1、专 题 微 练第一部分 大题提分练大题提分练1 阅读理解之细节理解题(一)限时30分钟(提示：请利用阅读理解解题技巧 14 巧解本练习中的加黑的小题)A(2019江南十校二模)体裁：说明文 主题语境：历史、社会与文化 难度：72 hours in BeijingTraveling to China is no longer a luxury for many foreign passport holders.The Chinese government has permitted a 72-hour visa-free policy that offers access to visitors
2、 from 53 countries including the US,France and Austria.Lets start with the capital of China,Beijing.Heres a pick of the best in Beijing!Mutianyu Great WallYour trip to Beijing isnt really complete without seeing one of the“New Seven Wonders of the World”，the Great Wall of China.The Mutianyu section
3、of the Great Wall is by far the most well-preserved of all.Taking a one-hour bus ride,Mutianyu would be your ideal location for a half-day of hiking away from the large crowds in the city.Also,the authorities have allowed tourists to paint graffiti on a specific section of the Great Wall since 2014.
4、The Great Wall was designated(指定)a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987.798 Art ZoneThis would be on the top of my list!Named after the 798 factory that was built in the 1950s,the art zone is home to various galleries,design studios,art exhibition spaces,fashionable shops and bars.You could easily spe
5、nd half your day wandering around the complex,feeling the contrast of the present and the past.Summer PalaceLocated in northwestern Beijing,the Summer Palace is by far the citys most well-preserved royal park.With its huge lake and hilltop views,the palace offers you a pastoral escape into the lands
6、cape of traditional Chinese paintings.The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998.Sichuan Provincial RestaurantWhile in Beijing,apart from trying the citys best-known Peking duck,the Sichuan provincial restaurant is one of the places where you can enjoy regional delicious f
7、ood.It offers one of Chinas eight great cuisines,Sichuan,which ranges from Mapo tofu to spicy chicken.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国政府允许无签证的外籍游客在中国停留 72 小时。本文重点介绍了如何利用这 72 小时参观北京不容错过的四个目的地。好词积累 be designated sth.被指定为；be named after 以命名1Which of the following is true about the Mutianyu Great Wall?A.It is the most
8、 well-preserved part of the Great Wall.B.You can paint graffiti anywhereC.You need a half-day to get there.D.It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2014.答案与解析 A 直接信息理解题。根据 Mutianyu Great Wall 部分中的第二句“The Mutianyu section of the Great Wall is by far the most well-preserved of all.”可知，慕田峪长城
9、是迄今为止保存最完好的。故选 A。2When was the Summer Palace added to the UNESCO World Heritage List?A.In 1950.B.In 1987.C.In 1998.D.In 2014.答案与解析 C 直接信息理解题。根据 Summer Palace 部分中的最后一句“The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998.”可知，颐和园是 1998 年被列入世界文化遗产名录的。故选 C。3Which place is the authors fi
10、rst choice when visiting Beijing?A.Mutianyu Great Wall.B.Summer Palace.C.798 Art Zone.D.Sichuan Provincial Restaurant.答案与解析 C 直接信息理解题。根据 798 Art zone 部分中的“This would be on the top of my list！”可知，作者参观北京第一个要去的地方就是 798 Art Zone。故选 C。B(原创)体裁：记叙文 主题语境：社会生活 难度：Layton Guenther was raised in an upper middle
11、 class town outside New York,where most people never think about working on a farm.Today,Guenther grows potatoes,squash,wheat and other crops at Quail Hill,a property in Amagansett,New York.Guenther is part of a growing number of college educated Americans in their 20s and 30s who turn to organic fa
12、rming.In the same town,Amanda Merrow and Katie Baldwin operate another farm called Amber Waves.The two met at an apprenticeship(学徒)program.Merrow said she had registered for the training with the intention of doing something else after.But she fell in love with farming and said she could not imagine
13、 doing anything else.“In the United States,organic farming is a growing,$50 billion industry.Organically grown food is made and processed with no man-made fertilizers or pesticide products.The average organic farm is about 141 hectares compared to 178 hectares for a commercial farm.The smaller size
14、means less money is needed to support them,making them popular among new farmers，”said Sophie Ackoff.She is vice president of policy and campaigns at the National Young Farmers Coalition.These groups,and new young farmers,chose organic farming because of their desire to have an influence on society,
15、Ackoff and several farmers said.She said that they were choosing it“to protect natural resources for future generations,to fight climate change,to feed their community good,and healthy food.”Although organic farming is growing quickly,it comes with high labor costs and sometimes smaller harvests tha
16、n commercial farming.So it can be a difficult business for new farmers.【语篇解读】美国许多二三十岁的中高产阶级的年轻人开始选择有机农业作为自己的职业，虽然有机农业可影响社会、保护自然资源、应对气候变化和提供优质的健康的食物等，却也存在劳动力成本高昂，收入比商业型农业收成低等问题。好词积累 with the intention of 有的目的；have an influence on 对有影响4Where did Amanda Merrow and Katie Baldwin meet?A.In New York.B.At
17、a trainning programme.C.In a upper middle class town.D.On an organic farm.答案与解析 B 直接信息理解题。根据第二段中的“The two met at an apprenticeship(学徒)program.”可知，他们是在一个培训项目中认识的，故 B 项正确。5According to the passage,what can we learn about organic farming?A.It needs less money and low labor costs.B.It brings in less mon
18、ey to new farmers.C.It can be tough for new farmers.D.It gets rid of fertilizers and pesticide products.答案与解析 C 间接信息理解题。根据最后一段中“So it can be a difficult business for new farmers.”可知，有机农业对于新农民而言很难，故C 项正确。错解分析 根据最后一段中的“it comes with high labor costs and sometimes smaller harvests than commercial farmi
19、ng”可知，有机农业存在高劳动成本问题，收成不如经济型农业好的问题，故选项 C 符合题意。6Which of the following is not the reason why many people choose organic farming?A.To protect natural resources.B.To fight climate change.C.To provide good and healthy food.D.To make a living.答案与解析 D 直接信息理解题。根据倒数第二段中的第一句中的“because of their desire to have
20、an influence on society”和第二句中的“they are choosing it to protect natural resources for future generations,to fight climate change,to feed their community good,and healthy food.”可知，人们选择有机农业的原因有：影响社会、保护自然资源、应对气候变化和提供优质健康的食物，由此可知选项 D 在文中没有涉及，故 D 项正确。C(2020 届唐山高三调研)体裁：说明文 主题语境：科学与技术 难度：A new“smart bin”cou
21、ld mean the end of environment-conscious families spending hours sorting tins,cartons,bottles,and cardboard for recycling.The invention,which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate.It is being experimented in Poland and is set to go on sale in UK within a f
22、ew years.The bin,designed by start-up company Bin.E,recognizes different types of waste via a system put inside the bin which uses sensors,image recognition and artificial intelligence.Once waste is placed inside,the camera and sensor recognize its type and place it in one of the smaller bins.Then i
23、t compresses(压缩)the waste so it occupies less space.It is thought that the bin could be stocked by department stores such as John Lewis,which said it is introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins.Matt Thomas,a buyer at John Lewis,gave us the reason,“Weve recently seen a jump in specialist bins sale
24、s,with a 25 percent increase in the last few months alone.We have noticed our customers are becoming more and more focused on sustainability.In response to this demand,we are really excited to introduce a smart bin this autumn or winter season designed to make recycling more efficient and functional
25、 for the everyday home.”Bin.Es official release on the market will take place next year.However,at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available.The office bin will sell at 430 while customers will need to pay a 107 subscription fee for an accompanying smartphone app,which hooks
26、 them up with collection services.A spokesman at Bin.E said that home version of the bin will be cheaper and will not include a monthly payment.They added,“After the office version,we plan to create an outdoor version and later the home version.We decided to go for the outdoor version for public are
27、as first because it is more difficult to organize an efficient waste segregating(分离)system than in our homes.”【篇章图解】智能垃圾桶的发明解决了人们自己将垃圾分类的困扰，完全自动操作，即将上市啦。好词积累 satisfy ones demands 满足某人的需求；in response to 对做出回应7What do we know about a new“smart bin”from the first paragraph?A.It is easy to operate.B.It
28、works automatically.C.It is very expensive.D.It has been used widely.答案与解析 B 间接信息理解题。根据第一段中的“without needing people to operate”可知，这种智能垃圾桶不需要人操作，因此是自动的，故B 项正确。8What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.The company.B.The sensor.C.The camera.D.The bin.答案与解析 D 代词指代题。第二段介绍智能垃圾桶的工作流程，结合最后
29、一句“将废物压缩以减少空间”，可判断出压缩废物的是垃圾桶，故 D 项正确。9Why is John Lewis introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins?A.To change peoples behavior.B.To make them more famous.C.To popularize new technology.D.To satisfy increasing demands.答案与解析 D 间接信息理解题。根据第三段第一句中的叙述可知，这家公司说在引进高科技产品，结合本段最后两句的叙述可知，顾客对可持续性产品越来越关注，因此这家百货公
30、司为满足这一市场要求，引进智能垃圾桶，由此可判断出引入高科技可循环垃圾桶的目的是满足不断增加的需求，故 D 项正确。10Where will the first version of new“smart bin”be used according to Bin.Es official?A.At home.B.In the supermarket.C.In the office.D.In the open air.答案与解析 C 间接信息理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句中的“at first only a larger version designed for offices will be ava
31、ilable”可知，第一批智能垃圾桶将用于办公室，故 C 项正确。加练阅读七选五(2019烟台二模)体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自然 难度：Fake Your Way to A Bigger GardenThere is a great joy to be gained from creating a pleasing display through a proper choice of plants,one that satisfies the eyes,ears and nose.1，any way that gives an illusion(错觉)of greater space is
32、 worth recommending and involving in a garden design.2.Thus it can bring more light of the sky into the garden,making it feel less enclosed.While open space overhead makes a garden feel bigger,at ground level things work a little differently.A garden seen in its entirety at one glance seems smaller
33、than one where some parts are out of immediate view.A number of smaller areas can be distinguished by fences or by tall brushes;perhaps with shelves lightly dressed with climbers.Such areas can be furnished with seats.3，as people usually prefer to sit with their backs to something solid.One way of i
34、ncreasing the impression of length in a rectangular plot is to introduce beds which narrow at the far end of the garden.A pathway of paving slabs(石板)of decreasing size also deepens the illusion.The slightly-cut shapes in these borders will attract and hold the eyes,making the viewer take longer to c
35、over the whole area.4.Every gardener is interested in color.5.Usually,bright colors that draw instant attention have the potential to destroy a larger effect,so quieter tones are often preferable throughout most of the garden.A.And they are best placed against a wall or a fenceB.Since many gardens a
36、re smaller than their owners would likeC.But its effect in a garden landscape is not always appreciatedD.One of the steps to take is to lower the surrounding boundariesE.Even if you dream of having a fantastic garden everyone envies you forF.Planting small-leaved plants at the gardens end also makes
37、 it seem further awayG.Every color plays an important and positive part in the decoration of a garden答案与解析【语篇解读】你的庭院花园看起来很小？以下的花园设计在视觉上可以扩大你的小花园，让你拥有一个看上去又大又美的花园。好词积累 enclosed adj.封闭的；be furnished with 配备有；in its entirety 整个地1B 根据空后的“任何一种能造成一种较大空间的错觉的方法都值得推荐和应用到花园设计中”可知，设空处与空间大小有关，故 B 项“由于很多花园都比主人想要
38、的要小”符合语境，与空后一句构成因果关系。故 B 项正确。2D 根据空后一句“这样的话花园会更透光，从而减少花园的密闭性”可知，设空处与如何使花园更明亮有关，故 D 项“其中一个步骤是降低花园四周围栏的高度”符合语境。故 D 项正确。3A 根据空前一句“这些地方可以配备上座椅”可知，设空处与座椅有关；根据空后一句“因为人们通常更喜欢背对着结实的东西坐着”可知，A 项“最好把它们靠着墙或围栏放置”与上下文呼应，说明座椅的位置。其中 they指代上一句中的 seats。故 A 项正确。4F 根据本段首句中的“One way of increasing the impression of length”和空前一句中的“making the viewer take longer to cover the whole area”可知，本段讲述的是如何从视觉上使花园看上去更长。故 F 项“在花园尽头种植小叶植物也会使它看起来更幽远”符合语境。5C 根据空后一句“通常鲜艳的颜色虽能立刻引人注目却有可能毁掉更好的效果，所以暗淡一些的颜色适合花园的大部分地方”，介绍颜色选择的误区。故 C 项“但是它在园林景观中的作用并不总是被很好地理解”符合语境，其中 its 指代空前一句中的 color。故 C 项正确。
