1、主语从句和同位语从句1. It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.A. which B. that C. whether D. as【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主语从句。句意:学生们显然应该为他们的未来做好充分的准备。此句用it做形式主语指代主语从句“_they should get well prepared for their future”,引导词在主语从句中不做任何成分且无意义,所以用that引导。故选B项。2. _ is troubling me is _ I don
2、t understand _ he saidA. What; that; what B. What; what; whatC. That; that; what D. Why; that; which【答案解析】 A【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:我烦恼的是我不明白他说的话。第一空是主语从句,从句中缺主语,要用What;第二空是表语从句,从句不缺成分,所以要填that;第三空是宾语从句,从句中的动词understand缺宾语,要填what。综合分析可知选A。3. _ matters most in learning languages is enough practice.A. What B.
3、Why C. As D. Which【答案解析】 A【详解】考查主语从句。句意:学习语言最重要的是足够的练习。_ matters most in learning languages是一个主语从句,缺乏主语,用what引导,指代“的(事情、东西)”。故选A项。4. It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.A. that B. what C. how D. whether【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主语从句。句意:
4、尽管大约有两千名病人已经服用了这种药物,但是它会产生什么样的副作用现在还不能确定。A. that引导名词性从句,只起连接作用,无实意;B. what什么;C. how如何;D. whether是否。该句中it是形式主语,后面的从句是主语从句,根据句意此处表示“什么样的”,应用what引导该从句,what修饰后面的side effect(副作用)。故选B。5. In my view, _ impresses me about her writing is the passion she shows.A. who B. which C. what D. whether【答案解析】 C【详解】考查连
5、接词。句意:在我看来,让我印象深刻的是她的写作热情。本句中_ impresses me about her writing为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,结合句意应用what。故选C。6. was needed at that time, she told me, was some good luck.A. That B. As C. It D. What【答案解析】 D【详解】考查主语从句。句意:她告诉我,在那时她所需要的东西是一些好运。在这句话中she told me做插入语不影响句子结构,所以在第二个was之前是主语从句作句子主语。在主语从句中缺“什么”作句子主语,所以我们用what引导主语
6、从句。故此题选D。7. Anyone who wants to can call any timepiece a clock, but technically speaking, only _ ones ring out the time actually deserve the name.A. whatever B. whenever C. whichever D. wherever【答案解析】 C【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:任何人都可以把任何时钟叫做钟,但是技术上来说,只有那些报时的钟才配得上这个名字。分析句子结构可知,空白处与其后的ones ring out the time一起作主语
7、,需要一个连接词,其中考虑空白处作定语修饰主语ones,要用whichever表示“无论哪个”。在意义上大致相当于 the person or the thing that。故选C项。8. It is _ he said _ is very important to me.A. what; that B. that; that C. all that; what D. which; that【答案解析】 A【详解】考查主语从句和强调句型。句意:他说的话对我很重要。该句是一个强调句型“It is/was +强调部分+that+其他”,被强调的部分是一个主语从句,主语从句的连接词既起引导作用又做主
8、语从句谓语动词的宾语,由what充当。故选A。9. It was _ they did _ made the Korean actress commit suicide.A. that; which B. which; that C. what; that D. how; which【答案解析】 C【详解】考查主语从句和强调句。句意:就是他们所做的事使那个韩国女演员自杀了。分析句子可知,第二个空考查强调句型:it is +被强调的部分+that/who+其他,因此第二个空填that;此句被强调的部分“_ they did”是句子“made the Korean actress commit s
9、uicide”的主语,因此是主语从句,此空在从句中作did的宾语,译为“的事”,因此连接词选what。故选C。【点睛】强调句是一种特殊句式,固定句型为:it is +被强调的部分+that/who+其他,如果被强调的部分指人,用that或者who都可以,如果被强调的部分指物,只能用that。强调句的特点是去掉结构it isthat/who,剩下的部分仍然是一个完整的句子。分析句子可知,第二个空考查强调句型:it is +被强调的部分+that/who+其他,因此第二个空填that;此句被强调的部分“_ they did”是句子“made the Korean actress commit su
10、icide”的主语,因此是主语从句,此空在从句中作did的宾语,译为“的事”,因此引导词选what。故选C。10. One of the men holds the view _ the book said was right.A. that B. whether C. what that D. that what【答案解析】 D【详解】考查同位语从句及主语从句。句意:其中一个人认为这本书说的是对的。分析句子可知,the view后面接了一个同位语从句(_ the book said was right),从句句子成分齐全,应使用that引导,连接词在从句中不做成分,无意义;在同位语从句中又有
11、一个主语从句(_ the book said),在主语从句中said缺少宾语,应用what引导,指代“的(事情、东西)”。故选D项。11. They have no idea at all _.A. where he has gone B. why he was questioned by the policeC. Both A and B D. where has he gone【答案解析】 C【详解】考查名词性从句语序。句意:他们根本不知道他去哪儿了。/他们完全不知道他为什么被警察盘问。本句为宾语从句,从句部分需用陈述句语序,A、B选项均符合语境,故选C。【点睛】名词性从句的语序问题名词性
12、从句的词序与陈述句语序相同,尤其注意那些由连接代词who(m), whose, which, what 和连接副词 when, where, why 等引导的名词性从句,不要受它们在特殊疑问句中用法的影响而误用疑问句词序。如:I dont know why he was crying. 我不知道她为什么哭。You have no idea how worried I was! 你不知道我多着急!The problem is who can be sent to replace him. 问题是能派谁去顶替他。Where I spend my summer is no business of y
13、ours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。12. We should consider students suggestion _ the school library provide more books on popular science.A. that B. when C. whether D. why【答案解析】 A【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:我们应该考虑学生的(关于)学校图书馆(应该)提供更多的科普书籍的建议。分析可知,“the school library provide more books on popular science”应是之前名词“students suggestio
14、n”的同位语从句,解释说明其具体内容。此处suggestion 为“建议”含义,其后的同位语从句应是虚拟语气句式,即:从句中的谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的形式,其中should一词可省。结合从句句子成分结构完整,句意完整,应用that引导从句。故选A项。13. We should consider students suggestion _ the school library provide more books on popular science. A. that B. when C. whether D. why【答案】A【解析】本题中可以根据句意分析得知,空后内容应是
15、之前名词的同位语从句,同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句,即that 不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,不可省略。因此该题的答案应是A项。14. There is a common belief among the students in our school _ they should make great efforts to learn and reach the peak of their academic performances.A. which B. that C. whether D. if【答案解析】 B【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:我们学校的学生有一个共同的信念,那
16、就是他们应该努力学习,达到学业的顶峰。在这句话中名词belief(信念)后所带的从句,就是对这个名词belief(信念)的解释说明,两者是同一个事物,所以是同位语从句。而且在这句话中成分完整,不缺其他意思,只起引导作用,故用that引导起连接作用。故此题选B。15. I have no doubt _ well succeed.A. what B. whether C. when D. that【答案解析】 D【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:毫无疑问,我们会成功。I have no doubt that名词doubt后为同位语从句,从句句意和句子结构完整,所以连接词为that。故选D项。16.
17、Last Sunday he made a promise _ he was free he would take me to Beijing for a visit.A if B. when C. that if D. whether【答案解析】 C【详解】考查同位语从句和条件状语从句。句意:上星期天他答应我,如果他有空,他就带我游览北京。分析句子可知,promise后接同位语从句,句意和句子结构完整,所以连接词为that, 根据句意,同位语从句为if引导的条件状语从句。故选C项。17. _, Toscanini was born in Italy in 1867.A. He was a g
18、reat conductor B. A great conductorC A great conductor who was D. Though a great conductor【答案解析】 B【详解】考查同位语。句意:伟大的指挥家托斯卡尼尼1867年出生于意大利。分析句子结构可知此处用名词短语作Toscanini的同位语,补充说明主语Toscanini的身份。根据逗号可知,A选择项缺少连词连接。故B项正确。18. Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no
19、idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities.A. when B. whyC. that D. how【答案解析】 B【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:迈克做出了放弃耶鲁大学的邀约是真的吗?是的,但是我不知道他为什么这么做,那是他最喜欢的大学之一。A项表“时间”,D项表“方式”,均不合题意。have no idea =“not” know,后面的从句应该表示“疑问”,排除表“确定事实”的C项。故本题选择B项。why表示“原因”,引导同位语从句解释说明idea。Mike放弃了最心仪的耶鲁大学,令人不解其故。故选B。19. As Po
20、lly observed the passengers on the train. she had a feeling_ she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat.A. where B. when C. which D. that【答案解析】 D【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:当波莉看到火车上的乘客时。她有一种感觉,她正被一个穿黑大衣的高个子男人监视着。feeling后接同位语从句,从句句意和句子成分完整,所以连接词为that。故选D项。20. I have no doubt _ hell come to our help if we call him.A. whether B. ifC. that D. when【答案解析】 C【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:如果我们打电话给他,我相信他一定会来帮助我们的。分析句子结构可知此处为同位语从句,从句结构完整,用that只起引导作用,不作任何成分,补充说明doubt的内容,故C项正确。