1、 第三节 频繁善变名词、形容词和副词 专题四 语法填空与短文改错 明考向语法填空重点考查词性转换、比较级和名词单复数短文改错侧重考查名词单复数、形容词和副词之间的错用和比较级(一)名词 考点练悟1(2020高考全国卷)Chinese New Year is a(celebrate)marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.2(2020高考全国卷)Filled with(curious),the artistpacked his bags and left.celebrationcuriosity3(2020
2、高考浙江卷)Later，they learned to work with the(season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，making use ofannual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.4(2018高考全国卷)Im a(science)who studiesanimals such as apes and monkeys.5(2017高考全国卷)She has turned down several(invitation)to star at shows in order to co
3、ncentrate on her studies.seasonsscientistinvitations6Any smell might attract natural(enemy)that would tryto eat the little panda.7The nursery team switches him every few(day)with hissister so that while one is being bottlefed,the other is with mumshenever suspects.8Engelbart,the inventor of the comp
4、uter mouse,developed themouse in the 1960s as a useful tool to assist the computer,obtaining apatent for it long before the(mouse)widespread use.enemiesdaysmouses自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1名词单复数2词性转换3名词的所有格3,5,6,71,2,48解题规则1提示词为名词时，分析句子成分后若发现词性不需要改变，则一般考查所给名词的复数形式；如果作定语表示“的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。2当确定所填词是可数名词时，需要考虑其单复数
5、问题。除了根据上下文语境之外，还可以通过以下信息判断：(1)名词前有不定冠词a/an时用名词单数形式。(2)有 these,those,several,many,all,both 等词修饰时名词用其复数形式。(3)名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。(4)如果空格处作主语，且谓语动词是单数形式，则空格处应填名词单数形式；若谓语动词是复数形式，则空格处应填名词复数形式。考点练悟(单句改错 请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)1(2020高考全国卷)Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beatthem quickly with chopstick.2(2020
6、高考全国卷)Luckily,I will go home in two weeks forsummer vacations.chopsticksvacation3(2020高考全国卷)My mom is really concerned with thehealth of everyone in our families.4(2019高考全国卷)If I succeed in managing one，I will openmore.I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.5(2018高考全国卷)When I was lit
7、tle,Fridays night was ourfamily game night.familycitiesFriday6(2018高考全国卷)The classroom is a place for learning andthat includes learning from textbooks,and mistake as well.7(2017高考全国卷)They have also bought some gardeningtools.Besides,they often get some useful informations from theInternet.mistakesi
8、nformation8 My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.honesty自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1可数名词单复数的错用2不可数名词错用复数3词性的错用4名词所有格的多余或缺失1,2,3,4,6785特别提示.单句语法填空1(2020济南外国语二模)Take a deep(breathe)and tellyourself that you have all the time in the world to remember.2(2020福建联考)For translator Anna Holmwood,this
9、 signals the(arrive)of a new era.3(2020安徽芜湖、马鞍山质检)But without sunlight and goodsoil，soon the leaves began to fall down and the(branch)began to dry.breatharrivalbranches4(2020安徽庐江六校联盟联考)“The most efficient way is todecrease the local population to reduce the(possible)ofcausing harm to the heritage，”W
10、ang said.5(2020西宁市三校联考)Buckingham Palace is a great tourist(attract),drawing millions of visitors every year.possibilityattraction.单句改错1(2020合肥一中期末)I think you can make it if you follow theadvices below.2(2020四川新津中学月考)My favorite sport is badminton,which brings me much happy.advicehappiness3(2020陕西师
11、大附中模拟)Its one of the most beautiful viewthat Ive ever seen in China.4(2020广州模拟)My son thinks that life is like a battlefield andwe have to lose many time to win the final victory.viewstimes5(2020安徽安庆模拟)We need to take action to develop a sound system that advocates good behavior and keep all necessa
12、ry requirements in minds.mind.语法填空(2020江西五校协作体联考)A new social robot has beenintroduced to the public at Nanyang Technological University inSingapore.The robot,1.(call)Nadine,was built by a researchteam at the university.Nadine has brown hair and humanlike skin.She can talk and act like a human and s
13、he even has her own personality.The robot can show emotions,like anger and 2.(sad)and change into different moods,3.(depend)on the topics she is talking about.Nadine is the most advanced and humanlike robot so far.She has builtin software that is similar to Apples Siri,which works on 4.iPhone.The ne
14、w social robot has capabilities that have never been implemented in other robots so far.Nadine can not only remember people she 5.(meet)before,but she can recall things that she said at 6.(early)conversations as well.Up to now,robots have been used widely in the manufacturing industry.However,more a
15、nd more robots are being 7.(equip)with social functions.This could be important 8.our population becoming older.Working robots could be the solution to a decreasing workforce.On the other hand,such social robots could care for children or older people.They could play and talk with them or keep them
16、company.Currently,Nadine 9.(have)a job as a receptionist at the university,10.she answers questions asked by students and other visitors.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。类人机器人Nadine是由新加坡南洋理工大学研究团队制作的机器人，她有着棕色的头发和像人一样的皮肤，能表达愤怒、悲伤等情感，有一定的社交能力，能记住曾经遇到的人、曾经说过的话。1解析：考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词call和其逻辑主语the robot之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词作后置定
17、语。该句句意：该机器人名叫Nadine，由这所大学的一个研究团队制造。答案：called2解析：考查词性转换。根据该句中的anger and可知，空处与名词anger对应，也应当用名词。答案：sadness3解析：考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词depend和其逻辑主语the robot之间为主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。答案：depending4解析：考查冠词。该句句意：她装有和苹果的Siri相似的内置软件，该软件在iPhone中运行。iPhone为可数名词，且该处可以表示泛指，也可以表示特指，故可用an或the。答案：an/the5解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境以及该句中的时间状语“
18、before”可知，该句应用现在完成时。该句句意：Nadine不但能记住以前遇到的人，还能记得她在更早的交谈中讲过的话。答案：has met6解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意参见上题。根据句意可知，该处指“更早的交谈”，故用形容词的比较级。答案：earlier7解析：考查动词的语态。该句句意：然而，越来越多的机器人正在被配备社交功能。该句主语为robots，和动词equip之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。答案：equipped8解析：考查with复合结构。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了with的复合结构，with的宾语是our population，现在分词短语becoming older作with
19、的宾语补足语。该句句意：随着人口正在老龄化，这会变得很重要。答案：with9解析：考查主谓一致和时态。该句主语为Nadine，为单数形式，故谓语动词用单数；根据该句中的currently可知，该句陈述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，故用has。该句句意：最近，Nadine拥有了一份在该大学做接待员的工作，在那里她回答学生和其他参观人员提出的问题。答案：has10解析：考查定语从句。句意参见上题。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the university，在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该从句。答案：where.短文改错(2020湖南湘东六校联考)I still r
20、emember an embarrassed experience last month.That day,I was overslept.I was running around my apartment quickly because there was something scarier for me than be late for work.I called a taxi,put a dress,threw all the embarrassingnothing beingonnecessary things into my bags，and closed it without ev
21、en looking into it.Then I took my wallet,and run out.It didnt take much time to get to work so I was hurrying the driver at every traffic light.At last,I was in the office.Surprising，when I opened my bag,I saw the two yellow or scared eyes of my cat looking at me.It seemed to be just as shocked as I
22、 was.bagranbecause/since/asSurprisinglyand.增分写作训练高考阅卷老师说,写作中使用高级词汇可以使作文丰富多彩。请用高级词汇升级下面各句中的加黑部分。1 (2020 新 高 考 全 国 卷 写 作)Dont miss such a goodchance.Youre sure to get a lot from this activity.Dont miss such a good.Youre sure toalot from this activity.opportunitybenefit 2(2018高考全国卷写作)You may take a gift with you,but it doesnthave to be something very valuable.You may take a gift with you,but it doesnt have to be something.3(2018高考全国卷写作)Please give your feedback in time andcontact us when it is convenient.Please give your feedback in time and contact us.of great valueat your convenience