1、-1-Section Using Language,Summing Up&Learning TipY UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 一 二 三 四 一、将下列单词与相对应的释义搭配起来 A B 1.production a.to make something smaller or less in size,amount or price 2.discoveryb.an opinion that you express about someone or something 3.reducec.the part of a plant that grows unde
2、r the ground 4.pestd.a fact or thing that someone finds or learns about for the first time 5.roote.a small animal or insect that destroys crops or food supplies mentf.the process of making or growing things 7.skimg.the top layer of the earth in which plants grow 8.soilh.to read something quickly to
3、get the main idea 答案:1.f 2.d 3.a 4.e 5.c 6.b 7.h 8.g Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 一 二 三 四 二、短语互译 A.温故:从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思 1.cause damage to 2.wash.off 3.in addition 4.every few years 5.put.back 6.prevent.from.对造成危害洗掉另外每隔几年把放回避免受Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 一 二 三 四 B.知新:从文中找出与下列释义相对应的英文 1.逐
4、渐增强;建立;开发 2.导致;造成(后果)3.使免受(影响、伤害等);使不含(有害物)4.集中(注意力、精力等)于 build uplead tokeep.free from/offocus onY UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 一 二 三 四 三、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空 1.The new model will be in (product)next year.2.Warm milk is the ideal breeding ground for_ (bacterium).3.A balanced diet can provide (nutriti
5、on)food for our body.4.The country possesses rich (mine)resources.5.She was shocked by the (discover)that he had been unfaithful.production bacteria nutritious mineral discovery Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 一 二 三 四 6.Whats the meaning of the (underline)part of the sentence?7.We are now seeing a
6、 trend towards the (reduce)of exports by China.8.He gave a (sum)report of the days events.underlined reduction summary Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 一 二 三 四 四、阅读课文CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?,回答下列问题 1.From the passage,we can see organic farmers are those who .A.grow crops with chemical fertilize
7、rs B.grow crops with natural fertilizers C.produce organic fertilizers D.care for the environment答案:B Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 一 二 三 四 2.From the fourth paragraph,we know that .A.its not good to plant grass between crops B.peanuts use the surface of soil C.peas and soybeans should be grown
8、together with corn and wheat D.vegetables that put down deep roots are harmful to the soil 答案:B Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 一 二 三 四 3.According to the text,which of the following is NOT the problem caused by chemical fertilizer?A.Crop diseases can be stopped.B.Chemicals stay in the ground and
9、underground water for a long time.C.The helpful bacteria and pests are killed as well as the harmful one.D.Many of these fertilizers are dangerous to peoples health.4.How many ways do the organic farmers have to keep their soil fertile and healthy?A.3 B.4C.5D.6 答案:A 答案:A Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUIN
10、A核心归纳 6 1 2 3 4 5 1.Recently,however,scientists have been finding that long-termuse of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and,evenmore dangerous,to peoples health.然而,最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损,甚至更危险的是,会对人们的健康造成危害。剖析 本句的时态为现在完成进行时,其构成为:have/has+been+doing。Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 6 1
11、 2 3 4 5【高考典句】(2018全国高考卷)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.数千年来,语言的种类一直在产生着、消失着,但是近来产生的少了,消失的多了。All the Chinese have been working hard to make our country richer and stronger.所有中国人一直都在努力工作,以使我们的国家更加富强。Y UXI
12、 DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 活学活用 语法填空 1)Tom (work)in the library every night over the last three months.2)In the last few years thousands of films (produce)all over the world.3)Mr Black said it was the truth;,he was mistaken.has been working have been produced however Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H
13、 EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodiesover time.随着时间的推移,食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。考点build up逐渐增强;建立;开发 Many a large business has been built up from small ones.很多大企业都是从小规模发展起来的。By participating in the speech contest,he built up his confidence.通过参加演讲比赛,他增强了
14、自信。The delegations had begun to build up some trust in one another.各代表团已经开始彼此建立起一些信任。He has built up a good business over the years.几年来他生意做得很兴旺。Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 阅读下列句子,体会build up的意义 The clouds are building up.云越聚越多。意义:积聚;积累 When the Spring Festival is coming,traffic buil
15、ds up along the roads.当春节到来时,路上的车辆越来越多。意义:变得更多 The area has been built up since I began to live here.自从我住在这儿以来,这个地区已经盖满了房子。意义:建筑物遍布(某地区)Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 活学活用 完成句子 1)锻炼可以增强我们的体质,保持头脑清醒。Taking exercise can help us and keep a clear mind.2)温室气体继续在大气中聚集。Greenhouse gases conti
16、nue to in the atmosphere.build up our body build up Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 3.Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.这些化学成分有很多能导致癌症或其他疾病。考点lead to导致;造成(后果)What on earth has led to the roads being crowded?到底是什么导致了这条公路的拥挤?His carelessness led to the serious
17、 consequence.他的粗心造成了这个严重的后果。同义词(短语):cause;result in;bring about;contribute to Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 阅读下列句子,体会lead的搭配及意义【高考典句】(2018天津高考)What could these steps lead to?这些台阶会通往什么地方?搭配 lead to 意义 通往 The teacher led in the new lesson with an interesting story.老师用一个有趣的故事导入新课。搭配 lea
18、d in 意义 导入 We hired an Indian to lead the way.我们雇了一名印度人带路。搭配 lead the way 意义 带路 Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 What led you to take up acting as a career?是什么使你从事演艺事业的?搭配 lead sb to do 意义 引导某人做 What led you to this conclusion?是什么使你得出这个结论的?搭配 lead sb to sth 意义 使某人得出(观点)As an advanced wo
19、rker,you should take the lead in everything.作为一名先进工作者,你应事事起带头作用。搭配 take the lead in 意义 在方面带头;领先 Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 活学活用 语法填空(1)What was it that led him (give)up his plan?(2)That is a narrow path leading the top of the hill.(3)The evidence led to the thief (catch)by the pol
20、ice.完成句子(4)这个年轻人让当地的导游带路。This young man asked the local guide to .(5)他哥哥非常积极,在这个活动中起着带头作用。His brother is very active and the activity.to give to being caught lead the way takes the lead in Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 4.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.他们专注于
21、保持土壤的肥沃和免受病害。考点focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于 I cant focus my attention on study with so much noise outside.外面噪声这么大,我不能把注意力集中在学习上。【高考典句】(2018全国高考卷)Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?You will want to continue to focuson positive choices.谁愿意因为吃垃圾食品毁掉自己好的锻炼成果?你会想继续集中于积极的选择。归纳 focus(sth
22、)on中focus既可以是及物动词,也可以是不及物动词。Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6(1)阅读下列句子,体会focus的词性、搭配及意义 The astronomer focused his telescope on the moon.这位天文学家把望远镜对准月亮。词性 动词 搭配 focus.on 意义 把对准 Today we are going to focus on the question of homeless people inour city.今天,我们打算集中讨论我们市无家可归人群的问题。词性 动词 搭配 focu
23、s on 意义 集中(讨论研究)The focus of this chapter is the ancient Chinese history.本章的重点是中国古代史。词性 名词 意义 重点 Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 She always wants to be the focus of attention.她老想成为关注的焦点。词性 名词 搭配 the focus of attention 意义 关注的焦点 (2)focus常用短语归纳:in focus焦点对准 out of focus焦点没对准 Y UXI DAOYIN预
24、习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 活学活用 用focus的适当形式填空 1)Public attention at the moment is on the problems of industrial relations.2)on his study,he asked his parents to turn down the TV.3)With all his interest on computer games,he had to drop out of school at last.focused/being focused To focus focuse
25、d 单句改错 4)He found it very difficult to focus his attention in his textbook.5)When a photograph is not in the focus,it isnt clear.inon 去掉the Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 5.A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong andhealthy.健康的土壤可以减少病害,并且帮助农作物茁壮成长。考点reduce vt.减少;缩减
26、The price of these shoes has been reduced.这些鞋子的价格已经降了。【高考典句】(2018北京高考)While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars,policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams.虽然到目前为止,辩论多数集中在无人驾驶汽车的安全性上,但是决策者们也应该谈论自动驾驶汽车怎么能帮助减少
27、交通堵塞 Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 1)反义词:increase v.增加 2)派生词:reduction n.减少;削减;降低 3)reduce相关短语归纳:reduce to 降低到;落到某种境地;使(身体等)变得;化为,变成 reduce by以(的比例、程度)减少 be reduced to沦落为;陷入状态;被降职到 Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 He is reduced almost to skin and bones.他几乎变得骨瘦如柴。After ca
28、reful consideration,the company decided to reduce the priceby 10 percent.经过慎重考虑,该公司决定把价格降低10%。Because of unemployment,he is almost reduced to stealing.由于失业,他几乎沦落到行窃的境地。Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 活学活用 语法填空(1)It was so foggy that the driver had to reduce speed forty kilometers an ho
29、ur.(2)Costs have been reduced 20%over the past year.(3)There has been some (reduce)in unemployment up to now.(4)They were reduced to (beg)in the streets.tobyreductionbeggingY UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.This also keeps the air,soil,water and crops free from chemicals.这还可以让空气、土壤、水以及
30、农作物不受化学物质的污染。考点keep.free from/of使免受(影响、伤害等);使不含(有害物)We should use new energy to keep our environment free of pollution.我们应当使用新能源,使我们的环境免受污染。Keep these vegetables free from poison.使这些蔬菜不含有毒物质。归纳:keep.free from/of中的free为形容词,在句子中做宾语补足语。Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 1)同义短语:protect/preser
31、ve/shelter.from/against保护免受伤害 2)free from/of意为“无的”“免除的”“不受约束的”。如:They like living in a village,free from/of crowds and noises.他们喜欢住在村子里,远离人群和喧闹。She got the ticket free of charge.她得到了这张免费票。Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 3)阅读下列句子,体会keep的搭配及意义 Please keep an eye on our baby.请照看一下我们的婴儿。搭配
32、:keep an eye on 意义:照看,密切注视 We kept away from the big dog.我们远离了那只大狗。搭配:keep away from 意义:远离 Ill keep nothing back from you.我什么也不隐瞒你。搭配:keep back 意义:隐瞒 Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 The pet cat keeps company with him every day.那只宠物猫每天和他在一起。搭配:keep company with sb 意义:和某人在一起 Keep off the
33、 grass.勿踏草坪。搭配:keep off 意义:(使)避开 He does what he can to keep up with his classmates.他尽他所能跟上他的同学们。搭配:keep up with sb 意义:跟上某人 His illness kept him from going to school.他的病让他不能去上学。搭配:keep sb from doing sth 意义:阻止某人干某事 Y UXI DAOYIN预习导引 H EXIN GUINA核心归纳 1 2 3 4 5 6 活学活用 用keep的短语填空 1)He managed to his tear
34、s at the bad news.2)This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air,soil and water pollution.3)Would you slow down a bit,please?I cant you.4)He liquor and tobacco,whichcontributes to his good health.keep back free from keep up with keeps away from 单句改错 5)Take the medicine,and it will keep you free from not pain.6)The bad weather kept the goods from sending to the flooded area.去掉not sendingbeing sent