1、专题十代词课前体验领悟选词填空1He searched here and there but couldnt find the present, the_one his girlfriend sent to him last year.2His sudden look of fear made it clear that he had something to do with the matter.3(2012济南模拟)His advertisement income this year is about $ 36 million, over three times that of last
2、year.4(2013海淀区期末)Is he leaving tomorrow?No. Hell continue to stay here for another four or five days.5(2012河北邢台一模)Susan wrote to her son to know about whether everything was going along well with him.课堂考前讲练it的用法1.it指代前面所提到过的事情、事物；身份不明的人或婴儿，未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。The Parkers bought a new house but it will
3、 need a lot of work before they can move in.(指双方都明白的事情)帕克一家买了一套新房子，但是在入住之前有大量的工作需要去做。2it用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.(2011四川高考)新的科技使得在高效低成本的前提下生产出新的产品变为可能。As far as Im concerned, its no u
4、se arguing with him, he wont change his mind.就我个人而言，同他争论没用，他不会改变主意。3表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面接it，构成固定结构，这类动词有enjoy, prefer, love, like, hate, dislike, appreciate等。They would appreciate it, to be frank, if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.坦率地说，如果货物尽快被送到，他们会感激不尽。Laughter is the best medicine
5、at least when it comes to protecting your heart.(2013河北石家庄一模)笑是最好的药，至少当涉及保护心脏的时候(是这样)。 (2012全国卷)Sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.AherselfBthisCthat Dit解析：考查代词用法。句意：Sarah赶到了机场，正好及时赶上了今天早上的飞机。此处make it to表示“及时到达，赶上”，是固定搭配。 答案：Danother, the other, other, others的区
6、别1.another“另外一个(一些)”，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”。I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face another day like that.(2009山东高考)昨天一整天我都感觉很糟糕，所以今天早晨我决定不能像那样面对另一天了。Shopping on the Internet enables people not to search for goods from one store to another.(2013浙江六校联盟第一次联考)网上购物使人们不必从
7、一家店到另一家店地寻找商品。2the other表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，是特指，常用于one . the other .。Ill spend half of my holiday practising English and the other half learning drawing.(2010新课标全国卷)我准备把我假日时间的一半用来练习英语，另一半时间学习绘画。3other作前置定语，表示“另外的”，是泛指。We study Chinese, maths, English and other lessons.我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他课程。4others作代
8、词，泛指“其他人”或“其他物”。You are a team star! Working with others is really your cup of tea.(2010安徽高考)你是队里的明星！与别人一起工作的确是适合你的。1(2011上海高考)To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered _.Athe other BotherCthe others Danother解析：考查不定代词。句意：为了保持清醒，他喝完了一杯咖啡，又点了一杯。the other指两者中的另一个，不符合语境，故排除；other 后需要名词，排除B项
9、；the others是复数形式，表特指，不符合句意。another“另一个，又一个”，符合语境，故选D。答案：D2(2010全国卷)Neither side is prepared to talk to _ unless we can smooth things over between them.Aothers Bthe otherCanother Done other解析：句意：除非我们能消除他们之间的矛盾，否则他们两人都不打算和对方讲话。others没有范围，指别人；another没有范围，指另一个；the other指两者中的另一方，根据关键词neither(两者都不)，答案选B项。
10、答案：B3(2013安徽名校第一次联考)Did you watch the football match last night?Yes, thats a most close one, and eventually neither could defeat _.Aboth Bthe otherCanother Deach解析：由语意可知，是双方在比赛，实力相当，表示二者中的另外一方，只能用the other。答案：Bit, that, one, those的用法区别1.it意为“它”，特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物。I like this house with a beautiful gard
11、en in front, but I dont have enough money to buy it.(2009四川高考)我喜欢这座前面有花园的房子，但是我没有足够的钱来买它。2that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于the单数/不可数名词。The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than that in any other area of the city.(2010陕西高考)西安市中心的房租比这个城市其他地段的房租都贵。3one替代单数名词，指代上文提到的同类事物中的一个，但不是上文提到的那
12、一个事物，相当于“a单数可数名词”；the one用来替代前面的特指的单数名词，有时可用that替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)。the ones用来替代前面的特指的复数名词，有时可用those替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)。Helping others is a habit, one you can learn even at an early age.(2010山东高考)帮助他人是一种习惯，是一种甚至年幼时你就能学着养成的习惯。Students who do well in examinations are those/the ones who ask questions in clas
13、s.考试成绩好的都是上课爱提问的学生。1(2012浙江高考)Studying Wendys menu, I found that many of the items are similar to _ of McDonalds.AthoseBonesCany Dall解析：考查代词辨析。句意：看了Wendy的菜单，我发现它的很多东西都和麦当劳的类似。由句意知这里用those来指代前文提到的the items。B项ones指代不带定冠词的名词复数形式；C项any修饰名词，意为“任何东西”；D项all则表示“所有东西”，均与句意不符。答案：A2(2012辽宁高考)If youre buying to
14、days paper from the stand, could you get _ for me?Aone BsuchCthis Dthat解析：考查代词。句意：如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸，给我捎回一份好吗？one用来代替上文提到过的paper，相当于a copy of paper。答案：A3. (2011重庆高考)Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.What do you think of_over there?Athe one BthisCit Dthat解析：考查代词用法。 说话人埋怨自己忘记了行李的外观，答话人提醒对方注意那边的
15、行李， 所以用that, 特指the luggage。 luggage是不可数名词， 由此可排除A项； B项与over there矛盾； C项是特指上文已经提到的同一个东西，显然不正确。 答案：Dall, both, either, neither, none的区别1.all表示“三者或三者以上都”，指人或所有的物。All thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.(2010浙江高考)重要的是你尽力朝正确的方向前进。2both表示“两者都”。Did you go to Lo
16、ndon or Paris last year?We went to both. A week in London and two weeks in Paris.你们去年去了伦敦还是巴黎？都去了。在伦敦待了一周在巴黎待了两周。3either表示“(两者中)任何一个”。He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found either of them again.(2010重庆高考)战争中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样都没有了。4neither表示“(两者)都不”。Would you like tea or coffe
17、e?Neither, thank you. Ive just had some water.(2011辽宁高考)你想要茶还是咖啡？都不要，谢谢。我刚喝过一些水。5none表示“(三者或三者以上)都不”。Wow! Youve got so many clothes.But none of them are in fashion now.(2009上海高考)哇！你衣服真多啊！但是没一件是跟得上潮流的。1(2012江苏高考)Sophia waited for a reply, but_ came.Aeither BanotherCneither Dnone解析：考查代词辨析。根据句中表示转折的连词b
18、ut可知，此处应用表示全部否定意义的代词，所以排除A项和B项；neither表示“两者都不”，此处并不表示两者，故排除C。none意为“一个都没有”，通常用于表示“三者或三者以上都不”，符合句意。答案：D2(2012新课标全国卷)Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but _ of them wants to, because they have work to do.Aeither BanyCneither Dnone解析：考查代词。后半句句意：他们两个都不想去，因为他们都有工作要做。对两者的全部否定用neither。答
19、案：C复合不定代词复合不定代词主要由some， any， every， no与one, body, thing构成。1表示“一些事情/东西”：something用于肯定句中，在否定句及疑问句中用anything; everything表示“所有一切，全部”；否定意义用nothing表示“什么也没有”。There is something in his words. We should have a try.(2011四川高考)他的话不无道理，我们应该试一试。2someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, no one 等代词后
20、不能接of短语，此时只能用some one, any one, everyone, none等。I cant find my umbrella. I just put it here a moment ago.Someone must have taken it away by mistake, I think.(2012河南郑州三模)我找不到我的雨伞了。刚才我就把它放在这里了。我想一定有人错拿了那把雨伞。1(2012福建高考)Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?$4, 000, or _ like that.Aanything B
21、everythingCsomething Dnothing解析：考查不定代词。句意：“你算出这次旅行花多少钱了吗？”“4000美元，或者大约这数。”something like that是固定搭配，意为“约略如此”。答案：C2(2011全国卷)I got this bicycle for _： My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.Aeverything Bsomething Canything Dnothing 解析：考查不定代词。根据“My friend gave it to me ”可知，我免费得到了这辆自行车，因此用noth
22、ing, for nothing 表示“免费；不花钱”。答案：Deach, every的用法each强调“个体”，可作代词和形容词，指“两个或两个以上中的每一个”。作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数形式，不可用not each表部分否定；every强调“全体”，只能作定语，指“三个或三个以上中的每一个”。There are trees on each side of the road.路的两边都有树。Every student has to take the examination.All the students have to take the examinat
23、ion.每个学生都必须参加考试。(2012上海高考)When he took his gloves off, I noticed that _ one had his name written inside.Aeach BeveryCother Danother解析：考查代词用法。句意：当他摘掉手套时，我注意到每只手套的里面都写着他的名字。此处的each表示两者中的每一个。B、D两项通常用于三者或三者以上，显然不合适；C项通常修饰复数名词，因此可排除。答案：A课后演练提升.语法与单选1(2013四川高三模拟)The survey shows that women who give late c
24、hildbirth are happier than _ giving early childbirth.AthoseBthemCthese Dit解析：考查代词用法。句意：调查表明晚育的女人比早育的女人更幸福。此处的those代指women, giving early childbirth是后置定语。答案：A2(2013山东潍坊高三模拟)What seems to be a good thing to one person may be a bad thing to _.Aother BanotherCthe other Dthe others解析：考查代词。句意：同样一件事对于一个人来说似
25、乎是好事，而对于另外一个人来说可能就是坏事。another指三个或三个以上中的另外一个。答案：B3(2013东北三校高三第一次联合模拟)Which language are you better at, French or German?To be honest, _. French is no easier than German.Aboth BneitherCeither Dany解析：考查代词。答语中第二句话的意思是“法语不比德语简单”。由此可知，B项正确，即“法语和德语我都不擅长”。答案：B4(2013福建质检)Printing passengers names and ID numb
26、ers on tickets will make _ hard to protect their private information.Aone BthoseCit Dthem解析：考查代词。句意：把乘客的名字和身份证号码印在车票上将会很难保护乘客的私人信息。it在此用作形式宾语，后面的不定式短语是真正的宾语。答案：C5(2012南京三模)Though its economy is speeding fast, Chinas average family income is far below _ of the developed countries.Aeach BthoseCone Dth
27、at解析：考查代词。句意：尽管中国的经济正在加速发展，但是家庭平均收入远远比发达国家的低。that作指示代词，可指代前面提到的人或物，且后面通常用一个后置定语来修饰。又如：Marys handwriting is far better than that of Peter.答案：D6(2013青岛一检)Do you have _ ready for the opening ceremony, Ted?No, we still need some volunteers.Aeverything BsomethingCanything Dnothing解析：考查不定代词。句意：“Ted，你把开幕仪式
28、上的每件事情都准备好了吗？”“还没有，我们仍然需要一些志愿者。”根据句意可知，此处指的是“每件事”，故用everything。答案：A7(2013江南十校联考)If you cant decide which of the two CDs to borrow, why dont you take _？ I wont need them at present.Aall BanyCeither Dboth解析：考查代词用法。结合空格处前后部分的内容可知，说话人建议对方把“两”张CD都借走。both表示“两者，两个都”，符合句意。答案：D8(2013长春第一次调研)Its ashamed of hi
29、m to have got so much help from others but give _ to the society in return.Ano one BnoneCa little Dmuch解析：句意：令他感到羞愧的是，他从别人那里得到很多帮助却没有回报给社会任何东西。答案：B9(2012吉林二模)Mr. Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _ who had already had them.Aones Bthe onesCsome Dthe others解析：句意：张先生把课本发给所有的学生，那些已经有课本的除
30、外。the ones the pupils，表特指；ones表泛指；some表泛指；the others不与前面的all搭配。答案：B10(2012北京海淀二模)As the intelligence of robots increases to match _ of humans, we may use them to expand our frontiers.Ait BthatCwhich Dthem解析：考查代词的指代用法。句意：由于机器人的智力水平不断提高，以匹配人类的智力水平，我们可以利用它们发展我们的尖端领域。that代替特指的不可数名词the intelligence，指同类而不
31、同物。而it指代前文提到的同一事物。答案：B11(2012山西四校三模)Why dont you bring _ to his attention that now students are bearing too heavy a learning load?Ait BthisCthat Dwhat解析：句意：你为什么没让他注意到现在的学生们有太重的学习负担呢？it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that now students are bearing too heavy a learning load。答案：A12(2013北京海淀期中考试)You seem busy these days.Yes
32、. Im looking for a house. Its really not easy to find _ with a garden.Athis BoneCit Dthat解析：句意：“这些天你好像很忙。”“是的，我在找房子。找一所带花园的房子真不容易。”此处用one代替泛指的单数名词a house; it指同名同物；that the单数名词/不可数名词。答案：B13(2013重庆部分学校高三联考)How can I help _ if people just dont follow my advice?Ait BthatDthem Cthis解析：考查代词用法。句意：如果人们不肯听从我
33、的建议，我该怎么办呢？help, appreciate等动词后要接when或if引导的句子时，其后要先接it，it无实义。答案：A14(2013北京重点高中尖子生综合素质展示)Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?Yes. Im going to a peaceful place, especially _ suitable for relaxation.Aone Bthe oneCthat Dthis解析：答句句意：我将去一个宁静的地方，尤其是一个适合放松的地方。one指代a place。答案：A15(2013西安第一次质检)Can I
34、have some milk for my coffee?Im afraid there is _ left.Anothing Bno oneCnone Dneither解析：none表示“没有”，既可以指人，也可以指物，但此处指的是物，强调的是数量。答案：C.语法与阅读用所学语法知识破译下列长难句1(2012四川高考阅读C)It takes confidence to make a new start theres a dark period inbetween where youre neither one thing nor the other.结构分析本句中it为形式主语，代替句中的不
35、定式to make a new start。where引导宾语从句，neither . nor .表示“既不也不”。尝试翻译重新开始确实需要信心在你什么都不是的时候，生活是一片黑暗。2(2012重庆高考阅读B)In fact, it is hard for you to see the painting clearly because you have to stay away from it for security reasons.结构分析本句中第一个it为形式主语，代替句中的不定式to see the painting clearly，第二个it指代名词the painting。beca
36、use引导原因状语从句。尝试翻译事实上，要想看清楚画是很难的，因为考虑到安全你必须与其保持一定的距离。3(2012重庆高考阅读B)However, not every dolphin will welcome having their busy, tiring day interrupted by tourists screaming and pushing around them in the water.结构分析本句中not every为代词every 的不完全否定，另外，having为动名词作welcome的宾语，tourists screaming and pushing around
37、 them in the water为动名词的复合结构作介词by的宾语，interrupted为过去分词作宾语补足语。尝试翻译然而，并不是所有的海豚都会喜欢它们忙碌而又疲惫的一天被游客们的尖叫及拍打而搅乱。.语法与写作按要求完成下列写作佳句(句式转换)1If you find you have difficulty in calming yourself down before the exam, you can take deep breath exercise. (用it作形式宾语改写句子)If you find it_difficult_to_calm_yourself_down bef
38、ore the exam, you can take deep breath exercise.2To her parents disappointment, she takes no interest in study and her brother doesnt have interest in study, either.(同义句转换)To her parents disappointment, neither she nor her brother takes interest in study.3Some students passed the exam, and others failed in it.(同义句转换)Not_all the students passed the exam.