1、第二篇由成分架构一 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或从句充当,常置于句首。1.(2019全国卷)_(音乐节)is going to be held in our school.(名词)2._(我们所有人)were fully absorbed in their performance.(代词)3._(第二个)is“Trip to the Yangtze River”.(数词)4._(老人和小孩)are taken good care of in China.(名词化的形容词)5._(紧随我的父亲)made me comfortable.(动名词)6.
2、_(进一步探索)brought delight to me.(不定式)7._(叔叔的所作所为)surprised me.(从句)1.A Music Festival 2.All we 3.The second 4.The old and the children5.Following my father closely 6.To explore further 7.What my uncle had done二 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,常位于主语之后。1.Some people _(值得)our respect.(实义动词)2.Ive been learn
3、ing Chinese since I _(be)a child.(系动词)3.My teacher _(look)beautiful in her new dress.(半系动词)4.I _(see)the flag on the top of the hill at that time.(感官动词)5.(2020浙江高考)Good news is that _(我们取得了)satisfactory results.(助动词+实义动词)6.(2019全国卷)I believe I _(能够加强友谊)between China and England.(情态动词+实义动词)7.(2019全国卷
4、)I would appreciate it if you could _(考虑我的申请).(动词短语)1.deserve 2.was 3.looks 4.saw 5.we have achieved 6.can strengthen the friendship 7.take my application into consideration三 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、短语或句子充当,常位于系动词之后。1.Although the answer seemed _(有点奇怪),nobody but I doubted it.(形容词)2.She turned
5、 _(一名志愿者)and went to Wuhan with her colleagues.(名词)3.The others had left the hospital but she was still _(在工作).(介词短语)4.To see is _(眼见为实).(不定式作表语)5.Was that _(你生气的原因)then?(从句)1.a little strange 2.a volunteer 3.at work 4.to believe 5.why you got angry四 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词或介词之后。1
6、.If you are interested in _(中国民间艺术),please e-mail _(我).(名词;代词)2.We need the sixth instead of the _(four).(数词)3.(2018全国卷)Dont forget _(赞扬你的朋友)for the delicious food he offers.(不定式)4.We do not permit _(抽烟)in the kitchen.(动名词)5.(2019北京高考)You ought to know _(什么时候出发).(特殊疑问词+不定式)6.We sincerely hope _(你给我们
7、一些指导和鼓励).(从句)7.(2020全国卷)We will be grateful if you can _(给我们一些建议)on how to make dialogues based on the story.(双宾语)8.The doctor advised me to stay in bed for _(几天).(名词)1.the Chinese folk art;me 2.fourth 3.to praise your friend 4.smoking 5.when to leave 6.you will give us your guidance and encourageme
8、nt 7.give us some advice 8.a few days五 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。1.I find the book very _(interest).(形容词)2.Please keep the dog _(待在外边).(副词)3.My mother looks so young that you would think her _(我的姐姐).(名词)4.Please make yourself _(像在家一样;不见外).(介词短语)5.(2019全国卷)I am writing to invite you _(和我一
9、起参加这个节日).(不定式)6.They caught the boy _(偷东西).(现在分词)7.He got his leg _(摔断了)while playing football.(过去分词)1.interesting 2.out 3.my sister 4.at home 5.to participate in the festival with me 6.stealing 7.broken六 定语:对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明,一般由形容词、名词、代词、介词短语、非谓语动词及从句等充当,定语的位置常在所修饰的词之前,但有些必须在所修饰的词之后,如修饰something等。1.
10、Wearing _(protect)clothing may reduce the harmful effects of the sun.(形容词)2.He likes _(西红柿和鸡蛋)noodles.(名词)3.The woman _(穿红色衣服的)is Li Leis sister.(介词短语)4.The girl _(弹钢琴的)is my sister.(现在分词短语)5.What do you think of the book _(从那家书店买的)?(过去分词短语)6.He was the first _(来)and the last _(走).(不定式)7.The story i
11、s about the adventure of a poor young man _(两位富裕的绅士给了他一张百万英镑的支票).(定语从句)1.protective 2.tomato and egg 3.in red4.playing the piano 5.bought from the bookstore 6.to come;to leave 7.who was given a million pound bank note by two rich gentlemen七 状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子等,一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或从句充当。1.He speaks
12、the language _(不好)but reads it _(好).(副词)2._(没有他的帮助),we couldnt have worked it out.(介词短语)3.(2020全国卷)Im writing _(目的是寻求你的指导)on adapting a short play for the English Festival next month.(不定式短语)4._(见没人在),he locked the door and left.(现在分词短语)5._(生于这座美丽的小镇),he hates to leave it.(过去分词短语)6.(2020全国卷)_(我们一到农场)
13、,what came into sight attracted us.(状语从句)1.badly;well 2.Without his help 3.to ask for your guidance 4.Seeing nobody in5.Born in this beautiful town 6.As soon as we arrived at the farm八 同位语:若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物,并且句法功能也一样,那么,后一项称为前一项的同位语。1.Beijing,_(中国首都),is a major city.(名词)2.(2019天津高考)The opinion _(学习是一个终生的过程)has been expressed by education experts throughout the years.(从句)1.the capital of China 2.that learning is a lifelong process