1、考点规范练30.阅读理解A(2019江苏)In the 1960s,while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park,Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that,oddly,had not troubled anyone before:he couldnt find the parks volcano.It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in naturethat
2、s what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.But Christiansen couldnt find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.Most of us,when we talk about volcanoes,think of the classic cone(圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro,which are created when erupting magma(岩浆) piles up.These can form r
3、emarkably quickly.In1943,a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land.In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high.Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across.Altogether there ar
4、e some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth,all but a few hundred of them extinct.Thereis,however,a second less known type of volcano that doesnt involve mountain building.These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack,leaving behind a vast hole,thecaldera.Yellowston
5、e obviously was of this second type,but Christiansen couldnt find the caldera anywhere.Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone.A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they mig
6、ht make a nice blow-up for one of the visitorscenters.As soon as Christiansen saw the photos,he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera:almost the whole park2.2 million acreswas caldera.The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles acrossmuch too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground
7、level.At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.1.What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone?A.Its complicated geographical features.B.Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.C.The mysterious history of the
8、park.D.The exact location of the volcano.2.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?A.The shapes of volcanoes.B.The impacts of volcanoes.C.The activities of volcanoes.D.The heights of volcanoes.3.What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean?A.Hot-air ballo
9、on.B.Digital camera.C.Big photograph.D.Birds view.BShopping centres,stadiums and universities may soon have a new tool to help fight crime.A California company called Knightscope says its robots can predict and prevent crime.Knightscope says the goal is to reduce crime by half in areas the robots gu
10、ard.William Santana Li is the chief executive officer of Knightscope.Hesays,“These robot security guards will change the world.Our planet has seven billion people on it.Its going to quickly get to nine billion people.The security equipment that we have globally is just not going to develop that fast
11、.The companys Autonomous Data Machines can become the eyes and ears of law enforcement (执行).”“You want it to be machines plus humans.Let the machines do the heavy and sometimes dangerous work and let the humans do the strategic decision-making work,so its always working all together.”The machines ar
12、e one and a half meters tall and weigh 136 kilograms.They do not carry weapons but they have day-and-night time video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons.Some people may become concerned about their privacy,especially in connection with the v
13、ideo recordings.Some people may worry that such recordings will appear on the Internet.EugeneVolokh,a law professor at the University of California,says the machines have to be used in the right way and it will be interesting to see how state laws deal with this kind of video.William Santana Li says
14、 there is a long waiting list for the robots in the US.Workers in the company are working overtime to meet the demands of the market.At least 25 other countries are also interested in these robotic security guards.4.What can this new tool do for humans?A.Make strategic decisions.B.Keep watching day
15、and night.C.Carry heavy weapons.D.Stop crime autonomously.5.Why are people worried?A.Their privacy may be let out.B.The robots are very expensive.C.Robots will replace humans.D.They will be out of work soon.6.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A.Robots Are Becoming More Popular
16、B.Robots Contribute a Lot to the WorldC.Robots Are in Great Demand NowD.Security Robots Could Help Cut Crime.七选五阅读Every scientific field uses the scientific method to conduct experiments.Performing experiments is very important in the field of psychology(心理学).Before beginning a study,however,any sci
17、entist who wishes to perform an experiment should be familiar with the steps of the scientific method.1Form a hypothesis(假设).It is an educated guess about what will happen during the study.2 Coming up with a hypothesis before you start can help guide your experiment.Plan out a study.Planning out the
18、 experiment is essential because psychologists need to know if they have time,materials,and testing areas prepared beforehand.This step also helps the scientists to determine if they will be performing descriptive or experimental research.The ideal situation is to always perform experimental researc
19、h.3 Descriptive research simply collects data regarding the problem and forms a hypothesis according to the data.Collect data.4 If the data collected is not recorded and organised,the entire efforts of the study may be wasted.The best way to do this may be to record the proceedings so that no detail
20、s are lost.Analyse the data.Once all the data has been collected and organized,it must be analysed.Using previous research or scientific information about the problem,psychologists must apply the new data gathered.Publish the information learned.The final step of the scientific method in psychology
21、is publishing the results of the study.5 Most psychological experiments are published in scientific journals.A.It is based on scientific facts,not just opinions.B.Read on to find out how to use the scientific method in psychology.C.Before psychologists start the experiment,they must plan out the ste
22、ps.D.This helps other psychologists to learn about and use the new information.E.The scientific method has proved to be an effective way to conduct research.F.To fully understand the study,each part of the experiment must be recorded.G.Sometimes,however,this is impossible and descriptive research wi
23、ll have to be used.短文改错(2019全国)Since I was a kid,Ive considered different job I would like to do.First,I wanted to be a fireman,whose uniform looked so coolly.Then,when I was in the five grade,I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.When I studied chemistry high school,I
24、 reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.They were two reasons for the decision.One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.考点规范练30(选修6Unit5).【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了BobChristians
25、en在研究黄石公园的火山历史时,遇到了一个困惑的问题,他找不到曾经喷发过的火山的遗址。后来,通过一些照片,他明白了事情的真相。1.D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“hecouldntfindtheparksvolcano”可知,让Christiansen困惑的是火山的确切位置。2.A段落大意题。根据第二段的主要内容,特别是“Thereis,however,asecondlessknowntypeofvolcano.”可知,该段主要介绍了火山因为类型不同,所以形状不同。3.C词义猜测题。根据该段第一句中的“takingphotographs”以及第三句中的“thephotos”可推断,画线词指
26、的就是“照片”。【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一款新型的预防犯罪的机器人。4.B细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Theydonotcarryweaponsbuttheyhaveday-and-nighttimevideocameraswhichareabletoturn360degreesandcanalsosensechemicalandbiologicalweapons.”可知,这种机器人的功能就是能够日夜不停地执勤站岗。5.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“Somepeoplemaybecomeconcernedabouttheirprivacy,especiallyinc
27、onnectionwiththevideorecordings.”可知,一些人担忧这种机器人所携带的摄像机会记录其隐私,其隐私有可能会被泄露。6.D标题归纳题。根据文章第一段并结合全文的整体内容可推知,本文主要介绍了一种新型的预防犯罪的机器人。.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要阐明了如何在心理学实验中使用科学的方法。1.B根据空前的thescientificmethod可知选B项,用来指明如何在心理学实验中使用科学的方法。2.A根据本段第一句“Formahypothesis.”以及空后的“Comingupwithahypothesisbeforeyoustartcanhelpguideyou
28、rexperiment.”可知,本段主要阐述了心理学实验的第一步:形成一个假设,以科学事实而不仅仅是观点为根据。故A项正确。3.G空前的toalwaysperformexperimentalresearch与G项中的this相对应;空后的Descriptiveresearch与G选项中的descriptiveresearch相对应,故G项正确。4.F根据空后的“Ifthedatacollectedisnotrecordedandorganised,theentireeffortsofthestudymaybewasted.”和recordtheproceedings可以判断,空处阐述的是将数据
29、记录下来的重要性,故F项正确。5.D根据该段首句“Publishtheinformationlearned.”可知,该段主要阐述将实验得出的结论公开出版,故选D项,这有助于其他心理学家学习和使用新的信息。.Since I was a kid,Ive considered different jobjobs I would like to do.First,I wanted to be a fireman,whose uniform looked so coollycool.Then,when I was in the fivefifth grade,I wanted to be a teach
30、er because I liked my English teacher toovery/so much.When I studied chemistry in/at high school,I reconsidered my goal orand decided to be a doctor.TheyThere were two reasons for the decision.One was that I was amazingamazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.And the other iswas that I wanted to help people in need.