1、英语翻议讲解：1.enjoyment n.享受,享有;欢乐,愉快;乐趣例句：He plays violin just for enjoyment. 他拉小提琴只是为了自娱自乐。2.hike n.徒步旅行,远足,涨价,提高例句：I was dead tired after the long hike up the mountain. 爬上山之后我快累死了。3.monument n.纪念碑;遗址,遗迹;有永久价值的作品,不朽的功业例句：They built a monument to the memory of their dead leader. 他们造了一个纪念馆来纪念他们已故的领袖。4.re
2、creation n.娱乐,消遣,休养例句：The game will be held on the sternward recreation deck. 游戏比赛将在船尾部的娱乐甲板上进行。5.conserve v.保存;保护;节省例句：Its designed to conserve energy. 这种设计是为了节省能源。6.therein ad.在其中,在那里,在那一点上例句：Therein lies the crux of the problem. 这就是问题的症结所在。 7.landmark n.界标;陆上明显标志;里程碑例句：Marble Arch is a famous Lon
3、don landmark. 大理石拱门是著名的伦敦标志。8.conflict v.争执,撞斗,冲突,抵触例句：My interests conflict with yours. 我的利益与你的抵触。1.Rules differ from place to place. differ from与不同,和意见不一致例句：We differ from/with them on/about that question. 我们在那个问题上跟他们的意见不同。2.He was president at the start of the twentieth century. at the start of开始
4、时例句：The players were tense at the start of the game. 队员们在比赛开始时很紧张。3.He points out that some parks operate bus systems so visitors do not drive through protected areas.point out指出,指明例句：She pointed out all the salient features of the building. 她指出了该建筑物的全部显著特征。4.Jeffrey Olson says experts do not know w
5、hat will take the place of the plants and animals that are lost, or how wildlife will survive in a changed environment.take the place of代替,代理,取代例句：None can take the place of you. 无人能取代你。 But gradually better and better ideas took the place of the old ones. 但渐渐地，越来越好的想法取代了旧宪想法。英语听力原文：VOICE ONE:Welcom
6、e to THIS IS AMERICA in VOA Special English. Im Steve Ember.VOICE TWO:And Im Shirley Griffith. This week on our program, we look at the subject of a six-part series being shown on public television in the United States. The new film, directed by Ken Burns, is called The National Parks: Americas Best
7、 Idea.(MUSIC)Yellowstone National ParkThe United States established its first national park in eighteen seventy-two. Yellowstone, in the western state of Wyoming, was not only the first national park in America. It was the first in the world.Since then, about one hundred nations have followed that e
8、xample. They have established over one hundred thousand national parks and protected areas, for the enjoyment of people today and for generations to come.Last year, almost two hundred seventy-five million people visited the national park system in the United States. Visitors can hike in the woods. C
9、limb mountains. Photograph animals. Explore Civil War battlefields. Go swimming or river-rafting. Ride horses. Or just enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature.The places under the care of the National Park Service are not all refuges of peace and quiet, however. Some are historic sites in the
10、 middle of busy cities.The National Park Service manages a total of three hundred ninety-one units, as it calls them. These include national parks, historical sites, monuments, buildings and battlefields. They also include recreation areas, seashores, rivers, trails and parkways. Almost thirty-four
11、million hectares of land in all.Rules differ from place to place. For example, activities like hunting are not permitted in national parks. But they may be permitted in areas established as national preserves, recreation areas, seashores or lakeshores.The National Park Service was created in ninetee
12、n sixteen. President Woodrow Wilson signed an act making it part of the Interior Department.The act said the purpose was to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wild life therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave
13、them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations.Congress has the power to establish national parks and other protected areas. But a law called the Antiquities Act gives presidents the power to declare national monuments.Theodore RooseveltAn early champion of the national parks was Theodore R
14、oosevelt. He was president at the start of the twentieth century. He was also a distant relation of Franklin Roosevelt, who became president later.Teddy Roosevelt was a hunter and outdoorsman. As president he signed legislation that established five national parks. And in nineteen hundred and six he
15、 signed the Antiquities Act.It gave presidents the power to declare federally owned landmarks, structures and other objects of historic or scientific interest as national monuments. Teddy Roosevelt himself declared eighteen national monuments. Many of the monuments declared by presidents have been n
16、amed national parks or given other titles by Congress.The National Park Service has two main jobs. One is to protect the national parks. The other is to help visitors enjoy them. Sometimes these two jobs may seem to conflict. For example, large numbers of visitors can mean large numbers of vehicles
17、that cause pollution and road damage.Spokesman Jeffrey Olson says the Park Service is taking steps to reduce environmental damage. He points out that some parks operate bus systems so visitors do not drive through protected areas.This also results in a better visitor experience, he says. People do n
18、ot have to worry about their vehicles. And those who would have been driving can look at the scenery instead of the road.But the Park Service does not have control over everything. Jeffrey Olson says climate change is changing the landscape. For example, he says glaciers are melting in Alaska as a r
19、esult of higher temperatures. And animals that normally live in some national parks have had to search elsewhere for food.Joshua Tree National ParkPlants, too, are affected. Some areas of Joshua Tree National Park in California, for example, can no longer support the trees that the park is named for
20、.Jeffrey Olson says experts do not know what will take the place of the plants and animals that are lost, or how wildlife will survive in a changed environment.For the Park Service, another problem has been money. But Congress has put more into the budget of the national park system in the past thre
21、e years. That has made it possible for the Park Service to hire three thousand seasonal workers. And Jeffrey Olson says federal stimulus money this year has made it possible to fix roads and complete maintenance projects.Money also comes from the National Park Foundation. Congress established the fo
22、undation in nineteen sixty-seven to raise private support for the park system.Some national parks charge visitors a small entrance fee, from five dollars to twenty-five dollars a car. Each entrance fee is good for seven days. Eighty percent of the money stays with the park. Twenty percent is put int
23、o a shared fund for use throughout the park system.Mount Rainier National ParkThe first park to charge a visitor fee was Mount Rainier in the northwestern state of Washington in nineteen hundred and eight. It was also the first park where visitors could enter with their cars.Today the United States
24、has fifty-eight national parks.Celebrating its one hundredth anniversary this year is Zion National Park, in the western state of Utah. It was established as Mukuntuweap National Monument by President William Taft.Zion National Park has desert canyons and huge freestanding arches of red, pink and wh
25、ite rock. It also has a river, forests and other environments.Zion is the eighth most visited national park. Almost three million people visited the park last year. Buses take visitors to areas where they can go on paths into the wilderness.One easy hike takes visitors two kilometers to a clear pool
26、 of water and waterfalls. A more difficult hike is eight kilometers long and not for those afraid of heights. It ends at the top of a rock high above Zion Canyon.One of the largest mountains in the park is called the Sentinel. Three mountains standing next to each other are called the Three Patriarc
27、hs - Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. A visiting Christian minister gave the mountains these biblical names in nineteen sixteen.Great Smoky Mountains National ParkThe Great Smoky Mountains National Park is celebrating its seventy-fifth anniversary this year. The park is located in areas of two southeastern
28、 states, Tennessee and North Carolina. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park is Americas most visited national park. More than nine million people went there last year.The Great Smoky Mountains are part of the Blue Ridge and southern Appalachian mountains. A blue-gray haze from natural and now man
29、made sources hangs over them like smoke.The park has more than one thousand kilometers of trails. Visitors can camp, fish, ride bicycles or drive through the park. There are more than one thousand six hundred kinds of flowering plants. The Park Service says the park has more kinds of flowering plant
30、s than any other national park in North America.It also has animals including deer, elk and more than one thousand five hundred bears.The Great Smoky Mountains National Park was created by local citizens who wanted to protect the area. But they needed money to buy the land from farmers and other own
31、ers. The money came from the legislatures of Tennessee and North Carolina. It also came from individuals and groups including the Laura Spellman Rockefeller Foundation.In nineteen thirty-four, Tennessee and North Carolina gave the federal government more than three hundred thousand hectares of land
32、for the park.The official dedication did not take place until nineteen forty, when President Franklin Roosevelt spoke at a ceremony in the park. The ceremony took place at the Rockefeller Monument, on the borderline between the two states that provided the land.Earlier this month, officials rededica
33、ted the park at a ceremony held on that same spot. One of the guests was Dolly Parton. The country singer grew up in the Great Smoky Mountains, and wrote a fund-raising CD for the seventy-fifth anniversary. We leave you with Dolly Parton and a song called My Mountains, My Home.Our program was written by Nancy Steinbach and produced by Caty Weaver. Im Shirley Griffith.And Im Steve Ember. For links to national park Web sites, and for transcripts and podcasts of our programs, go to . Join us again next week for THIS IS AMERICA.版权所有：高考资源网()版权所有：高考资源网()
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