1、Day 6教育ASmartphones, tablets and smart watches are banned at school for all children under 15 in France. Under the ban students are not able to use their phones at all during school hours, including meal breaks.“I think its a good thing. School is not about being on your phone,” Paris mum Marie-Caro
2、line Madeleine told AFP. “Its hard with kids. You cant control what they see and thats one of the things that worries me as a parent.”There is no law like this in Australia, but some Australian schools have banned phones. McKinnon Secondary School in Victoria introduced a total ban in February and P
3、rincipal Pitsa Binnion said this has been a success. McKinnon students still have a Chromebook to use in every class for day-to-day learning but theyre not allowed to use social media. Ms. Binnion said at first “teachers cheered and students moaned (抱怨),” but now theyre seeing the positives (优势). “T
4、hey come to school and theyre not allowed to use phones at all during the school day, including lunch breaks,” she said.“Its been wonderful as for students communicating with each other at lunchtime and not looking at their screen,” Ms. Binnion said. She also leads by example and doesnt use her mobi
5、le phone in school. “I think anyone can do it if weve done it.”Not everyone agrees with the bans. Western Sydney University technology researcher Dr. Joanne Orlando wrote in online magazine The Conversation earlier this year that Australia should not ban phones in schools because its important to ed
6、ucate kids to live in the age they are raised in. “A good education for students today is knowing how to use technology to learn, communicate and work with ideas,” she wrote. “Banning students from using smartphones is a 1950s response to a 2020 state-of-play.”1. Why did Madeleine welcome the ban?A.
7、 Teachers find it hard to control kids.B. Kids behave badly nowadays.C. School is for studying.D. Her kids depend too much on phones.2. What can we learn about the ban in McKinnon Secondary School?A. Students can now see the good of the ban.B. Some teachers were against it at first.C. Students can u
8、se their phones at lunch breaks.D. Teachers have stopped using phones at school as well.3. What does Dr. Joanne Orlando think of banning phones in schools?A. It will disconnect parents and kids.B. It will cause kids to communicate less.C. It will make education go back 60 years.D. It will prevent ki
9、ds being tech-minded.BGrown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after m
10、any years and still ride away. He can play, catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanatio
11、n is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, extra learning trials (尝试) increase the length of time we will remember it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learn
12、ed them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception (例外) to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the
13、 things that we learn in school because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the
14、 subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for ones future development.1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.B.
15、 Children have a better memory than grown-ups.C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.D. Stories for children are easy to remember.2. The author explains the law of overlearning by _.A. presenting research findingsB. setting down general rulesC. making a comparisonD. using examples3. What does
16、the word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Commonly accepted rules.B. The multiplication tables.C. Things easily forgotten.D. School subjects.4. What is the authors opinion on cramming?A. Its helpful only in a limited way.B. It leads to failure in college exams.C. Its possible to result in poor memo
17、ry.D. It increases students learning interest.CEvery man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone（克隆）, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably achieve what you hoped
18、for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports werent written until the final threat.Ive been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a univ
19、ersity graduate working toward her masters degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student (技校学生). Theyre called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, hes a good kid,” I
20、 wanted to say. “And smart, really.”I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they dont often make school honor rolls (光荣榜).But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shi
21、rts in offices dont have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.My son, with other motorheads, fixed the car. They
22、got parts (零件）from a junkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes. The cost was $25 instead of $800.Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.These kids are happies
23、t when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learn
24、ed that fathers dont need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.1. What used to be the authors hope for his son?A. To avoid becoming his clone.B. To look like him in appearance.C. To reach the authors unachieved goals.D. To develop in a di
25、fferent direction.2. What can we learn about the authors children?A. His daughter does better in school.B. His daughter has got a masters degree.C. His son tried hard to finish homework.D. His son couldnt write his book reports.3. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_.A. hi
26、s son had the ability to fix itB. it would save him much timeC. other motorheads would come to helpD. it wouldnt cause him any more loss4. What did the author realize in the end?A. It is important for one to make the honor roll.B. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.C. Architects p
27、lay a more important role than builders.D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.DMany teenagers(青少年)feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members dont know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite o
28、ften for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas.It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among them on the pho
29、ne. This communication is very important in childrens growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to tell their family members.However, parents often try to choose their childrens friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good fr
30、iends. Have you ever thought of the following questions?Who chooses your friends?Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?Have you got a good friend your parents dont like?Your answers are welcome.1. Many teenagers think that _ can understand them better.A. parents B. brothers C. sister
31、s D. friends2. When teenagers have something difficult to tell their parents, they usually _.A. stay alone at home B. fight with their parentsC. discuss it with their friends D. go to their brothers and sisters for help3. The sentence “Your answers are welcome.” means _.A. You are welcome to discuss
32、 the questions with usB. Weve got no idea, so your answers are welcomeC. Your answers are always rightD. You can give us all the right answers4. Which of the following is the writers attitude?A. Parents should choose friends for their children.B. Children should choose everything they like.C. Parent
33、s should understand their children better.D. Teenagers should only go to their friends for help.答案A【答案解析】 1. C 2. A 3. D【分析】本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的一些学校禁止学生在学校使用手机，以及人们对此的不同看法。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I think its a good thing. School is not about being on your phone,” Paris mum Marie-Caroline Madeleine told A
34、FP.可知，“认为这是一件好事。上学不是为了听你的电话，” 巴黎的妈妈Marie-Caroline Madeleine告诉法新社记者。由此可知，Madeleine对这项禁令表示欢迎，因为她认为学校是用来学习的地方。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的Ms. Binnion said at first “teachers cheered and students moaned (抱怨),” but now theyre seeing the positives (优势).可知，Binnion女士说，起初“老师们欢呼，学生们抱怨”，但现在他们看到了积极的一面。由此可知，开始的时候学生们抱
35、怨，但是现在他们看到了好处。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A good education for students today is knowing how to use technology to learn, communicate and work with ideas,” she wrote.可知， “如今，对学生的良好教育是知道如何利用技术来学习、交流和与想法合作，” 她写道。由此推知，Joanne Orlando博士认为禁止学生在学校使用手机会阻断孩子们与技术的联系。故选D。【点睛】阅读理解所设试题主要考查细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查选项和原文
36、的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。考生首先要浏览短文后的小题题干，标出关键词（组），带着问题去阅读，能够做到心中有数，目的明确；然后再仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握细节信息，并标出能得出答案的有效信息。如第2小题，What can we learn about the ban in McKinnon Secondary School?题干要求回答“关于麦金农中学的禁令我们了解到了什么”，题干关键词为the ban in McKinnon Secondary School，那么我们根据第三段中的Ms. Binnion said at first “tea
37、chers cheered and students moaned (抱怨),” but now theyre seeing the positives (优势).可知，Binnion女士说，起初“老师们欢呼，学生们抱怨”，但现在他们看到了积极的一面。由此可知，开始的时候学生们抱怨，但是现在他们看到了好处。故选A。B【答案解析】 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A【分析】本文是一篇议论文，本文主要讲述了过度学习，并列举了多个有关的事例来证明过度学习的学习效果和作用。【1题详解】主旨大意题。根据本段第一句Grown-ups are often surprised by how well th
38、ey remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since可知，本段讲述的是人们经常能够记住我们小时候所学的内容，接下来还举了另外几个例子来说明。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them（在童年时代，我们通常会在学会游泳
39、、骑自行车和打棒球等技能后很长时间内继续练习）可知作者是通过举例说明的方法来解释过度学习的原理的，故选D。【3题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文The multiplication tables（乘法口诀表）are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are another of the things we over learn in childhood可知，乘法口诀也是过度学习的一个结果，因此这里they是指代乘法
40、口诀表，故选B。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段The law of overlearning explains why cramming for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to
41、forget almost everything he learned.（过度学习的法则解释了为什么为了考试而死记硬背，虽然可能会导致及格，却不是一种令人满意的学习大学课程的方法。通过死记硬背，一个学生可能把这门课学得足够好，可以通过考试，但他很可能很快就会忘记他所学的几乎所有东西。）可知作者认为突击学习的效果只能延续很短的时间，所以说只在有限的方面起作用,故选A。C【答案解析】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B【分析】本文讲述了一种社会现象:父母希望孩子成为自己的克隆，希望孩子能继续接力自己年轻时的任务。随后作者通过记叙自己在校表现并不优异的儿子的帮自己修好了车的事例来表达观点出版社需
42、要打字员，工程需要技工，建筑行业需要建造者，每个人都有自己的价值，只要用在合适的地方，虽然自己的儿子从未上过学校的光荣榜，作者为自己的儿子感到骄傲。【1题详解】推理判断题。本题需理解作者一开始对儿子的期望是什么。由第一段的As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably achieve what you hoped for.可知作者一开始期望自己的儿子能够实现作者自
43、己未完成的目标，故选。【2题详解】推理判断题。由第三段的My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English.可以得知作者的女儿学业比儿子更好，故选。【3题详解】细节理解题。在第五段可以找到答案。I doubted it，but let him go ahead，for I had nothing to lose可知，我让儿子修车的原因是我并没有什么损失，故选。【4题详解】推理判断题。本题需猜测作者情感态度。由最后一段I have learned that fathers dont n
44、eed clones in footsteps or anywhere elseMy son may never make the school honor rollBut he made mine可知作者想要表达的全文的中心思想，作者对社会上的普遍观点持否定态度的希望自己孩子继承自己的志愿是不明智的，故选。【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(
45、即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文为例，第2小题运用定位法：我们根据题干中“What can we learn about the authors children .对作者孩子有什么了解”，其关键词是children，从而直接定位到第三段的My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English.可以得知作者的女儿
46、学业比儿子更好。故选择A。D【答案解析】 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了孩子们交朋友的原因和其重要性，也建议家人应该更好地了解他们的孩子。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Many teenagers(青少年)feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members dont know them as well as their friends do.许多青少年认为他们生活中最重要的人是他们的
47、朋友。他们认为家人不像朋友那样了解他们。可知，许多青少年认为朋友可以更好地理解他们。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中This communication is very important in childrens growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to tell their family members. 这种交流在孩子的成长中是非常重要的，因为朋友可以讨论一些事情。这些事情很难告诉他们的家人。可知，当青少年有事难以告诉他们的父母时，他们通常与他们的朋友讨论
48、。故选C项。【3题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中Have you ever thought of the following questions? Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents dont like? 你想过以下问题吗？谁选择你的朋友？你选择朋友还是朋友选择你？你有一个你父母不喜欢的好朋友吗？由询问这些具体的问题，可知，划线句Your answers are welcome.意为“欢迎你
49、和我们讨论这些问题的答案”。故选A项。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中This communication is very important in childrens growing up, because friends can discuss something. 这种交流在孩子的成长中是非常重要的，因为朋友可以讨论一些事情。以及第三段中Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. 一些父母甚至可能阻止他们的孩子去见他们的好朋友。可知，作者认为孩子交朋友是支持的，父母不应该过多干涉他们，因此“父母应该更好地了解他们的孩子。”是作者的态度。故选C项。