1、课时作业17 冠词训练第一部分 冠词专练第二部分 阅读理解第三部分 完形填空课时作业17 冠词训练第一部分 冠词专练1.2019全国卷,语法填空Of nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six are（be）stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.the解析考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”,故填the。2.2019浙江卷,语法填空Everybody wears same style of clothes.the
2、解析考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。3.2019全国卷When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was joke.a解析考查不定冠词a的基本用法,a表泛指。句意：当我们接到电话说她被提名时,我们觉得这是一个玩笑。4.2018全国卷Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent
3、.the解析考查固定搭配。over the past 25 years意为“在过去的25年里”。句意：在过去的25年里,玉米产量激增125%,然而稻米仅仅增长了7%。5.2018全国卷Unexpectedly,Im face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at top of her lungs.the解析考查固定搭配。句意：出乎意料地当这只大猩猩撕心裂肺吼叫时,我居然与它面对面了。at the top of ones lungs意为“用尽量大的声音”。第二部分 阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
4、A 2019江苏卷 Who cares if people think wrongly that the internet has had more important influences than the washing machine?Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of peoples opinions.However,they have rea
5、l impacts,as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.The fascination with the ICT（Information and Communication Technology）revolution,represented by the internet,has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so“yesterday”that they should try to live on ideas.This belie
6、f in“post-industrial society”has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sec tor（制造业）,with negative consequences for their economies.Even more worryingly,the fascination with the internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the“digital divide”b
7、etween the rich countries and the poor countries.This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities.The question,however,is whether this is what the developing countries need the most.Perhaps giving money for those less fa
8、shionable things such as digging wells,extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved peoples lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres in rural villages.I am not saying that those things are necessarily more i
9、mportant,but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.In yet another example,a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communicati
10、ons and traortation are so revolutionary that now we live in a“borderless world”.As a result,in the last twenty years or so,many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress,going against which will be like trying to turn the clock
11、 back.Believing in such a world,many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital,labour and goods,with poor results.Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies,both at the national and the i
12、nternational levels,and for making the right career choices at the individual level.However,our fascination with the latest,and our under-valuation of what has already become common,can,and has,led us in all sorts of wrong directions.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了盲目夸大新科技可能带来的严重后果。对新科技影响力的误判会对社会有切切实实的影响,因为这会导致稀
13、缺资源的浪费。1.Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to ().A.a lack of confidence in technology B.a slow progress in technologyC.a conflict or public opinions D.a waste of limited resourcesD解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However,they have real impacts,as they result in misguided use of scarce resour
14、ces.”可知,对于新技术影响的误判导致了对于稀缺资源的错误使用,故选D项。2.The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should ().A.take peoples essential needs into account B.make their programmes attractive to peopleC.ensure that each child gets financial support D.provide more affordable internet facilitiesA解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Th
15、e question,however,is whether this is what the developing countries need the most.Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells,extending electricity networks and in rural villages.”可知,作者想通过事例说明捐赠者应该考虑人们的基本需求,而不要片面地认为有了高科技产品,受赠者的生活水平就会产生巨大飞跃。故选A项。3.What has led many go
16、vernments to remove necessary regulations?()A.Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.B.Believing that the world has become borderless.C.Ignoring the power of economic development.D.Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.B解析细节理解题。根据第五段的内容尤其是第五段最后一句可知,随着通信和交通运输技术的发展,人们认为我们生
17、活在一个“无国界的世界”,由此许多政府取消了一些必要的规定,故选B项。4.What can we learn from the passage?()A.People should be encouraged to make more donations.B.Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.C.Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.D.Economic policies should follow technological trends.B解析推理
18、判断题。阅读全文,尤其是根据最后一段最后一句“However,our fascinationwrong directions.”可知,我们对于最新技术的痴迷和对于已经普遍存在的技术作用的低估会将我们引向错误的方向,即传统的技术在当今仍有着重要的作用。故B项符合文意。B2018全国卷 Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest roleshowing families how t
19、o prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day.And the Good Morning Britain presenter says
20、 shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.“We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”she explains.“I pay 5 for a portion（一份）,but Matt makes them for 26p a porti
21、on,because they are flour,water,sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series（系列节目）,Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get val
22、ue from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.In tonights special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious iiration on a budget.The team transforms the familys lon
23、g weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。早安英国的节目主持人苏珊娜瑞德新推出了一档节目Save Money：Good Food,向观众展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜。5.What do we know about Susanna Reid?()A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a new programme.C.She dislikes working early in the mor
24、ning.D.She has had a tight budget for her family.B解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget”可知,苏珊娜瑞德在她的最新角色中起劲地烹饪向家庭展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜,由此可知,这位电视节目主持人正在主持一档新的节目。故选B项。6.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susa
25、nna?()A.He buys cooking materials for her.B.He prepares food for her kids.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.He invites guest families for her.C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste”可知,苏珊娜在厨师马特的帮助下向人们提供关于如何减少食物浪费的建议,也就是说马特会在烹饪问题上协助苏珊娜。故选C项。
26、7.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?()A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Provide some advice for the readers.C.Add some background information.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.C解析推理判断题。第四段介绍了Save Money：Good Food这一节目是仿照了Save Money：Good Health的风格,为观众提供关于如何从市场上大量健康产品中获取有价值的建议,因此
27、本段是介绍这个节目的背景的。故选C项。8.What can be a suitable title for the text?()A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B.Balancing Our Daily DietC.Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D.Cooking Well for LessD解析标题归纳题。全文介绍了Save Money：Good Food这一档电视节目,旨在教人们如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜,因此D项为本文最佳标题。故选D项。第三部分 完形填空2018全国卷阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中
28、选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my sec ond year at the city college,I was told that the education department was offering a“free”course,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I 1 the idea of taking the class because,after all,who doesnt want to 2 a few dollars?More than that,Id always wanted to learn chess.A
29、nd,even if I werent 3 enough about free credits,news about our 4 was appealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster,which 5 I would be learning from one of the games 6 .I could hardly wait to 7 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this 8 was no g
30、ame for him;he meant business.In his introduction,he made it 9 that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to 10 the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we plan to 11 what we would learn in class to our future professions and,12 ,to our lives.I managed to get an A in that 13
31、 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 14 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley,Im still putting to use what he 15 me:“The absolute most important 16 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 17 .On every single move you have to 18 a situation,process what y
32、our opponent（对手）is doing and 19 the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my 20 as a journalist.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在上大学时所选的课程国际象棋对自己以后的职业和生活起到了很重要的作用。1.()A.put forward B.jumped at C.tried out D.turned downB解析 根据上文中的“offering a free course,called Thinking Chess
33、,for three credits”以及下文中的“Id always wanted to learn chess”可知,参加国际象棋课程是免费的并且可以获得三个学分,而且“我”一直想学国际象棋,由此可知“我”迫不及待地接受（jumped at）了这个主意。put forward“提出”;try out“试验”;turn down“关小,拒绝”。2.()A.waste B.earn C.save D.payC解析联系上文中的“a free course”可知,由于是免费的课程,因此作者可以节省（save）一些钱。3.()A.excited B.worried C.moved D.tiredA解
34、析联系下文中的“appealing enough to me”可知,即使免费获得学分这件事不足以让“我”兴奋（excited）,也有其他事情对“我”有足够的吸引力。4.()A.title B.competitor C.textbook D.instructorD解析联系下文“He was an international grandmaster（他是一位国际象棋大师）”可知,国际象棋课程的导师（instructor）足以吸引“我”。title“标题”;competitor“竞争者”;textbook“课本”。5.()A.urged B.demanded C.held D.meantD解析国际象
35、棋课程的导师是一位国际象棋大师,这就意味着（meant）“我”将跟随下国际象棋最好的（best）人之一学习。urge“催促,极力主张”;demand“（坚决）要求”;hold“抓住,使保持”。6.()A.fastest B.easiest C.best D.rarestC解析参见上题解析。rarest“最珍贵的”。7.()A.interview B.meet C.challenge D.beatB解析联系上文可知,国际象棋课程的导师对“我”非常有吸引力,所以“我”迫不及待地想见到（meet）他。interview“采访,面试”;challenge“挑战”;beat“打击,打败”。8.()A.c
36、hance B.qualification C.honor D.jobD解析联系空后的“was no game for him;he meant business”可知,这份工作（job）对他而言不是游戏,而是正经职业。chance“机会”;qualification“资格”;honor“荣誉”。9.()A.real B.perfect C.clear D.possibleC解析联系空后的“that our credits would be hard-earned”可知,他向我们明确表示（make it clear that）这个学分很难获得。10.()A.attend B.pass C.sk
37、ip D.observeB解析联系下文“we had to write a paper”可知,为了通过（pass）这门课程我们要写论文。attend“参加”;skip“跳过”;observe“观察”。11.()A.add B.expose C.apply D.compareC解析联系空后的“to our future professions”可知,我们的论文是关于我们打算如何将所学的东西应用（apply）到未来的职业中。applyto“将应用到”,符合语境。addto“把添加到”;exposeto“使暴露在”;compareto“把比作”。12.()A.eventually B.natural
38、ly C.directly D.normallyA解析联系空后的“to our lives”可知,最终（eventually）要应用到我们的生活中。naturally“自然地”;directly“直接地”;normally“正常地”。13.()A.game B.presentation C.course D.experimentC解析联系空前的“I managed to get an A”可知,“我”在国际象棋课程（course）上获得了A。同时第一段中的“a free course”也是提示。game“游戏”;presentation“显示,授予”;experiment“实验”。14.()A
39、.criterion B.classroom C.department D.situationB解析联系空前的“learned life lessons that have served me well”可知,“我”从学习国际象棋中学到了一些对“我”课堂（classroom）之外的生活有用的知识。criterion“标准”;department“部门”;situation“情况,形势”。15.()A.taught B.wrote C.questioned D.promisedA解析分析语境可知,空后引号中的内容是导师说的话,也就是他教（taught）“我”的东西。write“写”;questi
40、on“提问”;promise“承诺,答应”。16.()A.fact B.step C.manner D.skillD解析联系空后的“you learn when you play chess is how to make good”可知,这里是指学到的最重要的技能（skill）。17.()A.grades B.decisions C.impressions D.commentsB解析联系下文中的“the best move from among all your options”可知,这里指做出正确的决定（decisions）。grade“分数”;impression“印象”;comment“
41、评论”。18.()A.analyze B.describe C.rebuild D.controlA解析联系空后的“a situation,process what your opponent（对手）is doing”可知,这里指每一步你不得不分析（analyze）形势。describe“描述”;rebuild“重建”;control“控制”。19.()A.announce B.signal C.block D.evaluateD解析联系空后的“the best move from among all your options”可知,要从你所有的选择中评估（evaluate）出最好的一步。announce“宣布”;signal“发信号”;block“阻碍,堵塞”。20.()A.role B.desire C.concern D.behaviorA解析联系空后的“as a journalist”可知,今天这些话对于“我”作为记者的角色（role）仍然是真实有用的。desire“渴望”;concern“担心”;behavior“行为,举止”。