1、高考资源网（ ），您身边的高考专家难点9 忽视不得的主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上须保持一致。道理虽然简单，但其牵涉到的要点繁多，出现的形式多样，并可以各种题型出现，故不可忽视。难点磁场1.()Each of the students,working hard at his or her lessons_ to go to university.So do I.A.hopeB.hopesC.hopingD.hoped2.()Either you or the headmaster_ the prize for these gifted students at the meet
2、ing.(北京2001二模)A.is handing in B.are to hand outC.are handing in D.is to hand out3.()A library with five thousand books_ to the nation as a gift.A.is offeredB.has offeredC.are offeredD.have offered4.()His family_ a big one.When I came to see him last night,his family_watching TV.A.is;wasB.was;wereC.i
3、s;wereD.are;were5.()The poor_ helped by government programs,_?(2001武汉二模)A.is;isnt it B.is;isnt heC.are;arent they D.are;havent they6.()As a result of destroying the forest,a large_ of desert_ covered the land. (2001上海高考)A.number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have7.()The teacher and writer
4、_ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.isB.wasC.areD.were8.()When and where to build the new factory_ yet.A.is not decided B.are not decidedC.has not decided D.have not decided9.()Many people say 10 000_ a lot of money.A.dollar isB.dollars areC.dollars isD.dollar are10.()The number of people invi
5、ted_ fifty,but a number of them_ absent for different reasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were11.()All that can be done_.A.has been done B.have been doneC.have done D.has done12.()More than one_ injured in the car accident.A.have beenB.has beenC.areD.have13.()Four-fifths of the workers here_
6、 _ workers.A.is womanB.are womanC.are womenD.is women14.()To give_ to receive.A.meansB.meanC.isD.are15.()His “selected poems”_ in 1955.A.were first published B.was first publishedC.have been first published D.had been first published案例探究1.More than_ of the workers_ from Paris.A.ten percents;is B.ten
7、 percent;areC.three times;was D.percents ten;comes命题意图：考查分数、百分数的表示法及此时的主谓一致，本题属四星级题。知识依托：分数或百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语与of后的名词在数上保持一致。错解分析：解该题时易误选A，误把百分之十作为整体处理，而没有考虑到是百分之十多的工人。此时所指为复数概念。解题方法与技巧：与此情况类似的是表示部分和一定数量的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词也应与介词of后的名词保持数的一致。这些词有：e.g.(1)Most of the money has been wasted.(2)Every year,lots o
8、f damage is caused by fire. 例如：(1)Quantities of food are wasted every day.(2)Amounts of money were spent on this project.（这两个词的用法是主谓一致中的难点，同时也是常考点）答案：B2.Not only I but also Mary and Jane _ tired of having one examination after another. (NMET1989)A.isB.areC.amD.be命题意图：考查主谓一致中的就近原则。本题属四星级题。知识依托：由not o
9、nlybut also连接并列主语时，谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致。错解分析：本题易误选C，易误认为I 为主语，而实际上决定谓语单复数的是由Jane and Mary决定，应用就近原则，故排除C，同理排除A。解题方法与技巧：熟记要点：在英语中，主谓一致有三个原则：语法一致的原则，语意一致的原则和就近原则。此题是就近原则，所以答案为B。答案：B3.()Nobody but you_ what he said. (全国重点中学大联考冲刺题)A.agrees withB.agrees outC.agree withD.agree to命题意图：考查词组“同意”和主语为nobody类的不定代词时，谓语单
10、复数的确定，该题属五星级题。知识依托：主语为nobody时谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but,as well as,with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。错题分析：该题易误选C、D，选D的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词to时之后应加具体项目。而选择C就在于误把you做为主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。答案：A4.She is the only one among the_writers who_ stories for children.A.woman;writes B.women;writeC.women;writes D.woman;write命题意图：考查复合名词的单复数及
11、从句中的主谓一致。本题属于五星级题。知识依托：woman writer的复数为women writers，而定语从句中的谓语单复数是由先行词决定的，先行词为the only one。故答案为C。错解分析：本题易误选B，误认为先行词为writers，而实际上由于one被the only修饰，故先行词是the only one，谓语应用单数。解题方法与技巧：本题中我们可以了解，当考查定语从句中的谓语动词形式时，需首先分清楚所修饰的先行词是谁，单数还是复数概念，从而决定从句中谓语的单、复数形式。eg.Mary is one of the students who were late for scho
12、ol.Mary is the only one of the students who was late for school.答案：C锦囊妙计1.主谓一致有个三原则：语法一致，意义一致和就近原则，无论哪一种，重要的是分清一个句子中，哪是主语，主语是单数还是复数，分清题目属于哪种一致的情况，然后确定谓语形式。这里我们简单总结一下主谓一致中常见的原则：(1)and连接两个名词，但表同一事物，谓语用单数。eg.The writer and singer is my best friend.(2)each、 either、 one、 the other及不定代词等作主语时，谓语常用复数。eg.Eve
13、rybody is here.(3)由连词or、eitheror、neithernor、not onlybut also等连接并列主语时及there be句式，There be句式中谓语动词应用就近原则。eg.Neither you nor I am to blame.(4)国名、人名、报纸名、书名等专有名词虽以-s结尾，形式上是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。eg.The United States is a developed country.但以-s结尾的山脉、岛、瀑布等作主语时，谓语一般用复数。eg.The philippines lie to the southeast of China.
14、(5)由each修饰的名词作主语，谓语用单数。eg.Each student has an English-Chinese dictionary.They each have an English-Chinese dictionary.(6)表示时间、距离、钱、重量的名词作主语，若表示整体谓语用单数，但如强调具体数量，谓语则用复数。eg.Five hundred miles is a long distance.Twenty years have passed since he began to work here.(7)表示数量的one and a half后面要用复数名词作主语时，其谓语要
15、用单数形式。(8)定冠词the+形容词/分词表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。(9)表示成双成套的名词，如trousers,shoes,glasses, compasses等用作主语时谓语用复数。eg.His black trousers are too long.2.高考中主谓一致的考查一般不会单独考查，常与时态、语态及句式（如倒装句）等相结合考查，此时如不能准确判断，不妨结合其他要点共同确定正确答案。歼灭难点训练1.Plastics_ many other materials.A.has taken place of B.has taken the place ofC.have taken pl
16、ace of D.have taken the place of2.The glass works_in 1980.A.builtB.was builtC.were builtD.has been built3.Were all three people in the car accident injured in the accident?No,_ only the two passengers who got hurt.A.it wasB.there isC.it wereD.there were4.A cart and horse_ in the distance.A.wereB.see
17、C.are seenD.was seen5.No one but her parents_ it.A.knowB.knowsC.is knowingD.are knowing6.The Olympic Games_ held every four years.A.isB.areC.wasD.were7.()Many a man_ come to help us.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are8.()The rich_ not always happy.A.areB.isC.hasD.have9.()What you said_ quite to the point.A.amB.are
18、C.isD.were10.()Slow and steady_ the race.A.winB.winsC.beatsD.beat11.()A number of sheep_ died of a strange illness.A.haveB.hasC.has beenD.have been12.()Tom said two and three_ five.A.beB.wasC.wereD.is13.()One and a half bananas_ left on the table.A.areB.will beC.beingD.is14.()This kind of books_ popular among the students.A.isB.areC.beingD.have been15.()I hope to buy such a bike as_ by John.A.ridesB.is riddenC.riddenD.are ridden欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。