1、课时作业4 核心词汇讲练集锦训练（四）课时作业4 核心词汇讲练集锦训练（四）第一部分 单句语法填空（核心词汇专练）第二部分 阅读理解第三部分 完型填空（2019全国卷改编）第四部分 书面表达（2020新高考卷）第一部分 单句语法填空（核心词汇专练）1.2020全国卷改编Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for （differ）in parents income,education and the amount of parent talk,Levine said.
2、difference解析考查词性转换。句意：Levine说,在控制了不同父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数后,拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测。由此可知Levine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。2.2020全国卷改编Glowing plants could reduce this （distant）and therefore help save energy.distance解析考查词性转换。句意：发光的植物可以缩短这段距离,从而帮助节约能源。3.2020全国卷,语法填空The artist was finally humbled（谦卑)by the greates
3、t artist earth,Mother Nature.on解析考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。4.2019全国卷改编It gave me a new appreciation for his strange and （delight）worlds.解析考查词性转换。由设空前的形容词strange及and可知,应使用形容词形式,再结合句意故填delightful。句意：（这篇论文）给了我欣赏奇异同时令人愉快的世界的机会。delightful5.2019北京卷改编By the time she wa
4、s 13,her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids teeth,instead of （destroy）them.destroying解析考查词性转换。由设空前的介词of可知应使用动名词形式。6.2019全国卷改编Who is the （direct）of The Audience?director解析考查词性转换。由设空前的定冠词the可知应使用名词形式,再结合句意,故填director。句意：话剧The Audience的导
5、演是谁？7.2018江苏卷改编Its collections date the Middle Ages.from/back to解析考查固定搭配。date back to/date from“追溯到,始于”。句意：它的藏品始于中世纪。8.2018北京卷改编Ordinary soap,if used correctly,can deal bacteria effectively.解析考查固定搭配。deal with“处理”。句意：普通的肥皂,如果使用得当,能有效地处理细菌。with9.2018全国卷改编Dance expresses love and hate,joy and sorrow,li
6、fe and （die),and everything else in between.death解析考查词性转换。由设空前love,hate,joy,sorrow及life可知应使用名词形式,life and death“生死”,故填death。句意：舞蹈可以表现爱恨情感,快乐与悲伤情绪及生死等一切。10.2018天津卷改编Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were going to win,but to my （disappoint）we were defeated.disappointment解
7、析考查词性转换。to ones disappointment“令某人失望的是”。句意：因为我知道我们要赢得比赛,因此作为新球队的教练我非常兴奋,但是令我失望的是我们被战败了。第二部分 阅读理解 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A 2019全国卷 During the rosy years of elementary school（小学),I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes,which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was the queen of the playgro
8、und.Then came my tweens and teens,and mean girls and cool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes,breaking rules and playing jokes on others,among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein,a professor of cl
9、inical psychology sorts the popular into two categories:the likable and the status seekers.The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships,jump-start interpersonal skills and,when tapped early,are employed ever after in life and work.Then theres the kind of popularity
10、 that appears in adolescence:status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed,Dr.Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences.Those who were highest in status in high school,as well as those least liked in elementary school,are“most likely to engage（从事
11、)in dangerous and risky behavior”.In one study,Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents,scoring the least liked,the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究).“We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward th
12、eir classmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment,high status has just the opposite effect on us.”Dr.Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play datesharing,kindness,opennesscarry
13、over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research,Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion:Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes,but it is also responsible for those outcomes,too.“Being liked creates opportunities for
14、 learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage,”he said.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章从社会心理学角度讨论了青少年小学与中学阶段的成长经历,论述了个体受欢迎类型及对本人所产生的影响。1.What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?()A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.C解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“During the
15、 rosy years of elementary school（小学),I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes”可知,作者在小学时乐于与他人分享,是个慷慨大方的女孩。故选C项。2.What is the sec ond paragraph mainly about?()A.The classification of the popular.B.The characteristics of adolescents.C.The importance of interpersonal skills.D.The causes of dishonorable beha
16、vior.A解析段落大意题。根据第二段第二句“Mitch Prinstein,a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories:the likable and the status seekers.”可知,本段主要讨论了受欢迎的人被分为两类,即讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人,接着第三、四句分别描述了两类人的特征。故选A项。3.What did Dr.Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?()A.They appeared to be aggres
17、sive.B.They tended to be more adaptable.C.They enjoyed the highest status.D.They performed well academically.B解析推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment”可知,讨人喜欢的人往往适应性比较强。故选B项。4.What is the best title for the text?()A.Be NiceYou Wont Finish Last B.The H
18、igher the Status,the BetterC.Be the BestYou Can Make It D.More Self-Control,Less AggressivenessA解析标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段第一句“In analyzing his and other research,Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion:Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes,but it is also responsible for those outcomes,
19、too.”可知,本文主要探讨了讨人喜欢不仅与积极的人生结果相关,更是产生这些结果的原因。因此,对人友好,你的人生不会太差。故选A项。第三部分 完形填空（2019全国卷改编）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Its about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa（爱荷华州）to Ehlers home in Minnesota（明尼苏达州）.During the long trip home,following a weekend of hunting.Ehlers 1 about the sm
20、all dog he had seen trembling alongside the road.He had 2 to coax（哄)the dog to him but,frightened,it had 3 .Back home,Ehlers was troubled by that lost dog.So,four days later,he called his friend Greg,and the two drove 4 .After a long and careful 5 ,Greg saw,across a field,the dog moving 6 away.Ehler
21、s eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with joy.It just started licking（舔)Ehlers face.A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 7 as lost in the local paper.The ad had a 8 number for a town in southern Michigan.Ehlers called the number of Jeff
22、and Lisa to tell them he had 9 their dog.Jeff had 10 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog,Rosie,but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff searched 11 for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers returned to Minnesotan,and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.“It
23、s good to know theres still someone out there who cares enough to go to that kind of 12 ,”says Lisa of Ehlers rescue 13 .“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 14 to it as I am to my dogs,”says Ehlers.“If it had been my dog,Id hope that somebody would be 15 to go that extra mile.”语篇解读:
24、这是一篇记叙文。Ehlers打猎途中看到路边一只丢失的狗瑟瑟发抖,当时他试图安慰这只狗,但是徒劳一场。回到家后,一直挂念这只狗。所以他又邀请Greg一起开车返回寻找那只小狗。最后他们在一位当地农民的帮助下,借助寻物启事的手机号为小狗找到了主人。1.()A.read B.forgot C.thought D.heardC解析 下文Ehlers和朋友Greg一起开车返回去找那只狗可知,此处是指Ehlers一直在挂念那只狗。故选C项。2.()A.tried B.agreed C.promised D.regrettedA解析第二段提到Ehlers和朋友Greg一起开车返回去找那只狗,说明他一开始尽力
25、哄那只小狗。故选A项。3.()A.calmed down B.stood up C.rolled over D.run offD解析根据前面的核心词but和frightened可知,尽力哄那只狗是徒劳,所以那只狗被吓跑了。故选D项。4.()A.home B.past C.back D.onC解析定位到第二段中的 It just started licking（舔)Ehlers face.可知,最终他们找到了那只小狗。显然他们是返回原地去寻找那只走失的狗的。故选C项。5.()A.preparation B.explanation C.test D.searchD解析见6题解析。6.()A.cau
26、tiously B.casually C.skillfully D.angrilyA解析定位到后文Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.可知他们最终成功的安抚了它。显然小狗一开始还是非常的谨慎小心。cautiously“谨慎地,小心地”。故选A项。7.()A.predicted B.advertised C.believed D.recordedB解析根据本句的in the local paper可知,这只小狗在报纸被刊登了。故选B项。8.()A.House B.phone C.street D.carB解析这个号码属
27、于a town in southern Michigan,而作者在爱荷华州;还有下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话,所以只能是phone number。故选B项。9.()A.fed B.adopted C.found D.curedC解析根据上文可知,Ehlers和Greg已经找到了小狗。故选C项。10.()A.hunted B.skied C.lived D.workedA解析下文提到狗听到枪声吓跑了,所以当时Jeff带着狗在打猎。故选A项。11.()A.on purpose B.on time C.in turn D.in vainD解析是Ehlers和Greg找到的小狗,所以Jeff在狗丢
28、失后没有找到他的狗。in vain“徒劳”。故选D项。12.()A.place B.trouble C.waste D.extremeB解析Ehlers和Greg开车返回原地找到小狗,并且把它航空托运到密歇根,显然他们不辞辛苦。故选B项。13.()A.service B.plan C.effort D.teamC解析根据上文可知,此处是指Lisa在评论Ehlers他们帮助他们找回狗做出的努力。故选C项。14.()A.equal B.allergic C.grateful D.closeD解析Ehlers意思是无论谁丢了狗,心情和他丢了自己的狗是一样的。故选D项。15.()A.suitable
29、B.proud C.wise D.willingD解析be willing to do“乐意做某事”。故选D项。第四部分 书面表达（2020新高考卷）假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了5千米越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:1.参加人员；2.跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下；3.活动反响。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考范文：A Cross Country Running RaceLast Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross country running race,which nearly dre
30、w the attention of every student and teacher of our school.The students selected from every class took part in the competition.The route measured five kilometers,from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain.Every runner tried their best to finish the task,with their classmates along the way giving them necessarily help as well as encouragement.At last,all the runners managed to arrive the finish line,receiving cheers from all the directions.The activity was highly spoken of,because not only did it provide chances for us to exercise,but also made us more cohesive.