1、考点01阅读理解2019-2020年高一英语专题同步精练学案：（1）河南省洛阳市第一高级中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期末适应性考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AWith schools close in the UK during the COVID-19 outbreak, most children must now be homeschooled. Parents have found themselves not only having to balance work and having the child
2、ren at home but also having to try and teach them. How can you keep your children focused while learning?Nicola Anderson-Head of Customer Support at the UKs leading online tutoring service My Tutor, provides new, up-to-date tips to hearten parents at this difficult time and advises how they can stru
3、cture their childrens days.One is to keep to a regular timetable so it still feels like your child is taking part in the school day. Ms Anderson said, “Children of all ages do well on routine and boundaries; schools provide this in abundance and it will make most children feel secure and happy if th
4、ey can follow a similar timetable for their homeschooling.”Another tip is to create an environment which is favorable to learning. She said, “The environment should be free from distractions and ideally near to an open window, to provide them with appropriate levels of fresh air and natural light. S
5、ome children find it comfortable and helpful to have quiet, instrumental music playing in the background to help them to focus, but this isnt for everyone.”Using technology to help with your childs learning is also advised. Many schools are offering online classes and resources to help and companies
6、 are reducing or even not charging their fees during this time.It is also important to keep physical exercise as a part of your routine. Joe Wicks, otherwise known as The Body Coach, has been keeping kids healthy with daily 10 minute workouts for children on his Youtube channel. Ms Anderson said, “I
7、t can be anything from running around the garden, walking the dog, a game of football or dancing around your living room!“1Who is the text intended for?AStudentsBTeachers.CCoaches.DParents.2What may Nicola Anderson agree?ATo allow children to adjust schedule freely.BTo offer children peaceful study
8、environment.CTo recommend high-tech to online schools.DTo combine routine with kids mental health.3What is the text mainly about?AHow to improve homeschooling efficiency.BHow to obtain online learning resources.CHow to study attentively at home.DHow to design a proper schedule.【答案】1D2B3A【解析】【分析】这是一篇
9、说明文，主要基于新冠流行期间，孩子们居家学习的特殊情况，为正发愁的父母们提供如何安排孩子学习生活的建议。1推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Parents have found themselves not only having to balance work and having the children at home but also having to try and teach them. How can you keep your children focused while learning?”和第二段中的“provides new, up-to-date tips to heart
10、en parents at this difficult time and advises how they can structure their childrens days.”可知，家长们发现他们要平衡工作与教育孩子，如何让孩子在学习时集中精力成了一个难题，本文是围绕家长展开写作的，故D项正确。2推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Another tip is to create an environment which is favorable to learning. She said, “The environment should be free from distractions an
11、d ideally near to an open window, to provide them with appropriate levels of fresh air and natural light”可知，另一个方法是营造一个有利于学习的环境，她（尼古拉安德森）说：“这应该是一种没有外界干扰的环境，最好靠近一扇打开的窗户，这样可以为他们提供新鲜的空气和自然的光线。”由此推断，尼古拉安德森可能会同意（may agree）的是为孩子营造一个安静的学习环境，故B项正确。3主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“provides new, up-to-date tips to heart
12、en parents at this difficult time and advises how they can structure their childrens days”可知，本文旨在介绍居家学习期间家长如何更好地帮忙安排孩子的一天（孩子的学习生活），分别介绍了四种方法：定好时间表、提供合适的环境、利用在线教学资源、适当户外活动锻炼。准确全面来说，这些建议可以帮助更好地安排孩子的学习，使得其更有效率、有效果，而非仅仅片面地帮助孩子在学习时聚精会神，故排除干扰项C，A项正确。BIn a foreign country, a man visited a local restaurant.
13、 He didnt speak their language. He ordered something indecipherable off the menu. When the waiter brought him a plate of delicious looking fried noodles, he smiled and made an OK sign at the waiter with his thumb and forefinger linked in a circle. Looking angry, the waiter then picked up the dish an
14、d thrown it to his lap. What he did wrong, he wondered. Well, nothing is quite as it seems when it comes to using hand gesture in another country.Gestures have been used to replace words in many countries, and they are often specific to a given culture. Gesture may mean something complimentary in on
15、e culture, but is highly offensive in another.The gesture “thumb-up” is commonly misinterpreted. In English, it is popularly known as thumbs up, despite the fact that the action is commonly performed with only one hand. English-speaking Caucasians use it to signal OK, which is the same meaning as O.
16、K. ring gesture. The two can in fact be used almost interchangeably.Avoid using this gesture in Southern Sardina or Northern Greece unless you want to invite a fight. While American, British and Australian would use the thumb up to signal hitch-hiking to the drivers, this message will not encourage
17、a Greek driver or motorist to stop to give them a ride.There are no right or wrong signals, only cultural differences. Lack of cultural understanding will lead to disharmony among people from different cultures. When we know what to look for, such encounters with other cultures are actually very int
18、eresting, fascinating and fun. It is certainty a great topic to discuss over a cup of coffee and cakes.4What did the man in the first paragraph do wrong?AHe misunderstood the waiter.BHe made the signal in a rude way.CHe ordered something off the menu.DHe didnt realize cultural differences.5What does
19、 the underlined word in the second paragraph mean?AFull of aggression.BFull of admiration.CFull of complexity.DFull of certainty.6What will happen if you make a thumb up toward a man in Northern Greece?AHe will stop to give you a lift.BHe will ask you to give him a HACHe will get annoyed and fight a
20、gainst you.DHe will make the same signal toward you.7Whats the purpose of the passage?ATo tell stories about different cultures.BTo advise us to have an understanding of cultural differences.CTo explain the meaning of different gestures.DTo persuade people from different countries to live in harmony
21、.【答案】4D5B6C7B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文作者通过一则故事，说明了我们要理解文化的差异，才能与别人更好地相处。4细节理解题。由第一段Well, nothing is quite as it seems when it comes to using hand gesture in another country.可知，在另一个国家，这个手势表达的意思是不同的。由此可知，故事中的那个人没有意识到文化的差异，这是他的错误所在，选D。5词义猜测题。由下文内容but is highly offensive in another.可知，在另一个国家是冒犯的意思。所以划线词与下文内容是
22、转折关系。是offensive的反义词，所以划线词的意思是表示赞美、赞赏。故选B项。6细节理解题。由倒数第二段Avoid using this gesture in Southern Sardina or Northern Greece unless you want to invite a fight.可知如果你向一个北希腊的人伸出大拇指，他可能会被惹怒，和你打架，选C。7推理判断题。由最后一段There are no right or wrong signals, only cultural differences. Lack of cultural understanding will
23、lead to disharmony among people from different cultures. 可知，没有对错的信号，只有文化差异。缺乏对文化的理解会导致不同文化背景的人之间的不和谐。由此判断出作者写这篇文章的目的是建议我们很好的理解文化差异，选B。CAny foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand. And anyone who has tried to learn to play
24、the violin or other instruments can report similar challenges.Now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning Chinese. Writing in the online edition of Nature Neuroscience, researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts
25、of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch(音高).One of the studys authors, Nina Kraus, said the findings suggested that studying music actually tunes our sensory system. This means that schools that want children to do well in languages should hesitate before cutting music programs, Dr.
26、Kraus said. She said music training might also help children with language problems.Mandarin(普通话)speakers have been shown to have a more complex encoding(编码) of pitch patterns in their brains than English speakers do. This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages, pitch plays a central role.
27、 A single-syllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned.For this study, the researchers looked at 20 non-Chinese speaking volunteers, half with no musical background and half who have studied an instrument for at least six years.As they were shown a movie, the volunteers als
28、o heard an audio tape of the Mandarin word mi in three of its meanings: squint, bewilder and rice. The researchers recorded activities in their brain stems to see how well they were processing the sounds. Those with a music background showed much more brain activities in response to the Chinese soun
29、ds.The lead author of the study, Patrick CM. Wong, said it might work both ways. It appears that native speakers of tonal languages may do better at learning instruments.8When learning Chinese, a foreigner will find _.Ait difficult to learn music at the same timeBit not difficult to learn music at t
30、he same timeCit hard to master the tones required to speak and understandDit easy to use the brain to help him discover changes in pitch9Why does Chinese learning have something to do with music training?ABecause there is the same difficulty in learning Chinese and music.BBecause skills to learn the
31、 two make use of the same parts of the brain.CBecause music training might help people with language study.DBecause people who do well in Chinese study do well in music.10The underlined word intoned in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by the word _.AcreatedBspelledCseemedDpronounced11What would
32、be the best title of this passage?AMandarin Speakers Are Smarter than English SpeakersBSkilled Ear for Music May Help Language StudyCPitch Plays a Central Role in Chinese LearningDSchools Need to Develop Music Programs【答案】8C9B10D11B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。任何一个学过汉语的外国人都知道掌握说话和理解所需要的声调有多难。目前有研究人员发现，受过音乐训练的人学习
33、语言更容易。8细节理解题。由第一段的Any foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand.可知，任何一个学过汉语的外国人都知道掌握说话和理解所需要的声调有多难。C. it hard to master the tones required to speak and understand(很难掌握说话和理解时所需要的声调)符合以上说法，故选C项。9细节理解题。由第二段的researchers from Nor
34、thwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch(来自西北大学的研究人员说，学习汉语和音乐训练用到的是都是大脑相同的部位，这些部位有助于帮助人们发现音调中的变化。)可知，中文学习与音乐训练有关是因为学习两种技能需要用到大脑相同的部位。B. Because skills to learn the two make use of the same parts of the brain.(学习这两种节能都要用到
35、大脑的相同部分)符合以上说法，故选B项。10词义猜测题。由第四段This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages, pitch plays a central role. A singlesyllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned. 可知，在普通话和其他亚洲语言中，音调起着中心作用。一个单音节词，根据它如何toned，可以有几种意思。根据上下文语境，尤其是pitch可猜测划线部分的意思是“发音”。D. pronounced(发音)符合以上猜
36、测，故选D项。11主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的Now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning Chinese.(现在研究人员发现受过音乐训练的人在学习汉语方面会更加容易)和researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitc
37、h(来自西北大学的研究人员说，学习汉语和音乐训练用到的是都是大脑相同的部位，这些部位有助于帮助人们发现音调中的变化。)可知，本文主要讲述研究表明，经过音乐训练的人，在学汉语方面会更加容易。音乐训练和汉语学习均用到了大脑相同的部位。该部位可以帮助人们更好地发现语调的变化，有助于人们学习语言。B. Skilled Ear for Music May Help Language Study(熟练的音乐听觉有助于语言学习)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。DIn an era when fashion trends can change in a nanosecond(纳秒), people want to
38、 keep pace. Theyll wear a look a few times and then move on to the next one. In reality, most people cant really afford this.To meet this demand, online clothing rental services are growing in popularity. Shoppers can pay money online to rent the clothes they need, says the Fashion United website. T
39、he first company to put this idea into practice is Rent the Runway. The United States based company has hit a $ 1 billion valuation. CEO Jennifer Hyman credits its success to the concepts of the sharing economy. She believes that the clothing rental business and the idea of dynamic ownership is a tr
40、end in the young generation. “The millennium generation(千禧一代)，the consumer, is so ready to adopt this behavior.” Hyman told CNBCShe also points out that working women make up one of the biggest consumer groups subscribing to their services. They want more clothes but they have limited space and abil
41、ity to purchase new fashion. “Rent the Runway can be a solution for them,” Hyman told CNBC, “where they can dress for the job they want and save money and time.”Although the clothing rental business has many advantages, people still have some concerns. Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline wrote in
42、Elle that “Renting the clothes is not as sustainable as it seems.”Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rentedreceiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing. Then the
43、res the burden of washing, which has to happen to every item when its returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry-cleaning, a high impact and polluting process. “They can produce hazardous waste and air pollution if not handled correctly, and
44、theyre often paired with stain removers that are more toxic than the solvents themselves,” she told the Fashion Platforms website.12What is the article mainly about?AThe fast changes of fashion trends.BThe development of the sharing economy.CWhat contributes to the popularity of online clothing rent
45、al services.DThe advantages and disadvantages of online clothing rental services.13What is behind the success of Rent the Runway according to Hyman?ADifferent fashion tastes.BGrowth of delivery services.CThe trend of the sharing economy.DThe financial pressures facing consumers.14What is the main pr
46、oblem of online clothing subscription services, according to the text?AConsumers tend to rent more than they need.BThey could lead to other unsustainable fashion habits.CThe shipping and washing involved are not environmentally friendly.DPeople can catch infectious diseases by renting clothes from s
47、ick people.15According to the passage, the authors attitude towards the rental service isAsupportiveBindifferentCobjectiveDpassive【答案】12D13C14C15C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了为了跟上流行的趋势而诞生的服饰租赁服务行业，并分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。12主旨大意题。根据第二段中To meet this demand, online clothing rental services are growing in popular
48、ity.可知为了满足这一需求，网上服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。结合文章分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。由此可知，文章的主要内容是说明网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势。故选D。13细节理解题。根据第二段中CEO Jennifer Hyman credits its success to the concepts of the sharing economy.可知该公司首席执行官Jennifer Hyman将其成功归功于共享经济的理念。由此可知，Hyman认为Rent the Runway成功的背后是共享经济的发展趋势。故选C。14细节理解题。根据最后一段中Take shipping, for
49、example, which has to go two ways if an item is rentedreceiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.可知以运输为例，如果一件物品被租走，它必须通过两种方式接收和返回。Cline在书中写道，交通运输业在我们的总体时尚习惯中所占的比重仅次于制造业。以及Then theres the burd
50、en of washing, which has to happen to every item when its returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry-cleaning, a high impact and polluting process.可知然后就是洗衣的负担，每件衣服退了以后都要洗，不管它有没有穿过。对于大多数租赁服务，这通常意味着干洗，一个高影响和污染的过程。由此可知，网上服装订购服务存在的主要问题是涉及到运输和洗衣不利
51、于环境。故选C。15推理判断题。根据第四段中Although the clothing rental business has many advantages, people still have some concerns.可知虽然服装租赁业务有很多优势，但人们仍然有一些担忧。结合文章分别分析了网上服装租赁服务的优势和劣势，由此可推知，作者对服装租赁服务的态度是客观的。故选C。（2）内蒙古通辽市2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AThings to Do in AtlantaNeed a
52、rundown of the top things to do this weekend? Here is whats on in Atlanta.In the MoodDate: May 22 through May 26, 2019Time: 2:00 p.m. 5:30 p.m.Phone: 770-916-2800If you love the music of the 1940s, then heres what you need to do this Sunday. Go to a 1940s musical show at Cobb Energy Performing Arts
53、Center. The music of Glenn Miller has a distinctive sound. No need to ask me twice. Are you “In the mood”?Party With the Penguins (企鹅)Date: May 20 through May 25, 2019Time: 11:30 a.m. 2:00 p.m.Phone: 404-581-4000Celebrate Penguin Awareness Day at Georgia Aquariums annual party with the penguins. The
54、 party will feature fun activities, including the chance to see an African penguin up close and learn how to help protect these endangered species.Callanwolde Arts FestivalDate: May 21 to May 22, 2019Time: 10:30 a.m. 5:30 p.m.Phone: 404-872-5338Located at Callanwolde Fine Arts Center, this event is
55、a festival for artists and by artists, letting them have a voice in the creation and operations of the festival. If you are of the artistic persuasion or enjoy a creative scene, dont miss out.Foollios Hoodilly StorytimeDate: May 21 through May 27, 2019Time: 1:00 p.m. 4:30 p.m.Phone: 404-523-3141We m
56、ake up a brand-new story every week. Come and enjoy a new story each time at Dads Garage Theater. Little ones will get to help provide key parts of the story and even add in their own jokes. Interactive and out-of-the-ordinary fun for kids and parents!1Where should you go if you are a music fan?AGeo
57、rgia Aquarium.BDads Garage Theater.CCallanwolde Fine Arts Center.DCobb Energy Performing Arts Center.2Which event appeals to animal lovers?AIn the Mood.BParty With the Penguins.CCallanwolde Arts Festival.DFoollios Hoodilly Storytime.3Which number helps sign up for an opportunity if you are crazy abo
58、ut painting?A770-916-2800.B404-581-4000.C404-872-5338.D404-523-3141.【答案】1D2B3C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了亚特兰大城周末举行的几项活动。你可以去看音乐表演、近距离接触企鹅、参加互动讲故事和艺术节。文章给出了活动的时间、地点、内容和联系电话等信息。1细节理解题。In the Mood部分第一句If you love the music of the 1940s, then heres what you need to do this Sunday.可知如果你喜欢音乐，你应该去Cobb Energy Per
59、forming Arts Center。故选D。2细节理解题。Party With the Penguins部分中The party will feature fun activities, including the chance to see an African penguin up close and learn how to help protect these endangered species. 可知Party With the Penguins会吸引动物爱好，因为有机会近距离观察非洲企鹅。故选B。3细节理解题。Callanwolde Arts Festival部分中If yo
60、u are of the artistic persuasion or enjoy a creative scene, dont miss out.可知如果你对绘画很着迷可以去Callanwolde Arts Festival，拨打活动电话404-872-5338，故选C。BMy name is Lwazi Nzimande. I started my schooling at Thukeyana Primary Farm School in Underberg, KwaZuluNatal.I had a favourite teacher in primary school. Her nam
61、e was Miss Dube. She taught me natural science and human social sciences in grade six and seven, and had a way of pushing learners to be able to think for themselves. She made sure that each and every learner took part in every lesson. She used pictures, diagrams (图表) and other things to make learni
62、ng easier and more unforgettable, moving at a pace that was suitable for all students. As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, open-mindedness, and reliability (可靠性). Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, dont you?In my opinion, patience, respect, open-mindedness, and r
63、eliability are some of the things that all teachers should have and show. A patient teacher is one who understands that some learners need more explanation than others to understand something in class. He or she should always be willing to help learners. An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is
64、 found in the textbook. A teacher who is respected will find it easy to control a class. Respect is earned through what a teacher says to learners or how he or she deals with them in general.Miss Dube often told us not to badmouth or make fun of others. She also did so. She never badmouthed other te
65、achers in front of us. Also, Miss Dube never made fun of her learners. She thought making fun of learners in front of others would hurt them and damage their confidence.Miss Dube was also very honest. From my point of view, thats also what a good teacher should be like. If she didnt have an answer t
66、o a question, she would let her learners know. This set a good example to the learners.4Why was Miss Dube the authors favourite teacher?ABecause of her rich knowledge.BBecause of her good appearance.CBecause of her teaching style and character.DBecause of her lifestyle and attitude to students.5What
67、 does the author think an open-minded teacher should do?APay close attention to every students improvement.BTell about something outside the textbook.CAvoid believing everything in the textbook.DShow great respect for her students.6What can we learn about Miss Dube from Paragraph 4?AShe liked praisi
68、ng her students.BShe was very confident in class.CShe got along well with other teachers.DShe set a good example to her students.7What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph mean?ABeing a very patient teacher.BAnswering students questions.CBeing honest in front of students.DTeaching s
69、tudents very difficult things.【答案】4C5B6D7C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，为什么Miss Dube是作者小学阶段最喜欢的老师。4推理判断题。由第二段中的“She used pictures, diagrams (图表) and other things to make learning easier and more unforgettable, moving at a pace that was suitable for all students. As a teacher, she showed patience, respect, o
70、pen-mindedness, and reliability (可靠性). Now you see why she was my favourite teacher in primary school, dont you?”（她用图片、图表和其他东西使学习更容易、更难忘，以适合所有学生的节奏。作为一名教师，她表现出耐心、尊重、开放和可靠。现在你知道她为什么是我小学最喜欢的老师了吧？），可推断出作者喜欢Miss Dube是因为她的教学风格和性格。故选C项。5细节理解题。由第三段中的“An open-minded teacher will go beyond what is found in t
71、he textbook.”（一个思想开明的老师会超越课本上的内容），可知一个思想开明的教师不会局限于课本，会讲课本以外的东西。故选B项。6推理判断题。由第四段中的“Miss Dube often told us not to badmouth or make fun of others. She also did so. She never badmouthed other teachers in front of us. Also, Miss Dube never made fun of her learners.”（Miss Dube经常告诉我们不要说坏话或取笑别人。她也这么做了。她从不在
72、我们面前说其他老师的坏话。而且，杜贝小姐从不取笑她的学生），可推断出Miss Dube以身作则，不说其他老师坏话，也不取笑学生，给学生树立了一个好榜样。故选D项。7指代猜测题。由最后一段中的“Miss Dube was also very honest.”（Miss Dube也很诚实。）和“If she didnt have an answer to a question, she would let her learners know.”（如果她对一个问题没有答案，她会让她的学习者知道），可推断出This指Miss Dube在学生面前很诚实一事。故选C项。CIf you walked int
73、o a cinema recently, the chances are that you would have felt surrounded by superhero movies. It seems like a new one is released every week. However, once upon a time, there werent any superhero films. All that changed with the release of the first Superman movie in December, 1978.The first Superma
74、n comic book came out in 1938, and it changed the comic industry. Before Superman, nobody wore a cape (披肩) and nobody had a big logo on their chest. He wasnt the first superhero, but he started the so-called Golden Age of Comic Books and his look became the archetype (原型) of all superheroes.Why did
75、people take to Superman? One of the keys is wish-fulfillment, his creator Jerry Siegel told CurtainUp. com. Indeed, Superman reflects many of the values and characteristics that people admire.Superman lives as Clark Kent, a news reporter. However, he can become the superhero whenever he needs to. He
76、 can fly, lift any object, see through walls and melt steel with his eyes. He is selfless. He chooses to help the people of the Earth by fighting injustices against them.Over the years, Superman has had different types of enemies and situations, usually related to the problems people faced. When the
77、re was a lot of organized crime in cities in the 1930s, Superman fought bad people. When young men went off to fight Nazi Germany, Supermans motto became truth and justice. And after World War II (1939-1945), when African-Americans were terrorized by violent hate groups, Superman fought against raci
78、sm.Today, Superman enjoys global popularity. We all work or study and care about our families and friends. We see problems that we cant change. Through all of these, we struggle to do our best and also to find personal happiness. Superman is the guy we wish we could be. He can save the world and sti
79、ll get Clark Kent to work on time.8Why do people like superman?AThe image of superman is cool.BIt has always been a cultural tradition.CSuperman is popularized by news reporters.DPeople wish to be powerful enough to solve hard problems.9What can we infer from paragraph 5?ASupermans mission changes w
80、ith times.BSupermans archetype is a news reporter.CSuperman has the power to solve all problems.DSuperman went to Germany to fight Nazi in World War II.10What does the underlined word “these” in the last paragraph refer to?ASupermans heroic deeds.BSupermans extraordinary abilities.CWhat happens in p
81、eoples daily life.DWhat people see in superhero movies.11Which of the following does the author support?ASuperheroes do exist in our life.BAll problems in society should be solved.CPeople find themselves expressed through Superman.DSuperhero movies need promotion to be more popular.【答案】8D9A10C11C【解析
82、】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，超人开创了“漫画书的黄金时代”，他成为所有超级英雄的原型，人们喜欢超人。8推理判断题。由第三段中的“One of the keys is wish-fulfillment, his creator Jerry Siegel told CurtainUp. com.”（其中一个关键是“愿望的实现”，他的创造者杰里西格尔告诉CurtainUp。）和最后一段中的“We see problems that we cant change. Through all of these, we struggle to do our best and also to fin
83、d personal happiness. Superman is the guy we wish we could be. He can save the world and still get Clark Kent to work on time.”（我们看到了无法改变的问题。通过所有这些（日常生活中发生的事情），我们努力做到最好，也找到个人的幸福。超人是我们希望成为的那个人。他可以拯救世界，而且还能让Clark Kent准时上班。），可推断出人们喜欢超人，是因为人们希望像超人一样有足够的能力来解决棘手的问题。故选D项。9推理判断题。由第五段中的“Over the years, Super
84、man has had different types of enemies and situations, usually related to the problems people faced.”（多年来，超人有不同类型的敌人和情况，通常与人们面临的问题有关。）和后面举的3个例子，可推断出超人的使命随着时代的变化而变化。故选A项。10指代猜测题。由最后一段中的“We all work or study and care about our families and friends. We see problems that we cant change. Through all of t
85、hese, we struggle to do our best and also to find personal happiness.”（我们都工作或学习，关心我们的家人和朋友。我们看到了无法改变的问题。通过所有这些（日常生活中发生的事情），我们努力做到最好，也找到个人的幸福。），可知生活中会碰到无法改变的事情，但经历这些事情，人们会努力做好自己并找到幸福，可知these指代人们日常生活中发生的事情。故选C项。11推理判断题。由第三段找到“Indeed, Superman reflects many of the values and characteristics that people
86、 admire.”（事实上，超人反映了人们崇拜的许多价值观和特征。）和最后一段中的“We see problems that we cant change. Through all of these, we struggle to do our best and also to find personal happiness. Superman is the guy we wish we could be. He can save the world and still get Clark Kent to work on time.”（我们看到了无法改变的问题。通过所有这些（日常生活中发生的事
87、情），我们努力做到最好，也找到个人的幸福。超人是我们希望成为的那个人。他可以拯救世界，而且还能让Clark Kent准时上班。），可知超人身上有许多普通人的特质，遇到无法改变的问题时，人人都想成为超人，是因为超人可以做普通人不能做的事情，可推断出作者认为人们可以通过超人来表达（解决自己身为普通人无法解决的事情）。故选C项。DGetting a high grade in an exam depends partly on how much you can remember. So, improving memory is essential to success in studying. Bu
88、t is there anything that we can do about it? One solution might be walking backwards.According to a new study published in the Journal of Cognition, walking backwards, whether doing it really or just imagining it, can boost (增强) the brainpower in the short term.In the study, 114 volunteers were aske
89、d to watch a video in which a woman had her bag stolen. Then they answered 20 questions about the details shown in the video. Ten minutes after watching the video, the volunteers were divided into three groups. The first two groups were told to move forwards or backwards 10 meters while the third gr
90、oup was asked to stay still on the same point. The researchers found that the backwards-walking group got two more correct answers on average than the other two groups. This suggests that a relationship between the concepts (概念) of time and space is essential to the way our minds form memories.When
91、we walk backwards, everything we learn becomes strange to us. This forces the brain to think in a different wayits a rewiring and changes the focus, US neuropsychologist (神经心理学家) Christine Weber told Forbes. It almost always means that our brain needs to be more active and alert in the limited time.
92、 Naturally, our short-term memory will be improved significantly.Apart from improving our memory, walking backwards also plays an important role in physical health, especially fitness. A study published in Journal of Biomechanics in 2012 found that backward walking puts less strain and requires a sm
93、aller range of movements from the knee joints (膝关节). Thus, theres less pressure and pain in the knees.In addition, walking backwards, compared to forward walking, is more challenging. It requires you to use muscles and movements that you probably rarely use, making it a perfect way to change your ex
94、ercise routine for greater fitness gains. Meanwhile, by making people put in extra effort, it naturally burns more fat and calories.12Which group of people perform best in the memory test?AThe staying-still group.BThe forwards-walking group.CThe imaginary-walking group.DThe backwards-walking group.1
95、3In what way does walking backwards benefit peoples health?AIt can make people slim.BIt can reduce peopled stress.CIt can strengthen peoples joints.DIt can make people more energetic.14What do we know about backward walking?AIt follows our exercise routine.BIt limits peoples thinking time.CIt direct
96、s our focus to important details.DIt makes peoples brain more active and alert.15Whats the writers purpose in writing paragraph 4?ATo add another aspect of the topic.BTo support the result of the research.CTo sum up the main idea of the passage.DTo provide some background information.【答案】12D13A14D15
97、B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过实验证明，“向后行走”有助于短期记忆改善，还可以帮助减轻膝盖的压力，帮助减肥。12细节理解题。由第三段中的“The researchers found that the backwards-walking group got two more correct answers on average than the other two groups.”（研究人员发现，向后行走组平均比其他两组多得到两个正确答案。）可知向后行走组在记忆测试中表现最好。故选D项。13细节理解题。由最后一段中的“It requires you to use muscles an
98、d movements that you probably rarely use, making it a perfect way to change your exercise routine for greater fitness gains. Meanwhile, by making people put in extra effort, it naturally burns more fat and calories.”（它要求你使用肌肉和你可能很少使用的运动，使向后行走成为一个完美的方式来改变你的锻炼计划，以获得更大的健身收益。同时，通过让人们付出额外的努力，它自然会燃烧更多的脂肪和
99、卡路里。）可知向后行走能够减肥，使人苗条。故选A项。14细节理解题。由第四段中的“It almost always means that our brain needs to be more active and alert in the limited time.”（向后行走几乎总是意味着我们的大脑需要在有限的时间内变得更加活跃和警觉。）可知向后行走使人的大脑更加活跃和警觉。故选D项。15推理判断题。由第四段尾句“It almost always means that our brain needs to be more active and alert in the limited tim
100、e. Naturally, our short-term memory will be improved significantly.”（向后行走几乎总是意味着我们的大脑需要在有限的时间内变得更加活跃和警觉。当然，我们的短期记忆会大大改善。）可推断出第四段是为了支持研究结果：向后行走可以提高短期记忆。故选B项。（3）山西大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一5月模块诊断英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。ALast year marked the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I
101、. There were events around the world in memory of those who died in the conflict. We have picked out three of them in European countries. Lets take a look.BelgiumIn a park, the famous Belgian artist Koen Vanmechelen had an exhibition called Coming World, Remember Me. The work consisted of 600,000 in
102、dividual(个别的) clay sculptures, one for each person killed during the World War. In the center of the exhibition was a big egg made of clay, symbolizing a new world.UKIn a small town called Aldridge, almost 100 houses in one street were covered with 24,000 poppies and statues of soldiers. They stood
103、for the men from the area who had been killed in the war. The flowers were chosen because of a poem written by the Canadian doctor John McCrea in 1915. They made people think of fields of blood.FranceThe British artist Guy Denning arrived in La Feuille, a small town in the northwest of France, to st
104、ick life-size drawings of soldiers who never came back home. Armed with glue and a brush, Denning stuck his drawings carefully on walls. Before long 112 men, mainly young adults, were brought back to mind, if not to life.1What do we know about Coming World, Remember Me?AIts the name of an exhibition
105、.BIts a film about World War I.CIts a work standing for peace.DIts a sculpture made of clay.2Why were poppies chosen to symbolize the dead soldiers?AThe British people preferred them.BThey showed the cruelty of war.CA Canadian doctor suggested them.DThe fields were filled with them.3How was the end
106、of World War I marked in France?AA memorial to the dead soldiers was built.B112 wounded soldiers in the war were helped.CDrawings of some dead soldiers were put up.DYoung adults were encouraged to join the army.【答案】1A2B3C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。去年是第一次世界大战结束100周年。世界各地都举行了纪念战争死难者的活动。本文介绍了欧洲的三个国家的是如何进行纪念活动的。1细
107、节理解题。根据Belgium部分的In a park, the famous Belgian artist Koen Vanmechelen had an exhibition called Coming World, Remember Me. 可知，Coming World, Remember Me 是一个展览的名字，故选A。2推理判断题。根据UK部分的The flowers were chosen because of a poem written by the Canadian doctor John McCrea in 1915. They made people think of f
108、ields of blood. 可知，罂粟花被选来象征死去的士兵是因为它们让人想到血泊，想到那些死去的战士，结合所给选项可推断出，它们展示了战争的残酷。故选B。3细节理解题。根据France部分的The British artist Guy Denning arrived in La Feuille, a small town in the northwest of France, to stick life-size drawings of soldiers who never came back home. 可知，在法国，他们是把死去的战士的画像张贴出来。故选C。BIf you live
109、in a town or city on the edge of a desert or coastline where sand dunes form, you might understand the threat they can have. Its, sometimes, a piece of cake for them to cover roads, buildings, farms and other man-made developments with their unpredictable movements. Thus, figuring out how they move
110、is important for preventing some natural disasters.Now scientists have discovered that dunes have been secretly moving in ways we never knew before. There are different explanations on dune interaction, however, Karol Bacik, first author on the new dune study, and his colleagues have found a new one
111、 for dune movement. The researchers employed high-speed cameras to observe how dunes separated by distance can act as if theyre connected.It turns out, currents flowing over sand dunes can carry “information” to other dunes downstream in the form of swirls(旋涡). For instance, as wind or water flows o
112、ver the top of a dune, it slightly moves. This can generate “swirls” on the back of a downstream dune and push it in a direction opposite the movement of the front dune.Its the first time that researchers were able to provide causal explanations for some of these strange, previously unpredictable mo
113、vements. The team also hopes to get out of the laboratory and into the real world, to see if their models can be applied to dune movements in complex natural systems. They plan to use satellite images over large deserts to track groups of dunes over long periods.Perhaps they can start to alter the d
114、une marching orders in the near future. Imagine being able to tell a dune field exactly how you want it to move. Thats the idea that this research might one day make possible.4We can learn that the purpose of the study is to _.Astop the sand dunes from moving aroundBfigure out the track of sand dune
115、 movementsCprove the interaction of dunes with each otherDexamine a model of sand dunes in the real world5What does the underlined word “one” in Para. 2 refer to?AA study.BAn interaction.CAn explanation.DA dune.6Which of the following can we know from the passage?AA sand dune communicates with anoth
116、er only by currents.BSwirls on the back of a dune are the power to move itself.CSome strange dune movements have got causally explained before.DResearchers think it unnecessary to study further on the dune models.【答案】4B5C6B【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了弄清楚沙丘是如何运动的，对于防止一些自然灾害是很重要的。4推理判断题。根据第一自然段最后一句话Thus, figu
117、ring out how they move is important for preventing some natural disasters.(因此，弄清楚它们是如何运动的，对于防止一些自然灾害是很重要的)我们可以推断出研究的目的就是为了弄清楚沙丘的运动轨迹，那么B项figure out the track of sand dune movements(找出沙丘运动的轨迹)满足推断。故此题选B。5词义猜测题。根据猜词句There are different explanations on dune interaction, however, Karol Bacik, first auth
118、or on the new dune study, and his colleagues have found a new one for dune movement.(关于沙丘相互作用有不同的解释，然而，新沙丘研究的第一作者卡罗尔巴西克和他的同事们发现了沙丘运动的新解释)根据however之前的句子，我们可知这里在讲对于沙丘相互作用的解释，所以这里的one就是指一个新的解释。故选C。6推理判断题。根据倒数第三自然段This can generate “swirls” on the back of a downstream dune and push it in a direction opp
119、osite the movement of the front dune.(这会在下游沙丘的背面产生“漩涡”，并将其推向与前沙丘运动方向相反的方向)我们可以推断出沙丘背后的涡轮能够推动沙丘前进。那么B项Swirls on the back of a dune are the power to move itself. (沙丘后面的漩涡是移动的动力)满足推断。故此题选B。CGeneral Motors (GM) shared the first details of its third-generation electric vehicle (EV) and Ultium battery sys
120、tem just about a month ago, but it wont be the only automaker using this new EV hardware. Honda(本田) is now planning to build two new electric models based on the GM tech.Sharing of EV technology across automakers is becoming an increasingly common practice. Last summer, Ford reached an agreement to
121、build at least one European battery electric vehicle (BEV) based on Volkswagens platform and more recently, Hyundai(现代) announced plans to use the electric platform from California-based startup Canoo.This hardware sharing makes sense for automakers since the technology is expensive to develop but o
122、nce its built into a vehicle, there wont be much to distinguish(区分) one from another. Sharing allows the development cost to be spread over more vehicles, which is crucially important for a company to seize market share in the fierce competition.While Honda has an excellent reputation for designing
123、traditional engines, having even supplied some to GM in the past, it has struggled with BEVs. The Japanese automaker has focused more on fuel cell(电池) technology whose adoption is very limited at present. The only BEV that Honda currently offers in the U.S. market is the Clarity EV which offers just
124、 89 miles of range on a charge. While Hondas own BEV efforts dont seem to have gained any progress, they have been working with GM on battery module design since 2018 and likely had a hand in the development of Ultium battery system.The so-called “top-hats” which make up the body and inside of the v
125、ehicle will be designed and developed by Honda, however, the propulsion system and battery will come from GM. The first of the new Honda BEVs are scheduled to go on sale in 2024 and be produced at GM factories.7Which automaker will probably use the new EV hardware besides GM?AFord.BHonda.CVolkswagen
126、.DHyundai.8What is becoming more and more common among automakers?AUsing electric platform.BBuilding electric models.CSharing EV technology.DSeizing car market share.9Why is hardware sharing necessary to automakers?ABecause making vehicles is difficult.BBecause designing engines is important.CBecaus
127、e distinguishing vehicles is necessary.DBecause developing technology is very expensive.10What can we infer from the passage?AHonda has defeated GM in developing BEVs.BHonda will be better than GM in developing BEVs.CHonda and GM will be partners in developing BEVs.DHonda will purchase GM factories
128、to produce BEVs.【答案】7B8C9D10C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在电动汽车(EV)技术的发展的大背景下，本田计划使用通用汽车的Ultium电池开发纯电动汽车(BEV)。汽车制造商之间共享电动车技术正成为一种越来越普遍的做法。7细节理解题。根据第一段最后“but it wont be the only automaker using this new EV hardware. Honda(本田) is now planning to build two new electric models based on the GM tech.”本田正在计划制造的两款新电动车型是
129、基于通用公司的技术基础之上的，也就是说明本田很可能会使用通用公司的新式的电动汽车硬件。故选B.8细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Sharing of EV technology across automakers is becoming an increasingly common practice.”，汽车制造商之间越来越普遍的做法是共享电动汽车技术。故选C。9细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“This hardware sharing makes sense for automakers since the technology is expensive to develop”可知，硬件共享对于
130、汽车制造商来说是很有意义的，因为这项技术的开发成本很高，所以汽车制造商共享硬件的原因是开发成本很高。故选D。10推理判断题。根据最后一段“the body and inside of the vehicle will be designed and developed by Honda, however, the propulsion system and battery will come from GM.”汽车的身体和内部都由本田设计，通用会提供推进系统和电池，所以本田和通用在开发纯电动汽车方面会是合作伙伴。故选C。（4）江苏省丹徒高级中学、句容实验高中、扬中二中2020-2021学年高一
131、下学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AThe International Voluntary Service runs a number of Youth Exchanges throughout the year. Youth Exchanges give small groups of 4-5 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeksThese young pe
132、ople are joined by 4-5 young people from 3-4 other nationalities and are a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment.Example Youth Exchanges：Youth Exchange 1Location：IrelandOther nationalities：Ireland，Spain，Italy，HungaryTheme：Focuses on the topic of community reconstruction and commun
133、ity activitiesexploring how local issues facing our communities are connected to global issuesThe group will also learn about the eco-village as an example of a community and take part in team-building activities.Youth Exchange 2Location：FranceOther nationalities：Bulgaria，Italy，FranceTheme：Organic g
134、ardening & continual livingThis project will take place in a natural park，where the group will take part in gardening activities and gamesworkshops about continuous developmentYouth Exchange 3Location：MacedoniaOther nationalities：Serbia，Turkey，IrelandTheme：Foster social inclusion and motivate person
135、al development of young people through sports and outdoor activitiesPromote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportunitiesYouth Exchange 4Location：ItalyOther nationalities：Italy，Bulgaria，GreeceTheme：A sociaI-environmental project that intends to promote socia
136、l inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. Over 10 days, the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment51What do you focus on when travelling in France?AGardening work.BCivil r
137、ights.CDeveloping social inclusion.DRebuilding communities.52If you are interested in protecting the environment，you can take part in _.AYouth Exchange 1BYouth Exchange 2CYouth Exchange 3DYouth Exchange 453Which nationality are Youth Exchanges most popular with?ASpainBItaly.CIreland.DFrance.【答案】51A5
138、2D53B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几项青年交流项目。51细节理解题。根据文中Theme：Organic gardening & continual living.可知，法国旅游主要集中在园艺方面。故选A。52细节理解题。根据文中Theme：A sociaI-environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. 可知，You
139、th Exercise 4是关于环保的。故选D。53细节理解题。文中四则消息中，三则都包括意大利，故判断意大利最流行。故选B。BMy name is Sara. When I was little, I played the drums. I also had a guitar. In fourth grade, I started playing the trombone (长号). I practised about four hours a week. All of this might not seem like a big deal for a lot of kids, but th
140、eres something about me that makes me a bit different from others. I was born without hands. Since I was about one year old, Ive worn prosthetics (假肢).This year, I got an invitation to join the high school marching band (行进管乐队). I told my mom I wanted to do it. But I had an instructor who thought I
141、would not be able to march in the band not because it was a high school band and I was only in seventh grade, but probably because my body was different. All I wanted was to show that I could do it, so I joined the band. And it paid off!Music gives me energy. That happens sometimes. One time I was s
142、o down, I didnt even want to get out of bed. Then I hit my MP3 player by accident. A song came on, and I got up and started dancing. It helped me say to myself, “OK, I can get through today.”Around my musician friends, we all share the same problems, like working out how many beats there are in a me
143、asure (小节). I have a hard time counting the beats, but so do a lot of the other kids. Its a normal problem that we musicians share. When Im with the band, I dont feel as different as I do in other situations. Its just another way that music makes me want to go on, and not to just sit down by myself
144、and not care about life.54In what way is Sara different from other kids?ATheres something wrong with her body.BShe knows how to play many instruments.CShe learned to play the drums at a very early age.DShe kept playing the trombone for the longest hours.55When invited to join the marching band, Sara
145、_.Asaid no at firstBhad no idea what to doCfollowed the instructors adviceDbelieved that she would make it56How does Sara probably feel when shes with the band?ABored.BRelaxed.CSuccessful.DAfraid.57What would be the best title for the text?AA High School BandBA Young DrummerCMy Love for MusicDMy Mag
146、ic Hands【答案】54A55D56B57C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过本文主要讲述了自己对音乐的热爱。54细节理解题。由第一段中的I was born without hands.(我生来就没有双手)可知，Sara之所以和其他小孩不同是她没有双手。A. Theres something wrong with her body.(她身体有残疾)符合以上说法，故选A项。55细节理解题。由第二段中的All I wanted was to show that I could do it, so I joined the band.可知，我只是想证明我能做到，所以我加入了乐队。由此可
147、知，Sara相信自己能够做到，所以就应邀加入了高中行进管乐队。D. believed that she would make it(相信她可以做到)符合以上说法，故选D项。56推理判断题。由最后一段中的When Im with the band, I dont feel as different as I do in other situations.可知，当我和乐队在一起的时候，我感觉并不像在其他情况下那么不同。由此可知，Sara和乐队在一起的时候觉得自己和其他人没有那么不同，由此推测，她会很放松。B. Relaxed.(放松的)符合以上说法，故选B项。57主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤
148、其是第一段的My name is Sara. When I was little, I played the drums. I also had a guitar. In fourth grade, I started playing the trombone(长号).(我是Sara，小时候，我打鼓，我也有吉他。四年级时，我开始演奏长号)和最后一段的Its just another way that music makes me want to go on, and not to just sit down by myself and not care about life.(这只是另一种音乐
149、让我继续下去的方式，而不只是一个人坐下来，不关心生活)可知，作者通过本文主要讲述了自己对于音乐的热爱。虽然没有双手，但是演奏乐器给自己的生活带来了快乐和希望。C. My Love for Music(我对音乐的喜爱)可以作为本文标题，故选C项。CThere are many useful suggestions and pieces of advice that can help one to improve English. Here are some useful suggestions and new tips to increase ones English language voca
150、bulary.Learning English vocabulary is about much more than just learning the right words. A broad grasp of vocabulary in the English language is based on understanding important expressions.Learning a word will not help very much if you quickly forget it. Research shows that it takes from 10 to 20 r
151、epetitions to really make a word part of your vocabulary. Since most words are learned from how they are used in context, the more words one is shown, the better vocabulary one will have. Keep a piece of paper close to you. When you read, pay more attention to the word you do not know, write the wor
152、d down and try to figure out its meaning from the context. Then look up the word in a dictionary.Remember that if you do not use English words that you have just learned in conversation or writing, you will forget them very quickly. So the best way to learn new words effectively is just by trying to
153、 use them in conversation and writing. Remember also that practice is the key to fluent spoken English.Building vocabulary is a life-long task. Remember, “In the beginning was the word.” Your future could depend on how rich your vocabulary is. It will also determine the quality of your communication
154、.58We can learn from the passage that learning English vocabulary .Ais just about learning the right wordsBis about remembering more and more wordsCdoesnt require one to learn expressionsDrequires one to understand important expressions59Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?AI
155、t doesnt take long to build ones vocabularyBIf you remember a word, you are still able to forget it if you dont use it.CTo master a word, you need to repeat it 10-20 times.DPractice is very important in fluent spoken English.60The best way to learn new words is .Areading them loudly over and over ag
156、ainBwriting them down over and over againCtrying to use them while speaking and writingDalways looking them up in the dictionary61What is the passage mainly about?AHow to have a good conversation in EnglishBHow to enrich your English vocabularyCWhy context is important in learning EnglishDHow to imp
157、rove the quality of communication【答案】58D59A60C61B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了提高英语词汇量的一些新技巧。58细节理解题。由第二段“ A broad grasp of vocabulary in the English language is based on understanding important expressions.”可知，对英语词汇的广泛掌握是建立在理解重要表达的基础上的。所以从这篇文章我们可以学到，学习英语词汇需要学习者理解重要的表达。故D选项正确。59细节理解题。由最后一段“Building vocabular
158、y is a life-long task”可知，词汇量的积累是一项终生的任务。所以A选项“积累词汇量并不需要很长的时间”是不对的。故A选项正确。60细节理解题。由第四段中“So the best way to learn new words effectively is just by trying to use them in conversation and writing”可知，所以有效学习新单词的最好方法就是试着在对话和写作中使用它们。所以学习新单词的最好方法是试着在说和写作的时候使用它们。故C选项正确。61主旨大意题。由第一段“Here are some useful sugges
159、tions and new tips to increase ones English language vocabulary”可知，这里有一些有用的建议和提高英语词汇量的新技巧。短文的结构为总分结构。所以通过第一段的总说以及各个小标题的分说。可以判断出这篇文章主要讲的是如何丰富你的英语词汇。故B选项正确。DAre some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the a
160、nswer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who
161、lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some ex
162、tent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random (随机地) from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the o
163、ther hand we take two identical (完全相同的) twins they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins
164、 and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggeste
165、d by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.62Which of these sentences best describes the writers point in Para. 1?ATo some extent, intelligence is given at birth.BIntelligence is developed by
166、 the environment.CSome people are born clever and others born stupid.DIntelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.63It is suggested in this passage that _.Aunrelated people are not likely to have different intelligenceBclose relations usually have similar intelligenceCthe clo
167、ser the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligenceDpeople who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence64In Para. 1, the word surroundings means _.AintelligenceBlifeCenvironmentsDhousing65The best tit
168、le for this article would be_.AOn IntelligenceBWhat Intelligence MeansCWe are Born with IntelligenceDEnvironment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence【答案】62D63B64C65A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了尽管一个人的智慧的限制是固定在出生时，关系越近的人，智力就越相似但是他是否达到这些限制将取决于他的环境，彼此密切联系但根本没有关系的人可能具有相似的智力。62推理判断题。根据文章第一段中While the limits o
169、f a persons intelligence are fixed at birth，whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment可知，作者认为尽管一个人的智慧的限制是固定在出生时，他是否达到这些限制将取决于他的环境。故选D。63推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests th
170、at intelligence depends on birth.可知，兄弟姐妹，父母和孩子的关系，通常具有相似的智力，这清楚地表明智力依赖于出生。故关系越近的人，智力就越相似。故选B。64词义猜测题。根据上文On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied可知另一方面，在烦闷环境中成长的孩子智力发展得不如在丰富多彩的环境中成长的孩子好。故surroundings意思为“环境”，
171、故选C项。65主旨大意题。阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了尽管一个人的智慧的限制是固定在出生时，他是否达到这些限制将取决于他的环境。故选A。（5）宁夏银川市宁夏大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AFrom: terri wombat. Com. AuTo: (happylizijun) yaboo. com. cnSubject: My schoolHi, Li Zijun,Thanks very much for your email. I really enjoye
172、d reading it. I think we have a lot in common. I wonder if our school life is similar too.I go to a big high school in Sydney called Maylands High School. There are about 1000 students and 80 or so teachers. My class has 25 students in it, which is normal for a Year 11 class. In the junior school th
173、ere are about 30 students in a class.In the senior high school we have lots of subjects to choose from, like maths, physics, chemistry, biology, history, German, law, geography, software design, graphic arts and media studies. (Different schools sometime have different optional subjects.) English is
174、 a must for everyone and we have to do least three other subjects in Year 11 and 12. At the end of Year 12 we sit for a public exam called the High School Certificate.As well as school subjects, most of us do other activities at school such as playing a sport, singing in the choir or playing in the
175、school band. We can also belong to clubs, such as the drama club, the chess club and the debating society.We have a lot of homework to do in senior school to prepare for our exam, so unless I have basketball practice, I usually go straight home and start studying. I arrive home about 4 pm, make myse
176、lf a snack and work till 6. Then I help the family to make dinner and we all eat together. Im usually back in my room studying by 8 pm. I stop at about 10 oclock and watch TV or read a book for half an hour to relax. On Saturdays, I usually go out with my family or with friends and I sleep in till l
177、ate on Sunday morning. Then its back to the books on Sunday afternoon.How about you? Whats your school life like? Do you have a lot of homework? What do you do to relax when youre not studying? Im looking forward to finding out.Your Australian friendTerrie1How many subjects do the students have to d
178、o at least in Year 11 and 12?A11B3C4D62What does the underlined phrase “sit for” in Para3 mean?ApassBtakeCgo forDhold3On Sunday afternoon, Terri usually_.Aread booksBplay in the school bandCplay basketballDhelps her family to prepare dinner【答案】1C2B3A【解析】【分析】这是中学生网友的一封书信，信中介绍了澳大利亚的学校情况。1C。简单计算题。第三段，E
179、nglish is a mustand least three other subjects，总计为4门课程。2B。猜测词义题。第12年末，我们还要参加名为高中学业水平的公开考试。sit for 参加，应考。3A。细节理解题。从第5段最后一句得知，Terri通常在周日下午读书。BThe Humane Society of Utah,a non-profit organization,is the largest shelter in the state because it takes every animal that can be lawfully accepted.The shelter
180、 employed photographer Guinevere Shuster,from New York,who came up with a creative way to find new homes for the dogs.She took lively photos for them. The 31-year-old created sets of four pictures showing the playful and serious sides of each animal.Guinevere Shuster tried her best to show these dog
181、s the way theyd really look if you allowed them into your life.She said,“Im always trying to imagine better ways to make the poor animals attractive to the public.The photos show their great personalities and are a much better way than presenting them as the sad dogs waiting to be taken home.Im luck
182、y because I get to connect the two things I love most,animals and photography.” Guinevere says she finds it easy to work with dogs.She said,“Its just me and the dog in the office so they can pay their attention to the photo-taking.I use a lot of treats and some funny noises Ive learned to get the do
183、gs attention. A fun method is to throw treats at the dogs-its useful for getting unusual looks from them.” Since starting the project,a number of dogs have been taken home by dog lovers after they saw Guineveres pictures on the Humane Society of Utahs Facebook page.In the last three years,she has ph
184、otographed more than 4,000 animals.This year,the shelter has placed nearly 9,000 homeless pets into their permanent homes.4The Humane Society of Utah is .Aa shelter center only for little dogsBa profit-making organizationCa home for the old citizens in UtahDan organization to help homeless animals5W
185、hat can we know about Guinevere Shuster?AShe is a photographer featuring on animals and plants.BShe shows great interest in photographing animals.CShe grew up in New York and learned photography there.DThe photos of the dogs she took were displayed at her gallery.6Which statement is TRUE according t
186、o the passage?AThe organization only accepts animals from the state of Utah.BGuinevere worked for the Humane Society of Utah voluntarily.CMany dogs have been adopted after Guineveres photos were posted.DGuinevere takes the pictures of the dogs at her own home.7What is the authors attitude towards th
187、is project?AObjective.BSubjective.CDoubtful.DCritical.【答案】4D5B6C7A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了The Humane Society of Utah是一个非盈利组织，是这个州最大的动物庇护所。这个组织雇佣了摄影师Guinevere Shuster为这些动物拍照，多亏了她拍摄的或顽皮或严肃的照片，许多狗被爱狗人士带回家。4细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The Humane Society of Utah,a non-profit organization,is the largest shelter in the st
188、ate because it takes every animal that can be lawfully accepted.（非营利组织犹他州人道协会(Humane Society of Utah)是该州最大的动物收容所，因为它会接收所有合法接收的动物。）可知，The Humane Society of Utah是一个非盈利的帮助无家可归动物的组织。故选D。5推理判断题。根据第二段Guinevere Shuster说的Im always trying to imagine better ways to make the poor animals attractive to the publ
189、ic（我一直在想更好的办法让这些可怜的动物吸引公众的注意力）. Im lucky because I get to connect the two things I love most, animals and photography.（我很幸运，因为我能把我最喜欢的两件事联系起来，动物和摄影。）可推断出她对拍摄动物有极大的兴趣。故选B。6细节理解题。根据最后一段首句Since starting the project,a number of dogs have been taken home by dog lovers after they saw Guineveres pictures o
190、n the Humane Society of Utahs Facebook page.（自从开始这个项目以来，因为在the Humane Society of Utah的Facebook主页上看到了Guinevere拍摄的照片，很多狗被爱狗的人带回家。）由此可知，在Guinevere拍摄的照片被发布以后，许多狗被领养了。故选C。7推理判断题。根据最后一段句子In the last three years,she has photographed more than 4,000 animals.This year,the shelter has placed nearly 9,000 home
191、less pets into their permanent homes.（在过去的三年里，她已经拍摄了4000多只动物。今年，收容所已经安置了近9000只无家可归的宠物。）并结合二、三两段内容可知，作者在介绍Guinevere时客观公正，没有感情色彩。故选A。COne of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school?Listen Listen
192、 when they are talking. Dont say anything unless they ask you a question. Sometimes its not necessary for you to have anything to say; they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.Help them If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first
193、, but make sure you dont do everything they want you to do. Try to take an extra (额外的) pencil or pen with you to classes in case (以防) they forget one. Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need.Be there for them Try to make something for your friend to help make
194、 them feel better in hard times. Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend. Marilyn Monroe, a famous U.S. actor, once said, “I often make mistakes. Sometimes I am out of control. But if you cant stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve (值得) to
195、 be with me at my best.” Always remember this! If you dont want to stay with your friends when theyre in hard times, then you dont deserve to be with them when theyre having a good time!_ Try to make plans with your friends. Go shopping, go for ice cream, have a party, go to a movie and so on. Take
196、time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy. By planning things together, you both can have a good time. And youll remember these things when youre all old!8While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings, you should _.Agive him or her some adviceBjust listen
197、unless askedCcalm him or her downDshare your feelings as well9When we provide help for our friends, we should _.Atry to do everything for themBput them before ourselvesCchange their bad habits firstDignore their faults10What can we learn from Marilyn Monroes words?ALife without a friend is death.BA
198、friend is easier lost than found.CA friend in need is a friend indeed.DA man is known by his friends.11What is the passage mainly about?AHow to find a good friend.BHow to help friends in trouble.CHow to be a good friend.DHow to make more friends.【答案】8B9B10C11C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。世上最重要的事情之一是友谊。想交朋友，你必须准
199、备好当个朋友。但你怎样才能在学校当个好的朋友呢？本文给出了几条建议。8细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句Listen when they are talking. Dont say anything unless they ask you a question.可知，当他们谈论的时候，你只是听。不要说任何事情除非他们问你问题。故选B。9细节理解题。根据第三段第一句、二句If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first.如果你的朋友有需要，帮助他们
200、。你应该尽量以他们为先。故选B。10推理判断题。根据第四段中的if you cant stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve (值得) to be with me at my best.（如果在我最糟糕的时候，你不和我呆在一起，那在我最好的时候，你就不配在我身边。），故C项friend in need is a friend indeed.（患难朋友才是真正的朋友。）与玛丽莲梦露的话意思相同，故选C。11主旨大意题。根据第一段One of the most important things in the world is fr
201、iendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school?(世上最重要的事情之一是友谊。想交朋友，你必须准备好当个朋友。但你怎样才能在学校当个好的朋友呢？)以及下面的内容都围绕怎么当个好朋友，故C项是文章主题。【点睛】事实询问题，这类试题通常以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找
202、与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。同时要注意题目和文章中的暗示作用，特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。26小题B细节理解题。根据第三段第一句、二句If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them.You should try to put them first.可知，如果你的朋友有需要，帮助他们。你应该尽量以他们为先。故选B。DMove over millennials(千禧一代), here comes Generation Z, todays youngest group.Born in 1995 or
203、later, a lot of Gen Z-ers are entering into adulthood and will soon join the workforce. People of Generation Z have grown up with the internet. Policy makers, sociologists, as well as employers and marketers, are trying their best to understand these young people. So, how should we pin down the Gen
204、Z-ers?Most people will agree that the single biggest difference between Gen Z and other generations is how connected they are. This is a group of people who were hooked up to social media as soon as they were born. A recent Guardian article says that the average teenager in the UK has at least 150 f
205、ollowers on Instagram and spends around half an hour a day on Snapchat, an image messaging app. “We are the first true digital natives,” Hannah Payne, an 18-year-old UCLA student and lifestyle blogger. “I can almost create a document, edit it, post a photo on Instagram and talk on the phone at the s
206、ame time, all from the user-friendly interface(界面) of my iPhone.The Guardian also notes that young people in the UK are becoming more active in politics. Voting is just one way of making ones voice heard. Most of Generation Z are still too young to vote, says the Guardian. Instead of party politics,
207、 they focus more on single-topic issues such as feminism(男女平等)or climate change. And “much of the civil engagement and organizing they do takes place on social media rather than through traditional political structures,” according to the newspaper.12The underlined phrase “pin down” in the second par
208、agraph can be replaced by _.Aset an example toBhave an interest inCgive an explanation forDmake a decision on13The biggest difference between Generation Z and other generations lies in _.Ahow connected they areBhow enthusiastic they areChow they communicate with each otherDhow many hours they spend
209、on the Internet14What do Instagram and Snapchat have in common?AThey are newly-created cellphonesBThey are popular among millennialsCThey are online games invented by teenagersDThey are applications used by teenagers15What can we infer from the last paragraph?AGeneration Z have great interest in pol
210、iticsBMost Gen Z-ers havent entered the political fieldCVoting is the only way of making yourself noticedDVoting on social media is the same as voting through traditional ways【答案】12C13A14D15B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。Generation Z是指90年代后半及之后出生的人，是美国流行用语，也就是95后。文章说明了Z世代是一出生就和社交媒体联系在一起的一代，也是在政治上越来越活跃的一代。但还没有进入政治领
211、域。12词句猜测题。文章第三段中提到“This is a group of people who were hooked up to social media as soon as they were born.”第三段是说明Z世代与社交媒体之间有紧密联系的一代；第四段提到“young people in the UK are becoming more active in politics.”，第四段说明Z世代是在政治上变得越来越活跃的一代。这两段是解释说明Z世代是什么样子的。划线词所在的句子意思为“那么我们应该怎么解释Z世代是什么样子的呢？/我们应该怎么界定Z世代呢？”由此可以猜测划线词“
212、pin down”意思为“解释，界定”。故选C项。13细节理解题。根据第三段中“Most people will agree that the single biggest difference between Gen Z and other generations is how connected they are.” 大多数人都会同意Z世代和其他几代人最大的区别在于他们（与社交媒体）之间的联系有多紧密。故选A项。14细节理解题。根据第三段中“Snapchat, an image messaging app”可知，Snapchat是一种图片信息应用；根据“I can almost creat
213、e a document, edit it, post a photo on Instagram（可以创建一个文档、编辑它、在Instagram发布照片）”可知，Instagram也是一个应用程序。因此Instagram和Snapchat都是青少年喜欢使用的应用程序。故选D项。15推理判断题。根据第四段中“Most of Generation Z are still too young to voteInstead of party politics, they focus more on single-topic issues such as feminism(男女平等)or climate
214、 change.”可知，虽然Z世代在政治上变得越来越活跃，但是大多数Z世代年龄还太小，不能参加投票。他们关心的不是政党政治，而是更多地关注单一热点问题，如男女平等或气候变化等。由此可以推断，大多数Z世代还没有进入政治领域。故选B项。（6）黑龙江省大庆第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AFantastic Magazines for Learning EnglishDigital Photogra pherPerfect if you like: taking pictures wit
215、h your camera or phone.What youll find inside: This magazine is full of colorful photos and very pleasing to look at. There are many tips and guides on how to take great pictures, and they are written in simple and easy-to-understand English though there are some technical camera terms. You feel lik
216、e the writers are tolking to you! You can impress your friends with your irnproved English and your new photography skills!Fast CompanyPerfect if you like: business and learning how successful companies work.What youll find inside: Fast Company is one of the most approachable magazines about busines
217、s and companies. It has many interviews of successful people, as well as general news about interesting new companics. It does use a higher level of writing than what is usual for magazines, so give it a try first to make sure you can understand the articles.Cricket and CicadaPerfect if you like: ex
218、cellent literature and short stories.What youll find inside: Cricket and Cicada are literary magazines aimed at teenagers. Each issue is full of wonderful short stories and poems, and beautiful illustrations. Even though these are technically childrens magazines, they are perfect for learning Englis
219、h because they have high quality writing.Mental FlossPerfect if you like: interesting trivia and facts.What youll find inside: What does outer space smell like？ Why isnt cat food mouse-flavored？ If youre the kind of person who asks yourself these questions, youll love Meriful Floss, Each issue is fu
220、ll of bite-sized trivia and mostly short articles with really interesting facts that youll want to share with others.While the print edition of the magazine stopped publishing in 2016, you can still read Mental Floss online. Click here to get more information.1Which magazine tells something about bu
221、siness and companies？ADigital Photographer.BFast CompanyCCricket.DMenial Floss.2What is special about Cricket and Cicada？AThey focus on drawing skillsBThey can only be bought online.CThey are intended for teenagers.DThey are full of colorful pictures.3Where is the text most probably taken？AOn a webs
222、ite.BIn a newspaper.CIn an English textbook.DFrom a science magazine.【答案】1B2C3A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本学习英语的好杂志，分别介绍了这些杂志的情况。1细节理解题。根据Fast Company部分中Fast Company is one of the most approachable magazines about business and companies.可知Fast Company是最平易近人的关于商业和公司的杂志之一。由此可知，Fast Company是关于介绍商业和公司的杂志。故
223、选B。2细节理解题。根据Cricket and Cicada部分中Cricket and Cicada are literary magazines aimed at teenagers.可知Cricket and Cicada是针对青少年的文学杂志。由此可知，Cricket and Cicada特别之处在于他们是为青少年设计的。故选C。3推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Click here to get more information.可知点击这里获得更多信息。由此可推知，文章可能来自一个网站。故选A。BThat warm day was the only day of the week wi
224、thout rain.I opened the door,took a seat and began to enjoy the wonderful sunshine.Suddenly,I noticed that the house near mine had been sold.An elderly lady was in front of the door,with some beautiful flowers beside her.I walked to her.She looked to be in her early eighties and had the prettiest wh
225、ite hair.“Hi!My name is Karmen,” I said smiling brightly at the old lady.She smiled back and said,“Hello,Karmen.Im Kitty.” Her voice was very strong for someone at her age.Later,I learned that she was alone and had no family or relatives to help her.From that day on,I often visited her and helped he
226、r with her housework and sometimes she gave me some delicious food.A year passed,and I considered her to be one of my best friends.One day,I walked over for my morning visit and knocked on the door,but there was no answer.I knocked again,and she still didnt turn up.So I let myself in,using the key s
227、he had given me.I checked her living room and then her kitchen.I finally went into her bedroom,and she was lying peacefully on her bed.Beside her there were two notes.One was her will(遗嘱),which said all that she had would be given to me.The other was a thank-you note.I went to her bedside and cried
228、sadly.Though several years has gone by,I still miss her deeply.Whenever I look at the beautiful flowers in front of her house,I remember the wonderful friendship we had.4Through visiting the old lady,the author learned that the old lady .Adisliked all her relativesBhad no one to look after herCdidnt
229、 want to live with her familyDwas looking for someone to look after her5What can we learn from the passage?AThe old lady was not kind.BThe author didnt have any good friends.CThe old lady didnt know how to make food.DThe author got along very well with the old lady.6What does “turn up” mean in Parag
230、raph 3?Aappear BleaveCtry Dchange7In order to thank the author,the old lady decided to.Agive the author her favourite flowersBlet the author know she was her best friendCgive the author a key to her houseDleave all that she had to the author【答案】4 B 5 D 6 A 7 D 【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。这篇短文作者主要记述了他和一位老人的友谊。4细节
231、理解题。根据第二段中的Later,I learned that she was alone and had no family or relatives to help her.可知,没有人来照顾她。故B选项正确。5细节理解题。根据短文第二、三段描述可知，作者和这个老人相处得很好，以至于最后将财产都给了作者。故D选项正确。6词义猜测题。由下文描述可知，作者用老人给她的钥匙检查了她的起居室，走进她的卧室，她安详地躺着，留下了遗嘱，因此可知老人去世了，因此推断没有出现，故turn up与appear意思相同。故A选项正确。7根据第三段中One was her will, which said al
232、l that she had would be given to me. The other was a thank-you note. I went to her bedside and cried sadly.可知，为了感谢作者，老太太决定把她所有的东西都留给作者。故D选项正确。CWhen you are sitting in the car, do you ever notice the drivers looking over their shoulders or side to side in the car? Well, they are doing this to check t
233、heir blind spots! Blind spots take driving extremely difficult and increase the potential for car accidents.Fourteen-year-old Alaina Gassler from Pennsylvania noticed her mother struggling with blind spots while driving their family car. So she came up with an ingenious solution that won the first p
234、lace and $25,000 in the Broadcom Masters Competition.Blind spots are the areas around the car that cannot be directly observed by the driver. There are two kinds of blind spots-on the back of the car that cannot be seen with mirrors, and blind spots at the front of the car as well.When a driver is c
235、hanging lanes, he has to look over his shoulder through the side windows to make sure that there is no vehicle in the blind spot. This invisible area is big enough to hide a car!The other blind spot is created in the front by the A-pillar（柱子）-the material on either side on the windshield（挡风玻璃）that h
236、olds the glass and forms the frame of the car. In some cars, this pillar can be quite thick. Usually, people or cyclists can be hidden by this pillar.Alainas design was to get rid of the blind spot created by the front A-pillar of the car, the one that helps hold up the windshield.She put a camera o
237、n the outside passenger side of the car which then sent the photos to a projector above the drivers head. Then, she covered the inside of the pillar in reflective fabric onto which the image was projected. Basically, her device made the pillar see through and removed the blind spot on that side of t
238、he car.Alninas solution is very creative and could be improved by using LCD displays that will make it easier to see during day time as well.8What can be learned about blind spots during driving?AThey call for careful driving.BThey make driving thrilling.CThey are many in kinds.DThey cant be get rid
239、 of.9Which of the following can replace the underlined word ingenious in paragraph 2?AinterestingBcreativeCinspiringDinvisible10How did Alaina solve the problem?ABy improving the A-pillar.BBy using a mirror on the outside of the A-pillar.CBy relying on LCD displays.DBy using a camera to capture imag
240、es.11Whats the best title for the text?AAn Introduction to Blind SpotsBA Warning About the Road SafetyCA Teens Creative Solution to Blind SpotsDScientific Research on Blind Spots【答案】8A9B10D11C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自宾夕法尼亚州的14岁的Alaina Gassler想出的有关汽车盲点的解决方案。盲点是指驾驶员无法直接观察到的车辆周围的区域。Alaina用相机捕捉图像的方法解决了汽车盲
241、点的问题。8推理判断题。由第一段中的Blind spots take driving extremely difficult and increase the potential for car accidents.(盲点使驾驶极其困难，增加了发生车祸的可能性)，可以推理得知盲点的存在要求驾驶员在开车时必须谨慎驾驶，故选A项。9词义猜测题。由第二段中的.solution that won the first place and $25,000 in the Broadcom Masters Competition可知，Alaina想出的解决方案在Broadcom Masters大赛中赢得了一等
242、奖，由此可以得知她的方案是有创意的。根据最后一段中的Alninas solution is very creative(Alnina的解决方案非常有创意)可再次确定B项为正确答案，故选B项。10细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的She put a camera on the outside passenger side of the car which then sent the photos to a projector above the drivers head.可知，她在车外乘客侧放了一个摄像头，然后将照片发送到司机头顶上方的投影仪上。因此可知Alaina是用相机捕捉图像的方法解决了汽车盲点
243、的问题。故选D项。11主旨大意题。通读全文及由第二段中的Fourteen-year-old Alaina Gassler from Pennsylvania noticed her mother struggling with blind spots while driving their family car. So she came up with an ingenious solution(来自宾夕法尼亚州的14岁的Alaina Gassler注意到她的母亲在驾驶汽车时，受到汽车盲点的困扰。所以她想出了一个巧妙的解决方案)可知，文章介绍了14岁的Alaina Gassler想出的有关汽车
244、盲点的解决方案。因此C项（青少年对盲点的创造性解决方法）为最佳标题，故选C项。DEver called a movie theater to find out showtime? Or called a customer service center for help? Chances are you didnt speak to a human being. You probably gave commands to an Automated Speech Recognition (ASR) system. These types of systems are efficient money
245、-saving tools that allow companies to address many customer concerns with minimum human intervention.The technology for such a system has advanced greatly since its appearance in the 1950s. One significant recent achievement is the launching of virtual personal assistants (VPAs) on mobile phones. Th
246、e most well-known of these is Apples iPhone VPA, Siri. If you tell Siri that you want to schedule lunch with a friend, “she” can set the appointment on your phone in seconds. The VPA can also hold a basic “conversation” with a sense of humor. However, it can only be set off when the human user speak
247、s certain key phrases or words.While the potential for communication between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this possibility concerns some people. Some experts worry about peoples attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be undevelop
248、ed in younger generations. They worry that people wont be able to display the right emotion or tone in conversations because they havent been practicing those skills. Others fear that machines will take over functions that were traditionally performed by humans, such as customer service.Another conc
249、ern often associated with the development of new technology is the invasion of privacy. When people use certain speech recognition applications, they leave behind an audio track of their speech. When you ask a VPA for directions, your speech is often sent and saved to a remote server for processing.
250、 This digital information may lead to data mining, or the collection of large quantities of personal data.For now, however, the continuing evolution of ASR software is thrilling to behold. Asking for and acquiring information from an automated source has never been easier. Leading companies in the s
251、peech recognition world will make human communication with machines as seamless as possible - in other words, just like communicating with another human.12What can we say about Apples Siri?AIts a helpful VPABIt first appeared in the 1950s.CIts the most advanced ASR system.DIt has the same sense of h
252、umor as humans.13What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about?AThe broad definition of ASR.BPotential problems with ASR.CThe fast development of ASR.DMovements against using ASR.14What is the authors attitude towards the future of ASR?AWorried.BDoubtful.CHopeful.DIndifferent.15What is the best title for
253、 the text?ATalking to TechnologyBThe Application of SiriCThe Art of ConversationDVPAs on Mobile Phones【答案】12A13B14C15A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章在开头提到了ASR（Automated Speech Recognition） 自动语音识别的概念，进而在下文的论述中提到了该技术在使用中存在的问题和未来的前景。12细节理解题。根据题干关键词Apples Siri定位到文章第二段第三句The most well-known of these is Apples iPhone
254、VPA, Siri. 其中最著名的是苹果虚拟助理Siri，根据下一句If you tell Siri that you want to schedule lunch with a friend, “she” can set the appointment on your phone in seconds. 如果你告诉 Siri 你想和朋友一起吃午饭，她可以在几秒钟内在你手机上设置约会时间。由此可得出，Siri对手机使用者的帮助意义。选项A“这是一个很有用的VPA”符合题意。故选A项。13主旨大意题。第三段首句为本段的主题句While the potential for communicatio
255、n between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this possibility concerns some people. 虽然人类和机器之间的交流的可能性看起来令人兴奋，但这种可能性使一些人担忧。本段接下来讲的就是一些人机交流出现的问题；第四段第一句：Another concern often associated with the development of new technology is the invasion of privacy. 另一个担忧的问题是与新技术发展相关的对隐私的侵犯。可知，第四段同样解释的是人机交互交流之间
256、的问题。所以两段可以作为同一个话题来讲述，即讲述人机相互交流之间的问题。选项B“ASR的潜在问题”符合题意。故选B项。14推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句For now, however, the continuing evolution of ASR software is thrilling to behold. 然而，眼下 ASR 软件的持续进化令人兴奋。可以看出，尽管上文提到了ASR的使用中存在的问题，但其未来的发展是光明的。由此可知，作者对ASR未来充满希望，选项C符合题意。故选C项。15主旨大意题。文章在开头提到了ASR（Automated Speech Recognition） 自
257、动语音识别的概念，进而在下文的论述中提到了该技术在使用中存在的问题和未来的前景。选项A“和技术对话”充分说明了文章的重点，适合作文章题目。故选A项。（7）四川省宜宾市2020-2021学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。ANational Pet Week (May 39, 2020) celebrates the pets that enrich our lives and encourages responsible pet care every day of the year. It is cel
258、ebrated during the first full week of May each year and it was created almost forty years ago by the American Veterinary Medical Association. During this week, retailers (零售商) get in the game with discounts on all sorts of pet products, from CBD products to pet clothes. Here are some websites where
259、you can buy something you want with discounts during the National Pet Week.Crown and Paw:This fun service will turn a photo of your pet into a work of art inspired by authentic 19th-century portraits and Renaissance-era (文艺复兴时期) paintings. Select a costume from their online catalog, like the Dutches
260、s or the Admiral, upload a photo and they do the rest! During National Pet Week, save 20 percent off with code PETS30.Dr. Marty Pets:This website offers pet foods that are made with freeze-dried fresh ingredients, as well as healthy pet medicine. Till June 1, save 25 percent off all regularly priced
261、 products with code PETS25.Mutts & Meows Pet Accessories:This brand offers over 100 different styles of hand-sewn pet handkerchiefs, bow ties, neckties and hair bands. From May 1 to 10, save 10 percent off site wide with code PETWEEK10.Petmate:Petmate carries a wide variety of pet products including
262、 food, portable kennels, and toys, like the Chuckit! From May 3 to 9, save 20 percent off any order of $35 or more with code PETS20.1Whats the purpose of National Pet Week?ATo play games with the pets.BTo call on people not to raise the pets.CTo attract people to buy the pet products.DTo celebrate t
263、he pets making our lives colorful.2Which website can you get an artistic photo of your pet?ADr. Marty PetsBPetmateCCrown and PawDMutts & Meows Pet Accessories3How much of the regular price does it take you to buy a necktie on May 10th ?A10%B90%C75%D80%【答案】1D2C3B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在国家宠物周期间打折的几个网站。1
264、细节理解题。根据文章第一句“National Pet Week (May 39, 2020) celebrates the pets that enrich our lives and encourages responsible pet care every day of the year.(国家宠物周(5月3日9日，2020年)为丰富了我们的生活的宠物而庆祝，并鼓励每一天都负责任地去关爱宠物)”可知，国家宠物周的目的是庆祝宠物使我们的生活丰富多彩。故选D项。2细节理解题。根据第二段Crown and Paw部分第一句“This fun service will turn a photo o
265、f your pet into a work of art inspired by authentic 19th-century portraits and Renaissance-era (文艺复兴时期) paintings.(这种有趣的服务把一张宠物照片变成一件从19世纪文艺复兴时期肖像画中得到灵感的艺术照)”可知，可以从Crown and Paw这个网站得到一张宠物的艺术照片。故选C项。3细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Mutts & Meows Pet Accessories部分的介绍中“From May 1 to 10, save 10 percent off site wide with
266、 code PETWEEK10.(从5月1号到10号，使用代号PETWEEK10可以节省10%)”可知，在5月10号那天买领带，可以得到10%的折扣，所以只需花费90%。故选B项。BToday in the UK teenagers are allowed to work from the age of 13, and many do take up part-time jobs. Its a taste of independence and sometimes a useful thing to put on their CV(简历). Teenagers agree that it te
267、aches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing their money.Some research has shown that not taking part-time job could be detrimental to a person later on. A 2015 study by the UK Commission on Employment and Skills found that not taking part-time work at school age had been
268、 blamed by employers organizations for young adults being ill-prepared for full-time employment. However, recent studies have still shown that the number of schoolchildren in the UK with a part-time job has fallen by a fifth in the past five years.So, does this mean that British teenagers are now mo
269、re afraid of hard work? Probably not. Young people feel that going out to work will affect their performance at school, and they are under more pressure now to study hard and get good exam results and a good job in the long term. However, Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School
270、and College Leaders, told BBC News that Properly regulated part-time work is a good way of helping young people learn skills that they will need in their working lives. In reality, its all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and rest.4Which is
271、 the advantage of having part-time jobs?ALearning useful lessons.BSpending money at will.CLiving independently.DMaking some money.5What does the underlined word detrimental probably mean?ACareful.BHelpful.CFaithful.DHarmful.6From the passage, in UK we know_ .Ahard work is not fit for teenagersBa gir
272、l aged 10 is not allowed to workCa fifth children have taken part-time jobsDworking benefits teens performance at school7What is Geoff Bartons opinion?ALearning some necessary working skills.BKeeping a balance between study and rest.CHaving as many part-time jobs as possible.DFocusing on teenagers a
273、chievements at school.【答案】4A5D6B7A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在英国，一些研究表明兼职工作可以增加学生的社会经历，有利于学生增长见识，为以后的全职工作做好准备。4细节理解题。根据第一段的Teenagers agree that it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing their money.(青少年们都说兼职工作教了他们和成年人一起工作和理财的宝贵经验)可知，通过兼职工作青少年可以学习宝贵的经验。A. Learning useful less
274、ons.(学习有用的经验)符合以上说法，故选A项。5词义猜测题。根据第二段的Some research has shown that not taking part-time job could be detrimental to a person later on. A 2015 study by the UK Commission on Employment and Skills found that not taking part-time work at school age had been blamed by employers organizations for young ad
275、ults being ill-prepared for full-time employment. 可知，一些研究已经表明不做兼职工作可能对一个人以后detrimental。英国就业和技能委员会2015年的一项研究发现，雇主组织指责年轻人在上学的年龄没有做兼职，导致他们没有做好全职工作的准备。根据句意，尤其blamed 和ill-prepared猜测划线部分的意思是“有害的”。D. Harmful.(有害的)符合以上说法，故选D项。6细节理解题。根据第一段的Today in the UK teenagers are allowed to work from the age of 13, and
276、 many do take up part-time jobs.(当今，在英国青少年从13岁起就被允许工作，并且很多孩子确实在从事兼职工作)可知，在英国13岁及以上的孩子可以做兼职，即13岁以下的孩子不允许做兼职工作。B. a girl aged 10 is not allowed to work(一个10岁的女孩不允许工作)符合以上说法，故选B项。7细节理解题。根据最后一段的However, Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, told BBC News that
277、Properly regulated part-time work is a good way of helping young people learn skills that they will need in their working lives. (然而，学校领导协会的秘书长Geoff Barton告诉BBC新闻，适当规范的兼职工作是帮助青年人学习他们在工作生活中需要的技能的好方法)可知，Geoff Barton 认为通过兼职，青年人可以学到必要的工作技能。A. Learning some necessary working skills.(学习一些必要的工作技能)符合以上说法，故选
278、A项。CWho is Li Ziqi? For 7 million watchers on YouTube and 20 million micro bloggers on Sina Weibo, thats an easy question to answer. She holds an account on each of the two platforms, and uploads her videos about the detailed cooking processes of various kinds of traditional Chinese food.Li is a cra
279、ftsperson in a rural area of Southwest Chinas Sichuan province. Different from others, she is fond of showing the whole process from the field to the table. For example, in her video about spicy tofu, she starts with harvesting the soy beans, grinding them into powder and making tofu, and then cooks
280、 it. Her works also include building a homemade oven to bake bread.Like the rest of us, Li was probably not born with skills to create the things we see in her videos, but she uses everything and everybody around her as a teacher. Li never attended college, but she shows us how useful self-learning
281、can be in an age of plenty of learning resources.Li lets the world see one of the most important aspects of the Chinese people, how they live their daily lives. She lets the world know that Chinese people love good food and are good at making art out of even simple raw materials, which have caught t
282、he hearts of her global audience.Moreover, Lis charming videos show the simple joys of country living, which she can improve by using her head, heart and hands. While others become the product of their environment, she turns her surroundings into her product. Others see problems and feel frustrated,
283、 while Li goes and fixes them. We, therefore, can choose to be inspired by her, to seek the artistic solution and enjoy the creativity, joy and relaxation that “doing” life could offer.8What is special about Lis videos?ABaking bread in a modern way.BBoth on YouTube and Sina Weibo.CMixing Chinese wit
284、h western food.DShowing planting and cooking processes.9What has interested global audience in Paragraph 4?ATraditional Chinese tofu.BTurning daily life into art.CChinese peoples country life.DThe detailed cooking programme.10The author suggests that we should _.Aenjoy watching Lis videosBfix the br
285、oken things by ourselvesCuse surroundings to improve our livesDhave the simple joy of country living11What is the authors attitude to Lis videos?AFavorable.BIndifferent.CDoubtful.DNegative.【答案】8D9B10C11A【解析】【分析】本文是一片说明文。文章主要讲述了中国才女李子柒把她自己亲物做的中国美食从种植到烹饪的全过程用视频记录下来，并发表在大众媒体上，受到了全世界的关注。她这种把生活当艺术来过的生活方式
286、很值得我们每个人去学习。8细节理解题。根据第二段Different from others, she is fond of showing the whole process from the field to the table.（与其他人不同，她喜欢展示从菜地到桌子的整个过程。）可知，李子柒的视频的独特之处在于它们显示了做一种美食的种植和烹饪的全过程。故选D。9细节理解题。根据第四段She lets the world know that Chinese people love good food and are good at making art out of even simple
287、raw materials, which have caught the hearts of her global audience.（她让世界知道，中国人喜欢美食，善于用简单的原材料制作艺术，这吸引了全球观众的心。）可知，她把日常生活变成了艺术使得全球的观众都为之感兴趣。故选B。10推理判断题。根据最后一段While others become the product of their environment, she turns her surroundings into her product. 当其他人成为他们环境的产物时，她把周围的环境变成了她的产品。以及We, therefore,
288、 can choose to be inspired by her, to seek the artistic solution and enjoy the creativity, joy and relaxation that “doing” life could offer.（因此，我们可以选择受到她的启发，寻求艺术解决方案，享受“做”生活所能提供的创造力、快乐和放松。）可知，作者暗示我们应该利用我们的环境来改善我们的生活。故选C。11推理判断题。根据最后一段We, therefore, can choose to be inspired by her, to seek the artis
289、tic solution and enjoy the creativity, joy and relaxation that “doing” life could offer.（因此，我们可以选择受到她的启发，寻求艺术解决方案，享受“做”生活所能提供的创造力、快乐和放松。）可知作者号召我们向李子柒学习，从而可以推断出作者对李子柒所拍的视频是非常赞同的。故选A。【点睛】在做阅读理解题时，我们可以根据作者的用词风格，推断作者的情感态度。一篇好的文章，其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛，渲染情感的词句，进而很好地
290、洞察作者的思想倾向，是支持、反对抑或中立，是喜欢不是不喜欢等。例如第4小题推理判断题。根据最后一段We, therefore, can choose to be inspired by her, to seek the artistic solution and enjoy the creativity, joy and relaxation that “doing” life could offer.（因此，我们可以选择受到她的启发，寻求艺术解决方案，享受“做”生活所能提供的创造力、快乐和放松。）可知，作者号召我们向李子柒学习，就因为这样的有思想倾向的句子，我们就可以推断出作者对李子柒所拍的
291、视频是非常赞同的。故选A。DWe know its good to learn another language. It opens doors, makes you more employable, helps you make new friends, and its fun, too. But to improve our linguistic（语言）skills, many of us have to stand hours of school lessons or evening classes, with our heads buried in textbooks. Its no
292、wonder that technology appears to be providing a better and more accessible way of learning.There is certainly a huge demand for language learning, and having a smart phone means you can have a virtual teacher with you wherever you go. Many app developers are keen to cash in on the demand, and there
293、 are numerous learning apps available including our own, free, BBC Learning English app!Some educational apps offer languages not popular enough to be taught at evening classes, or at most universities. And others offer “invented” language courses in Esperanto, Elvish and Star Treks Klingon lessons
294、you might not find in a traditional classroom.Whatever you want to learn, apps allow you to go at your own pace and fit learning around other commitments. But theyre not perfect you might not get your head round the grammar and will lack the peer support you get in a classroom environment.So, does t
295、echnology take the place of the end of traditional classrooms and teachers? Guy Baron, head of modern languages at Aberystwyth University, thinks not. He told the BBC that apps should be used alongside classroom methods, not to remove traditional teaching. And he adds: “The apps are not designed for
296、 degrees, but they could be additional resources.”Certainly technology is going to help in and outside the classroom. But attending a real lesson, facing a real teacher, probably forces you to be more involved.12Which of the following statements is true?ASmart phones must be used in language classes
297、.BEveryone has to bear to stay in classrooms all day.CLearning another language helps improve technology.DLanguage learners have more chances to be employed.13What can you do by learning on apps?AStudying on your own schedule.BLearning all the popular languages.CBecoming a master of grammar easily.D
298、Having many classmates to study together.14What can we infer from the last paragraph?ATechnology will replace teachers.BWe use technology to teach better.CReal teachers and lessons get us more involved.DApps should be popularized in all different classes.15What is probably the best title for the pas
299、sage?AThe Way to Learn with Apps.BThe Advantages of Learning with AppsCThe Choice of Apps or Classroom Learning.DThe Importance of Learning another language.【答案】12D13A14C15C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。很多人认为手机应用程序给学习者提供了一种可以替代在教室里学习的选择。让学习者按照自己的节奏，在日常生活之余随时随地学习外语。但手机应用程序是学习的最佳工具吗?本文讨论用智能手机学习的利弊，以及它是否预示着传统课堂教学模式将
300、从此一去不返。12细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It opens doors, makes you more employable, helps you make new friends, and its fun too.”可知它开启大门，让你更有可能被雇佣，帮助你交到新朋友，并且它也很有趣。可以判断出学习一门语言可以让人更具工作竞争力。故选D项。13细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Whatever you want to learn, apps allow you to go at your own pace and fit learning around other commitment
301、s.”可知，通过app学习语言，人们可以按照自己的节奏进行学习。故选A项。14推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、第三句“But attending a real lesson, facing a real teacher, probably forces you to be more devoted. Motivation can be a problem when using an app.”可知，参加真实的课堂可能会迫使人们投入其中，但用app学习语言就没有这一优点。由此判断出真正的老师和课程让我们更投入。故选C项。15主旨大意题。通读全文可知，很多人认为手机应用程序给学习者提供了一种可以替代
302、在教室里学习的选择。让学习者按照自己的节奏，在日常生活之余随时随地学习外语。但手机应用程序是学习的最佳工具吗?本文讨论用智能手机学习的利弊，以及它是否预示着传统课堂教学模式将从此一去不返。可以判断短文的最佳标题为“智能手机学习还是传统课堂学习”故选C。（8）北京市大兴区2020-2021学年第二学期高一下期末英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AHow cool can libraries be in an era (时代) of iPods and Kindles? More than you think. Only if you
303、 know where to go.Central Library: Seattle, Washington, United StatesThe Central Library in Seattle is modem and fashionable and has tourists from around the world paying visits and taking tours. It was designed by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas and American designer Joshua Ramus. Tours began in 2006,
304、 two years after its opening. The library holds various art exhibitions, book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by the Chocolate cart for a coffee and scan through the gift shop anytime.Trinity College Library: Dublin, IrelandThe Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest libra
305、ry in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I. It is the largest single library in the world, also known as the Long Room， which contains more than 200,000 of the librarys oldest books. The Long Room houses one of the oldest harps (竖琴) in Ireland. Dating back to the 15th century, the old harp
306、is the model for the symbol of Ireland.Geisel Library, University of California: San Diego, United StatesAt first glance, it looks like a spaceship. Architect William Pereira, who helped design actual space launch facilities at Cape Canaveral in Houston, Texas , designed the library in 1970. It has
307、been featured in sci-fi films，short stories and novels. The library hosts “Dinner in the Library”, which invites readers for cocktails, and also a special speech from distinguished authors.TU Delft Library: Delft, NetherlandsThe library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997 a
308、nd has more than 862, 000 books，16, 000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum. The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you cant really see the actual library. What makes it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill. The roof covers 5,500 square meters. And it has become one of th
309、e most striking and greenest structures in the area.31Which of the four libraries has the longest history?ACentral Library.BTrinity College Library.CGeisel Library.DTU Delft Library.32Which library is under the ground?ACentral Library.BTrinity College Library.CGeisel Library.DTU Delft Library.33What
310、 makes Geisel Library different from the others is that .Afamous writers often deliver speeches thereBit has a roof of grassy hillCQueen Elizabeth I founded the libraryDit is the largest single library in the world34In Central Library, you can .Abuy souvenirsBdrink cocktailsCenjoy sci-fi filmsDsee t
311、he old harp【答案】31B32D33A34A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章向读者推荐了在拥有iPod和Kindle的时代，几家很酷的图书馆。31细节理解题。由第三段中的The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I.(都柏林的三一学院图书馆是爱尔兰历史最悠久的图书馆，由伊丽莎白女王一世于1592年创建)可知，Trinity College Library是四个图书馆中历史最悠久的图书馆。故选B项。32细节理解题
312、。由最后一段中的The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you cant really see the actual library.(建筑本身就在地下，所以你看不到真正的图书馆)可知，TU Delft Library在地下。故选D项。33细节理解题。比较四个图书馆的特点和倒数第二段中的The library hosts “Dinner in the Library”, which invites readers for cocktails, and also a special speech from distinguished a
313、uthors.(图书馆举办“图书馆晚餐”活动，邀请读者喝鸡尾酒，并由著名作家发表特别演讲)可知，Geisel Library与其它图书馆最大的区别就是著名作家经常在那里发表演讲。故选A项。34细节理解题。由第二段中的The library holds various art exhibitions, book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by the Chocolate cart for a coffee and scan through the gift shop anytime.(图书馆举办各种艺术展览、图书签售和其
314、他活动，游客可以在巧克力车旁停下来喝杯咖啡，随时浏览礼品店)可知，在Central Library，你可以买到纪念品。故选A项。BAs traditional Chinese art，paper cutting has a long history. The first and earliest paper cutting was found in China 1 ,500 years ago. But this traditional art is at risk of disappearing now.Luckily, Vivian Woo, a Chinese immigrant in
315、America, is trying to bring this art back to life. One Saturday in 2017, Ms. Woo held a paper cutting show at a shopping center near Washington. She got much fun and peace doing it. She hoped more people would enjoy it. Ms. Woo began to study the art of paper cutting as a 14-year-old girl in her hom
316、etown in China. She said all the students at school had to learn paper cutting. But she had a deep love for it. So her teacher spentmore time teaching her after class. Later, she won the second prize in a national painting and art competition. Ms. Woo went to America after she finished college in 20
317、08. Soon after that, she took part in an activity to promote Chinese paper cutting. And then she was invited to show the art in many important activities. “It is important to promote this art to Americans or anyone who is interested in it. Maybe it will make this art more popular. ”Woo said.From the
318、 art of paper cutting， people can know about Chinese cultural values, history and stories of people s life. Ms. Woo uses the art as a tool to show Chinese culture to people who know little about it.Chinese art is not only for Chinese, but also for people all over the word.35What did Ms. Woo do in 20
319、17?AShe won the second prize in a national painting and art competition.BShe was invited to many activities to show paper cutting.CShe held a paper cutting show at a shopping center near Washington.DShe took part in an activity to promote Chinese paper cutting.36Ms. Woo began to study the art of pap
320、er cutting_.Awhen she was fourteenBafter she got to AmericaCwhen she was in collegeDafter she finished college37In the passage, the writer thinks the art of paper cutting is _now.Avery popular in AmericaBvery popular in ChinaCfor people who know about itDin danger of disappearing【答案】35C36A37D【解析】【分析
321、】本文是记叙文。剪纸艺术在中国有着悠久的历史，而现在却面临着消失的危险。在美国的中国移民Vivian Woo通过展示这种艺术，让世界了解中国传统文化的价值和历史。35细节理解题。根据第二段中“One Saturday in 2017, Vivian Woo held a paper cutting show at a shopping center near Washington. ”可知，2017年，Vivian Woo在华盛顿附近的一个购物中心举办了一场剪纸秀。故选C项。36细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ms. Woo began to study the art of paper cutti
322、ng as a 14-year-old girl in her hometown in China.”可知，Vivian Woo是14岁时在中国的家乡开始学习剪纸艺术。故选A项。37细节理解题。根据第一段中“But this traditional art is at risk of disappearing now.”可知，作者认为剪纸艺术正面临消失的危险。故选D项。CGerman artist HA Schult is an unusual artist who uses trash (废物)to make sculptures.“We are living in the time of
323、garbage，” says Schult.“I created a thousand sculptures of garbage.They are a mirror of ourselves.” Here，Schult was talking about his 1,000 trash sculptures in the form of humans.He first exhibited them in 1996 in the western German state of North RhineWestphalia.“They are social sculptures，” he expl
324、ains.“They are not only sculptures for the eyes.They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.” So far，Schults social sculptures have been on show in Paris，in Moscows Red Square，on the Great Wall of China，and in the desert next to the Pyramids of Giza near Cairo.HA Schults
325、 work is unforgettable.Although his work has had a big influence on the art world，Schult remains modest about his creations：“Artists have to learn every time.We are not important.All that counts is the time in which we are living.”Trash art has been around for years.But it seems that only the popula
326、r artists are regarded as true artists when working with trash.Why cant common people be considered artists when they use the same things and change them into some form of personal art？Maybe its because we all have our own preset ideas of what art is and isnt，or whom artists are or should be.You can
327、 be an artist like Schult if you try.Look at used metal cans.What might be done with them？Imagine them in any number of new uses，or imagine them simply as an art form.What about boxes or clothing? Boxes can usually serve as new storage containers and houses for pets.And clothing？Imagine taking old c
328、lothes and turning them into hats or hanging organizers.38What do we know about Schults sculptures?AThey served as garbage containers.BThey reflected environmental issues.CThey were first shown in Paris，France.DThey were to raise economic awareness.39HA Schults artistic works also get the message ac
329、ross that an artist must _.Abe socially responsibleBbe as modest as possibleCmake garbage recyclableDtake diverse artistic forms40According to the last 2 paragraphs，the author probably agrees that _.Ait takes talent to be a trash artistBpreset ideas are important to artistsCtrash art cant be seen as
330、 a real art formDaverage people can also make trash artists41Which of the following is the best title for the text?ACould You Be a Trash Artist?BWhat Are Social Sculptures?CDo You Know about Trash Art?DHow Can We Deal with Used Cans?【答案】38B39A40D41A【解析】【分析】文章通过举用垃圾雕塑来反映环保问题的艺术家Schult的例子，号召每个普通人要关注环保
331、问题，创造环保作品，成为环保艺术家。38B推理判断题。根据第一段“We are living in the time of garbage,” says Schult. “I created a thousand sculptures of garbage. They are a mirror of ourselve.”可知，Schult的雕塑使用的是垃圾，这反映了我们这个时代是垃圾时代，环境问题应该引起重视。故选B。39A推理判断题。根据第三段“They are social sculptures,” he explains. “They are not only sculptures fo
332、r the eyes. They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.”可知，真正的艺术家要有社会责任感，通过艺术来反映社会问题，引起人们的重视。故选A。40D推理判断题。根据最后两段中Maybe its because we all have our own preset ideas of what art is and isnt, or who artists are or should be.和You can be an artist like Schult if you try.可知，普
333、通人也可以成为艺术家，只不过他们对艺术的看法和艺术家不同。故选D。41A主旨大意题。文章通过举用垃圾做成雕塑来反映环保问题的艺术家Schult的例子，号召每个普通人要注重环保，创造环保作品，成为环保艺术家。A项Could You Be a Trash Artist?既概括了文章内容又能吸引读者，适合作为文章标题。故选A。【名师点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。本文主要考查文章的观点或结论。小
334、题1考查我们从Schult的作品中知道什么，根据第一段“We are living in the time of garbage,” says Schult. “I created a thousand sculptures of garbage. They are a mirror of ourselve.”可知，Schult的雕塑使用的是垃圾，这反映了我们这个时代是垃圾时代，环境问题应该引起重视。小题2考查Schult的作品表达的艺术家需要具备的品质，根据第三段“They are social sculptures,” he explains. “They are not only scu
335、lptures for the eyes. They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.”可知，真正的艺术家要有社会责任感，通过艺术来反映社会问题，像Schult一样运用垃圾来创作雕塑，引起人们对垃圾的重视。小题3考查作者在最后两段中表达的观点，根据最后两段中Maybe its because we all have our own preset ideas of what art is and isnt, or who artists are or should be.和You can be
336、 an artist like Schult if you try.可知，普通人也可以成为艺术家，只不过他们对艺术的看法和艺术家不同。DAs summer turns to fall and parents are buying children their new backpacks, it is time to think of how our schools work and whether they are inspiring true learning. The schools of today are largely those of our great-grandparents.
337、 While white boards may have replaced blackboards and DVDs are used instead of projectors, schoolroom atmosphere is remarkably unchanged. Teachers deliver inert (无活力的) information to eager and empty minds who will soon lose what Ellen Galinsky described as the “fire in their eyes”.Our view of leanin
338、g is trapped in the learning illusion (错误观念) that content is all that matters. Of course, content is important. Who would not want to have the multiplication tables memorized? But content is constantly changing. Pluto? No longer a planet. If memorization of content is everything, childrens knowledge
339、 will be out of date. Classrooms at all levels need to emphasize “the six Cs”: content, collaboration, communication, confidence (risk-taking), critical thinking and creative innovation (创新).Our approach to the economic threats we see on our borders is to push for 19th century memorization in a 21st
340、 century world. Yet the facts will be as close at the Google generations fingertips. We need to teach our children how to learn, and how Sally and Pedro can together figure out how to use technology to understand why some trees never lose their leaves while others do. We need John and Qonick to argu
341、e about the best way to solve that math problem, rather than just listen to what the teacher tells them. Todays schools should be active places where kids are actually thinking together about problem-solving.None of this is to say that children cannot learn in school. They can. But children are ofte
342、n expected to sit still, listen and repeat disembodied content. The “keys to the kingdom” of the 21st century will go to those who love to learn and can transform their knowledge in innovative ways.42The underlined part “fire in their eyes” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_”.Adesire for knowledgeBdet
343、ermination to succeedCanger shown to the teachersDpatience for the exam results43Why does the author mention “Pluto” in the second paragraph?ATo explain the meaning of the planet.BTo emphasize the school education.CTo show knowledge is changeable.DTo advise children to work hard.44Who does the Googl
344、e generation refer to?AScientists in the 19th century.BThe students in the 21st century.CFamous people in the 20th century.DExperienced teachers in the world.45It can be concluded from the text that _.Astudents should sit still in the classroomBit is better for children to learn at homeCcreative lea
345、rning is very important nowDwhite boards cant be used at school【答案】42A43C44B45C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者论述了在学校教育中，记住知识固然重要，但是合作学习并创造性地运用知识是新时期学生应该具备的能力。42词句猜测题。根据划线词组所在句Teachers deliver inert (无活力的) information to eager and empty minds who will soon lose可知，教师们向那些渴望学习、头脑空虚的人传递着毫无生气的信息，这些人很快就会失去艾伦加林斯基所说的“他们
346、眼中的火焰”。由此推知，划线部分“他们眼中的火焰”指的是孩子们的“求知欲望”。故选A。43推理判断题。根据第二段中的But content is constantly changing. Pluto? No longer a planet.可知，但内容是不断变化的。冥王星？不再是一个星球。由此可知，提到冥王星的目的是为了说明知识是多变的。故选C。44推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Yet the facts will be as close at the Google generations fingertips. We need to teach our children how to lea
347、rn, and how Sally and Pedro can together figure out how to use technology to understand why some trees never lose their leaves while others do.可知，然而，事实将同样接近谷歌一代的指尖。我们需要教我们的孩子们如何学习，以及莎莉和佩德罗如何一起找出如何使用技术来理解为什么有些树从不落叶而有些却会。由此推知，Google generation指的是二十一世纪的学生。故选B。45推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The “keys to the kingdom” o
348、f the 21st century will go to those who love to learn and can transform their knowledge in innovative ways.可知，21世纪的“王国的钥匙”将属于那些热爱学习并能以创新的方式转化知识的人。由此推知，在二十一世纪创造性学习很重要。故选C。（9）河北省沧州市第一中学2020-2021学年高一6月月考英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AField trip guideWhere: Deer Flat National Wildlife
349、 RefugeContact: Susan Kain 208-467-9278Suitability: Adults, TeensLooking for volunteers (18 or older)to help at a station for our Discover Wildlife Journeys field trip for 4th-6th graders! No teaching experience necessary. All training provided.The field trips are Tuesdays through Thursdays 9:30 am-
350、2:30 pm September and October.Sales clerkWhere: Hiram M. Chittenden LocksContact: Volunteer Clearinghouse 800-865-8337Suitability: Adults A volunteer job with Discover Your Northwest is open for part-time work year round. Volunteers will help customers and provide cashier (出纳员)duties in a small book
351、store in the Class A visitor center at the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks.RV volunteerWhere: Natchez National Historical ParkContact: Melissa Tynes 601-446-5790Suitability: Adults, Groups, FamilyThere are many chances at Natchez National Historical Park, including Visitor Center Assistant, Gardener, Tour
352、 Guide, etc. Two RV sites have just been added! We require at least 32 hours of service a week, per site, and at least 3 months of volunteer service. Volunteers should have the ability to communicate with visitors of different age groups and cultures.Visitor Center hostWhere: Kingsley PlantationCont
353、act: Emily Palmer 904-251-3537Suitability: AdultsVolunteers provide services to park visitors on a daily basis. Primary duties include greeting visitors in the Visitor Center, answering questions about the park, making sales, answering phone calls, etc.Skills needed: Good communication skills and an
354、 interest in natural and cultural history.1What is a requirement for volunteering as field trip guides?ATeaching experience is a must.BVolunteers must work every day.C3 months of volunteer service is required.DVolunteers must be at least 18 years old.2Which number should you call if you want to volu
355、nteer in a bookstore?A208-467-9278.B601-446-5790.C800-865-8337.D904-251-3537.3Which of the following is suitable for family volunteers?AField trip guide.BSales clerk.CRV volunteer.DVisitor Center host.【答案】1D2C3C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章给出了四份不同的志愿者工作的招聘广告。1细节理解题。根据第一部分中“Looking for volunteers (18 or older)t
356、o help at a station for our Discover Wildlife Journeys field trip for 4th-6th graders!”可知，对于实地考察向导这份工作，要求志愿者年龄在18岁以上。故选D项。2细节理解题。根据第二部分中“Volunteers will help customers and provide cashier (出纳员)duties in a small bookstore in the Class A visitor center at the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks.”可知，售货员这份工作就是在一个
357、小书店里的，其联系电话为800-865-8337。故选C项。3细节理解题。根据第三部分中“Suitability: Adults, Groups, Family”可知，RV志愿者这份工作适合由集体或家庭来担任。故选C项。BAlice Walker makes her living by writing. And her poems, short stories, and novels have won many prizes for her. She was born in Eatonton, Georgia; she went to public schools there, and the
358、n to Spelman College in Atlanta before coming to New York to attend Sarah Lawrence College, from which she graduated in 1965. For a time she lived in Jackson, Mississippi, with her lawyer husband and small daughter.About Langston Hughes, an American Poet, in her first book for children, she says, “A
359、fter my first meeting with Langston Hughes, I promised I would write a book for children someday. Why? Because, at twenty-two, I knew next to nothing of his work but he didnt scold me. He just gave me a pile of his books. And he was kind to me. I will always be thankful that in his warmth he fulfill
360、ed my deepest dream (and need) of what a poet should be.”“To me he is not dead at all. Hardly a day goes by when I dont think of him or speak of him. Once, just before he died, when he was sick with the flu, I took him a full basket of oranges. The joy I felt in giving that simple gift is undiminish
361、ed by time. He said he liked oranges, too.”4In the passage, Alice Walker is _.Aa researcher at Sarah Lawrence CollegeBa professor at Sarah Lawrence CollegeCa writer of plays for childrenDa prize-winning writer5From the passage we can conclude that Alice Walker was twenty-two years old when _.Ashe mo
362、ved to Jackson, MississippiBshe moved to New YorkCshe first met with Langston HughesDLangston Hughes died6What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2?Aspeak to someone happilyBspeak to someone angrilyCspeak to someone proudlyDspeak to someone eagerly.7What is the main topic of the pass
363、age? _AAlice Walker and her thoughts on Langston Hughes.BThe childhood of Alice Walker and Langston Hughes.CLangston Hughes, American poet.DLangston Hughes books about Alice Walker.【答案】4D5C6B7A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章从介绍一位美国诗人Alice Walker的生平开始，然后引出了另一位诗人Langston Hughes并描述了他对于Alice的影响，而今斯人已逝，Alice表达了她对于Lan
364、gston的追思。4细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Alice Walker makes her living by writing. And her poems, short stories, and novels have won many prizes for her.”可知，Alice是一位作家，其作品获得了很多奖项，与D选项描述相符。故选D项。5推理判断题。根据第二段中引述Alice的话“After my first meeting with Langston Hughes, I promised I would write a book for children someday.
365、 Why? Because, at twenty-two, I knew next to nothing of his work but he didnt scold me.”可知，这里的first meeting with Langston Hughes与at twenty-two所指的时间是一致的。故选C项。6词义猜测题。根据第二段中划线词所在句“Because, at twenty-two, I knew next to nothing of his work but he didnt scold me. He just gave me a pile of his books. And
366、he was kind to me.”可知，在Alice对Langston的作品几乎一无所知的情况下，他并没有出现某种情绪，相反还赠予Alice几本书，并且对她很和蔼、宽容，也就是要表达Langston并没有生气、斥责她。故选B项。7主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“To me he is not dead at all. Hardly a day goes by when I dont think of him or speak of him.”并结合全文内容可知，文章从介绍Alice Walker的生平开始，在第二段引出了另一位诗人Langston Hughes并描述了两人第一次见面及其对于
367、Alice的影响，第三段则站在Alice的角度表达了她对于已经去世的Langston的追思，主题就是Alice Walker和她对Langston Hughes的一些想法和追思，A选项最符合主题。故选A项。CThe strangeness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.First consider something as simple as sleep. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often givin
368、g a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny dancer. “Im an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be covered up.”On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars (把手
369、). It also has no seat. With no gravity, its just as easy to ride violently. You can watch a movie while you ride by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But people in the station have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help air to move, the carbon dioxide y
370、ou breathe in may form a cloud around you head. You can end up with a carbon- dioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat, “Your inner ear thinks youre falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you y
371、oure standing straight. That can be annoyingthats why some people feel sick.” Within a couple daystruly terrible days for some peopleastronauts brains learn to ignore the signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time dangerous. For i
372、nstance, astronauts lose bone mass. Thats why exercise is considered so important that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is not only about science and the future. They should make sure that any astronaut can return home, and, m
373、ore importantly, the astronauts keep strong and fit for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.8What is the major difficulty to astronauts when they sleep in space?AChoosing a comfortable sleeping bag.BDeciding on a proper sleep position.CSeeking a way to fa
374、ll asleep quickly.DFinding a right time to go to sleep.9The astronauts will suffer from a carbon dioxide headache when _.Athey circle around on their bikes.Bthey watch a movie while pedaling.Cthey use microcomputers without a stop.Dthey exercise in one place for a long time.10One of the NASAs major
375、concerns about astronauts is _.Ahow much exercise they do on the stationBwhether they can recover after returning homeChow they can remain healthy for long in spaceDwhether they are able to go back to the station11What does the author think of about life in space?AStrangeBFunnyCViolentDUnhealthy【答案】
376、8B9D10C11A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文通过举例说明了太空生活的奇妙，在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势；宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛，宇航员的大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心最后告诉我们美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心是宇航员回家后的修养期和任何在太空长久地保持健康。8细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“Its position shows its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag.(它
377、的姿势展示出它自己的挑战。主要的问题是你是想把胳膊放在睡袋里面还是外面)”可知，对宇航员来说在太空睡觉主要的困难是找到恰当的睡姿。故选B项。9细节理解题。根据第三段中“But people in the station have to be careful about staying in one place too long. You can end up with a carbon- dioxide headache.(但是在空间站的人要小心在一个地方待太长时间你最后可能会出现碳毒性头痛)”可知，当宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选D项。10细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“The
378、y should make sure that any astronaut can return home, and, more importantly, the astronauts keep strong and fit for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.(他们应该确保任何一个宇航员可以返回地球，并且更重要的是保证宇航员在接下来往返火星需要的两年半或者更长时间里保持强壮和健康)”可知，美国国家宇航局对宇航员的主要担心是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选C项。1
379、1推理判断题。根据文章第一句“The strangeness of life in space never quite goes away.(太空生活的陌生感从没有消失)”及第三段第一句“On the station, the ordinary becomes strange.(在空间站，平常事都变得陌生)”由此判断出，作者认为在太空的生活是陌生的。故选A项。DHuman beings can use language to communicate, but what about animals? How do they communicate with each other without
380、using language? Well, different animals use different types of communication.Sounds are one of the most common types of communication in animals. Bats usually follow sound waves to communicate. Birds communicate through their chirping(唧唧叫).Mammals generally use sounds to give calls to other members
381、of their community and whales are good at using sound waves.Besides sounds, facial expressions are also used by animals. For example, when dogs are angry, they show their teeth barking and raise their ears. When theyre frightened, they pull their ears behind with the mouth open. For another example,
382、 when the parent bird brings food for the baby bird, the “begging expression” can be observed on its face.Next, gestures and body movements are also common in animals. For example, honey bees dance to communicate. A deer waves its tail to warn others of some danger coming closer. A gorilla sticks it
383、s tongue out to express anger.Many animals communicate through smells. They give off pheromones (信息素)to express messages to other animals. Wolves, deer and insects generally use this type of communication. Even amoebas (变形虫)need to communicate and do it by giving out chemicals. The animals use this
384、type of communication to attract others for giving birth to baby animals.Besides the above means of communication, some animals communicate by touching each other. For example, monkeys express feelings by touching each others hands, and they even give hugs and kisses to express love.12When a dog sho
385、ws its teeth barking and raises itsears, it must be _.Aexpressing its fearBexpressing its angerCbegging its owner for somethingDwarning its owner of some danger13Smells are used by animals mainly to _.Aproduce their youngBdrive their enemies awayCshow their different feelingsDask for some food14We c
386、an learn from the passage that _.Aa deer will waves its tail once it senses dangerBmost animals use their smells to attract othersCbats are better at using sound waves than whalesDa gorilla sticks its tongue out when its frightened15What is the main idea of the passage?ASounds are the most common ty
387、pe of communication in animals.BHuman beings can use language to communicate, but animals cant.CAnimals can communicate with each other without using language.DAnimals communicate with each other in different ways, such as sound, smell etc.【答案】12B13A14A15D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。动物不用语言怎样彼此交流？不同的动物有不同的交流方式。1
388、2细节理解题。由第三段第二句中“when dogs are angry, they show their teeth barking and raise their ears.”可知，当狗生气时，它们竖起耳朵、露出牙齿吠叫，故选A13细节理解题。由第五段第一句“Many animals communicate through smells”和最后一句“The animals use this type of communication to attract others for giving birth to baby animals.”可知，许多动物通过气味交流。这些动物用这种交流方式吸引其
389、他动物以便产仔。故选A。14细节理解题。由第四段“A deer waves its tail to warn others of some danger coming closer”可知，鹿摇尾巴警告其它的鹿某种危险在靠近，即当鹿感觉到有危险时就会摇尾巴。故选A。15主旨大意题。第一段的最后一句“different animals use different types of communication.”是全文的中心句：不同的动物用不同的方式进行交流。后面每段介绍一种动物间的交流方式，包括声音、身体语言、气味等。所以短文的主旨是“动物之间用不同的方式交流，如声音、气味等。”故选D。【点睛】在
390、做说明文体裁的阅读理解时，注意把握说明文的文体特点：以说明为主要表达方式，中心突出，语言确切。例如这篇文章，第一段最后一句话明确说明了文章的中心，后面几段围绕中心进行了具体分类阐述，列举了几类不同的动物交流方式。故解答第四题关于文章的main idea时，综合主题句和各段的要点就可以得出正确答案为：Animals communicate with each other in different ways, such as sound, smell etc，D选项。（10）湖北省孝感市汉川市第一高级中学2020-2021学年高一期末考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D
391、）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AIm now living in the south of France with my husband Keith and three small children, and I feel like a fish out of water everywhere but one place-the Saturday street market.Its been operating in our small town of Sommieres since the 13th century,but weve only lived here for three
392、 months.From Monday to Friday,life is all about the kids.Im busy helping my children deal with life in a French school.Its not easy,and their stress is the whole familys stress,as Keith and I are occupied with the daily school runs,piles of homework and school notes in French.But on Saturday,the mar
393、ket is for me.I feel so peaceful as I walk along the quiet street toward the busy town square.The knife-sharpening man is there, operating a machine that looks like it dates from the Industrial Revolution.There re street musicians with guitars and microphones,and the sound of beautiful songs fills t
394、he air.And the food,of course,is delicious.The cheese man doesnt speak-he just points and cuts,offering a piece from his knife.Lines come out of the door for fresh bread at the bakery.Organic vegetables,herbs and desserts are a feast for the eyes,before being put into the bag to be enjoyed later for
395、 lunch.The noises and smells of the market are unfamiliar and thrilling,but their procedures are clear to me.This is part of why I love the place so much:Unlike during the week,when Im constantly faced with my own difficulties,I know how this place works.My terrible French isnt the barrier to commun
396、ication that it is in other circumstances.At school and in the village,I cant joke or join a conversation,and although the other parents at the school are kind,Im an outsider.But at the market,Im just another customer with a basket.Surrounded by day trippers,I feel like a local- greeting people I kn
397、ow and petting dogs.My Saturday experiences allow me to hope that in the near future Ill feel equally confident in my everyday life.Until then,Saturdays prepare me for the coming week of school runs.1What does the author mean by saying “I feel like a fish out of water”?AShe feels uncomfortable in ne
398、w surroundings.BShe feels free out of her daily housework.CShe feels lonely without her children.DShe feels unable to make a living in another country.2What can be learned about the authors life during weekdays?AShe learns French together with her children.BShe devotes herself to her children in a F
399、rench school.CShe runs to school every day to help her children.DShe tries to balance her job and the housework.3Why does the author like going to the Saturday market?AShe wants to get away from her familys stress.BShe can talk with other customers freely there.CShe feels relaxed and comfortable the
400、re.DShe tries to gain confidence in the busy atmosphere.【答案】1A2B3C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为了逃离生活琐事，在周六集市寻求平静和生活希望的故事。1词句猜测题。文章第一段提到I feel like a fish out of water everywhere but one place the Saturday street market.(除了周六集市，我在其他地方都感觉自己是a fish out of water) ，再根据文章二三段内容可知，作者很喜欢周六集市，觉得在那里自己感觉很放松。也就说明作者在
401、其他地方都感觉不自在。结合作者开头就提到自己的住所，所以I feel like a fish out of water应该是指“自己在新的住所很不舒服，格格不入”。故选A。2细节理解题。根据From Monday to Friday, life is all about the kids. Im busy helping my children deal with life in a French school.(从周一到周五，生活都是关于孩子的。我正忙着帮助孩子们应付在法国学校的生活 )可知，作者在工作日全身心地投入到她在法国学校的孩子们身上。故选B。3推理判断题。根据第三段中的But on
402、 Saturday, the market is for me. I feel so peaceful as I walk along the quiet street toward the busy town square.(但在周六，市场是为我准备的。当我沿着安静的街道走向繁华的城市广场时，我感到如此平静)及This is part of why I love the place so much: Unlike during the week, when Im constantly faced with my own difficulties, I know how this place
403、works. My terrible French isnt the barrier to communication that it is in other circumstances.(这是我如此热爱这个地方的部分原因：不像在工作日，我总是要面对自己的困难，我知道这个地方是如何运作的。我糟糕的法语并不像在其他情况下那样成为交流的障碍)由此可推知，作者喜欢去星期六的市场，是因为在那里能感到放松和舒适。故选C。【点睛】一般来说，解答细节理解题时都可采用“寻读法”。也就是说，考生不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索，快速地捕捉和理解事实
404、或细节，恰当地运用略读、查读等技巧，在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。如第2小题，What can be learned about the authors life during weekdays? 关于作者在工作日的生活，我们可以了解到什么。根据From Monday to Friday, life is all about the kids. Im busy helping my children deal with life in a French school.(从周一到周五，生活都是关于孩子的。我正忙着帮助孩子们应付在法国学校的生活)可知，作者在工
405、作日全身心地投入到她在法国学校的孩子们身上。故选B。BHowever exciting space travel sounds, astronauts must still suffer with bad food. Now, food in space has to be dehydrated ( 使 脱 水 ) or pre-cooked and stored. This means astronauts arent really eating fresh food.New technology may change this. Scientific American reports th
406、at a specially-designed oven will be sent into space this autumn with NASAs NG-12 cargo (货物) mission (太空飞行任务).Far from the common vacuum-packed (真空包装的) meals, astronauts may get to enjoy freshly baked cookies before the end of 2019.Why arent they baking cookies in space already? For one thing, there
407、s the risk of a fire. Engineers also have to overcome the challenge of microgravity ( 微 重 力 ), which prevents heat from circling inside ovens the same way it does on Earth.Astronauts will still have to wait a while before they can have their cookies, though. After baking, the results will be sent ba
408、ck to Earth for safety testing. If successful, this will be the first oven to bake food in space.“I believe . that will be game-changing for both science and astronauts,” food technology researcher Maeena Naman Shafiee told Scientific American.One of the main driving forces behind this project has b
409、een NASAs 2018 research into the effects of “confinement (封闭) and isolation (隔离)”. Unlike on the International Space Station (ISS), astronauts traveling out of Earths orbit (轨道) may not be able to speak to their loved ones on future missions, which could lead to negative feelings.Its hoped that the
410、chance to bake and sense familiar smells can bring joy to crews (宇航人员).“Is the ISS going to smell like fresh-baked cookies? We dont know,” said NanoRacks communications manager Abby Dickes. “But thats a feeling we all know and love . that will make someone feel at home.”Baking cookies in space would
411、 mark an important step, offering a small comfort in the difficult and unfamiliar environment of space travel. Astronauts have already grown plants aboard the ISS.With commercial ( 商 业 的 ) space travel now being planned, who knows what other developments may surprise us in the future?4What can the n
412、ew technology help astronauts to do in space?AEnjoy fresh cookies.BStore more food.CQuickly prepare food.DCook many different kinds of home-made meals.5Why is it difficult to bake cookies in space?AIts difficult and costly to send food into space.BMicrogravity stops food from staying in one place.CB
413、aking cookies in space would pollute the spaceships.DIt is hard to heat food properly because of microgravity.6What was the main purpose of the cookie project?ATo improve astronauts health.BTo make improvements in space travel.CTo encourage more people to travel to space.DTo make space travel more c
414、omfortable for astronauts.【答案】4A5D6D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一种特别设计的烤箱有可能让宇航员可以在太空烤饼干，吃上新鲜的食物，从而使太空旅行更舒适。4细节理解题。根据第三段“Far from the common vacuum-packed (真空包装的) meals, astronauts may get to enjoy freshly baked cookies before the end of 2019.(远不是普通的真空包装的饭，宇航员可能在2019年结束前能享用新鲜烤制的饼干)”可知，新技术可以帮助宇航员吃到新鲜的饼干。故选A项。5细节
415、理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Engineers also have to overcome the challenge of microgravity (微重力), which prevents heat from circling inside ovens the same way it does on Earth.(工程师必须克服微重力，它使热量不能像在地球上一样在烤箱内环绕)”可知，在太空烤饼干困难的原因是，由于微重力很难适当地加热食物。故选D项。6推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“Its hoped that the chance to bake and sense familiar sme
416、lls can bring joy to crews.(希望烤饼干的机会和熟悉味道的感觉可以给宇航员带来快乐)”及倒数第二段中“Baking cookies in space would mark an important step, offering a small comfort in the difficult and unfamiliar environment of space travel.(在太空烤饼干将是重要的一步，在太空旅行的困难和不熟悉环境方面给宇航员提供一些小小的安慰)”可知，饼干项目的主要目的是使太空旅行对宇航员来说更舒适。故选D项。CCan a fish be dep
417、ressed? This question has been floating around my head ever since I saw a sad-looking Siamese fighting fish in a hotel. His name was Bruce Lee, according to a sign beneath his little bowl.On the bottom of the little bowl was Bruce Lee, totally still, his lower fin( 鳍 ) somewhat injured. When he did
418、finally move, just slightly, I got the sense that he would prefer to be dead.The pleasant woman at the front desk convinced me that he was well taken care of. Was I simply incorrectly supposing his lethargy was a sign of mental suffering?Later on, I sought answers from scientists. It turns out that
419、not only can our gilled( 有 鳃 的 ) friends become depressed, but some scientists consider fish to be a promising animal model for developing anti-depressants. New research has been completely changing the way scientists think about fish, building a case that pet and owner are not nearly as different a
420、s many suppose.Dr. Pittman likes working with fish, in part, because they are so obvious about their depression. He can reliably test the effectiveness of anti-depressants with something called the “novel tank test.” A zebra fish gets dropped in a new tank. If after five minutes it is hanging out in
421、 the lower half, its depressed. If its swimming up top its usual behaviour when exploring a new environment then its not. The seriousness of the depression, he says, can be measured by quantity of time at the top vs. the bottom, all of which seemed to confirm my guess about Bruce Lee.“One of the thi
422、ngs were finding that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out,” said Dr. Braithwaite.In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help prevent them from depression, she suggests introducing new objects to the tank( 缸 ) or changing the location of items.Dr. Brown agrees, pointing
423、to an experiment he conducted, which showed that if you leave a fish in an enriched, physically complex environment meaning a lot of plants to bite at and cages to swim through it decreases stress and increases brain growth.The last time a guest posted Bruce Lee to Instagram he was looking good and
424、lively. Perhaps that new green leaf in his bowl had provided the enrichment he desired.7What does the underlined word “lethargy” in Paragraph 3 mean?AsufferingBsorrowCanxietyDlaziness8What can be known from the new research?AFish can be used to develop anti-depressants.BThe way scientists thought ab
425、out the fish proves totally right.CPets and owners sometimes have the same feeling.DMany people suppose pets are quite different from people.9Why can fish become bored according to the text?AThey are not born to be curious.BThey lack new things to explore.CThey cant locate the positions of items.DTh
426、ey need oxygen from the air.10What is the best title for the text?AFish have their own feelings.BFish can be a boring pet.CFish need better care.DFish depression is not a joke.【答案】7D8C9B10D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者一直很好奇鱼会不会抑郁，并通过调查和专家答疑解决了这个疑问，鱼也会抑郁。7词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“On the bottom of the little bowl w
427、as Bruce Lee, totally still, his lower fin( 鳍 ) somewhat injured. When he did finally move, just slightly, I got the sense that he would prefer to be dead.” 在小碗的底部是Bruce Lee，完全静止，他的下鳍有点受伤。当他最终稍微动了一下时，我感觉他宁愿死。以及文章第三段中“The pleasant woman at the front desk convinced me that he was well taken care of. W
428、as I simply incorrectly supposing his lethargy was a sign of mental suffering?” 前台那位和蔼可亲的女士使我相信他受到了很好的照顾。难道我只是错误地认为他的昏昏欲睡是精神痛苦的表现吗？由此可知，Bruce Lee在碗的底部静止不动是因为身体疼痛，故无精打采。故选D。8推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“New research has been completely changing the way scientists think about fish, building a case that pet and owne
429、r are not nearly as different as many suppose.” 一项新的研究已经完全改变了科学家对鱼的看法，建立了一个案例，即宠物和主人并不像许多人想象的那样不同。由此可推断出，宠物和主人有时也有同样的感觉。故选C。9推理判断题。根据文章第六和第七段中“One of the things were finding that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out,” said Dr. Braithwaite. 布雷斯韦特博士说：“我们发现，鱼天生就有好奇心，会寻找新奇的东西。”In other w
430、ords, your goldfish is probably bored. To help prevent them from depression, she suggests introducing new objects to the tank( 缸 ) or changing the location of items.” 换句话说，你的金鱼可能很无聊。为了帮助他们防止抑郁，她建议在水箱中引入新的物体或改变物品的位置。由此可推出，鱼变得无聊的原因是鱼缸里缺乏可探索的新鲜事物。故选B。10主旨大意题。分析全文以及文章第四段中“New research has been completely changing the way scientists think about fish, building a case that pet and owner are not nearly as different as many suppose.” 一项新的研究已经完全改变了科学家对鱼的看法，建立了一个案例，即宠物和主人并不像许多人想象的那样不同。由此可知，本文主要讲述了鱼有抑郁症并不是一个笑话，鱼和人类有很多共同之处，也会得抑郁症，也会有精神问题。故D项（鱼有抑郁症并不是无稽之谈）作为文章标题较为贴切，符合文意。故选D。
