1、课时作业24 高考综合训练（七）第一部分 阅读理解第二部分 阅读理解七选五第三部分 书面表达课时作业24 高考综合训练（七）第一部分 阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A 2018全国卷 We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices（装置）well after they
2、go out of style.Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York
3、tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and
4、box-set TVs defined 1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets
5、planted in the kids room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Were not just keeping these old deviceswe continue to use them.According to the explanation of Babbi
6、tts team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution（解决方案）?The teams data only went up to 2007,but the researchers a
7、lso explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumpti
8、on by 44%.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,过时的电子设备比新设备要消耗更多的能源,而且危害环境。因此从环保的角度来看,文章建议用多功能的新设备来替换过时的设备。1.What does the author think of new devices?()A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.A解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“these outdated de
9、vices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things”可知,这些过时的设备比那些做同样事情的新设备消耗更多的能源,也就是说新的设备更节能、更环保。2.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?()A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electri
10、city consumption of the devices.D解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“To figure out how much power these devices are using”可知,Babbitt和她的团队进行这项研究的目的是计算这些设备的用电量。3.Which of the following uses the least energy?()A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“They found that more on-de
11、mand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.”可知,在平板电脑上观看更多的点播娱乐节目,而不是看电视和台式电脑,可以将能耗降低44%,由此可知,平板电脑消耗最少的能源。4.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?()A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recy
12、cle them.A解析推理判断题。文章通过科学家的研究表明,过时的旧电子设备会消耗更多的能源,不环保。由此推知,文章建议人们停止使用旧电子设备。B 2018浙江卷 As cultural symbols go,the American car is quite young.The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago,with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线）on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars
13、were produced the next month.But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.Modern America was born on the road,behind a wheel.The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture:the roadside diner,the billboard,the motel,even the hamburger.For most of the last century
14、,the car represented what it meant to be American going forward at high speed to find new worlds.The road novel,the road movie,these are the most typical American ideas,born of abundant petrol,cheap cars and a neverending interstate highway system,the largest public works project in history.In 1928
15、Herbert Hoover imagined an America with“a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.”Since then,this society has moved onward,never looking back,as the car transformed America from a farmbased society into an industrial power.The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global
16、 ecological disaster.In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.The problems of excessive（过度的）energy consumption,climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.Friedman.He fears the worst,but hopes for the best.Friedman points
17、 out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep American strength.“The ability to design,build and export green technologies for producing clean water,clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国经典的“汽车文化”,它对美国各方面的影响是巨大而深远的。
18、汽车给美国人民带来了便利,把美国从一个以农业为主的国家变成一个工业大国,汽车成为美国社会的一个文化符号。但与此同时,汽车也带来了很多问题,例如能源的过度消耗、气候变化以及污染等。5.Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?()A.To explain Americans love for travelling by car.B.To show the influence of cars on American culture.C.To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.D.To pra
19、ise the effectiveness of Americas road system.B解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture even the hamburger.”可知,汽车塑造了某些最持久的美国文化,其中就包括汉堡。由此可知,汽车对于汉堡文化的形成,影响是非常大的。所以,在第二段中提及汉堡,就是为了展现汽车对于美国文化有相当大的影响,甚至影响到了汉堡。故选B项。6.What has the use of cars in America led to?(
20、)A.Decline of economy.B.Environmental problems.C.A shortage of oil supply.D.A farmbased society.B解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.”可知,驱动美国梦的汽车导致了全球性的生态灾难,即汽车的使用引起了环境问题。故选B项。7.What is Friedmans attitude towards Americas future?
21、()A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.C解析观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句“Friedman points out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep American strength.”可知,Friedman 认为绿色经济是使美国保持实力的一个机遇。由此可知,他对美国的未来充满了希望。故选C项。第二部分 阅读理解七选五 2018全国卷 读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Before there was the written word
22、,there was the language of dance.Dance expresses love and hate,joy and sorrow,life and death,and everything else in between.1 We dance from Florida to Alaska,from north to south and sea to sea.We dance at weddings,birthdays,office parties and just to fill the time.“I adore dancing,”says Lester Bridg
23、es,the owner of a dance studio in Iowa.“I cant imagine doing anything else with my life.”Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.“Teaching dance is wonderful.2 Its great to watch them.For many of them,its a way of meeting people and having a social life.”3 “I can tell you about one young couple,”say
24、s Bridges.“Theyre learning to do traditional dances.They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.4 ”So,do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better,calmer,healthier?Andrea Hillier says,“Dance,like the pattern of a beating heart,is life.Even after all these years,I want t
25、o get better and better.5 I find it hard to stop!Dancing reminds me Im alive.”A.So why do we dance?B.Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.C.If you like dancing outdoors,come to America.D.My older students say it makes them feel young.E.I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.F.Dancing seems to chan
26、ge their feeling completely.G.They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跳舞在美国很常见。Bridges是美国艾奥瓦州的一个舞蹈工作室的老板,在文章中他分析跳舞的好处,解释人们学习舞蹈的原因并表达了自己对舞蹈的热爱。1.B解析 根据空后的“We dance from Florida to Alaskaoffice parties and just to fill the time.”可知,舞蹈在美国无处不在,故B项符合语境。2.D解析根据设空处前一句“Teaching
27、dance is wonderful.”可知,下文应与教别人跳舞有关;再结合后面的“Its great to watch them.”,根据人称可知是在谈论他们;再根据本段最后一句可知,此段主要介绍了跳舞对他们的好处,故选D。3.A解析由本段中的“They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.”可知,跳舞可以让原本情绪低落的他们变得开心,A项（那么我们为什么跳舞呢？）与下文构成因果关系,故A项符合语境。4.F解析由上句“They arrive at the class in low spirits and
28、 they leave with a smile.”可知,他们跳完舞后,精神状态发生了很大的变化。故F项（舞蹈似乎完全改变了他们的感觉）符合语境。5.E解析根据设空处前的“I want to get better and better”及此空后的“I find it hard to stop！”可知E项（我即使在极其疲惫的时候,也坚持练习）符合语境。第三部分 书面表达2019北京卷 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游,发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件,内容包括：1.交通出行;2.必备衣物。注意：1.词数不少于50;2.开头和结尾已给出,不计
29、入总词数。Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua参考范文：Dear Jim,Im pleased that youre coming to tour in China.I suggest that you begin from Beijing,and Ill show you around.Tianjin will be your next stop.After that,you can go to Shanghai,where you can stay for a week.You can take high-speed trains to both cities.Summer in these cities is hot and rainy,so take summer wear plus an umbrella with you.Looking forward to your arrival.Yours,Li Hua