1、Unit 1 Cultural Heritage一、词汇解析1. former adj. 以前的； （两者中）前者的in former times 从前former president 前总统former husband 前夫the former the latter 前者后者2. preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持n. 保护区preservefrom 保护免于preserve the peace 维护和平preserver n. 保护人；维护者preservation n. 维护；保护；保持；保存 3. promote vt. 促进；提升；推销；晋级promote sb. to 提升
2、某人为be promoted to. . . 被提升为be promoted to. . . 晋级为promote their new books 促销他们的新书promotion n. 提升；提拔；晋升；晋级；升级；促销活动4. application n. 申请（表）； 用途；运用；应用（程序）an application form 申请表an application for. . . 的申请apply (to. . . ) for. . . (向)申请apply v. 申请；运用；应用； (对) 适用；专心致志apply to. . . 适用于apply. . .to. . . 把应用到
3、apply oneself (to doing sth. ) 专心致志（做某事）applicant n. 申请人application意为“应用程序”时，可以缩写成app。5. take part in 参与（某事）； 参加（某活动）take part in = participate inplay a part in 参与辨析： join/join in/take part in/attend（1）join表示加入某个组织或党派，也可后接某人表示“和某人一起”；（2）join in表示参加某项活动，此时可以与take part in互换；（3）attend表示参加某种会议或仪式活动。相关短语
4、：take down写下；记下take in 吸收；接纳；欺骗take on 承担；呈现take apart拆卸；拆开take away 带走；减去take over 接收；接管6. give way to 让步；屈服feel ones way 摸索着前进；小心从事make ones way(to) （朝）前进相关短语：giveaway 赠送；泄露give in 屈服，让步；上交give up 放弃；投降give off 发出（光、热、声音、气体等）give out分发；垮掉；发出（热、声音、信号等）7. balance n. 平衡；均匀vt. 使平衡keep a balance betwee
5、n and 保持与之间的平衡balance A with/and B 同等重视/兼顾和keep (ones) balance 保持平衡lose (ones) balance 失去平衡；摔倒8. lead to 导致lead sb. to 引导某人去（地方）lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事lead to sb. doing sth. 导致某人做某事lead a. . .life 过的生活lead the way 领路；带路；处于领先地位lead sb. to/into. . . 引领某人去/进入lead n. 领先地位take the lead 领先in the lead
6、处于领先地位9. proposal n. 提议；建议agree to sbs proposal 同意某人的建议10. likely adj. 可能的adv. 可能地be likely to do 可能做某事Its likely that 很可能It is unlikely that不太可能11. turn to 向求助相关短语：turn on 打开turn off关闭turn in交上；提交turn down调低；拒绝turn up调高；出现turn out结果是；证明是12. limit n. 限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定limit to 把限制在内（to时介词）be limited to
7、 被限制在beyond/over the limit 超过限度within limits 在某种程度上；有一定限制set a limit on. . . 对设限There is a limit to 有对的限制13. prevent vt. 阻止；阻碍；阻挠prevention n.阻止prevent sb./sth. 阻止某人或某物prevent.from. 阻止做14. loss n. 丧失；损失at a loss 茫然；不知所措suffer a loss (of) 蒙受（的）损失loss of sight 失明lose vt. 失去be lost in 全神贯注；沉浸于15. contr
8、ibution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；捐赠contribute to 为.捐献/撰稿；导致；促成contribute to 向捐献/赠；投稿make great contributions to (doing) sth. 对（做）某事做出了巨大的贡献16. within prep. & adv. （某段时间、距离或范围）之内within ones reach 在某人伸手可及的范围之内within ones power 在某人的能力范围之内17. conduct n.行为；举止；管理方法vt. 组织；安排；带领under the conduct o
9、f 在管理/指导下cheating conduct 舞弊/欺诈行为conduct sb. into/to 领某人进入/到conduct sb. over/around 引导某人参观conduct an interview/survey 采访/调查conduct a study/research 进行研究/调查conduct activities 组织活动conduct oneself well/ badly 举止（表现）好差18. donate vt. （尤指向慈善机构）捐赠；赠送；献（血）donate to 向捐赠donate blood 献血make donations to 向捐赠19.
10、 attempt n. & vt. 企图；试图；尝试attempt to do 努力/尝试做make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 尝试做某事make an attempt at/on 尝试ones first attempt at/on. 某人第一次尝试20. make sure 确保；设法保证；（把某事）弄清楚；查明make sure of (doing) sth. 确保（做）某事make sure that. 确保/查明be sure of/about.肯定/确信be sure that. 确信for sure无疑；肯定21. worthwhile adj
11、. 值得做的；值得花时间的It is worthwhile doing/ to do sth. 值得做某事worthwhile可以单独作表语或定语（句子成分）22. entrance n. 入口；进入at the entrance to 在的入口处entrance fee 入场费make ones entrance into 进入23. process n. 过程；进程；步骤 vt. 处理；加工in process 在进行中in the process of 在过程中in the process 同时be processed into. . . 被制成24. forgive vt. & vi.
12、 原谅；宽恕 vt. 对不起；请原谅forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人（做了）某事forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事forgive and forget 不念旧恶；不记仇forgiveness n. 宽恕；原谅ask/ beg/ pray for (sbs) forgiveness 请求（某人的）原谅forgiving adj. 宽宏大量的；宽容的forgiving nature宽厚的天性25. throughout prep. 各处；遍及；自始至终throughout the world 遍及世界各地throughout the year 一年到头
13、26. quality n. 质量；品质；素质；特征 adj. 优质的；高质量的be of good/high quality 高/好质量quality and quantity 质量和数量quality guarantee 品质保障core quality 核心素养quality products优质产品quality-oriented education 素质教育27. tradition n. 传统；传统的信仰或风俗It is a tradition to do sth. / that 做某事/是一种传统by tradition 按照传统风俗traditional adj. 传统的；惯例
14、的28. historic adj. 历史上著名（或重要）的；有史时期的historical adj. （有关）历史的；历史题材的prehistoric adj. 史前的29. opinion n. 意见；想法；看法in ones opinion 在某人看来have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of 对评价好/不好/高/低what is ones opinion (on/about)? 某人（对）的看法是什么？be of the opinion that 相信；认为30. comparison n. 比较；相比by /in comparison (with s
15、b./ sth.) （与某人/某物）相比较a comparison of A and /to / with B A与B的比较31. contrast n. 对比；对照by contrast 对比之下，相反in contrast to/ with 和形成对比，和对照contrast A with B 比较A和Bin contrast 比较起来；与此相反32. identify vt.确认；认出；找到identify sb. doing sth. 确认某人做某事identify oneself as 自称是二、习题训练1.We can only tell good from bad by _ (c
16、ompare).2.He was too far away to be able to _ (identity) his face.3.The _(tradition) breakfast in this area includes bacon and eggs.4.Dont you think it worthwhile _(donate) blood to help those in need?5.The _ as a doctor is admired, and you have become a _. Congratulations! (profession)6.With the de
17、velopment of _ (数字的）technology, sound and video can now be stored either on a PC or on the Internet.7.Please write to me soon and tell me your _ (意见) about it.8.The Chinese hope that the world is at peace _ (永远).9.It is a _ (传统）that women get married in red in most places of China.10.In the _ (过程) o
18、f growth，we need to understand our parents.11.I plan to fix a lamp in the kitchen and a new (镜子) for the bathroom.12.In China, the idea of the _ (龙) may have come from the alligator.13.He told us that his _ (屋顶) needed to be repaired.14. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。compare, contrast, far, identify, image, parap
19、hrase, quality, quote, tradition, throughout1.America is _ than Japan, but it is beneficial for our _ study abroad.2.He has a _ view of women that they cant enter jobs _ done by men.3.You are a public figure, so you should know how to improve your personal4.When _ carefully, the human heart is weak
20、in _ with other organs.5.He is a young man with fine _, and completely _ for the position.6._ winter, bears sleep under snow until the weather becomes warm enough for them to wake up.7.The police have already _ about 10 murder suspects.8.She likes _ lines from her favourite poems. With these _, she
21、can express her feelings better.9.Would you _ the sentence for me? I really cant understand it.10.Though there are similarities in the two cultures, there are also great _.15. Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the 1 (protect) of cultural sites can be a big challenge. Big cha
22、llenges, however, can sometimes lead 2 great solutions. In 3 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order 4 (control) floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more 5 (farmer) in the area. But the proposal led to protests 6 water from the dam would likely
23、damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics. After 7 (listen) to the scientists who 8 (study) the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.A committee 9 (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the
24、loss of cultural relics. Finally, the work began in 1960.When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together
25、 to build a 10 (good) tomorrow.答案1.答案：comparison解析：考查词性转换.句意:我们只能通过比较辨别 好坏. by comparison相比较.2.答案：identify解析：考查词性转换.句意:他离得太远,没法识别面孔. be able to后跟动词原形. 3.答案：traditional解析：考查词性转换.句意:这个地区传统的早餐包括熏猪肉和鸡蛋.此处作定语修饰名词breakfast,故用形容词。4.答案：donating/to donate5.答案：profession, professional6.答案：digital7.答案：opinion8
26、.答案：forever9.答案：tradition10.答案：process11.答案：mirror12.答案：dragon13.答案：roof 14.答案：1. farther, further 2. traditional, traditionally 3. image 4. compared, comparison 5. qualities, qualified 6. Throughout 7. identified 8. quoting, quotations 9. paraphrase 10. contrast15.答案：l. protection 2.to 3.the 4.to c
27、ontrol 5.farmers 6.because 7.listening 8.had studied 9.was established 10.better 解析：l. protection考查词性转换。定冠词the修饰名词，故用名词形式。2.to考查介词。lead to导致。3.the考查冠词。在年代前应用定冠词。in the 1950s在二十 世纪五十年代。4.to control考查固定搭配。in order to do sth.为了做某事。5.farmers考查名词复数。farmer为可数名词，此处被more修 饰，因此应用复数形式。6.because考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处表示原 因，故用because引导原因状语从句。7.listening考查非谓语动词。介词after后应用动名词。8.had studied考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的过去，因此 用过去完成时。9.was established考查动词的时态和语态。主语committee与 establish之间为被动关系，由上下文语境可知，设空处动作发 生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。10.better考查形容词的比较级。此处暗含比较，因此应使用 比较级。