1、专题四 语法填空与短文改错 第七节 与众不同特殊句式 明考向语法填空和短文改错直接考查特殊句式的题目很少，而是多涉及基础语法知识考点练悟1 (2018 高 考 全 国 卷)Chinas approach to protecting itsenvironment while(feed)its citizens“offers usefullessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，”says thebanks Juergen Voegele.2(2017高考天津卷改编)It was when I got back to my ap
2、artmentI first came across my new neighbors.feedingthat3Not until recentlythey encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.4It was when we were returning homeI realized what a goodfeeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.5Bach died in 1750,but it was not until
3、the early 19th centuryhis musical gift was fully recognized.didthatthat自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1强调句型2倒装3省略2,4,531要点提炼1强调句型的基本结构：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他。2倒装句(1)部分倒装当否定词或带有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，常用部分倒装。当only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装。so/neither/nor置于句首时，用部分倒装结构。在“so/such.that.”结构中，当“so形容词/副词”或“such名词”位于句首时，主句使用部分倒
4、装。在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首时，用部分倒装。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。(2)完全倒装完全倒装是指将谓语动词完全提到主语之前。表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词或介词，如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子需用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。3状语从句的省略在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，可以用省略结构。省略必须具备两个条件：(1)从句的主语是it或主从句的主语一致；(2)从句的谓语动词含有be动词。4There b
5、e.句型There be.句型有很多变式，理解并熟练地运用There be.句型及其变式对提升语法填空、短文改错和写作大有帮助。(1)There be.(be可用各种时态)(2)There be sb./sth.doing sth.(doing sth.为现在分词短语作后置定语)(3)There stands/lies/exists/remains/lives/comes/goes/.(4)There seems/appears/happens/used to be.(5)There is no denying that.“不可否认”(6)There is no doubt that.“毫无疑
6、问”(7)There is no need to do.“没有必要做”(8)There is no sense/point in doing.“做是没有意义的/道理的”考点练悟(单句改错 请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)1(2019高考全国卷)When I studied chemistry in high school，I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor.They were tworeasons for the decision.There2 You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at t
7、he hotel where,thecoach picks up tourists.3Only when Lily walked into the office she realize that she had leftthe contract at home.4 No sooner had Richard stepped on the stage when the audiencebroke into thunderous applause.thatdidthan自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1定语从句或状语从句与强调句型混淆2倒装结构使用错误3固定句式4there be句型使用错误234
8、1特别提示1不要把全部倒装误用作部分倒装。2不要把部分倒装误用作全部倒装。3不要把定语从句或状语从句与强调句型混淆。强调句型的判断方法是：去掉It is/was和that/who后句子结构依然完整。否则就不是强调句型。注意：被强调的是时间、地点或原因状语时，一律用that。4不要把there be句型误用作there have/has。5在一些固定句式中，不要把there be中的there与it相混淆。.单句语法填空1(2020广西梧州高三模拟)red was her coat that it stood outagainst the snow.2(2020成都诊断)(think)about
9、 what your winter mightlook like.3(2020陕西渭南一模)Results showed that when(show)famous faces,the testees drew a blank with them.SoThinkshown4(2020银川一中模拟)There(come)the school bus.Hurry up!5(2020烟台二模)It was at the railway stationI met LiMing yesterday.6(2020辽宁铁岭六校联考)fun it is to take a rest after along r
10、un!comesthatWhat.单句改错1(2020哈尔滨市第三中学模拟)There have several advantagesif you consult the people you trust.2 (2020 陕 西 渭 南 一 模)ItwasmyEnglishteachersencouragement who helped me out.arethat3(2020成都诊断)It was just then when I began to worry aboutmy safety.4(2020河南省八市重点高中质检)It was her advice which mademe a
11、better speaker and full of confidence.5(2020湖南长郡中学等四校联考)There has a big library in ourschool.thatthatis.语法填空(2020安徽皖江名校联盟五次联考)While many countriesare trying hard1.(deal)with increasing rates of childhoodobesity(肥胖),Japan stands out.The country has both high scores fornutrition and very low obesity r
12、ates.Where 2.(do)the countrys secret lie?Some say its school lunches 3.matter a lot.According to a UNICEF report,Japan tops the charts for childhood health indicators，with low rates of infant(婴儿)deaths and few underweight children.It also has the 4.(low)rate of childhood obesity among the 36 member
13、countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.Certainly,there are various factors at work,including a healthconscious society and 5.(regular)scheduled health checkups.6，a nationwide school lunch program actually plays a key role.In schools,the lunches are compulsory,which me
14、ans that no packed lunches 7.(allow)While they are not free for most,they are financially sponsored,making them affordable 8.students.Each meal is designed to have around 600700 calories,9.(balance)between carbohydrates(碳水化合物)，proteins and vegetables.A typical meal is rice with grilled fish and a le
15、afy vegetable，10.is served with soup with pork，alongside milk and dried fruit.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本在防止儿童肥胖方面所做的工作。1解析：句意：虽然许多国家都在努力应对儿童肥胖率不断上升的问题，但日本在这方面成绩突出。try to do sth.尽力做某事。答案：to deal2解析：句意：这个国家的秘密在哪里？根据上下文可知本句应该用一般现在时。本句主语secret是单数第三人称，故填助动词does。答案：does3解析：句意：有人说，正是学校午餐有着重大影响。本题考查强调句型(It is/wa
16、s被强调部分that/who其他成分)。本句中被强调部分为school lunches，指物，故填that。答案：that4解析：句意：在经济合作与发展组织的36个成员国中，日本儿童肥胖率也是最低的。根据第一段中的“Japan stands out”及本句句意可推知设空处需填形容词最高级，故填lowest。答案：lowest5解析：句意：当然，有很多因素在起作用，其中包括一个注重健康的社会和定期的健康体检。设空处作scheduled的状语，需用副词形式，故填regularly。答案：regularly6解析：句意：然而，全国性的学校午餐计划实际上起到了关键作用。本句与上段之间为转折关系，故填副
17、词However或Yet。答案：However/Yet7解析：句意：在学校，午餐是强制性的，这意味着不允许自带午餐。主语lunches与allow为动宾关系，故设空处需用被动语态；根据上下文可知本句需用一般现在时，故填are allowed。答案：are allowed8解析：句意：虽然这些午餐对大多数人来说不是免费的，但这些午餐得到了财政资助，让学生们都负担得起。设空处意为“对于来说”，故填for或to。答案：for/to9解析：每餐大约有600到700卡路里，保持碳水化合物、蛋白质和蔬菜之间的平衡。考查非谓语动词作状语。主语each meal与balance 为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分
18、词作状语，故填balanced。答案：balanced10解析：典型的一餐是米饭配烤鱼和多叶蔬菜，再配上猪肉汤、牛奶和干果。根据设空处前的逗号可知本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为meal，将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，先行词指“物”，故填which。答案：which.短文改错(2020湖北八市联考)Many traditional arts were losing nowadays,because some of whom are being replaced by modern products.I feel extreme sorry about the losin
19、g arts.In my opinions，they are classic and their charm will never fade away.Take arethemextremelyopinionmy grandma for the example.She is better at papercutting which was learnt from her mother.When I found my grandma had this skill,I was so surprised and curious it.I asked my grandma to teaching me
20、 the skill.During the process,I found that this art was brilliant,but I was attracted by it.Some traditional arts like papercutting should be keeping.goodaboutteachand/sokept.增分写作训练高考阅卷老师说，特殊句式，风景独好。因此在写作中，我们可以打破常规，利用特殊句式提高得分档次。请使用特殊句式升级以下各句。1(2020高考全国卷写作)If it is convenient,may I pay you avisit at
21、your office next Tuesday to give you more details?(用省略句式升级)If convenient,may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday togive you more details？2(2019高考全国卷写作)We can win the match only by gettingfully prepared and practicing hard.(用倒装句式升级).(用强调句升级)Only by getting fully prepared and practicing hard
22、 can we win thematch.It is only by getting fully prepared and practicing hard that we canwin the match3(2018高考全国卷写作)A wide range of sports events couldnot be held until the new stadium was completed.(用倒装句式升级)(用强调句式升级)Not until the new stadium was completed could a wide range ofsports events be held.It was not until the new stadium was completed that a wide range ofsports events could be held.