1、09语法填空序号内容Passage 1介绍一个掉落深坑，通过自我鼓励和勇气使自己脱离困境的故事。Passage 2关于探索宇宙梦想的影响以及人类对宇宙探索付出的行动。Passage 3文章主要讲述了黑水潜水者张帆拍摄海洋生物的初衷和过程Passage 4文章主要介绍了不同的诗歌形式及其不同的表达方式Passage 5主要讲述了高中是塑造你即将成为的人的重要阶段Passage 6主要说明了柏拉图和亚里士多德两个哲学家对于教育的一些观点和看法。Passage1A man was caught and thrown into a pit (坑) of about “40 feet” deep. He
2、 struggled trying to get out of the pit, 1the more he tried, the weaker his muscles became. He said to himself, “I dont know how2(get) myself out of this. Maybe I should just die instead of enduring these miserable struggles and pains.”Just then, he heard a voice screaming, “Help! Help! Help!” The s
3、houts were coming from another pit, 3was 10 feet more deeper than the one he was in. “Wow, so there is somebody else like me 4 (stick) here too,” He thought to himself.Listening 5(careful), he heard some cracking and sand dropping from 6wall of the pit of the other victim. Immediately he summed up h
4、is courage and with his last bit of strength, 7(start) crawlinglittle by little until he made it out of his pit. When you go through pains, remember that there are people pain 8 (badly) off than you. Always say something sweet to yourself. Always smile at your pains. Try to 9 (courage) yourself. Loo
5、k at yourself in the mirror, beat your chest and say, “I can make 10and I can stand the test of time.” Passage2Space exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars 11 human ingenuity struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first scienc
6、e fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649.Cyrano was dead and buried for 12 good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.In 1961, when Kennedy declared that America 13 (send) a man to the moon by the decades end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They
7、 resonated with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech 14, delivered by Martin Luther King two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions 15 (yield) concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up 16 odds wi
8、th each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to
9、the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised-space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no successor. The argument is that funds are tight, and 17 we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dis
10、pensable luxury18 saving one-thousandth of a single years budget would solve our problems.But human ingenuity struggles on NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modern Magellans, mapping out the solar system for 19 explorers follow,
11、 whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up attack on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private space-flight 20 lie within reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.Passage3Deep
12、diving explorationWhile most photographers put their cameras away when the nights dark curtain falls, Zhang Fan gathers his equipment and starts his blackwater diving adventure.Blackwater diving involves photographing small, free-floating (自由浮动的) ocean creatures that move up to the oceans surface (表
13、面)after dark or in any area 21 there is seemingly no bottom.Still quite new in China, blackwater diving 22 (date) back to 1984 in Hawaii, US. From small eel larva (幼龄鳗鱼) to big, fierce great white sharks, each of Zhangs underwater photographs has a “wow” factor. But the story behind each photo adds
14、more emotional value to the work 23 .“It is like meeting an old neighbor,” the 35-year-old photographer recalled, speaking of the touching moment when he returned to a location after a long time only 24 (see) the fish he previously photographed still there.While the underwater world 25 seem fascinat
15、ing, its not always a fairy tale.Zhang said that he encountered many dangerous moments underwater, including 26 (hit) as a sperm whale (抹香鲸) went by. But what fascinated him most is that he can witness big and small changes in the ocean and 27these changes can tell him about nature. “Corals (珊瑚) are
16、 28 the first indicators of climate change. With the rise in temperature, corals have experienced a process called bleaching (漂白), 29 they lose their color and are dying. It is heartbreaking,” he explained.This risky 30 charming art has helped Zhang attract loads of fans. His Sina Weibo account has
17、more than 430,000 follower）. He hopes that his photos and videos can act as a wake-up call to protect our oceans.Passage4Some poems tell a story or describe something 31 a way that will give the reader a strong 32 (impress). Others try to convey certain 33 (emotion). Poets use many different forms o
18、f poetry to express 34 (them). For example, the language of nursery rhymes is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they have strong rhyme and a lot of repetition. And list poems have 35 flexible line length and 36 (repeat) phrases which give both a pattern and rhythm to
19、a poem.Another simple form of poem is the cinquain, 37 is made up of five lines and can convey a strong picture in just a few words. Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that 38 (make) up of 17 syllables.And of course there are Tang poems from China which you may enjoy in particular.With so many diffe
20、rent forms of poetry 39 (choose) from, students may 40 (eventual) want to write poems of their own.Passage5 High school years are a large part in 41 (shape) the person you are going to become. A school often provides education for you, and it can also be 42you can develop relationships with many dif
21、ferent people, join clubs, and participate in a variety of different sports. These years can make you become a high school student 43 (fill) with many different emotions, including happiness, anger, sadness, envy, loneliness, stress, and so on. This is also a time when peer (同龄人) pressure is most co
22、mmonly put upon a vast 44 (major) of teens.Peer pressure is the influence from members of ones peer group. This can include influencing another to drink, smoke, cheat on a test, lie, skip class, etc. The list is 45(end). Peer pressure at high school can lead to teen depression, high stress levels, n
23、egative behavior issues, and poor decision making and outcomes.Despite the fact 46 peer pressure is most commonly seen as a very negative issue, it can 47 (see) positively in some situations. This can involve 48 (pressure) your peers to be honest, avoid alcohol, respect others, work hard, exercise,
24、be kind, be responsible, and more. Friends and peer 49 (actual) affect the choices you make. Choosing to have good friends can have a very significant effect 50 you.Passage6 Many educationalists consider Philosophy of Education a weak and imprecise field, too far 51 (remove)from the practical applic
25、ations of the real world to be useful. But philosophers 52 (date)back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks have given the area much thought and emphasis, and there is little doubt 53 their work has helped shape the practice of education over the millennia.Plato is the earliest important educational think
26、er, and education is an essential element in “The Republic” (his most important work on philosophy and politics, written around 360 BC), in which he advocates 54 (apply)some rather extreme methods: removing children from their mothers care, raising them as wards of the state, and differentiating chi
27、ldren suitable to the various castes, the highest receiving the most education, 55they could act as guardians of the city and care for the less able. He believed that education 56 be holistic, including facts, skills, physical discipline, music and art. Plato believed that talent and intelligence is
28、 not distributed genetically and thus is to be found in children born to all classes.Aristotle considered human nature, habit and reason to be equally important forces to be cultivated in education, the ultimate aim of which should be 57 (produce) good and virtuous citizens. He proposed that teacher
29、s lead their students systematically and that repetition 58 (use) as a key tool to develop good habits, unlike Socrates emphasis 59 questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas. He emphasized the balancing of the theoretical and practical aspects of subjects, among which he clearly mention
30、s reading, writing, mathematics, music, physical education, literature, history, and a wide range of sciences, 60 play, which he also considered important.【参考答案】1but2to get3which4stuck5carefully6the7started8worse9encourage10it【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍一个掉落深坑，通过自我鼓励和勇气使自己脱离困境的故事。告诉我们面临困难时，要自我鼓励，鼓起勇气，战胜困难。1
31、考查连词。句意：他挣扎着试图从坑里出来，但是他越尝试，肌肉越无力。根据句意可知，两个小句前后意义相反，需填but表转折，故填but。2考查不定式。句意：他对自己说：“我不知道如何从这里出去”。根据句子结构可知，此句是宾语从句，用“how to do”做动词know的宾语，故填to get。3考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：这个声音来自另一个坑。那个坑似乎比他掉进的坑深10英尺。此句考查非限制性定语从句的引导词，代替先行词pit。故填which。4考查过去分词。句意：哇！还有人像我一样，也被困在这。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处填过去分词表被动，故填stuck。5考查副词。句意：他仔细听，听到
32、裂开的声音和沙子从其他受害者所在坑的墙上掉落的声音。根据句子结构可知，用副词修饰动词listening，故填carefully。6考查冠词。句意：他仔细听，听到裂开的声音和沙子从其他受害者所在坑的墙上掉落的声音。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处用定冠词修饰名词wall，表特指。故填the。7考查动词及时态。句意：他立即鼓起勇气，以他最后一点胆量，开始一点一点地爬，直到爬出这个坑。本文是在介绍过去发生的事 ，故用一般现在时，所以动词需变成一般过去式，故填started。8考查比较级。句意：当你经历苦难时，要记得仍有比你更难的人。根据than可知，此处填比较级，故填worse。9考查动词。句意：努力地
33、鼓励自己。根据“try to do sth.”意为“努力做”可知，此处应填动词原形，故填encourage。10考查代词。句意：对着镜子，看着自己，把手放在胸口然后说：我可以做到，我可以度过余下的时间。根据“I can make it”表示“我可以做到”。动词make后用代词的宾格，且it代指困境。故填it。11where12a13would send14of all15had yielded16at17that18as if/as though19whatever20could/can/may/might【分析】这是一篇说明文。宇宙探索一直是梦想家们的领域，文章主要说明了人们关于探索宇宙梦想
34、的影响以及人类对宇宙探索付出的行动。11考查状语从句。句意：宇宙探索一直是梦想家们的领域：人类的想象力十足，人类的创造力紧随其后努力将其变为现实。引导地点状语从句，意为“在的地方”应用where。故填where。12考查冠词。句意：在第一批载人火箭开始飞行之前，西拉诺已经死去，长眠了整整三个世纪。后文three centuries视为一个整体，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且good是发音以辅音音素开头单词，应用a，a good three centuries整整三个世纪，故填a。13考查动词时态。句意：1961年，当肯尼迪宣布美国将在六十年代结束前将人类送上月球时，这句话也带有一种梦幻般的意味。此
35、处主句为一般过去时，从句也应用过去的对应时态，结合后文“by the decades end”可知从句应用过去将来时。故填would send。14考查固定短语。句意：他们的乐观主义和雄心壮志在很大程度上与马丁路德金两年后发表的最著名的梦想演讲如出一辙。结合语境表示“中最”短语为“最高级+of all”。故填of all。15考查动词时态。句意：到本世纪末，这两种愿景都产生了具体成果，改变了美国社会。根据上文“By the end of the decade”可知，到过去某一时间动作已经完成并且产生影响，应用过去完成时。故填had yielded。16考查介词。句意：然而，在许多方面，这两个梦
36、想最终却出现了分歧。结合句意表示“意见不一致；有分歧”短语为at odds with。故填at。17考查表语从句。句意：理由是资金紧张，我们在地球上有更紧迫的问题。此处为and连接的两个表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that引导，金起连接作用，无实义。故填that。18考查虚拟语气。句意：在当前对联邦赤字的担忧中，去探索星球似乎是一种可有可无的奢侈似乎节省一年预算的千分之一就能解决我们的问题。根据后文saving one-thousandth of a single years budget would solve our problems可知，表示与将来事实相反的假设，表从句谓语
37、动词用would+动词原形，示“似乎”应用as if/as though。故填as if/as though。19考查宾语从句。句意：他们将扮演现代麦哲伦的角色，为探险者绘制出太阳系的蓝图，无论他们追随的是人还是机器。此处为宾语从句，从句中的follow缺少宾语，表示“无论什么”应用whatever。故填whatever。20考查情态动词。句意：几年后，私人太空飞行对富裕家庭可能唾手可得。后文lie为动词原形，可知应填情态动词，表示“可能”应用could/can/may/might。故填could/can/may/might。21where22dates23itself24to see25ma
38、y/might26being hit27what28among29during/in which30but【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了黑水潜水者张帆拍摄海洋生物的初衷和过程。21考查定语从句。句意：黑水潜水包括拍摄小的、自由漂浮的海洋生物，它们在天黑后或在任何看起来没有底部的地方移动到海洋表面。此处为定语从句修饰先行词area，先行词在从句中地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。22考查动词时态。句意：黑水潜水在中国还是个新鲜事物，它可以追溯到1984年美国夏威夷。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为blackwater diving，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故
39、填dates。23考查反身代词。句意：但每张照片背后的故事却为作品本身增添了更多的情感价值。结合句意表示“作品本身”可知应用反身代词itself。故填itself。24考查非谓语动词。句意：这位35岁的摄影师回忆道：“这就像遇到了一个老邻居。”他说到他在很久之后回到一个地方，却看到他之前拍摄的那条鱼还在那里的感人时刻。此处为“only to do sth.”结构，为不定式作结果状语。故填to see。25考查情态动词。句意：虽然海底世界可能看起来很迷人，但它并不总是一个童话。后文seem为动词原形，可知应填情态动词，表示“可能”应用may/might。故填may/might。26考查非谓语动词
40、。句意：张说，他在水下遇到了很多危险的时刻，包括在一头抹香鲸经过时被击中。空处为动名词作宾语，且hit与he构成被动关系，应用being done形式。故填being hit。27考查表语从句。句意：但最令他着迷的是，他能目睹海洋大大小小的变化，以及这些变化能告诉他关于大自然的一些事情。此处为and连接的两个表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代事情，应用what。故填what。28考查介词。句意：珊瑚是气候变化的首批指示器之一。根据后文“the first indicators”表示“在三者或三者以上中”应用介词among。故填among。29考查定语从句。句意：随着温度的升高，珊瑚经历了一个被称为
41、“漂白”的过程，在这个过程中，它们失去颜色，死亡。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词process，指物，根据短语“在过程中”短语为in/during a process，可知应用介词during或in，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，指物，只能用关系代词which。故填during/in which。30考查连词。句意：这种冒险但富有魅力的艺术吸引了大批粉丝。结合前后文语境，可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。31in32impression33emotions34themselves35a36repeated37which38is made39to choo
42、se40eventually【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同的诗歌形式及其不同的表达方式。31考查介词。句意：有些诗歌讲述故事或描述某事的方式会给读者一个强烈的印象。固定短语in a way意为以的方式。故填in。32考查名词。句意：有些诗歌讲述故事或描述某事的方式会给读者一个强烈的印象。根据上文“strong”可知横空处应填名词（形容词后+名词）。impress的名词形式为impression。不可数名词。故填impression。33考查名词。句意：其他的则试图传达某些情感。根据上文“certain”可知横空处应填名词（形容词后+名词）。再结合语境，此处应指不止一种情感，要用名词
43、复数。故填emotions。34考查反身代词。句意：诗人使用许多不同的诗歌形式来表达他们自己。 根据句意分析，此句主语为poets，再结合语意应是express themselves（表达他们自己）。主语与宾语表示的是同一个人或者事物时，宾语用反身代词。故填themselves。35考查冠词。句意：列表诗有一个灵活的行长。根据句意分析，有个的长度（行长）应表达成have a/an length。flexible为辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。36考查过去分词（形容词）。句意：列表诗有灵活的行长和重复的短语，这给了诗歌一种模式和节奏。根据下文“phrases”可知横空处应填过去分词repeated
44、作形容词，表示被重复的。repetitive也有重复的意思，但多含贬义。故填repeated。37考查非限制性定语从句。句意：另一种简单的诗歌形式是五行诗，它由五行组成，用几个字就能表达出一幅强烈的画面。根据语意分析，“_ is made up of five lines and can convey a strong picture in just a few words.”是对前面“五行诗”进一步补充说明。且先行词cinquain 在从句中充当主语，应用which。故填which。38考查时态语态。句意：俳句是日本的一种诗歌形式，由17个音节组成。根据语意分析，make up of 在th
45、at引导的从句中充当谓语，要考虑时态和语态是否正确。make up of（由组成）与俳句的关系是被动。所以要用一般现在时的被动语态。be made up of “由.组成”。故填is made。39考查动词不定式。句意：有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，学生们最终可能想要自己写诗。根据句意分析，此处应填动词不定式来表将来（目的），表示有很多形式的诗歌来供学生选择。故填to choose。40考查副词。句意：有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，学生们最终可能想要自己写诗。根据下文“want”及语意，可知横空处应填副词（副词修饰动词）。eventual的副词形式为eventually。故填eventua
46、lly。41shaping42where43filled44majority45endless46that47be seen48pressuring49actually50on【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了高中是塑造你即将成为的人的重要阶段，这段时期面领着很多的机遇但是也面临着来自同龄人的压力，同龄人的压力会产生消极的影响，但也应该看到它也有积极的一面。41考查非谓语动词。句意：高中时期在塑造你将要成为的人方面起着很大的作用。分析句子可知，此空位于介词in后面，应用动名词形式作宾语。故填shaping。42考查表语连接词。句意：学校经常为你提供教育，你也可以在那里与不同的人发展关系，加入俱
47、乐部，参加各种不同的运动。分析句子可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，连接词在从句中作地点状语，应用连接副词where。故填where。43考查非谓语动词。句意：这些年会让你成为一个充满各种不同情绪的高中生，包括快乐，愤怒，悲伤，嫉妒，孤独，压力，等等。分析句子成分可知，谓语动词为can make，fill作非谓语，它的逻辑主语是student，fill 和主语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填filled。44考查名词。句意：这也是同龄人的压力最普遍地施加在绝大多数青少年身上的时候。前面有形容词vast修饰，且a majority of意为“大多数的”，是固定搭配，可知
48、，此处应填名词形式。故填majority。45考查形容词。句意：这个列表是无穷无尽的。此空位于is后面，可知应填形容词作表语，表示“永无止境的”应用形容词endless。故填endless。46考查同位语从句连接词。句意：尽管同伴压力通常被视为非常消极的问题，但在某些情况下也可以被视为积极的。分析句子可知，设空处引导同位语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用只起连接作用的连接词that。故填that。47考查语态。句意：尽管同伴压力通常被视为非常消极的问题，但在某些情况下也可以被视为积极的。see的主语it指代的是peer pressure，两者为被动关系，且位于情态动词can后面，应用动词原形。
49、故填be seen。48考查非谓语动词。句意：这包括向你的同伴施压，要求他们诚实、不喝酒、尊重他人、努力工作、锻炼身体、善良、负责任等等。分析句子可知，此处作involve的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填pressuring。49考查副词。句意：朋友和同伴实际上会影响你的选择。此处修饰动词affect应用副词形式，作状语。故填actually。50考查介词。句意：选择好朋友对你有非常重要的影响。分析句子可知，此处表示“对有影响”应用have an effect on，是固定搭配。故填on。51removed52dating53that54applying55so that56should57to
50、produce58be used59on60as well as【分析】这是一篇说明文。许多教育学家认为教育哲学是一个薄弱和不精确的领域，与现实世界的实际应用相去甚远，没有用处。文章主要说明了柏拉图和亚里士多德这两个哲学家对于教育的一些观点和看法。51考查非谓语动词。句意：许多教育学家认为教育哲学是一个薄弱和不精确的领域，与现实世界的实际应用相去甚远，没有用处。分析句子结构可知remove在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Philosophy of Education构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。故填removed。52考查非谓语动词。句意：但是追溯到柏拉图和古希腊的哲学家们对这一领域
51、进行了大量思考和重视，毫无疑问，数千年来，他们的工作帮助塑造了教育实践。分析句子结构可知date在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语philosophers构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填dating。53考查固定句型。句意：但是追溯到柏拉图和古希腊的哲学家们对这一领域进行了大量思考和强调，毫无疑问，数千年来，他们的工作帮助塑造了教育实践。结合句意表示“毫无疑问”可知句型为there is little doubt that。故填that。54考查非谓语动词。句意：柏拉图是最早的重要的教育思想家，在理想国(他最重要的哲学和政治著作，大约写于公元前360年)中，教育是一个重要的因素，他主
52、张应用一些相当极端的方法：把孩子从母亲的照料中转移出来，把他们当作国家的监护人抚养，把孩子区分为适合不同种姓的人，最高种姓的人接受的教育最多，这样他们就可以作为城市的监护人，照顾能力较差的人。结合句意表示“主张做某事”可知短语为advocate doing sth.。故填applying。55考查状语从句。句意：柏拉图是最早的重要的教育思想家，在理想国(他最重要的哲学和政治著作，大约写于公元前360年)中，教育是一个重要的因素，他主张应用一些相当极端的方法：把孩子从母亲的照料中转移出来，把他们当作国家的监护人抚养，把孩子区分为适合不同种姓的人，最高种姓的人接受的教育最多，这样他们就可以作为城市
53、的监护人，照顾能力较差的人。引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，所以”应用so that。故填so that。56考查情态动词。句意：他认为教育应该是全面的，包括事实、技能、体育、音乐和艺术。根据后文动词原形be可知应填情态动词，表示“应该”应用should。故填should。57考查非谓语动词。句意：亚里士多德认为，人的本性、习惯和理性是教育中同样重要的力量，教育的最终目的应该是产生善良、有道德的公民。分析句子结构可知produce在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且此处说明aim的具体内容，用不定式作表语。故填to produce。58考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议教师系统地引导学生，并将重复作为培养良好习
54、惯的关键工具，这与苏格拉底强调询问听众以引出他们自己的想法不同。propose表示“建议”时，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，此处repetition与use构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故填be used。59考查介词。句意：他建议教师系统地引导学生，并将重复作为培养良好习惯的关键工具，这与苏格拉底强调询问听众以引出他们自己的想法不同。结合句意表示“强调”可知短语为emphasis on。故填on。60考查固定短语。句意：他强调学科理论与实践的平衡，其中他明确提到了阅读、写作、数学、音乐、体育、文学、历史和广泛的科学，以及他认为重要的游戏。根据语境，表示“也，而且”应用短语as well as。故填as well as。
