1、50分阅读理解提分练 三 限时35分钟.阅读理解A The National Air and Space Museum in Washington,DC has thousands of objects on display,including the 1903 Wright Flyer,Charles Lindberghs Spirit of St.Louis,the Apollo 11 Command Module Columbia,and a lunar rock you can touch.In addition to our exhibition galleries,you may
2、want to visit the Albert Einstein Planetarium,Lockheed Martin IMAX Theatre,and the Public Observatory on the east end.There are many things to do at the Museum in DC.We offer daily tours and educational activities for bothchildren and adults.We also have scheduled lectures and events throughout the
3、year.Hours and Admission:Open every day except December 25.Admission is free.Regular Hours:10:00 a.m.to 5:30 p.m.Extended Hours:10:00 a.m.to 7:30 p.m.December 26-30,2016 March 30-April 20,2017Fridays and Saturdays,April 24-May 16,2017May 17-September 7,2017VISITING TIPS:Limit the number of bags:All
4、visitors are screened through metal detectors upon entry.The fewer items you bring inside the Museum,the fasteryour entry will be.Before you visit,please review the list of prohibited items,which include pocket knives and tripods(三脚架).Visitors carrying prohibited items will not be allowed inside the
5、 Museum,so please leave them at home or inyour car.No Food or Drink:Only bottled water is permitted in the Museum.You may only consume food and other drinks in the Food Court,not in the Museum.Groups who bring food are encouraged to picnic on the National Mall.Please Take Photos:You are welcome to t
6、ake photos for personal use.However,tripods and monopods(单脚架)are not permitted without approval.First Aid:The Museum has a First Aid office and a nurse on duty.Pleasecontact the nearest security officer or the Welcome Centre for assistance.Visit the Welcome Centre:At our Welcome Centre in the South
7、Lobby,staff and volunteers can answer any questions you have during your visit.Open:10:00 a.m.to 5:30 p.m.Phone:202-633-2214E-mail:NASM-visitorservice si.edu【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了位于华盛顿特区的国家航空航天博物馆的相关信息。1.According to the passage,the National Air and Space Museum is a museum _.A.where only adults can
8、take part in some educational activitiesB.where one can touch anything he likesC.everyone can visit without time limits all the year roundD.everyone can pay a visit to without buying tickets【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句We offer daily tours and educational activities for both children and adults.(我们每天为儿童
9、和成人提供旅游和教育活动。)以及Admission is free.(免费入场)可知,游客既可以是儿童也可以是成人,而且入馆是免费的,不需要买票。2.A visitor to the Museum can _.A.take photos with tripods for personal useB.get some medical treatment if he suddenly falls illC.bring fewer bags to go through metal detectorsD.eat and drink in the Museum or in the Food Court【
10、解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章First Aid部分内容The Museum has a First Aid office and a nurse on duty.Please contact the nearest security officeror the Welcome Centre for assistance.(博物馆有一个急救室和一个值班护士,需要急救帮助时可以与就近的保安或迎宾中心联系。)可知,如果游客出现突发疾病,可以获得医疗救助。3.The purpose of this passage is to _.A.attract people to explore the un
11、iverseB.encourage adults to bring their children thereC.make an advertisement for the museumD.show what is on display in the museum【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章结构为总分结构,首段第一句话揭示文章主旨:The National Air and Space Museum in Washington,DC has thousands of objects on display,including the 1903 Wright Flyer,Charles Lind
12、berghs Spirit of St.Louis,the Apollo 11 Command Module Columbia,and a lunar rock you can touch.(位于华盛顿特区的国家航空航天博物馆展出了数千件物品,包括1903年的莱特飞行器,查尔斯林德伯格的圣路易斯精神号,阿波罗11号指令舱哥伦比亚号,以及你可以触摸到的月球岩石。),且通读全文可知,本文从博物馆的展出物品,营业时间,注意事项,通讯方式等方面介绍了博物馆的相关信息,因此可推断文章的主要目的是宣传博物馆,吸引游客。B There are probably no people on Earth who
13、like to gossip as much as the British.If prying into(打探)others lives were an Olympic sport,then Team GB would surely take the gold medal.And when the British cant watch the lives of real people,they have another source of entertainment to fall back on the soap opera.British soap operas are very diff
14、erent to US TV dramas.For one,they are normally longer running.The two most popular,Coronation Street and East-enders,have been running for 48 and 24 years respectively.Both are broadcast several timesa week,so remarkably there have been more than 7,000 episodes of Coronation Street.The most obvious
15、 difference is that,unlike US dramas,the British soap operas focus on the real world.There is little glamour(魅力),the stars are rarely rich,and they normally have boring jobs.Perhaps the appeal is that the lives of the characters often mirror the lives of the audience but with some drama added.This m
16、eans the viewer can relate to the characters and feel the pain and happiness they go through on the show.Because these soap operas last for decades,the cast is ever changing.The shows rarely focus on one or two main characters.Like the real world,people come and go all the time.However,there are exc
17、eptions.Coronation Streets William Roache,76,has played the role of Ken Barlow since the very first episode of the show in 1960,and he is still a regular.The choice of which soap opera you follow is often cultural:People from the north of British tend to watch Coronation Street as it is set in Manch
18、ester.People from the south generally prefer East-enders,which is set in the east of London.The show is generally considered grittier and is aimed at a younger audience.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。世界上恐怕没有人比英国人更爱八卦了。当英国人看不到人们现实的生活时,他们还有另一种娱乐来源肥皂剧。文 章介绍了英国的肥皂剧和美国的电视剧的区别和特点。4.What is the main difference between Ame
19、rican dramas and British soap operas?A.American dramas are longer.B.British soap operas are longer.C.American dramas deal with dangerous things.D.British soap operas deal with real people.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的The most obvious difference is that,unlike US dramas,the British soap operas focus on the re
20、al world.(最明显的区别是,与美国电视剧不同,英国肥皂剧关注的是现实世界)可知,美剧与英国肥皂剧的主要区别在于英国肥皂剧与真人有关。5.Why do British people like to watch such operas?A.They can find their own life from the operas.B.They can enjoy the operas in their free time.C.They can watch the operas for many years.D.They care about the fate of the character
21、s in the operas.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Perhaps the appeal is that.audience(或许吸引人的地方是电视剧中人物的生活往往反映了观众的生活)以及This means the viewer can relate to the characters and feel the pain and happiness they go through on the show.(这意味着观众可以与角色产生共鸣,感受他们在剧中所经历的痛苦和快乐)可知,英国人喜欢这种电视剧是由于他们从中找到自己的生活。6.The underlined word“ep
22、isodes”in the 2nd paragraph probably means _.A.plays B.pages C.issues D.parts【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的The two most popular,Coronation Street and East-enders,have been running for 48 and 24 years respectively.Both are broadcast several times a week(其中最受欢迎的两个是Coronation Street和East-enders,它们已经分别上映了48年和24年
23、。这两个节目每周播出几次)可推知,more than 7,000 episodes of Coronation Street意为“Coronation Street有7000多集”。part(片段)与画线词意思接近。7.One characteristic of British soap operas is that _.A.the characters play the same role for a long timeB.the characters in the play often changeC.people dont know what will happen nextD.ther
24、e is only one or two characters in them【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Because these soap operas last for decades,the cast is ever changing.The shows rarely focus on one or two main characters.(因为这些肥皂剧持续了几十年,演员阵容一直在变化。电视剧很少集中于一两个主要角色)可推知,英国肥皂剧中的角色经常变化。C February,2015,a South Korean woman was sleeping on the f
25、loor when her robot vacuum(吸尘器)ate her hair,forcing her to call for emergency help.It surely isnt what Stephen Hawking warned us that intelligent devices“meanthe end of the human race”.But it does highlight one of the unexpected dangers of inviting robots into our home.There are many examples of int
26、elligent technology going bad,but more often than not,they involve cheating rather than physical danger.Meanwhile,increasing evidence suggests that we,especially children,tend to tell our deepest,darkest secrets to human robots.So how do we protect ourselves from giving-away code?Once youve invited
27、a robot into your home,you need to manage your expectations.Movies and marketing may have told us to expect deep interaction with robots friends but weve still got a long way to go before they are as socially aware as described.Given the gulf between expectation and reality,its important to avoid be
28、ing tricked.The message is clear:as robots became increasingly connected to the internet,and able to respond to natural language,you need to be especially cautious about figuring out who or what you are talking about.We also need to think about how information is being stored and shared when it come
29、s to robots that can record our every move.Some recording devices may have been designed for entertainment but can easily be adapted for more dangerous purposes.Take Nixie,the wearable camera that can flyoff your wrist at a moments notice and take shots around you in the air.It doesnt take much imag
30、ination to see how such technology could be taken advantage of.Most people protect their secrets in the presence of a recording device.But what happens once we get used to a robot around the house,answering every instruction and call?We may be at risk of letting our guard down,treating them as exten
31、ded member of our family.If the technology around us is able to record and process speech,images and movement,or listen secretlyto us,what will happen to that information?Where will it be stored?Who will have access?If our internet history can be a mirror,these details could be worth their gold weig
32、ht to advertisement company.If we grow accustomed to having trustworthy robots getting into our daily life,our words and deeds could easily become over-exposed.So,what is the safest way to welcome robots into our homes,public spaces,and social lives?We should be cautiously optimistic that intelligen
33、t machines could become enriching companions,while acknowledging that we need to determine strict boundaries for robots.We might think of expanding the reach of consumer protection agencies orcreating new robot-centered policies.Advances in robots may call for a body responsible for the combination
34、of robots with society.There should be someone to turn to should your robot commit a crime,steal your card.or tryto eat your hair.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述生活中的机器人很可能会给人们带来危险。8.The hair-eating story in Paragraph 1 is intended to_.A.show the poor quality of the productB.warn us to keep far away from vacuum
35、C.introduce the topic of the discussionD.appeal to us to take pity on the victim【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中But it does highlight one of the unexpected dangers of inviting robots into our home.但它确实突出了邀请机器人到我们家里来的意想不到的危险之一。可知,第一段描述机器人吃头发的故事的目的是引出机器人隐患的问题,介绍本文真正要讨论的话题。9.According to the writer,it is wise to_.A
36、.tell our deepest,darkest secrets to human robots straightlyB.have deep interaction with robots friends eagerlyC.make robots more socially aware than they are describedD.manage our expectations and adjust our trust towards robots【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中Once youve invited a robot into your home,you need t
37、o manage your expectations.一旦你邀请了一个机器人到你家里,你需要管理你的期望。以及第五段中you need to be especially cautious about figuring out who or what you are talking about.你需要特别小心地弄清楚你在谈论的是谁或什么。可知,根据作者的观点,管理我们的期望和调整我们对机器人的信任是明智的。10.The last two paragraphs are mainly about_.A.some reasons why we should be careful with robots
38、B.some background information of the writers conclusionC.some measures to be taken to deal with the problemD.some conclusion drawn from a series of experiments【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中So,what is the safest way to welcome robots into our homes,public spaces,and social lives?那么,欢迎机器人进入我们的家庭、公共空间和社会生活的最安全的
39、方式是什么?可知,最后两段主要是关于处理这个问题的一些措施。11.The writers attitude to our over-trusting robots can best be described as_.A.positiveB.objectiveC.optimisticD.critical【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第七段中If we grow accustomed to havingtrustworthy robots getting into our daily life,our words and deeds could easilybecome over-exposed.
40、如果我们习惯于让值得信赖的机器人进入我们的日常生活,我们的言行就很容易过度暴露。以及倒数第二段中We should be cautiously optimistic that intelligent machines could become enriching companions,while acknowledging that we need to determine strict boundariesfor robots.我们应该谨慎乐观地认为,智能机器可以成为丰富的伙伴,同时承认我们需要为机器人确定严格的界限。可知,作者对于我们过度信任的机器人的态度是批评的。D(2020泰安高三期末
41、)More than 40%of the insects around us could become extinct in next fewdecades.Simultaneously,the population of the adaptable and general species like that of houseflies,cockroaches and fleas is likely to bloom.Although some species of insects are vectors(带菌者)of serious diseases,or others destroy cr
42、op,but a world without insects is inconceivable.Their importance in interconnected ecosystems and food chains can never be undermined.Insects have essential roles in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems as herbivores,carnivores and decomposers.There are 17 times as many insects as humans,and these
43、numbers are essential for proper functioning of all ecosystems.Insects are responsible for pollinating around 75%of the crops in the world and also serve as food for other creatures.They replenish soils and keep the number of pests in check.The primary cause of this extinction is loss of habitat.Be
44、it the grasslandsor wetlands,everything is vanishing in mans quest towards intensive agriculture and urbanization.Another cause of this decline is the excessive use of pesticides,fertilizers and introduced invasive species.As if this wasnt enough,climate change and pollution of all sorts have alread
45、y started worsening their lives.Climate changemay also cause emergence of new pests and other vector-borne insects.The biggest threat of Insect Armageddon comes from Germany,where 75%of insect population have declined in just 30 years and from Puerto Rico,where due to 2 degree rise in temperature,th
46、ere has been 60 fold decline in invertebrate(无脊椎的)population since the 1970s.However,the fact that insects getting extinct is a global crisis is undisputed.But the neat thing about insects is,we all can do our bit to save them.We all can maintain pesticide-free kitchen gardens and organic farms.We c
47、an plant flowers and trees and invite them to nest again.Maybe this tragedy would have never arisen in the first place and you would not have to read this article,if the world had stopped using all kinds of pesticides immediately after Rachel Carson had published the Silent Spring.Conserving the ins
48、ect biodiversity is not our responsibility.It is a necessity because if they go,so will we.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。昆虫在生态系统和食物链中扮演着重要角色,但是超过40%的昆虫在未来几十年可能灭绝,文章分析了其原因并呼吁我们保护昆虫物种。12.Why cant we stand a world without insects?A.For their parts in global ecology.B.For their longer history than humans.C.For their sh
49、ockingly large population.D.For the appearance of new insect species.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Their importance in interconnected ecosystems and food chains can never be undermined.”可知,昆虫在全球生态中扮演重要的角色,所以我们无法承受一个没有昆虫的世界。13.What does the underlined word“undisputed”in Paragraph 7 mean?A.Possible.B.DoubtlessC
50、.Exact.D.Flexible.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第七段第二句“但是关于昆虫的一个好事是,我们可以尽我们的一点力量来挽救它们”,由此可推知前一句“However,the fact that insects getting extinct is a global crisis is undisputed.”的意思是“然而,昆虫正在灭绝是全球危机的事实是毫无疑问的”,所以“undisputed”的意思是“无疑的,确实的”。14.Which of the following may best explain the extinction of insect species?A.Cli
51、mate change.B.Human activities.C.The abuse of chemicals.D.The agriculture.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段灭绝的首要原因是栖息地的丧失。无论是草地或湿地,一切都在人类对集约型农业和城市化的探索中正在消失。可知,昆虫物种的灭绝是由于人类活动。15.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.Calling on us to do something to save insects.B.Introducing the urgent situation insects
52、 are facing.C.Presenting us ways to handle the global crises.D.Treating differently beneficial and harmful insects.【解析】选A。推理判断题。通读全文内容并结合文章最后两句“Conserving the insect biodiversity is not our responsibility.It is a necessity because if they go,so will we.”可推知,作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们为挽救昆虫尽一点力量。.七选五 Living in a
53、 culture that is different from your own can be both an excitingand challenging experience.16 Here are some major cultural differences between China and the US to help promote mutual understanding.PrivacyChinese people do not have the same concept of privacy as Americans do.They talk about topics su
54、ch as ages,income or marital status,which Americans think is annoying and intrusive(侵扰的).FamilyIn China,elders are traditionally treated with enormous respect and dignity while the young are cherished and nurtured.In America,the goal of the family is to encourage independence,particularly that of th
55、e children.17 FriendsChinese people have different meanings to define friends.18 Friendship means lifelong friends who feel deeply obligated to give each otherwhatever help might seem required.Americans always call people they meet friends,so the definition of friends is general and different.There
56、are work friends,playing friends,school friends and drinking friends.Money 19 They are always conservative when they are planning to spend money.It is different in the USA,where far fewer families are saving money for emergencies and education than their Chinese counterparts.20 Basically,China value
57、s the community and the US values the individual.If you achieve something in the US,its because you were great.While in China,if you achieve something,its because the team,or family,or companyis great.Everything you do gets attributed to the greater whole,while in America individual merits are celeb
58、rated.A.Collectivism vs.IndividualismB.Youre welcome to leave your comments.C.As is known to all,the Chinese like to save.D.Education and Career vs.Character and FaithE.Just hanging out together time to time is not friendship.F.Unlike the Chinese,older Americans seldom live with their children.G.You
59、 have to learn different cultural practices and try to adapt to them.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。生活在一个与你自己的文化不同的文化中,是 一种既令人兴奋又具有挑战性的经历。你必须学习不同的文化习俗,并努力去 适应它们。文章主要说明了中美之间的一些主要文化差异,以帮助促进相互理 解。16.【解析】选G。结合后文Here are some major cultural differences betweenChina and the US to help promote mutual understanding.可知以下是中美之
60、间的一些主要文化差异,以帮助促进相互理解。由此可知,生活在一个与你自己的文化不同的文化中,要求你必须学习不同的文化习俗,并努力去适应它们。后文就中美之间的一些主要文化差异展开了说明,也证实了这一点。故G选项“你必须学习不同的文化习俗,并努力去适应它们”符合上下文语境。17.【解析】选F。根据上文In China,elders are traditionally treated with enormous respect and dignity while the young are cherished and nurtured.InAmerica,the goal of the family
61、is to encourage independence,particularly that of the children.可知在中国,老年人传统上受到极大的尊重,有极高的尊严,而年轻人则被珍惜和培养。在美国,家庭的目标是鼓励独立,尤其是孩子们的独立。由此可知,上文提到了美国人对孩子培养的态度,本句承接上文说明,美国的情况是老年人很少和他们的孩子住在一起。故F选项“与中国人不同,美国老年人很少和他们的孩子住在一起”符合上下文语境。18.【解析】选E。根据后文Friendship means lifelong friends who feel deeply obligated to give
62、each other whatever help might seem required.可知友谊意味着终身的朋友,他们感到有义务给对方任何可能需要的帮助。由此可知,本句是在说明中国人对待友谊的一些看法。故E选项“只是经常一起出去玩不是友谊”符合上下文语境。19.【解析】选C。根据后文They are always conservative when they are planning to spend money.It is different in the USA,where far fewer families are saving money for emergencies and e
63、ducation than their Chinese counterparts.可知他们在花钱的时候总是很保守。但美国的情况不同,与中国家庭相比,很少有美国家庭为紧急情况和教育存钱。由此可知,本句是在说明中国人与美国人对待金钱观念不同,中国人有储蓄的习惯。故C选项“众所周知,中国人喜欢储蓄”符合上下文语境。20.【解析】选A。本空为本段小标题,根据后文Basically,China values the community and the US values the individual.可知基本上,中国重视集体,而美国重视个人。由此可知,本段主要是在讨论中国的集体主义和美国的个人主义观念。故A选项“集体主义与个人主义”符合上下文语境。