1、课时作业10 动词的时态与语态训练第一部分 时态与语态专练第二部分 阅读理解（2019北京卷）第三部分 语法填空（2018全国卷）课时作业10 动词的时态与语态训练第四部分 书面表达（2019全国卷）第一部分 时态与语态专练1.2020江苏卷改编Instead of getting down to a new task as I （expect）,he examined the previous work again.had expected解析考查动词时态。句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作,而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在examined之前,属于“过去的过去”,应使
2、用过去完成时。2.2020天津卷改编You are a great swimmer.Thanks.Its because I （practice）a lot these days.have been practising解析考查时态。句意:你游泳很棒。谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days（这些天）可知,“练习游泳”从数天前开始,一直持续到现在,因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。3.2019江苏卷改编The musician along with his band members （give）ten performances in the last three mont
3、hs.has given解析考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里,这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知,这句话的时态为现在完成时。本句主语为the musician,为第三人称单数形式,句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分,故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填has given。4.2019江苏卷改编A few months after he had arrived in China,Mr.Smith （fall）in love with the people and cultu
4、re there.fell解析考查动词的时态。句意：他到中国几个月后,就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故填fell。5.2019江苏卷改编They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals （install）by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.will have been installed解析考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间
5、是被动关系,用被动语态,故填will have been installed。6.2019天津卷改编I （hope）to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldnt manage it.had hoped解析考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的,可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldnt”用的是一般过去时,它之前的动作用过去完成时。故填had hoped。7.2019天津卷改编Amy,as well as her brothers,（give）a warm welcome
6、when returning to the village last week.was given解析考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和他的兄弟们当上周回到村里时,受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知应用过去时,as well as连接并列主语,谓语动词就前一致原则。这句话真正的主语是Amy,她受到热烈欢迎,所以用过去式的被动语态。故填was given。8.2019全国卷改编Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six （be）stable,one is increasing,and
7、 nine lack enough data.are解析考查时态和考查主谓一致。根据three are declining,此处数词six作主语,代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”,故用复数谓语,一般现在时,故填are。9.2019全国卷I dont see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I （make）over the years.have made解析考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the ye
8、ars”可知,此处用现在完成时态。句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。10.2019全国卷Our hosts shared many of their experiences and （recommend）wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit.For breakfast,we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.recommended解析考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经
9、历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系,时态一致。故填recommended。11.2019全国卷On the last day of our week-long stay,we （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.were invited解析考查动词的时态和语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知,句子时态为一般过去时
10、。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会,所以用被动语态。主语为we,故填were invited。12.2018北京卷改编Hi,Im Peter.Are you new here?I havent seen you around?Hello,Peter.Im Bob.I just （start）on Monday.started解析考查时态。句意：嗨,我是彼得。你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。你好,彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。根据两人谈话内容可知,Bob现在在这儿,他开始（start）住在这儿是发生在周一的事情,周一是一个过去的时间,故该句应用一般过去时态,故填started
11、。13.2018北京卷改编Chinas high-speed railways （grow）from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.have grown解析考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里,中国的高速铁路已经从9 000千米增长到25 000千米。该句时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况,故该句应用现在完成时态,故填have grown。14.2018北京卷改编A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists
12、who （trap）in the mountains for two days.had been trapped解析考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：一名营救队员冒着生命危险营救了已在山区被困两天的游客。由句意推知游客在山区被困应在risked之前,即过去的过去,故使用过去完成时,由语意可知应该为被动,故填had been trapped。15.2018天津卷改编My washing machine （repair）this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand.is being repaired解析考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修,所以我不得不
13、手洗衣服。根据后句“so I have to wash my clothes by hand”可知,洗衣机正在修,故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故填is being repaired。16.2018江苏卷改编Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other,for we （develop）more convenient electronic communication tools by then.will have developed解析考查时态。句意：希望在2025年,我们不再互相发电子邮件,因为到那时候我们将开发更方便的电
14、子通信工具。根据时间状语in 2025,可知用将来时;再根据时间状语by then“到那时”,可知用完成时。结合两者可知用将来完成时,故填will have developed。17.2018江苏卷改编I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan （carry out）in the past two years.had been carried out解析考查过去完成时的被动。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中时间状语last month和in the past
15、two years可知用过去完成时。故填had been carried out。第二部分 阅读理解（2019北京卷）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Want to explore new cultures,meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time?You can do all the three with Global Development Association（GDA）.Whatever stage of life youre at,wherever you go and w
16、hatever project you do in GDA,youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community（社区）We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds.Most of our volunteers are aged 1724.Now we need volunteer managers aged 2575.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our progra
17、mmes.We have such roles as project managers,mountain leaders,and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose,you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water,or help to protect valuable local cultures.You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volu
18、nteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally,youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes：CountrySchedule4-weekprogrammes7-
19、weekprogrammeAlgeria5Jul.1Aug.20Jun.7Aug.Egypt24Jul.20Aug.19Jun.6Aug.Kenya20Jul.16Aug.18Jun.5Aug.SouthAfrica2Aug.29Aug.15Jun.2Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed.All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and re
20、mote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme.Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme：Website:www.glodeve.org Email:humanresourcesglodeve.org语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了GDA发布公告招募志愿者管理人员。1
21、.What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?()A.To seek local partners.B.To take in young volunteers.C.To carry out programmes.D.To foster cultural awareness.C解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句可知,志愿者管理人员对项目的安全高效运行而言很重要,故C项是志愿者管理人员需要做的事。2.The programme beginning in August will operate in .A.Egypt B.Alg eri
22、a C.Kenya D.South AfricaD解析细节理解题。本题问的是“在八月份开始的活动”,根据文章提供的活动安排表可知,只有最后一项为期四周的活动是在八月份开始,地点是南非。故选D项。3.The shared goal of GDAs projects is to .A.explore new cultures B.protect the environmentC.gain corporate benefits D.help communities in needD解析细节理解题。由时间表下面的一段中的“All our projects aim to promote the deve
23、lopment of poor and remote communities.”可知,所有的项目都是为了促进贫困和偏远社区的发展,D项符合题意。第三部分 语法填空（2018全国卷）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years 1 （long）than non-runners.You dont have to run fast or for long 2 （see）the benefit.You may drink,sm
24、oke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 （die）early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it 4 （be）more effective at lengthening life 5 walking,cycling or swimming.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere fi
25、ve to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 （cause）.The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwiseits probably running.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 8 （strength）your leg muscles（肌肉）,avoid hills a
26、nd get good running shoes.Running is cheap,easy and its always 9 （energy）.If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give 10 a try.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步给我们的健康带来的益处,号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动方式。1.longer解析考查副词的比较级。由空格后的“than”可知应用比较级,故
27、填long的比较级longer。2.to see解析考查非谓语动词。此句意为“你不必跑得很快,也不必跑很长时间就见到效果”,不定式短语“to see the benefit”作目的状语。3.dying解析考查非谓语动词。reduce ones risk of“降低某人的风险”,此处介词of后接动词时要用其动名词形式。解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知这里应用一般现在时;又因为主语it是第三人称单数形式,故谓语动词用is。5.than解析考查介词。根据句中的比较级“more effective”并结合语境可知,这里是把running与walking,cycling or swimm
28、ing进行比较,故填than。6.that/which解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导定语从句,修饰先行词“a study”,且在从句中作主语,故填关系代词that/which。4.is8.strengthen解析考查词性转换。此处to为不定式符号,在句中作目的状语,故填strength的动词形式strengthen。9.energetic解析考查词性转换。连系动词is后应接形容词作表语,故填energy的形容词形式energetic。7.解析考查名词复数。cause表示“原因,起因”时是可数名词,且前面有all修饰,故填cause的复数形式。causes10.running/i
29、t解析考查固定搭配。此处号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动,因此可以填名词running,也可以用it指代。give sth.a try“尝试一下某事”。第四部分 书面表达（2019全国卷）1.假定你是李华,暑期在伦敦学习,得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者,内容包括：1.写信目的;2.个人优势;3.能做的事情。注意：1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.结束语已为你写好。Yours,Li Hua参考范文：Dear Sir/Madam,I am Li Hua,a student from China,who is studying in London dur
30、ing the summer holiday.Knowing an exhibition of Chinese painting will be held at the gallery next month,I am writing to apply for the chance to become a volunteer.I have the following advantages.First of all,I speak English fluently,which allows me to communicate with visitors without difficulty.Second,as a Chinese painting lover,I know a lot about this art form.If accepted,I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors,which can help them know more about Chinese culture.I think I am qualified to be a volunteer.Please give me a chance.Yours,Li Hua