1、专 题 微 练考前6周 提分组合练第5周 第1练 阅读理解主题练(人与自然类)4篇阅读理解1篇阅读七选五 限时40分钟阅读理解A(2019南宁二模)体裁：应用文 主题语境：人与自然 难度：The Kids FarmWhile kids visit vegetable plots and animal contact areas,they will learn that most of the food we eat every day comes from farms,and that taking care of animals takes time,commitment and knowl
2、edge.Kids can see our cows,donkeys,goats,alpacas,pigs,etc.and learn all about looking after farm animals.At the Caring Corral,they will have a chance to touch cows and donkeys,under staff members supervision.Please NoteAny time you touch an animal,there is a risk of spreading germs(细菌).Visitors to t
3、he Kids Farm should wash their hands after touching the animals.The Caring Corral is open only when the staff are available;hours are limited.The Kids Farm uses pizza to teach kids how many kinds of food grow.Hands-on exhibits show how pizza ingredients go from the farm to the pizza.The Pizza Garden
4、 has slice-shaped plots of growing ingredients,including tomatoes,wheat and herbs.The 22-foot-wide Giant Pizza gives kids a place to play with oversized toppings and each other.During the busier season(beginning in June),a free shuttle picks up visitors in need of a lift at the Kids Farm and drops t
5、hem off at the Panda Plaza/the Bus Lot from 11 am to 6 pm.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了孩子们在参加 Kids Farm 时会有什么收获以及参观时的注意事项。1What do visitors need to do before visiting the Caring Corral?A.Wash their hands.B.Make a reservation.C.Check on its opening time.D.Read the instructions on safety.答案与解析 C细节理解题。根据 Plea
6、se Note 中的第二条：“The Caring Corral is open only when the staff are available;hours are limited”可知游客应在参观前核实开门时间。2Where can kids play with oversized toppings and each other?A.At the Panda Plaza.B.At the Bus Lot.C.At the Pizza Garden.D.At the Giant Pizza.答案与解析 D 细节理解题。根据 Please Note 中的第四条：“The 22-foot-wi
7、de Giant Pizza gives kids a place to play with oversized toppings and each other.”可知孩子们可以在披萨上玩。3Why does the author write this passage?A.To provide information about visiting the Kids Farm.B.To show kids how pizza and farms are connected.C.To encourage kids to protect plants and animals.D.To seek sp
8、onsors for the Kids Farm.答案与解析 A 写作目的题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍孩子们在参观Kids Farm 时，可以从中学到什么以及参观时的注意事项，故 A 项正确。B(2019唐山三模)体裁：记叙文 主题语境：人与动物 难度：Deep in the Alaskan wilderness,as I came out from a forest of pine trees,I froze in my tracks.No more than 20 paces away in the trap was a huge wolf.Confused and frightened
9、 at my approach,the wolf backed away,struggling at the chain.I noticed it was a female with teats full of milk.If I tried to release her,she would tear me to pieces.So I decided to search for her babies.Fortunately,I spotted her home hundreds of meters away.I tried to imitate(模仿)the call of a mother
10、 wolf.Four tiny babies,probably weeks old,appeared.I returned with four baby wolves in my bag.Possibly picking up the smell of her young,the wolf let out a sad cry.I released the babies,and within seconds,they were suckling(吮吸)at her belly.The mother wolf was clearly suffering.Yet each time I moved
11、closer,a threatening sound came from her throat.If I could only win her trust,I thought.It was her only hope.I searched around and suddenly spotted a dead deer partly buried in the thick snow.I returned with a large piece of meat.“Heres dinner”，I said softly as I approached.Over the next few days,I
12、talked gently with her,threw her more meat,and played with the baby wolves.Little by little,I kept edging closer,but the big animal never took her dark eyes off me.On the fifth day,I was delivering her daily meat when I saw a slight wagging of her tail.I edged closer,and she remained still.Then I sl
13、owly placed my hand on her injured leg.The moment I applied pressure,the trap sprang open and the wolf pulled free.What happened next went against everything Id ever heard about wolves.Cautiously,she sniffed(嗅)my hands and then licked(舔)my fingers.Yet,strangely,it all seemed so natural.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙
14、文，讲述了作者在阿拉斯加荒漠救助一只被夹子困住的受伤的母狼的经历。好词积累 release v.释放；let out 发出；放走4To help the mother wolf,what did the author do first?A.He treated her injury.B.He searched for food.C.He looked for her babies.D.He freed her from the trap.答案与解析 C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“So I decided to search for her babies.”和第二段中的“I returned
15、with four baby wolves in my bag.”可知，为了帮助母狼作者首先找到她的孩子。A 项“疗伤文章并未涉及”；B 项“找食物”发生在“找孩子”之后；D 项“释放母狼”出现在文章最后一段。故 C 项正确。5Why did the mother wolf let out a sad cry?A.She was worried about her babies.B.She signaled to other wolves for help.C.She was seriously injured in the leg.D.She had no milk to feed the
16、babies.答案与解析 A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Possibly picking up the smell of her young,the wolf let out a sad cry.”可知，作者猜测母狼可能嗅到了小狼的味道才发出哀嚎，由此推知，母狼被困担心自己的孩子所以发出哀嚎。故 A项正确。6What did the author do to win the mother wolfs trust?A.He gently touched her injured leg.B.He fed her and played with her babies.C.He imitated t
17、he call of a mother wolf.D.He stayed close to her day and night.答案与解析 B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Over the next few days,I talked gently with her,threw her more meat,and played with the baby wolves.”可知，为取得母狼的信任作者喂她吃肉和她的孩子玩。故 B 项正确。7Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To appeal for wildlife protectio
18、n.B.To describe the wolfs living situation.C.To record the mother wolfs behavior.D.To share his unusual rescue experience.答案与解析 D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲述了作者一次在野外营救一只受伤母狼的非同寻常的经历，故 D 项正确。C(2019九江二模)体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与植物 难度：For people,many other animals,family matters.Consider how many jobs go to relatives.Or ho
19、w an ant will cruelly attack intruder(入侵的)ants but rescue injured,closely related nest-mates.There are good evolutionary reasons to aid relatives,after all.Now,it seems,family feelings may stir in plants as well.A Canadian biologist planted the seed of the idea more than a decade ago,but many plant
20、biologists regarded it as hereticalplants lack the nervous systems that enable animals to recognize kin(家族),so how can they know their relatives?But with a series of recent findings,the belief that plants really do care for their most genetically close peersin a quiet,planty wayis taking root.Some s
21、pecies control how far their roots spread,others change how many flowers they produce,and a few tilt(倾斜)or shift their leaves to minimize shading of neighboring plants,favoring related individuals.“We need to recognize that plants not only sense whether its light or dark or if theyve been touched,bu
22、t also whom they are interacting with，”says Susan Dudley,a plant evolutionary ecologist,whose early plant kin recognition studies sparked the interest of many scientists.Beyond broadening views of plant behavior,the new work may have a practical side.In September 2018,a team in China reported that r
23、ice planted with kin grows better,a finding that suggested family ties can be used to improve crop yields.“It seems anytime anyone looks for it,they find a kin effect，”says Andre Kessler,a chemical ecologist at Cornell University.【语篇解读】根据最近一系列研究发现，和蚂蚁类似，植物也存在家庭情感。这一发现的实际价值是这可以用来提高作物产量。好词积累 put sth.i
24、nto practice 把付诸实践；spark the interest of 激发的兴趣8Why are ants mentioned in the first paragraph?A.To show how cruel ants are to their enemies.B.To lay foundation for the idea of plants family feelings.C.To introduce the topic of how family matters to animals.D.To explain why people usually give more jo
25、bs to their relatives.答案与解析 B 推理判断题。第一段最后两句“There are good evolutionary reasons to aid relatives,after all.Now,it seems,family feelings may stir in plants as well.”可知，进化的原因是要帮助亲属，现在看来，家庭情感可能也会在植物中产生影响。可知第一段提到蚂蚁的目的是为下文提到植物家庭情感做铺垫，故选 B。9Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the under
26、lined word“heretical”？A.Indescribable.B.Understandable.C.Impossible.D.Traditional.答案与解析 C 词义猜测题。根据后文植物缺乏能让动物识别亲缘关系的神经系统，所以它们怎么能认识自己的亲戚呢？因此可推测上文中提到的许多植物生物学家认为植物有家庭情感的想法是“不可能的；荒谬的”，故选 C。10What may be the plants way of expressing their care for relatives?A.They stop producing flowers to avoid competiti
27、on.B.They spread their roots far so as to protect their peers.C.They care for their injured peers by silently taking roots.D.They move their leaves to share sunlight with their close peers.答案与解析 D 细节理解题。第二段最后一句“Some species control how far their roots spread,others change how many flowers they produ
28、ce,and a few tilt(倾斜)or shift their leaves to minimize shading of neighboring plants,favoring related individuals.”可知，一些物种控制着它们的根系伸展的距离，另一些则改变着它们开出的花的数量，还有一些则倾斜或移动它们的叶子，以尽量减少邻近植物的阴影，从而有利于相关的个体。即植物对亲属表现关心的方式为他们移动叶子与亲密的同伴分享阳光。故选 D。11What can be inferred from the text?A.Different plants mustnt be plant
29、ed together.B.Corn planted with corn can produce more than that with rice.C.China has put the idea into wide practice and achieved great success.D.The closer rice is planted with their relatives the more they will produce.答案与解析 B 推理判断题。最后一段第二句中的“a team in China reported that rice planted with kin gr
30、ows better,a finding that suggested family ties can be used to improve crop yields”可知，中国的一个研究小组报告说，近亲种植的水稻生长得更好，这一发现表明，家庭关系可以用来提高作物产量。可推测玉米和玉米种在一起比和大米种在一起的产量高。故选 B。D(2019昆明二模)体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自然 难度：Finding a mountain goat resting high on a cliff(悬崖)might thrill many of the millions of tourists who visi
31、t Wyomings Grand Teton National Park every year,but park officials say it might be time for the bearded animals to go.The problem,according to the park,is that Grand Tetons 100 or so mountain goats threaten about 80 bighorn sheep.The bighorn sheep numbered as many as 125 just a few years ago.The str
32、ong goats spread disease and compete with bighorn sheep for food.Unlike small-sized bighorn sheep,Grand Tetons mountain goats arent native to the park.They were introduced to the park in the 1960s.Grand Teton spokeswoman Denise Germann said,“Weve got a management responsibility to protect the native
33、 species.After hearing from the public on the proposal(建议)in January,park officials expect to decide as soon as mid-February on what to do about the mountain goats.”The goats are reproducing rapidly.Now might be the best time to reduce the animals before theyre too many to bring under control,accord
34、ing to the Park Service.One wildlife biologist who studies bighorn sheep praised the proposal.Mountain goats original habitat is nowhere close to where theyve been introduced in the US to provide hunting opportunities,said Rob Roy Ramey，with Nederland,Colorado-based Wildlife Science International,In
35、c.Wildlife managers should get rid of mountain goats not only in Grand Teton but elsewhere to help struggling bighorn sheep,Ramey said.“Unfortunately,state wildlife agencies sell nonnative wildlife viewing opportunities to the public，”Ramey said.“This is not a zoo in the wilderness.It should really
36、be for native wildlife.”【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，介绍美国一所国家公园，雪羊严重影响当地物种大角羊的生存，因而管理者采取措施保护大角羊，大家都很支持这一决议。好词积累 bring under control 使受到控制；be native to 原产于12What can be learnt about the bighorn sheep in the park?A.Their size is huge.B.Their number is decreasing.C.They arrived in the 1960s.D.They threaten local spec
37、ies.答案与解析 B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The problem,according to the park,is that Grand Tetons 100 or so mountain goats threaten about 80 bighorn sheep.The bighorn sheep numbered as many as 125 just a few years ago.”可知，现在 Grand Teton 国家公园里的雪羊威胁到了数量为大约 80 只的大角羊，而几年以前，大角羊的数量大约为 125 只，由此可知大角羊的数量在下降，故选 B。13How did th
38、e public help park officials protect the bighorn sheep?A.By providing suggestions.B.By driving away mountain goats.C.By volunteering in the park.D.By taking over Grand Teton National Park.答案与解析 A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After hearing from the public on the proposal(建议)in January,park officials expect to decid
39、e as soon as mid-February on what to do about the mountain goats.”可知，在一月收到公众的建议之后，可能最快 2 月中旬就会决定怎么应对雪羊这一问题，故可知，公众通过提出一些建议来帮助公园工作人员保护大角羊，故选 A。14What is Germanns attitude towards the bighorn sheep?A.Curious.B.Proud.C.Surprised.D.Concerned.答案与解析 D 观点态度题。根据第三段“Weve got a management responsibility to pro
40、tect the native species.”可知，对保护本地物种，国家公园有着管理责任，故可知，Germann 对大角羊持担忧的态度，因为它们受到雪羊的严重影响，故选 D。15What was the purpose of bringing in mountain goats in the beginning?A.To offer hunting chances.B.To sell nonnative wildlife.C.To satisfy wildlife managers.D.To increase diversities of sheep.答案与解析 A 细节理解题。根据倒数第
41、二段中的“Mountain goats original habitat is nowhere close to where theyve been introduced in the US to provide hunting opportunities”可知，雪羊的原栖息地跟美国环境很不一样，最初引入美国是为游客提供狩猎的体验，故选 A。阅读七选五(2019泉州二模)体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与环境 难度：Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan.Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic w
42、astea total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage.1.“Were being overwhelmed(淹没)by our waste，”said Jenna Jambeck,an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number.2，unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.Plastica widely used materialhas in many way
43、s been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem.Today,plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea.Ocean Conservancy,a nonprofit that organizes an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide,said plastic waste makes up around 85 percent of the garbage collected from beaches
44、and oceans.Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten at least 600 different wildlife species.3；a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat.A research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans,and could potentially increase the
45、 risk of health problems.4.At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week,ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea litter as part of UN Environments CleanSeas campaign.5.Corporations also have a role,as do individuals.We can start by thinking twice before using single-use plastic productsand when
46、we do use them,we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.A.The following is what we should doB.And its not just wildlife thats threatenedC.And this figure is likely to double by 2025D.But its not just countries that need to do their partE.By 2050,that figure is expected to rise to 1,
47、000 speciesF.Thats how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every yearG.All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems答案与解析【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了塑料即将淹没海洋。不可否认，一次性塑料制品为我们带来了诸多便利。然而塑料污染也无处不在，一方面，塑料垃圾危及海洋生态系统；另一方面误食塑料垃圾的海洋生物被端上餐桌，危及人类健康。面对触目惊心的海洋塑料污染现状，国家、企业和个人都责无旁贷。好词积累 potentia
48、lly adv.潜在地；可能地；individual n.个人；think twice 三思1F 根据空前一句可知，这一片区域被大约 190 亿磅重的塑料垃圾覆盖。设空处承接上文，说明我们的海洋正是这个区域，故 F 项“那就是每年流入海洋的塑料垃圾的数量”，符合语境。故 F 项正确。2C 根据空前一句中的“this astonishing number”和空后的 unless 从句“除非采取措施阻止垃圾倾倒的浪潮”可知设空处指的是不采取措施的话这个数字会增加，“并且这个数字到 2025 年会翻倍”与上下文呼应，其中 figure 与空前的 number 一致。故 C 项正确。3B 根据空前一句
49、可知，塑料垃圾正在威胁野生动物的生存，根据空后的“some plastics could be poisonous to humans,and could potentially increase the risk of health problems”可知，塑料污染也会威胁人类健康，故设空处指的是不仅野生动物受到威胁，人类也在所难逃。故 B 项正确。4G 根据下文的“ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea litter”和“Corporations also have a role,as do individuals.”可知，治理塑料污染国家、企业和个人都要负起责任来。故 G 项“我们所有的人在处理这些问题上都要起到重要作用”符合语境。故 G 项正确。5D 根据空后一句可知，企业和个人在应对海洋塑料污染问题上都责无旁贷，故 D 项“但是不仅是国家需要负起责任来”符合语境，与下文呼应。故D 项正确。
