1、专题26 斤斤计较的数字计算题数字计算题往往涉及多处信息，这就要求学生要处处留心、斤斤计较，方能解答正确。难点磁场AThe Grange15 Lambs MewsLondonSW19 1PF19th JanuaryDear Ms HawthorneI am writing to express my disappointment with the evening my wife and I spent at your restaurant two nights ago.While the food was,as usual,very good,I regret to inform you th
2、at the service from our waiter,Max,was most unsatisfactory.First of all,when we arrived,we discovered our table overlooking the garden had been given away to some other customers.The new table we finally received was by the door and when I complained,Max just laughed.Furthermore,as we were sitting d
3、own,he was extremely familiar with my wife,which deeply made her uncomfortable.When our meal came,he served the food casually and at the end cleared the plates in a most rude fashion.Regarding the payment of service,I noticed your menu which says that the matter of rewarding service is at the willin
4、gness of the guest.In addition,I should point out that on other occasions I have left at least 12 percent.This time,I felt right in leaving nothing.I regret having to write this letter,but as a regular customer I am extremely displeased and did not expect to be treated in this manner.I look forward
5、to hearing from you with a satisfactory reply,or,if you prefer,we could meet in person to resolve this matter.Yours sincerely,Rupert Metcalf1.()Mr Metcalf had dinner in the restaurant on _.A.16th JanuaryB.17th JanuaryC.18th JanuaryD.19th January2.How many complaints does Mr Metcalf have in his lette
6、r?A.One. B.Two.C.Four. D.Six.BHave you ever noticed,when looking at a map of the world ,that the east coast of South America and the west coast of Africa look as though they might fit together?If you have,you are not alone,In 1965 the English scientist Sir Edward Bullard used a computer to test the
7、fit of the two continents and found that at an ocean depth of 2000 metres the match was very close indeed.It seems too remarkable to be possible,but there is a lot of evidence(证据) to suggest that Africa was once joined to South America.For example,there is a belt of ancient rocks along the east coas
8、t of Brazil which is similar to the rocks across the South Atlantic in West Africa.There is further evidence that existing land masses were once linked.The remains of a 400-to-500-million-year-old mountain chain has been found running down the eastern part of Greenland,western Scandinavia,and throug
9、h north-west Scotland and Ireland,into western Canada, eventually finding their way to north-west Africa.Then there is the evidence from life itself.In various parts of the world today the same animals and plants can be found on land masses separated by,in some cases,thousands of miles of oceans.Did
10、 they develop at the same time in two different places?It seems unlikely.Biologists believe that there must have been land bridges which have now sunk beneath the sea.Also fossils(化石) found in sedimentary rocks (fossils are the preserved remains of life forms) have allowed geologists to trace the sa
11、me plants from South America,and Antarctica(北极) in rocks perhaps 300 million years old.The ice that is now confined to(限制) the polar regions（北极或南极地区)has not always been so limited in extent.Indeed,during a period of the Earths history known as the permocarboniferous age(二叠石炭纪) about 250350 million y
12、ears ago there is evidence from the rocks that there were glaciers covering South America,parts of Africa,India,Australia,as well as Antarctica.On the other hand,in the northern hemisphere(北半球),there were deserts.If the continents sparead out as they are today,it is hard to understand how this could
13、 be.So there is considerable evidence to show whole continents moved apart,and naturally many people have tried to discover how and why whole land masses moved.3.()How many proofs does the author give in the passage?A.3. B.6. C.4. D.7.CThe outburst of joy at the success of Chinas national football t
14、eam in reaching the World Cup finals easily matched the scenes of celebration which attended Beijings Olympic bid win.Its little surprise:football fans had waited 44 years for that momentthree times longer than the seemingly endless World Trade Organization negotiations(谈判)！The 53-year-old Serb coac
15、h(教练) Bora Milutinovic is regarded now as nothing less than a saviour by football fans used to years of broken dreams and bitter setbacks.Best known to fans as Milu,he has been believed by many with playing a major role in helping the Chinese team win its tickets to the 2002 World Cup being co-hoste
16、d by South Korea and Japan.Having already guided Mexico,Costa Rica,Nigeria and the United States to the World Cup finals,Bora Milutinovic managed to continue his winning streak in China.He made it clear however last Friday in Shenyang Wulihe Stadium that he preferred not to be seen as a miracle work
17、er.Before guiding the Chinese team to the finals,Milu was one of only two coaches in the world to take four national sides to the final stages.The other one is Carlos Alberto Parreir.Milu however is the only man to take all for teams to the second round of the finals.And now he was gone on better ta
18、king the fifth team to the finals.4.()The negotiation of Chinas entering the WTO has lasted about _ years.A.44.B.15.C.22.D.10案例探究1.JULYMON.TUES.WED.THURS.FRI.SAT.SUN.12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031Ms. Rossi owns the Roadside Motel(汽车游客旅馆)，which has 50 units.She wishes to keep a
19、 handy record of the number of units occupied(住房，占有).To do this she uses a calendar and writes the number of units occupied in a small box in the upper right-hand comer of each date.The following questions are based on the occupancy rate for July.1.The total number of units occupied during the week
20、of July 14 through July 20 was _.A.240 B.239C.244D.2342.The average occupancy rate for Thursday was _.A.27B.31C.29D.283.Ms. Rossi regards a 90% occupancy rate as excellent.On how many days during the month did the Roadside Motel have a 90% or better rate of occupancy?A.5.B.4.C.6.D.1.命题意图:考查学生的观察能力、综
21、合运用多条信息进行数据处理的能力。属五星级题目。错解分析：（1）读图不仔细；（2）对文章和题干中的关键词汇把握不准确。解题方法与技巧：（1）仔细阅读本文的文字说明部分，准确把握图表内容；（2）仔细分析题干，抓牢关键词。（3）根据“She uses a calendar and writes the number of units occupied in a small box in the upper right-hand corner of each date”，可知第1题做法为：将7月14日20日之间的数量相加；第2题做法是：将星期四的总数相加再取平均；根据“Which has 50 un
22、its”，和题干的第一句话，可知第3题的做法为：5090%=45,从表中选取大于或等于45的数目，可推出答案。答案：1.D2.A3.B2.“Lets go down one more,push your enter key”says a volunteer helping senior citizens work a web session on the Internet.David Lansdale has found a way to light up the lives of the elderly.He gets them wired to the Internet.“If you h
23、it your enter key,it will bring up this particular e-mail”Pauline Allen is one of those who has started using the Internet.“I thought I was through with life,I was ready for a rocking chair,because I was 86 years old.And I havent found the rocking chair yet.”“You found the keyboard?”asks the reporte
24、r.“Thats right,I found the keyboard.”The average age of Lansdales students is around 68.All are in nursing or assisted care homes.He used family relationships to introduce them to the World Wide Web.David Lansdale says,“Here they are in California,the family was back in New York,the opportunity to c
25、onnect,to cross the time and space,was incredibly precious opportunity to them.”“I hear you are so beautiful.” Lillian Sher writes an e-mail to a newborn greatgranddaughter.Working with one another,the senior learn as a group.They learn to master the Internet and to overcome what Lansdale calls the
26、maladies of the institutionalized:loneliness,helplessness,boredom,and loss of memory.Mary Harvey says,“Bingo just doesnt interest me.But this does,believe me,this does.”Ninety-four year old Ruth Hyman is a star pupil and instructor.She says,“When I send a letter to my grandchildren,and great grandch
27、ildren,they hang it up in their offices,just like I used to hang their drawings on my refrigerator.Ha,ha.”David Lansdale says,“Theres a collective benefit.There is an element of treatment.Remember we started as a support group.”Dixon Moorehouse says,“I just wish I was 15 years old and getting to lea
28、rn all this.”The senior call their weekly meetings Monday Night Live.And many say the meetings have given them new life.Ruth Hyman says,“Three years ago,they told me I wasnt going to live.But I showed them,and got work,and Ive worked ever since.”4.How many examples does the writer give to prove that
29、 the senior enjoy the Internet?A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.D.Seven.命题意图：考查学生阅读理解和推理判断的能力。属四星级题目。错解分析：此题错答C项的学生很多。错误原因主要在于太过粗心而造成的重复计数。解题方法与技巧：（1）通读全文，理解文章大意，弄清文中众多的人物及其语言。（2）文章主要讲述老年人学习上网的情况，其中David Lansdale是这一活动的举办者，不应算在本题所要求的数目之内，末段的Ruth Hyman前文已经出现，不应重复计数，故文章中所列实例分别是：Pauline Allen、Lillian Sher、Mary Harve
30、y、Ruth Hyman和Dixon Moorehouse共五人。答案：B锦囊妙计1.上下文统筹又兼顾，阅读仔细又周到。2.题干研读需细心，关键词汇要抓牢。3.图表不放过，文字更重要。4.切忌重复计数或丢三落四。歼灭难点训练AChina recorded fewer traffic accidents in 2001 than in 2000 and a lower going continued in January this year.The traffic accidents in 2001 totaled 270 000 fewer by 20 000 than in 2000.But
31、 the number of the dead for 2001 was 54 000, an increase of 1 000 from the year before. The increase was not as slow as that in recent years.A government official said in Beijing yesterday that 3 821 persons were killed in highway traffic accidents last month, a drop of 12.8 percent from January 200
32、1. He also said there were 21 201 traffic accidents in the first month of the year, 10.1 percent fewer than January last year, and 11 700 people injured.The traffic accidents last year caused a loss worth 27.32 million yuan, about 2.9 million US dollars.Economic Daily also said 170 000 persons were
33、injured in the traffic accidents in 2001, fewer by 10 000 than in 2000. (From China Daily, February 16, 2002)1.()In 2000 the total number of the traffic accidents was _.A.20 000B.250 000C.290 000D.310 0002.()In 2000 _ persons were killed in the traffic accidents.A.1 000B.53 000C.54 000D.55 0003.()Wh
34、ich is true according to the news report?A.The traffic accidents in 2002 will go up continuously.B.Economic Daily said the traffic accidents caused a loss worth 2.9 million US dollars in 2000.C.In January 2002, there were 3 821 highway traffic accidents.D.There were more traffic accidents in January
35、 2001 than in January 2002.BMicrowaves that transmit television signals always travel in straight lines. Because the earth is round, it is impossible to send live television over a long distance. For example, if we tried to send television signals directly from Europe to America, the microwaves carr
36、ying the signals would shoot into space over the Atlantic and would never reach America.If we want to send television signals around the surface of the earth, we must send them from point to point by the relay system. On land we can set up relay stations(转播站） for this purpose, and we can pass signal
37、s from station to station in a series of straight lines. However, we cannot do this so easily over water. In order to send pictures directly across the Atlantic, for example, we would need to build a chain of relay stations across the ocean, which is about 3 000 miles wide. One choice would be to bu
38、ild one great tower in the middle of the ocean. But the tower would have to be 500 miles high!Both of these ideas are impossible. So we use the communication satellite thousands of miles in outer space to relay the television signals across the Atlantic. A satellite receives the picture signals in a
39、 straight line from the ground station on one side of the Atlantic, from England, for example. Then it sends signals down again. Also in a straight line, to the ground station on the other side of the Atlantic in the United States. The communication satellite must be within the view of both ground s
40、tations at the same time.4.()According to the passage, if we want to receive the TV programme all over the world freely, how many satellites shall we have at least?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.CA breakthrough in the provision of energy from the sun for the European Union (EU) could be brought forward
41、 by up to two decades,if a modest increase could be provided in the EUs research effort in this field,according to the senior EU scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy at EUs scientific laboratories at Ispra,near Milan.The senior West German scientist in charge of the EUs solar energy pro
42、gramme,Mr. Joachim Gretz,told reporters that at present levels of research spending,it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three per cent of the EUs energy requirements even after the year 2010.But they said that with a modest increase in the present sums,devoted by the EU t
43、o this work it was possible that the breakthrough could be achieved by the end of the next decade.Mr. Gretz figures out that if solar energy only provided three percent of the EUs needs,this could still produce a saving of about a billion dollars in the present bill for imported energy each year.And
44、 he believes that with the possibility of using more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the EUs future energy needs.At present the EU spends about 2.6 million a year on solar research at Ispra,one of the EUs official joint research centres,and an
45、other 3 million a year in indirect research with universities and other independent bodies.5.()According to Mr. Gretz,the present sum of money will enable the scientists to provide _.A.more than 3% of th EU needs after the year 2010B.only 3% of the EU needs before the year 2010C.less than 3% of the
46、EU needs before the year 2010D.only 3% of the EU needs even after the year 2010DDo you love holidays, but hate the increase in weight that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are times for splendid meals and celebrating, especially with the cultural foods of our heritage.With proper planning, thoug
47、h, it is possible to maintain (保持) normal weight during the holidays. The idea is to enjoy the holidays and think in terms of moderation (节制). Whether it is celebrating at the office party or sitting down for the traditional family dinner, approach (看待) eating as a time for tasting or sampling a var
48、iety of foods. Here are some tips to carry you through the round of celebrations and your social calendar without feeling having done wrong.Set realistic goals. Unless you have special dietary needs, there are no forbidden foods. Dont turn down the foods you enjoy, but be sensible.Dont skip meals. B
49、efore you leave home, have a small, low-fat meal or snack. This can help you to avoid excessive eating or drinking.Control portions (食量). Use a small luncheon-size plate and avoid the large platters that may encourage you to “load up”. You should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about th
50、e size of your fist. Once you have had your “tasting” serving, move away from the buffet. Doing so will make it less tempting to be eating constantly as your appetite is stimulated by the sight of food.Eat slowly and savor. Approach eating as a time for lasting or sampling a range of foods. Savor th
51、e flavors. Eat at a leisurely pace.Fill up before hand with clear soup and raw fruit or vegetables and fruit in a yogurt dressing rather than cream and cheese sauces.Drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you feel full.If you have a sweet tooth, try mints, hard candies, and fruits. Thes
52、e dont have the fat content of creamy desserts and chocolate.Maintain physical activity. Dont let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute brisk walk after a meal can help burn off excess calories.Avoid high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy may have a generous amount of fat.
53、Choose lean meats. Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.6.()How many pieces of advice does the writer offer in the passage?A.10.B.9.C.8.D.7.EThey are among the 250 000 people under the age of 25 who are out of work in the Newtherlands,a group that explains the cause of 40 percent of the n
54、ations unemployed.A storm of anger boils up at the government-sponsored(政府资助的) youth center,event among those who are continuing their studies.“We study for jobs that dont exist,”Nicollete Steggerda,23,said.After thirty years of prosperity,unemployment among 10 member nations of the European Communi
55、ty has reached as much as 11 percent,affecting a total of 12.3 million people,and the number is climbing.The bitter disappointment long expressed by British youths is spreading across the Continent.The title of a rock song “No Future” can now be seen written on the brick walls of closed factories in
56、 Belgium and France.Recent surveys have found that the increasing argument in the last few years over the deployment(部署) in Europe of North Atlantic Treaty Organization missiles and the possibility of nuclear war have clouded European youths confidence(信心) in the future.One form of protest(an action
57、 that shows disagreement) tends to put the responsibility for a countrys economic troubles on the large numbers of “guest workers” from Third World nations,people welcomed in Western Europe in the years of prosperity.Young Europeans,brought up in an extended period of economic success and general st
58、ability,seem to be similar to Americans more than they do their own parents.Material enjoyment has given them a sense of expectation,even the right,to a standard of living that they see around them.“And so we pass the days at the discos,or meet people at the cafe,and sit and stare,”said Isabella Cau
59、lt.“There is usually not much conversation.You look for happiness.Sometimes you even find it.”7.()Unemployment in the Netherlands has affected _.A.about 0.6 million people B.250 000 peopleC.less than half of the population D.one million peopleFThe Princeville Country Market was held six days a week.
60、The attendance(顾客人数) for Thursday,Friday and Saturday was reported as shown below:DayNumber of PeopleThursday3 168Friday5 879Saturday9 2673 168 is nearer to 3 000 than 3 500,so 3 000 is a number rounded to the nearest 500.Can you make a horizontal bar graph(水平线条图) showing the daily attendance at the
61、 market for the above three days rounded to the nearest 500?The following is a horizontal bar graph showing the daily attendance for Sunday,Monday and Tuesday.The manager of the market studied the horizontal bar graph and found it more careful to him than any other kind of graph,because it showed hi
62、m most clearly on which day he had the largest attendance.He acted according(相应地) and thus balanced his buying and selling.8.()The horizontal bar graph showing the daily attendance for Thursday,Friday and Saturday should be _.9.()What is the total attendance for the six days?A.38 500 B.44 000 C.36 000 D.46 50010.()Between which two days was the difference in attendance the greatest?A.Saturday and Tuesday. B.Monday and Thursday.C.Sunday and Thursday. D.Sunday and Tuesday.