people to visit; advised him on clothing and other thingsAt the luggage store where we went to buy him a suitcase, he headed for the duffels, saying that suitcases were more for old people During the trip, he called home three times: from Lo
12、ndon, Paris, and a village named UllapoolNear Ullapool, he climbed a mountain in a rainstorm that almost blew him offIn the village, a man spoke to him in Gaelic, and, too polite to interrupt, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes, trying to nod in the right placesThe French he learned f
13、rom the cassette didnt hold water in ParisThe French he talked to shrugged and walked on. When my son called, I sat down at the kitchen table and leaned forward and hung on every word His voice came through clearly, though two of the calls were like ship-to-shore communicationWhen I interrupted him
14、with a “Great!” or a “Really?”, I knocked a little hole in his communicationSo I just sat and listened I have never listened to a telephone so attentively and with so much pleasureIt was wonderful to hear news from him that was so new to meIn my book, he was the first man to land on the moon, and I
15、knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help. The unused checks are certainly evidence of thatYouth travels lightNo suitcase, not much luggage and a slim expense account, and yet he went to the scene, and came back safelyI sit here amazedThe nigh
16、t when your child returns with dust on his shoes from a country youve never seen is a night you would gladly turn into a week4. During the trip, the authors son _.A. ran out of moneyB. had inadequate sleepC. forgot to call his motherD. failed to take good pictures5. According to the passage, which o
17、f the following could best describe the authors son?A. Polite and carelessB. Creative and stubborn.C. Considerate and independent.D. Self-centered and adventurous.6. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?A. It is important to listen to your childs story.B. Its easy to i
18、nterrupt the chat with your child.C. The author is proud of her son landing on the moon.D. The son no longer needs much help from his mother.7. What can we infer from the passage?A. Good parents should protect their children from potential dangers.B. The world is a book and those who do not travel r
19、ead only one page.C. Its a win-win choice to give a child space to experience and exploreD. Communication between parents and children is extremely important.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了作者十五岁儿子的旅行，同时介绍了旅行中所发生的事情，作者认为给予自己孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的My f
20、ifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed travelers checks, and is asleep at the moment，可知作者的儿子刚旅游回到家的蒙头大睡了，因此可推断他在旅游的过程中缺乏睡眠，故B选项正确。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的too polite to interrupt, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes，由此可推断
21、作者的儿子的其中一个性格是considerate(体贴的，考虑周全的)；又根据文章说作者的儿子自己去旅行，很多事情都一个人去处理，也可推断他是一个独立的（independent）的人。结合各个选项的意思，可知选C。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词的所在的句子中的上一句的内容In my book, he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.，可
22、知上一句所说的是作者作为家长实际上也没有给到他儿子多少的建议和意见，由此分析，可知选D正确。【7题详解】推理判断题。纵观全文，根据作者对他儿子这次去旅游之前，去的时候给家里打电话以及回来之后的一连串的分析和思考，可知作者认为给予自己孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择，故选CCA star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she was riven
23、by self-criticism. “Im at peak fitness, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” She asked.This student believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work. She has a sense that hours on the field should get her exactly where she needs to go. Many students
24、have similar mentality. When they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fail, they are crushed by self-blame. If my achievements are mine to control, they reason, my failures must be entirely my fault, too.We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have pro
25、tected them from discomfort. But there is something else at play: a false promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mindset” research, which has found that praising children for effort will increase ac
26、ademic performance. A 2018 analysis found that while praising effort over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone.One possible explanation comes from Suniya Luthar, who argued in a research paper that for teens in wealthy, pressure-cooker commun
27、ities, “it is not a lack of motivation and perseverance (毅力) that is the big problem. Instead, it is unhealthy perfectionism, and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the desire for achievements is over the top.” They push themselves onward in face of impossible goals. A 2007 study fou
28、nd that teens who refused to give up impossible goals showed higher levels of C-reaction protein, a marker of systemic inflammation (全身炎症) linked to heart disease and other medical conditions. A 2014 study showed a connection between the perfectionist tendencies and depression.The cruel reality is t
29、hat you can do everything in your power and still fail. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things dont go their way, we adults should help students pursue success in healthier ways in part by redefining failure as a feature, not a bug, of learning. At Smith College where I teach
30、, students are asked to explore how setbacks and missteps made them stronger or more effective. We would be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of sucker-punching (意外打击) us when we least expect it. Its often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.8. Why was star a
31、thlete trapped by self-blame?A. She broke down during the match.B. She didnt try her best in the match.C. She believed hard work should pay off.D. She thought she should have practiced harder.9. What can we learn from Paragraph 5?A. Lack of motivation and perseverance leads to teens failure.B. Prais
32、ing children for effort increases academic performance.C. Children struggle with failure due to parents over-protection.D. Unhealthy perfectionism causes physical and emotional stress.10. According to the author, adults should _.A. help students learn from failureB. protect students from discomfortC
33、. reward students for their hard workD. explore the cause of students failure11. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A. Effort equals achievement.B. Motivation is the key to success.C. Success is not always under control.D. Effort is more important than ability.【答案】8. C 9. D 1
34、0. A 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明“心态”的误用使年青人有了个伪命题：如果他们愿意为之工作，他们就能取得任何成就。但实际并非如此，生活会在最不经意的时候，给你打击，反而是那些经常说“事情会发生”的人站起来得最快。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Im at peak fitness, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” She asked.”，第二段开始：“This student believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her lif
35、e by virtue of her hard work.”，这位明星运动员深陷自责，她觉得她足够努力，她能通过努力来控制生活的结果，选项C：她相信努力工作就会有回报。题目问明星运动员深陷自责的原因，所以选项C切题，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段：“Instead, it is unhealthy perfectionism, and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the desire for achievements is over the top.” 相反，这是不健康的完美主义，当对成就的渴望超过巅峰时，他
36、们很难在应该退的时候退缩。“A 2007 study found that teens who refused to give up impossible goals showed higher levels of C-reaction protein, a marker of systemic inflammation (全身炎症) linked to heart disease and other medical conditions. A 2014 study showed a connection between the perfectionist tendencies and dep
37、ression.”，2007年和2014年的研究表明拒绝放弃不可能的目标会产生心脏病以及其它医学相关的炎症，抑郁与此有关。选项D：不健康的完美主义会导致身体和情感压力。所以，从第五段可以知道的研究结论是选项D切题，故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。最后一段：“we adults should help students pursue success in healthier ways in part by redefining failure as a feature, not a bug, of learning.” 我们成年人应该帮助学生以更健康的方式追求成功，将失败重新定义为学习的一个特
38、征，而不是错误。选项A是要帮助学生从失败中学习，所以选项A切题，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。文中作者用了研究结论来说明：“The cruel reality is that you can do everything in your power and still fail.”，残酷的现实是，你可以尽你所能，仍然失败。所以可以推测出作者同意的观点是：付出未必总是有回报，选项C：成功并不总是在控制之下。选项C切题，故选C。DMost of the 500 whales stranded (搁浅)off Tasmania have now died. Dozens more stricken
39、 whales have been found in Australias largest ever mass stranding.The estimated total now stands at around 500, with the majority of that number dead and a tenth rescued by authorities on the Island state of Tasmania. Experts believe all of the animals would have been part of one large group. Offici
40、als began working to rescue survivors among an estimated 270 whales found on Monday on a beach and two sandbars near the remote coastal town of Strahan. Then another 200 whales were spotted from a helicopter on Wednesday less than 10 kilometres (six miles) to the south.All 200 had been confirmed dea
41、d by late afternoon. They were among the 380 whales that have died overall, with estimates from earlier today suggesting that 30 that were alive but stranded and 50 had been rescued since Tuesday, Mr Deka, Wildlife Service manager explained. He added,“Well continue to work to free as many of the ani
42、mals as we can.Well continue working as long as there are live animals.”It is not known what caused the animals to run aground. While stranding events are not unheard of, they are very rare in such large numbers. About 30 whales in the original stranding were moved from the sandbars to open ocean on
43、 Tuesday, but several got stranded again. About a third of the first group had died by Monday evening.Australias largest mass stranding had previously been 320 pilot whales near the Western Australian town of Dunsborough in 1996.This weeks incident is the first involving more than 500 whales in Tasm
44、ania since 2009.Marine Conservation Programme wildlife biologist Kris Carlyon said the latest mass stranding was the biggest in Australia in terms of numbers stranded and died.Marine scientist Vanessa Pirotta said there were a number of potential reasons why whales might become beached, including na
45、vigational errors.She explained, “They do have a very strong social system; these animals are closely bonded and thats why we have seen so many in this case unfortunately in this situation.Rescuing them does not always work, because they are wanting to return back to the group, they might hear the s
46、ounds that the others are making, or theyre just disoriented and, in this case, extremely stressed, and just probably so exhausted that they in some cases dont know where they are.” she added.12. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?A. 270 whales were rescued on Monday.B. 380 whales were fo
47、und dead on Tuesday.C. 500 whales were found stranded and dead.D. 200 whales spotted from a helicopter were dead.13. Why did Kris Carlyon say this event is the biggest in Australia?A Rescue work is not done in time.B. The number of the death is large.C. The cause of the event is still a mystery.D. T
48、here was no other similar event in recent years.14. Which of the following is Not the cause of the stranding of the whales?A. Navigational errors.B. Overhunting of the human beings.C. Whales group living style.D. Whales confusion and exhaustion.15. Where does this passage possibly come from?A. A new
49、spaper.B. A magazine.C. A textbook.D. A travel brochure.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛发现的一次大规模的鲸鱼搁浅事件并分析了鲸鱼搁浅可能存在的原因。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Then another 200 whales were spotted from a helicopter on Wednesday less than 10 kilometres (six miles) to the south. All 200 had been
50、confirmed dead by late afternoon”(周三，在距离南极不到10公里的地方，一架直升机发现了200头鲸鱼，截止下午晚些时候，所有这200头鲸鱼都已确认死亡。)可知从直升机上发现的200头鲸鱼已死亡，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “Marine Conservation Programme wildlife biologist Kris Carlyon said the latest mass stranding was the biggest in Australia in terms of numbers stranded and died.”(
51、海洋保护项目野生动物生物学家Kris Carlyon说，就搁浅和死亡的数量而言，最近这次搁浅是澳大利亚最大规模的一次。)可知，本次事件成为澳大利亚最大的鲸鱼搁浅事件的原因是死亡数量之大，故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 “Marine scientist Vanessa Pirotta said there were a number of potential reasons why whales might become beached, including navigational errors.She explained, “They do have a very stron
52、g social system; these animals are closely bonded and thats why we have seen so many in this case unfortunately in this situation.Rescuing them does not always work, because they are wanting to return back to the group, they might hear the sounds that the others are making, or theyre just disoriente
53、d and, in this case, extremely stressed, and just probably so exhausted that they in some cases dont know where they are.” she added.”(海洋科学家瓦内萨皮罗塔说，鲸鱼可能会搁浅的原因有很多，包括航海错误。她解释说：“它们确实有一个非常强大的社会体系；这些动物是紧密结合在一起的，这就是为什么我们在这个案例中看到了这么多不幸的例子情况。救援它们并不总是凑效，因为它们想回到团队中，它们可能会听到其他人发出的声音，或者他们只是迷失方向，在这种情况下，压力非常大，可能是因
54、为太累了，有时候甚至不知道自己在哪里。)可知，导航误差、群居习惯以及困惑和疲惫都是鲸鱼搁浅的可能原因，而文中并没有提到人类的过度捕捞，故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛发现的一次大规模的鲸鱼搁浅事件，是一件时事新闻报道，最有可能出现在报纸上，故选A。二、七选五：Childhood is an important period of social development, particularly in the formation of social identity, which is how we perceive our various ro
55、les in society in relation to others. _16_If a child is very shy and withdrawn, its likely that other children will pick up on that childs social cues(暗示)andleave them alone,thus confirming the childs social identity as shy and withdrawn.” In turn, the child may become upset, trying to break free fr
56、om that identity._17_The more people identify with(认同) a particular group, the more that group plays a role in shaping how people feel about themselves. Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities. _18_Not all children who experience threats to
57、 their social identity will experience depression. _19_For example, a child who only sees himself as a star soccer player may experience discomfort and a sense of loss if he suddenly becomes injured and is unable to play soccer anymore. The child may lose his status as a star athlete, which opens th
58、e door for depression.How can a childs identity be supported? As an adult, you can acknowledge what and who is important to them. Try not to place too much emphasis on any one single social role. _20_Whats more, if you notice that a child is losing interest in activities they once loved, or other be
59、haviors that show they are feeling depressed, seek advice from their mental health providers.A. Social identity allows people to be part of groups.B. In fact,the child may hide their negative side and try to fit in.C. Our social identities are often influenced by people around us.D. Instead,encourag
60、e them to try new and different things in life.E. Only those with a limited number of social roles are more at risk.F. So gaining status within the group can help people develop a sense of belonging.G. Why does a child feel depressed without being noticed by their parents or teachers?【答案】16. C 17. A
61、 18. F 19. E 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文为主要论述了群体对塑造个人的社会认同方面的作用和影响，以及如何帮助孩子建立社会认同。16题详解】根据下文“If a child is very shy and withdrawn, its likely that other children will pick up on that childs social cues and leave them alone,thus confirming the childs social identity as “shy and withdrawn.” In turn, the c
62、hild may become upset, trying to break free from that identity. (如果一个孩子非常害羞和孤僻，那么其他孩子很可能会注意到这个孩子的社交暗示而不去理睬他们，从而确认孩子的社会身份是“害羞和孤僻”。反过来，孩子可能会变得不安，试图摆脱这种身份)”可知，用具体例子说别的孩子对那个害羞孤僻的孩子的行为会影响那个孩子，使他不安。由此可知，设空处应谈到了社会认同感常常受他人的影响，C选项“Our social identities are often influenced by people around us.(我们的社会认同常常受周围人的
63、影响)”切题。故选C项。【17题详解】下一句“The more people identify with a particular group, the more that group plays a role in shaping how people feel about themselves.Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities. (人们对某个特定群体的认同度越高，这个群体在塑造人们对自己的看法方面所起的作用就越大，成为这个群体
64、的一员对于人们如何看待自己和他们的能力变得很重要。)”阐述了人们越认同一个特定的群体，这个群体就越影响他们对自己的感知。因此，该段强调个人和群体间的关系，个人的看法受到群体社会认同的的影响很大。因此，A项“Social identity allows people to be part of groups.(社会认同让人们成为群体的一份子) ”切题，该选项中的“part of groups”与下文中的“a member of”相呼应。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Being a member of that group becomes important for how people rega
65、rd themselves and their abilities.(成为这个群体的一员对于人们如何看待自己和他们的能力变得很重要)”阐述了作为群体的一员对于人们如何看待自己以及自己的能力变得很重要，由此可知，设空处主要强调群体对个人的影响和作用。因此，F选项“So gaining status within the group can help people develop a sense of belonging.(因此，在群体中获得地位可以帮助人们建立归属感)”切题，该选项句意承接上文，且其中的“within the group”与上文中“Being a member of that g
66、roup”相呼应。故选F项。【19题详解】上一句“Not all children who experience threats to their social identity will experience depression.(并不是所有经历过社会认同受到威胁的孩子都会经历抑郁)”阐述了不是所有孩子都会因社会认同受到威胁而难过，该空后“For example, a child who only sees himself as a star soccer player may experience discomfort and a sense of loss if he suddenly
67、 becomes injured and is unable to play soccer anymore.(例如，一个只把自己看成是足球明星的孩子，如果突然受伤，不能再踢足球，他可能会感到不适和失落感)”描述的是一个因社会认同受到威胁而难过的孩子可知，该空选E项“Only those with a limited number of social roles are more at risk.(只有那些社会角色数量有限的人更容易受到威胁)”承上启下。故选E项。【20题详解】上一句“Try not to place too much emphasis on any one single soc
68、ial role.(尽量不要过分强调任何一个社会角色。)”可知，此处阐述了不要过多强调某一个单一的社会角色，该空处应该承接上文，继续阐述应该怎样去做，因此，D选项“Instead,encourage them to try new and different things in life.(而是鼓励他们在生活中尝试不同的新事物) ”切题，该选项中的“try”与上一句中的“try”相呼应。故选D项。三、完形填空：When my children were teenagers, I _21_ a fridge magnet with what was said to be a First Nati
69、on or Native American prayer. I _22_ it on the door of our refrigerator in full view. I found the words to be meaningful and hoped they would teach my children to have more patience and be more _23_ of others.Although my children are _24_ now, with homes of their own. Ive kept the magnet on our frid
70、ge door for the past twenty-five years. During that time, Ive often found that the _25_ has helped me see situations from a different perspective.For example, a number of years ago, I was on my way to a farewell function with several colleagues. As we were leaving the office, we _26_ our other colle
71、ague, Wendy, who had previously planned to attend the event with us. I asked Wendy if she wanted us to wait for her, and she responded in a fairly rude manner, _27_ our invitation. One of my other colleagues was quite annoyed about Wendys behavior. “I dont know why you even _28_ to invite her,” she
72、said. _29_ on how tired Wendy appeared as she rushed away from us, I commented that perhaps we should just give Wendy a _30_ and forgive her for being rude at the last minute. She was _31_ having a bad day, and it wasnt worth holding a grudge (怨恨) against her if we werent aware of what caused her un
73、usual behavior.A week later, I learned that when we came across Wendy, she was returning to the office from a medical appointment _32_ she was told she had pancreatic cancer. She died a year later. Wendy wasnt being rude to us; she had just received a very _33_ diagnosis.Whether its a family member
74、who let me down, a friend who _34_ a confidence, or a difficult colleague, the quote on my fridge guided me. Although its not always easy to forgive, Ive been able to _35_ a lot of grudge over the years by focusing on my mantra.21. A. missedB. lostC. purchasedD. sold22. A. spottedB. carriedC. droppe
75、dD. placed23. A. carefulB. forgivingC. proudD. confident24. A. workersB. parentsC. seniorsD. adults25. A. dreamB. messageC. targetD. relief26. A. bumped intoB. saw offC. knocked downD. dealt with27. A. demandingB. acceptingC. decliningD. delaying28. A. daredB. botheredC. expectedD. afforded29. A. Re
76、flectingB. CountingC. LookingD. Concentrating30. A. breakB. blowC. presentD. lesson31. A. suddenlyB. apparentlyC. passivelyD. naturally32. A. whatB. thatC. whereD. which33. A. confusingB. shockingC. unusualD. casual34. A. builtB. lostC. betrayedD. possessed35. A. get rid ofB. break throughC. come ab
77、outD. take down【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者买了一块冰箱贴，上面的祷告词很有意义，作者希望它可以教会自己的孩子多点耐心，多宽容他人。多年来这句话也一直指引着作者，使作者摆脱了很多怨恨。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的孩子十几岁的时候，我买了一块冰箱磁力贴，上面写着据说是第一民族或美国原住民的祈祷词。A. missed失去；B. lost丢失；C. purchas
78、ed购买；D. sold出售。根据下文“it on the door of our refrigerator in full view”可知，作者把它放在了自家冰箱的门上，从而推知，此处指作者购买了这个冰箱贴。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它贴冰箱门上，一眼便能看得到。A. spotted发现；B. carried携带；C. dropped使落下；D. placed放置。根据上文“fridge magnet”以及下文“on the door of our refrigerator”可推知，此处指作者购买了冰箱贴，并且将其放置在了冰箱门上，即贴在了上面。故选D项。【23题详
79、解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这些话很有意义，希望它们能教会我的孩子们多点耐心，更加宽容他人。A. careful仔细的；B. forgiving宽容的；C. proud自豪的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“teach my children to have more patience and be more”以及下文“of others”可推知，此处指作者希望冰箱贴上的话能教会她的孩子们多点耐心，对别人更加宽容。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的孩子们现在已经长大成人，有了自己的家。A. workers工人；B. parents父母；C. senior
80、s较年长者；D. adults成年人。根据下文“with homes of their own”可推知，作者的孩子们已经有了自己的家，所以应该已经成为了大人。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我经常发现这个信息帮助我从不同的角度看待各种情况。A. dream梦；B. message信息；C. target目标；D. relief减轻。根据上文“Ive kept the magnet on our fridge door for the past twenty-five years.”以及下文“has helped me see situations”可推知，此处指冰
81、箱贴上的话所传达的信息给了作者帮助。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们离开办公室时，我们碰到了另一位同事Wendy，她原本计划和我们一起参加这次活动。A. bumped into碰到；B. saw off锯掉；C. knocked down击倒；D. dealt with处理。根据下文“who had previously planned to attend the event with us. I asked Wendy if she wanted us to wait for her”可推知，此处指作者正和几个同事离开办公室的时候遇到了另一位同事Wendy。故选A项。2
82、7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问Wendy是否要我们等她，她回答得相当粗鲁，拒绝了我们的邀请。A. demanding要求；B. accepting接受；C. declining拒绝；D. delaying延期。根据上文“she responded in a fairly rude manner”可知，Wendy回答得相当粗鲁，从而推知，她拒绝了作者的邀请。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不知道你为什么要费心邀请她，”她说。A. dared敢于；B. bothered花费时间精力（做某事）；C. expected期望；D. afforded负担得起。根据上文“One
83、of my other colleagues was quite annoyed about Wendys behavior.”可推知，作者的另一位同事对Wendy的行为很生气，所以不理解作者为什么要花费精力邀请Wendy。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回想Wendy从我们身边跑开时显得多么疲惫，我评论说，也许我们应该让Wendy休息一下，原谅她在最后一刻的粗鲁无礼。A. Reflecting反映；B. Counting数；C. Looking看；D. Concentrating聚精会神。根据下文“how tired Wendy appeared as she rushed
84、away from us”可推知，此处指现在回想起刚才发生的事情，短语“reflect on”意为“回想”。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想Wendy从我们身边跑开时显得多么疲惫，我评论说，也许我们应该让Wendy休息一下，原谅她在最后一刻的粗鲁无礼。A. break休息；B. blow挫折；C. present礼物；D. lesson课程。根据上文“how tired Wendy appeared as she rushed away from us”可知，Wendy看起来非常疲惫，所以此处指作者认为应该让她休息一下。故选A项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：很明显
85、，她今天过得很糟糕，如果我们不知道是什么导致了她的反常行为，那么怨恨她是不应该的。A. suddenly突然地；B. apparently显然地；C. passively被动地；D. naturally自然地。根据上文“she responded in a fairly rude manner, declining our invitation”以及“how tired Wendy appeared as she rushed away from us”可推知，此处指，Wendy今天过得显然很糟糕。故选B项。【32题详解】考查定语从句中的关系词辨析。句意：一周后，我得知，当我们遇到Wendy时
86、，她正从一次医疗预约回到办公室，在那里她被告知患有胰腺癌。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为“medical appointment”，从句中缺少地点状语，应该用关系副词where引导。故选C项。33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Wendy并没有对我们无礼；她刚刚收到一份令人震惊的诊断报告。A. confusing困惑的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. casual随便的。分析可知，根据上文“she was told she had pancreatic cancer”可推知，Wendy收到一份令人震惊的诊断报告。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动
87、词词义辨析。句意：不管是让我失望的家庭成员，泄露秘密的朋友，还是难缠的同事，我冰箱上的这句话都引导着我。A. built建立；B. lost失去；C. betrayed背叛；D. possessed持有。根据上文“a family member who let me down”以及下文“a difficult colleague”可推知，设空处应与上下文的感情色彩一致，所以此处指泄露秘密的朋友。固定搭配“betray a confidence”意为“泄露秘密”。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然原谅并不总是那么容易，但这些年来，我通过专注于我的祷告词，已经摆脱了很多怨恨。A.
88、 get rid of摆脱；B. break through突破；C. come about发生；D. take down取下。根据上文“Although its not always easy to forgive”可推知，此处表示转折，此处指虽然很难，但是作者依旧通过遵循冰箱上的祷告词，摆脱了很多怨恨。故选A项。四、语法填空：语法填空It took two years to complete the design work for the Chinese Olympic delegations entry uniform. After several rounds of selection
89、s and _36_ (evaluate), final uniform designs with the theme of making a good start were _37_ (official) confirmed in March last year. _38_ the appearance of the athletes is a focus of the opening ceremony, an eye-catching color like red is a top choice, especially since it is the primary shade in Ch
90、inas national flag, _39_ symbolizes energy, passion and joy in traditional Chinese culture. White represents brightness, purity and divinity. The combination of red and white makes an auspicious (吉祥) statement _40_ (echo) the theme of the design: making a good start.Color along with graphics can con
91、vey the visual characteristics of a country and express a more _41_ (accuracy) national image. The hem (下摆) of the white dress for female athletes _42_ (feature) Chinas national flower, the peony, and the source for the pattern was drawn _43_ a Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) peony bowl, representative of
92、traditional Chinese aesthetics. The design of the mens shirts is inspired by the five-star graphic pattern of Chinas national flag. It reflects the desire of the Chinese Olympic team _44_ (fight) together for national honor. Professor He Yang, one of the designers behind the uniform, said that one o
93、f the considerations during the design process was _45_ the uniform should display the traditional Chinese cultural character in an intelligible and identifiable way. We need to strike a balance between cultural representation, etiquette and the spirit of modern Chinese sportsmen, he said.【答案】36. ev
94、aluations 37. officially 38. As#Because#Since 39. which 40. echoing 41. accurate 42. features 43. from 44. to fight 45. whether【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥运会制服的设计特点和背后想要传达的理念。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：经过多次选拔和评价，去年3月正式确定了以“开个好头”为主题的最终制服设计。此处作宾语，表示“评价”应用名词evaluation，结合上文selections and可知用复数。故填evaluations。【37题详解】考查副词。
95、句意：经过多次选拔和评价，去年3月正式确定了以“开个好头”为主题的最终制服设计。修饰动词confirm应用副词officially。故填officially。【38题详解】考查状语从句。句意：由于运动员的出场是开幕式的焦点，像红色这样引人注目的颜色是首选，特别是因为它是中国国旗的主色调，在中国传统文化中象征着活力、热情和欢乐。引导原因状语从句，表示“由于”应用as/because/since，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As/Because/Since。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于运动员的出场是开幕式的焦点，像红色这样引人注目的颜色是首选，特别是因为它是中国国旗的主色调，在中国传统文化
96、中象征着活力、热情和欢乐。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词an eye-catching color，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：红色和白色的组合构成了一个吉祥的声明，呼应了设计的主题：开了个好头。分析句子结构可知echo在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语statement构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填echoing。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：色彩配合图形可以传达一个国家的视觉特征，更准确地表达国家形象。修饰名词image应用形容词accurate，作定语。故填accurate。【42题详解】考查时
97、态。句意：女运动员穿的白色旗袍的下摆以中国的国花牡丹花为特色，图案来源于明代（13681644）的牡丹花碗，代表了中国传统美学。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语The hem of the white dress for female athletes为单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填features。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：女运动员穿的白色旗袍的下摆以中国的国花牡丹花为特色，图案来源于明代（13681644）的牡丹花碗，代表了中国传统美学。结合句意表示“来源于”可知短语为be drawn from。故填from。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这反映了中国奥运代表队为国家荣誉而战的
98、愿望。分析句子结构可知fight在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作后置定语修饰desire，应用不定式。故填to fight。【45题详解】考查表语从句。句意：该制服的设计者之一贺阳教授表示，在设计过程中考虑的一个问题是，该制服是否应该以一种易于理解和识别的方式展示中国传统文化特征。引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。五、应用文写作：46. 新高考全国卷中的新作文题型读后续写对大部分同学来说极具挑战性，请你以高三学生李华的身份给外教Helen写一封信，咨询她关于读后续写的建议。内容包括：1. 写信原因；2. 题型简介；3. 你的困难。注意：1. 词
99、数80词左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Helen,_Sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Helen,I m writing to ask for your advice on my English study.Our new writing task, called continuation writing”, requires us to write a reasonable ending to an incomplete story were given. Obviously, this is a very open-ended task with m
100、ultiple possibilities. While I enjoy the creativity of this task, I find it challenging to identify the plot points of interest and to give my version the best possible ending. I also have trouble expressing my ideas accurately due to my limited vocabulary.Any advice would be greatly appreciated. Lo
101、oking forward to your reply. Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Helen写一封信，咨询她关于读后续写的建议。【详解】1.词汇积累建议：suggestionadvice要求：demandrequire显然：apparentlyobviously由于：because ofdue to2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Our new writing task, called continuation writing”, requires us to write a reasonable ending to an incomple
102、te story were given.拓展句：Our new writing task, which is called continuation writing”, requires us to write a reasonable ending to an incomplete story were given.【点睛】高分句型1 Our new writing task, called continuation writing”, requires us to write a reasonable ending to an incomplete story were given. (运
103、用了过去分词作定语)高分句型2 While I enjoy the creativity of this task, I find it challenging to identify the plot points of interest and to give my version the best possible ending. (运用了while引导让步状语从句)六、读后续写：47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。续写的词数150字左右。We often take for granted the very things that most
104、deserve our gratitude.Growing up, I wanted to be just like my mom. Kind and caring, she always seemed to make people comfortable in her presence. For years she was a volunteer in our community. I loved going to the local nursing home to help with her until I hit my preteen years. Suddenly, I was too
105、 caught up in my adolescent world to worry about helping others.One particular summer day when I was twelve, Mom came into my room and told me to get up and meet her at the car. I had planned to spend the day at the lake with friends. Why did she have to ruin everything? Eventually, I made my way ou
106、tside. I imagined the lake water cooling my skin. Annoyed, I climbed into the car and slammed the door shut. I sat in silence, too upset to make a conversation.“Tasha, would you like to know where we are going?” Mom asked calmly.“I guess,” I murmured under my breath.“Sweetheart, we are going to a ch
107、ildrens shelter, I have been there before and I think it would benefit you,” she explained.I felt a knot slowly form in my stomach. How was I supposed to help there?When we reached the shelter, I was rather surprised. It was a large white Victorian home. As we approached the large front porch, wind
108、bells played a calming tune while trees and blossoms welcomed us. Maybe this wasnt going to be so bad.Mom rang the doorbell. The door flew open and we were led to the front room, where all of the children were playing. Toys were spread out across the floor. I noticed a baby whose body was scarred wi
109、th wounds. The majority of the children had noticeable physical scars（伤疤） such as cuts, scratches and burns. What a terrible life they had before they moved here! My heart sank.As I was looking around, I felt a gentle pull on my shirt._I returned to the shelter with Mom several times._【答案】As I was L
110、ooking around, I felt a gentle pull on my shirt. I looked down to see a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me. Her angelic face beamed, though, as I could see, there were some scars on her little arms. “Hi. Im Ashley. You wanna play dolls with me?” she asked. I looked over and saw Mom nodding
111、 to me with a smile. I bent toward Ashley and whispered, “Sure. Id love to.” Her tiny hand reached up and took mine, and we walked toward the doll house. Our time together brought her great joy and fun and she also made my day.I returned to the shelter with Mom several times. During those visits, so
112、me of the children including Ashley shared their troubled pasts with me in great detail. I felt sore for what had happened to them and treasured the friendship between us. I would like to do everything in my power to help the children there. At the same time, I learned to be grateful for all that I
113、had. It was a profound time in my young life that I will never forget. It was Mom who taught me the valuable lesson that summer.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达考查读后续写。短文叙述了作者想成为妈妈那样的人。她心地善良，富有同情心，在她面前总能让人感到很舒服。多年来，她一直是社区的志愿者。作者喜欢去当地的养老院帮助她，直到作者十几岁。突然间，作者太沉迷于自己的世界，而无暇顾及帮助别人。有一天，妈妈拉着极不情愿的作者去了一家儿童庇护所。【详解】1通读全文，读懂原文。通读全文
114、首先要解决好五个W和一个H的问题， 即理清人物who、地点where、时间when、事件what、原因why及怎样发展how。2构思情节，谋篇布局。按照原文中事件发生的逻辑性，构思好情节发展，发展须符合情节内在的逻辑。应该符合现实发生的真实性。第一段围绕“我”与小女孩的互动展开描写；第二段续写围绕着“我”从这些活动的受益展开描写。3理清逻辑，优化语言。这一部分侧重点为语言逻辑，写作不必追求高大上的词汇，相反，朴实自然、地道、贴切的词语便是好的词语不同的写作对象应采用不同的语言风格，必须采用适当的描写侧重点续写要抓住续这一核心，按照情节的发展进行延续，写作手法上必须以叙为主，描写上以动作描写为重心，情节的发展合乎逻辑地推进。【点睛】续写部分描写详略得当，且使用了大量高级词汇和高级句子，如 I looked down to see a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.使用了with+宾语+宾语补足语结构；I felt sore for what had happened to them and treasured the friendship between us.使用了宾语从句，长句子为文章增色不少。