1、Day 12七选五阅读AVAR technology has been used in U.S. sports for years. Now it is fully combined with the global game of soccer and made its debut(首次亮相) at the 2018 World Cup this summer. _1_. It is actually a team who work together to review certain decisions made by the main referee by watching video r
2、eplays.The VAR team supported the referees from a centralised video room. The operators selected and provided the best angles from the relevant broadcast cameras plus two additional offside cameras. _2_. They will communicate with the referees only for clear and obvious errors or serious missed inci
3、dents. The referee can delay the restart of play at any time to communicate with the VAR team. _3_, the referee would start an official review. Then they will make a decision based on the information received from the VAR team._4_. Some fans believe that VAR causes too many interruptions, disrupting
4、 the flow of the game. But others just want a fair match and to see the correct call no matter what. They argue disruptions already take place as angry players crowd around a referee following a controversial decision. _5_. With much money put into modern football, governing bodies are now under gre
5、at pressure to see that the correct decisions are made on the pitch and VAR is a sure step in that.A.If one team is likely to win a gameB.VAR stands for video assistant refereeC.It is hard to avoid and VAR is necessaryD.Once they decide an incident is reviewableE.Throughout a match they are constant
6、ly checking for mistakesF.The use of video technology is a hot topic among football watchersG.VAR can serve to remove such scenes and get the game moving againBYou may have heard of the word “pub” . It is short for public house. There are around 60,000 pubs in the U.K. One of the oldest pubs，Ye Olde
7、 Fighting Cocks in St. Albans，Hertfordshire，is located in a building that dates back to the eleventh century._1_ People talk，eat，drink，meet their friends and relax there. Pubs often have two bars，one usually quieter than the other，and many have a garden where people can sit in summer. Children can g
8、o into pub gardens with their parents.Groups of friends normally buy “rounds” of drinks._2_ It is sometimes difficult to get served when pubs are busy：The bar staff will usually serve those who have been waiting the longest at the bar first.Most pubs offer a complete range of beers，local and importe
9、d，with German，Belgian and French beers being in demand._3_ As a matter of fact，pubs sell soft drinks，too.The legal age to purchase alcohol is 18 in the UK. People aged 16 and 17，with the licenses permission，may have only one glass of wine during a meal._4_ It is illegal to sell alcohol to someone wh
10、o already appears drunk. A fourteen-year-old may enter a pub unaccompanied by an adult if he orders a meal. Children may enter a pub with their parents until 9 pm.，which lets families enjoy reasonably priced pub meals together. _5_Customs in British pubs differ from those in American bars. In most p
11、ubs in the U.K.，you must go to the bar to order drinks and food and pay for your purchases immediately.A. British people like drinking beers in pubs.B. Pubs are an important part of British life.C. But they must be with an adult and the adult orders it.D. In the salon bar the atmosphere is quieter a
12、nd there are fewer people.E. And it also allows pubs to play their traditional roles as community centers.F. The person whose turn it is will buy drinks for all the members of the group.G. Most people might think pubs are places where people simply drink alcohol.CFive steps to better handwritingSome
13、 kids love handwriting, but others hate it when its time to put pen to paper. Maybe they are worried about their handwriting. Are you one of them? _1_Here are five steps that really work!Get a great graspTry this hold your pencil at the top and try to write your name. Pretty hard? But when you hold
14、your pencil the correct way, writing is much easier. _2_Hold it in place with your thumb(拇指), and your index and middle fingers.Let the lines be your guideLined paper is your friend! Those lines can help you create letters that are of the right size and proportion (比例). _3_Also be sure to fill up th
15、e lined space completely. Those capital letters should be from the bottom line to the top one.Slow downIf your writing is hard to read, try slowing down a little. If you rush, its hard to control where you stop and start your letters.Lower the pressure (压力)_4_That makes it harder to make the smooth
16、lines. Try relaxing and dont hold the pencil too hard._5_Lots of games need you to write or draw pictures. So even though its not schoolwork, youre still using the skills you need to control your pencil better.A. Play gamesB. Ask for adviceC. Youve been writing since you were a little kid.D. So“a”sh
17、ould be half the height of a capital“A”.E. Some kids press down really hard when they write.F. The best way to hold a pencil is to rest it next to the base of your thumb.G. The good news is that just about everyone can improve their handwriting.DBeing a VolunteerWhat can you do to help people? The a
18、nswer is to be a volunteer! Then what is the common opinion of volunteering? _1_Help yourself by helping others._2_Its amazing to know that volunteering can calm you down when you feel upset. Lots of people really enjoy volunteering, because doing volunteer work could make a big difference in their
19、life. So where do you start? School is a good place to start if you are looking for volunteer ideas._3_Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family. Talk to your parents, brothers, or sisters and see what they might be interested in. Find something you all agree on. You can do the things
20、 as a family like cleaning up a park and planting trees or flowers in your local community(社区).Create your own opportunity for your future.Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services. You can make and sell products, and donate(捐赠) the money._4_Volunteering can also
21、 help kids learn important things about their future like what kinds of things they will be best at. A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up. _5_Make a plan to start volunteering today!A. So what are you waiting for?B. Things to do with family members.C.
22、 Clean up a school or other public buildings.D. Volunteering gives kids a sense of responsibility.E. Why dont you choose to do a job you like best?F. Volunteering means spending time in helping others.G. When you volunteer to help others, you are helping yourself.答案A【答案解析】 1. B 2. E 3. D 4. F 5. G【分
23、析】本文为应用说明文。VAR技术已在美国体育界应用多年。现在，它已与全球足球赛充分结合，并在今年夏天的2018年世界杯上首次亮相（第一次亮相）。VAR意为视频助理裁判，实际上他们通过观看录像回放，共同审查主裁判做出的某些决定并确保在球场上做出正确的决定。【1题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上下文的内容可知，下一句中的“it”指的是VAR。那么下一句就是对VAR的解释。根据下一句“实际上，这是一个团队，他们通过观看录像回放，共同审查主裁判做出的某些决定”。由此可知VAR就是帮助主裁判来做出正确的决定，即裁判助理。分析选项可知B项（VAR就是视频频助理裁判）与此句意义一致。选项中的有
24、词如“video ”、“referee”的复现，故选B项。【2题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空格后的“他们仅限于有明显错误或严重遗漏事件时与裁判沟通”。分析选项可知，E项（在整个比赛中，他们不断地检查错误）二者的意义一致。放入文中，检测可知符合题意，故选E。【3题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的内容“裁判员将开始正式审查。然后，他们将根据从VAR团队收到的信息做出决定”。可知，是先决定审查，才会正式审查，并根据VAR的信息做出决定。分析选项可知D项（一旦他们决定可以审查事件）符合题意，故D项。【4题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本题是位于段首。分析本
25、段的内容可知，有的球迷认为VAR是对比赛的干扰，有的认为无论怎样，只要公平比赛。可知VAR引起了人们的关注。分析选项可知F项（视频技术的使用是足球观看者们的热门话题。）与此意义一致，故选F项。【5题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一句“They argue disruptions already take place as angry players crowd around a referee following a controversial decision.”。最后的一句“the correct decisions are made on the pitch and VA
26、R is a sure step in that.” 他们认为，有争议的决定之后，愤怒的球员们聚集在裁判周围，干扰发生了。要确保在球场上做出正确的决定，VAR是其中的一个可靠步骤。可判断出“就可以利用VAR的回放比赛，就可以观看比赛重新做出裁决”。故G项（可以回放这些场景，重新观看比赛）符合题意，故G项。【点睛】七选五把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系和握微观信息间关联性即空格前后句间关系。 该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。这种题一般可从以下方面来做：（1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的
27、主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项。正确选项的特点：复现，包括同义反复，反义反复。如第1小题。根据上下文的内容可知，下一句
28、中的“it”指的是VAR。那么下一句就是对VAR的解释。根据下一句“实际上，这是一个团队，他们通过观看录像回放，共同审查主裁判做出的某些决定”。由此可知VAR就是帮助主裁判来做出正确的决定，即裁判助理。分析选项可知B项（VAR就是视频频助理裁判）与此句意义一致。选项中的有词如“video ”、“referee”的复现，故选B项。（4）若问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。如：小题4详解位于句首。分析本段的内容可知，有的球迷认为VAR是对比赛的干扰，有的认为无论怎样，只要公平比赛。可知VAR引起了人们的关注。分析选项
29、可知F项（视频技术的使用是足球观看者们的热门话题。）与此意义一致，故选F项。B【答案解析】 1. B 2. F 3. G 4. C5. E【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍英国的酒吧以及酒吧的历史。【1题详解】空处为段落主题句。从文章第二段尤其是空后一句可知，英国人的生活离不开酒馆，因此B项“酒馆在英国人的生活中扮演着重要的角色”能够概括本段。故选B。【2题详解】根据空前的“Groups of friends normally buyroundsof drinks”可知，一群朋友通常会轮流买酒。所以F选项“指轮到谁，谁就要为这群朋友里的每个成员买酒”符合语境与前文话题一致。故选F。【3题详解】下
30、文提到酒馆也销售不含酒精的饮料。故G项“大多数人可能认为酒馆只是人们喝酒的地方”符合语境。承接下文。故选G。【4题详解】在英国，购买酒的合法年龄是18岁。16岁和17岁的孩子在有许可证的情况下，(在酒馆)一顿饭只能喝一杯葡萄酒；再结合下文中的“unaccompanied by an adult”可推知，C项“但是他们得有成年人陪伴而且由成年人点酒”符合语境。与前文为转折关系。故选C。【5题详解】空处为段落结尾句。根据空前内容可知，孩子可以和父母在酒馆待到晚上9点，这让家人可以享受定价合理的晚餐。故F选项“它还允许酒吧发挥其作为社区中心的传统作用”符合语境，承接上文。故选E。C【答案解析】 1.
31、 G 2. F 3. D4. E 5. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了提高书写质量的五个步骤。【1题详解】由“Maybe they are worried about their handwriting. Are you one of them? _1_Here are five steps that really work!”可知，也许他们担心自己的书写。你是他们中的一员吗?这里有五个真的很有用的步骤。所以小题1要起到承上启下的作用。故G选项“好消息是，几乎每个人都可以提高他们的书写”切题。故选G项。【2题详解】由“ Hold it in place with your thumb(拇
32、指), and your index and middle fingers.”可知，用拇指、食指和中指将其固定到位。所以小题2与后一句一同来说明如何正确地拿笔。故F选项“拿铅笔最好的方法是把它放在拇指底部”切题。故选F项。【3题详解】由“Those lines can help you create letters that are of the right size and proportion (比例)”可知，这些线条可以帮助写出大小和比例合适的字母。所以小题3要举例说明这些线在书写时的作用。故D选项“所以“a”应该是大写字母“A”的一半高”切题。故选D项。【4题详解】由“That mak
33、es it harder to make the smooth lines”可知，这样就很难画出平滑的线条。所以小题4要说明哪种情况导致很难画出平滑的线条。故E选项“有些孩子写字的时候很用力”切题。故选E项。【5题详解】由“Lots of games need you to write or draw pictures. So even though its not schoolwork, youre still using the skills you need to control your pencil better”可知，很多游戏都需要你去写或者画画。所以即使这不是作业，你仍然在使用你
34、需要的技能来更好地控制你的铅笔。所以本段主要在说明玩游戏也可以帮助你提高书写质量也就是小题5本段的标题所要说明的内容。故A选项“玩游戏”切题。故选A项。D【答案解析】 1. F2. G 3. B 4. D 5. A【分析】本篇讲的是关于志愿服务，文章结构清晰，是总分结构。第一句话总领全文，引出主题：我们常人能够做些什么来帮助那些需要帮助的人？紧接着说出志愿服务是不二之选。后几个小标题则分别就怎样做志愿服务展开详细讨论【1题详解】本句在文章的开头，可以推测出该句子是一个能够概括本文中心且起到承上启下的作用。又根据该空前面的The answer is-to be a volunteer（答案就是做
35、一名志愿者）可以判断出本句内容应该是对volunteer做出详细的解释，在备选项当中只有F项符合。所以选择F项。【2题详解】本段副标题是Help yourself by helping others（帮助别人就是帮助自己）可以看出该句是对此主题的进一步解释，该句内容应该给出一个具体的例子来证明这个观点，备选项当中G项是一个具体例子，且符合上下文语境。所以选择G项。【3题详解】本段第一句“Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family.”告诉我们和家人一起参加志愿工作是非常开心的事情。可知本段内容建议我们和家人一起去做志愿者。B项
36、“Things to do with family members.”符合段落大意，所以选择B项。【4题详解】本段第一句“Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services.”告诉我们孩子们可以想出他们自己的方法来筹集资金提供必要的服务，这样做可以提升孩子们的社会责任心。D项“Volunteering gives kids a sense of responsibility.”符合上下文语境，所以选择D项。【5题详解】本句设在文章结尾，句尾的话语通常具有号召性或总结性地意味，该句后面的Make a plan to start volunteering today!（就从今天做一个志愿服务计划吧）可以看出作者最后鼓励大家加入志愿行列当中，所以选择A项。