1、Unit 2English around the world核心单词officialofficeofficervoyagenative1._ adj.官方的；正式的；公务的_ n.办公室_ n.官员；公务员；军官；武官2._ n.航行；航海3._ adj.本国的；本地的n.本地人；本国人4._ adv.实际上；事实上_ adj.实际的5._ vt.以为根据n.基部；基地；基础_adj.基础的_ n.基础；基本原则actuallyactualbasebasicbasis6._ adj.逐渐的；逐步的_ adv.逐渐地；逐步地7._ n.词汇；词汇量；词表8._ n.拼写；拼法_ v.拼写9._
2、adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的10._ n.本身；本体；身份_ adj.同一的；完全相同的_ v.鉴定；识别；判断身份11._ adj.流利的；流畅的_ adv.流利地；流畅地_ n.流利；流畅spellspellinggradualgraduallyvocabularylatteridentityidenticalidentifyfluentfluentlyfluency12._ adj.频繁的；常见的_ adv.常常；频繁地_ n.频繁；频率13._ n.使用；用法；词语惯用法_ v.使用_ adj.有用的，有益的_ adj.无用的_ adj.用过的；二手的14._ n.&vt.
3、命令；指令；掌握15._ n.&vt.请求；要求16._ n.词语；表示；表达_ v.表达frequentfrequentlyfrequencyuseusageusefuluselessusedcommandrequestexpressionexpress17._ adj.非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的_n.非洲AfricanAfricaSpanishSpain18._ adj.西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的 n.西班牙人；西班牙语_ n.西班牙easterneast19._ adj.东方的；东部的_ n.东方，东部20._ vt.辨认出；承认；公认_ n.认出；辨认recognizereco
4、gnizationaccentstraight21._ n.口音；腔调；重音22._ adv.直接；挺直adj.直的；笔直的；正直的常考短语becausecomecommunicate1._ of 因为；由于2._ if 即使；尽管3._ up 走近；上来；提出4._ with 和交流5.be _ on 以为基础6.at _ 现在；目前7._ _ of 利用；使用presentmakeuseevenbasedsuchnumberleavebelievenot8._ as 例如；像这种的9.the _ of.的数量10._ for 动身前往 11._ it or _ 信不信由你12._ Engl
5、ish 标准英语13._ a _(in)扮演一个角色；参与standardplaypart经典佳句evenifmorethanthingas1.Native English speakers can understand each other _ they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。2.It was based _ on German _ the English wespeak at present.当时的英语与我们今天所说的英语相比，更多的是以德语为基础。3.Believe it o
6、r not,there is no _ _ _standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。suchinthewayinwhich4.However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences_ _ _ people speak.然而，在电视和广播上你会听到人们说话方式的不同。5.The USA is a large country _ _ manydifferent dialects are spoken.美国是一个大国，那里有许多不同种类的方言。课文回顾English changed and developed w
7、hen cultures met andcommunicated 1._ each other.From about AD 450 to 1150,new 2._(settle)to England enriched the English languageand enlarged 3._(it)vocabulary.In 1620,some British people4._(move)to other countries,and 5._(gradual),English 6._(speak)in many other countries.By the 19th century Americ
8、an English 7._(spell)got a separate identity 8._ Noah Webster wrote hisdictionary.At present,people speak English as 9._ foreignor second language in South Asia.China may have the 10._(large)number of English learners.withsettlersitsmovedgraduallywas spokenspellingwhenalargest单句语法填空anupmadethatof1.A
9、t present,electricity plays _ important part inpeoples daily life.2.Whatever problem comes _ at the meeting,you willhave to discuss it and try to make a decision.3.All the remaining time must be _(make)good useof so that the project can be completed on time.4.(2017 年天津卷 单项填空)It was when I got back t
10、o myapartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.5.Many beautiful fish are disappearing because _ thesevere pollution.6.At the meeting,I got bored and _(actual)fell asleepfor a few minutes.actuallygraduallyfluently7.(2018 年江苏卷任务型阅读)Arts have a _(gradual)spreading effect.8.Most of exchange studen
11、ts can speak Chinese _(fluent)and accurately.9.(2017 年天津卷 单项填空)I was watching the clock allthrough the meeting,as I had a train _(catch).10.(2017 年江苏卷 单项填空)Located _ the Beltmeets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Roadconstruction.to catchwhere1.base vt.以为根据n.基部；基地；基础base.on/upon
12、.依据，以为依据be based on/upon 以为基础basic adj.基本的；基础的basis n.基础；基本原则on the basis of 根据；在的基础上用法指引base 是及物动词，其过去分词已经形容词化，因此在句中based(on)可直接做表语、定语和状语。运用用 base 的适当形式填空(1)First，he showed us the _(base)steps and skills ofmaking dough figurines.basicbasedBasing(2)The research group produced two reports _(base)on t
13、he survey,but neither contained any useful suggestions.(3)_(base)an important decision more on emotionthan on reason,you will regret it sooner or mand n.&vt.命令；指令；掌握take command of 控制in command of 指挥；掌握have a good command of sth.精通某物under ones command 由某人指挥at ones command 听某人支配command sb.to do sth.命
14、令某人做某事command that-clause 命令/下令(从句用虚拟语气)用法指引command 后接从句时，从句的谓语动词用(should)do/bedone，表示“要求；命令”等。类似用法的动词有 order,suggest,insist,advise,recommend,demand,request,desire,require,urge,prefer,propose 等。运用单句语法填空to describe(should)describe(1)The police commanded the witness _(describe)what had happened the da
15、y before.The police commanded that the witness _(describe)what had happened the day before.(2)What would you like me to do?Im _ your command.(3)He has a good command _ English,which is anadvantage over others.atof3.request n.&vt.请求；要求at the request of sb./at sb.s request 依照某人的要求/请求make(a)request for
16、 sth./that-clause 请求；要求request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事request sth.of/from sb.向某人要求某物request that-clause 请求/要求(从句用虚拟语气)It is requested that.(should)do sth.要求 用法指引动词 request 后的宾语从句以及名词 request 后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，谓语动词一律为(should)动词原形。运用同义句转换，每空一词(1)We requested Mr.Wang not to smoke in the office.We reques
17、ted that Mr.Wang _ _ _in the office.shouldnotsmokearerequestedto(2)It is requested that all the club members attend the annualmeeting.All the club members _ _ _attend the annual meeting.(3)He requested that he should be transferred to anotherdepartment.athisrequestHe was transferred to another depar
18、tment _ _.4.recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认recognize.as/to be 公认或承认为/是 recognize.by/from.从中辨认出 be recognized as 被公认为 It is recognized that-clause 人们意识到 recognition n.认识；认出beyond(all)recognition 认不出来写作佳句It is universally recognized that environmental pollution hasbecome one of the most serious problems.人们普遍认为
19、环境污染已经成为最严重的问题之一。运用用 recognize 的适当形式填空(1)James Brindley is _(recognize)as one of theleading early canal engineers.recognizedrecognize(2)(2016 年新课标卷阅读理解 D)Nurses should _(recognize)their own personal and cultural construction of silenceso that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowe
20、d togo on unnecessarily.being recognized(3)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore he can goshopping without _(recognize).(4)_(recognize)in public has broughther much trouble,so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid_(recognize).Being recognizedbeing recognized/recognition1.because of 因为；由于易混辨
21、析because of 和 because(1)because of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词(短语)以及名词性从句做宾语。(2)because 是连词，后接原因状语从句。联想发散表示原因的短语有：due to,owing to,thanks to,on account of,as a result of 等，但其用法各有不同。(1)due to 表示“由于，因造成”，主要引导表语，也可用来引导状语(此时不用于句首)，也可做定语。(2)owing to 表示“由于，因为，多亏”，主要在句中做状语，有时做表语；做状语时，习惯上用逗号和句子其他部分分开。(3)thanks to 表示“由
22、于或因为某人(某事)”，通常用于好的方面，意为“多亏”，引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末。(4)on account of 作“因为”讲，后面常接名词。(5)as a result of 表示“作为的结果；由于”，可置于句首或句中。运用用上面的单词或短语填空(1)I went back not _ the rain but _I was tired.because ofbecausethanks to(2)The play succeeded _fine acting by all thecast.(3)He was granted special admission _his effort.o
23、n account of/because of/(4)They decided to postpone the trip,_ thebad weather.owing toas a result of/(5)Millions of people are threatened with starvation _ drought and poor harvests.due tobecause e up 走近；上来；提出come up to 走向(某人)；到达(标准等)；符合come up with 想出；提出(方法、观点等)；赶上用法指引一般来说，come up 表示被提出，它的主语是事或物，不能
24、用于被动语态；而 come up with 的主语是人，后面一定要接宾语，意为“提出(观点、计划)”等。运用单句改错up 后加 with去掉 been(1)So how can you come up brilliant daydreams and avoidfalling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?_(2)The problem has been come up at the meeting just now._(3)As soon as the project came up with at the meeting,i
25、tattracted many peoples attention.去掉 with_(4)When the moon came on,the young people began theircelebration.onup_3.make use of 利用；使用make good/full use of 好好/充分利用make the best/most use of 充分利用make little use of 几乎不利用，不充分利用come into use 开始被使用be of(great)use 很有用go/put to good use 好好使用put.into/to use 把投入
26、使用写作佳句(1)(2017 年新课标卷完形填空)I just want to see the ticketgo to good use and for someone to experience a lot of joy.我只是想看到这张票得到充分利用，让某个人体验到许多快乐。(2)You cannot choose what you are given,but you can choosehow to make use of it.你无法选择你得到的一切，但你可以选择利用它的方式。运用单句语法填空madeMaking(1)(2018 年江苏卷任务型阅读)Teco Theatrical Pr
27、oductionsInc._(make)use of Bloombergs investment of$35,000 toget nearly$400,000 in public and private sector support during thetwo-year period.(2)_(make)full use of time is a good habit，whichrequires one to plan carefully.4.such as 例如；像这种的as such 像此类的物或人such as it is/they are 不过如此；尽管不怎么好易混辨析such as,
28、for example 和 that is(1)such as 用于列举事物时，常放在所列举的事物与前面的名词之间，且直接连接所列举的事物，其后不用逗号。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提到的事物的总和。(2)for example 主要用于举实例说明，其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末，前后多用逗号隔开。(3)that is 相当于 namely，意为“即”，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。运用用上面的辨析短语填空(1)I have three good friends,_，John,Jack andTom.that isfor examplesuch as(2)Ma
29、ny countries,_，Mexico and Japan havea lot of earthquakes.(3)He can speak foreign languages,_ Frenchand Spanish.5.play a part(in)扮演一个角色；参与 play a part(role)in 在中扮演角色；在中起作用play an active part 积极参与play the leading part 起带头作用写作佳句Food can also have a specific meaning,and play a significantpart in a famil
30、y or cultures celebrations or traditional festivals.食物还可以具有特定的象征意义，在家庭生活、文化庆典或传统节日中扮演着重要角色。运用完成句子，每空一词朋友在我们的生活中起了重要的作用，尽管我们可能认为友谊是理所当然的。playimportantpart/roleFriends _ _ _ _ inour daily life,although we may take friendship for granted.an原句 1Native English speakers can understand each othereven if th
31、ey dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。even ifeven though 意为“即使，虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。如果主句和从句都表示将来的动作，从句中要用一般现在时来表示将来时；如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句中有 be 动词时，可以把从句的主语和 be 动词省略。运用单句语法填空if/thoughif/though(1)I will not give up even _ there is only a gleamof hope.(2)(2018 年江苏卷 阅读理解D)Some
32、 social apps werepopular among the children even _ they supposedlyrequire users to be at least 13.原句 2This is because in the early days of radio,those whoreported the news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。(1)This/That is because.意为“这/那是因为”，because引导表语从句。(2)
33、This/That is why.意为“这/那就是的原因”。运用单句语法填空whywas(1)(2018 年北京卷七选五型阅读理解)The reason _someone is triggered by something and others are not is often dueto ones personal history and psychological traits.(2)This _(be)why they decided to eat their lunchinstead.运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来With the development of Ch
34、inas tourism,English plays animportant role 1._ it.I think it is 2._(main)because more and more foreigners visit China,which makesEnglish 3._(come)up to our life.4._(actual),as an international language,its usage is also changingrapidly.Perhaps you may ask why English has changed overtime.Now let me
35、 tell you the reason:all 5._(language)comeinmainlyActuallylanguagesdevelop when cultures communicate with one another.6._present,English is still 7._(recognize)as thefirst foreign language,so its necessary for us to learn Englishwell.Believe it 8._ not,so long as you try your 9._(good)to enlarge your vocabulary,grasp the grammar rules at thesame time,and make full10._(usage)of your English tocommunicate with others,you will surely master English.orAtrecognizedbestuse