1、Unit 2Cloning核心单词differdifferentdifference1._ vi.不同；相异_ adj.不同的_ n.不同；差异exactexactly2._ adj.精确的；准确的_ adv.精准地3._ adj.商业的；贸易的_ n.商业；贸易4._ adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的5._ vt.(undertook;undertaken)着手；从事；承担commercialcommercestraightforwardundertake6._ n.突破breakthrough7._ n.程序；步骤；手续procedure8._ vi.反对；不赞成_ n.不赞成；反对；异议_
2、 adj.真实的；客观的；无偏见的9._ vt.获得；赢得objectobjection10._ vt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)11._ adj.道德(上)的；伦理的_ n.道德；伦理objectiveobtainattainmoralmoralityforbidaccumulateaccumulationowe12._ vt.(forbade，forbad;forbidden)禁止；不准13._ vt.&vi.积累；聚积_n.积累；聚积retireretirement14._ vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于15._ vi.退休；离开_ n.退休16._ vt.打扰vi.操心 n.
3、烦扰bother17._ n.假定；设想_ vt.假定；设想18._ n.规则；规章；法规_ v.调节；管理assumptionassumeregulationregulate19._ n.受人喜爱；流行_ adj.流行的；受人欢迎的popularitypopularstrike20._ vt.&vi.(struck,struck)打；撞击；罢工n.罢工resistresistanceresistant21._ vt.抵抗；对抗_ n.抵抗；对抗_ adj.抵抗的adore23._ vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱24._ adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的_n.原因reasonablereason22
4、._ n.缺点；不利条件drawbackpaycastobjecthaveimpact常考短语1._ off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清2._ down 使失望；使沮丧3._ to 反对favourowe4._ a great _ on.对有很大影响5.in_ of 赞成；支持bound6._.to.把归功于7.(be)_ to(do).一定或注定(做)strikehearttimetimebringlife8._.into ones _ 使刻骨铭心9.from _ to _ 不时；偶尔10._ back to _ 使复生；使复活11.in _ 白费力气；枉费心机12.in good/poor
5、 _ 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)vaincondition经典佳句Fromtimetotimeifthere1._ _ _ _ people suggestthat extinct animals like dinosaurs,can possibly be brought back tolife through cloning.人们时常设想灭绝的动物，例如恐龙，有可能通过克隆技术使它们复活。notenoughdiversity2.All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain _ _ _ _ _ in the group tooverco
6、me illnesses.如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病，那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。iswiththeirgenesarranged3.Diversity in a group means having animals _ _ _ in different ways.群中的多样性指的是拥有基因排列方式不同的动物。课文回顾exactusesvaluablewhileCloning is a way of making an 1._(exactly)copy ofanother animal or plant.Cloning has two major 2._(use).
7、Firstly,gardeners use it to produce plants.Secondly,it is3._(value)for medical research on animals.Cloning plantsis straightforward 4._ cloning animals is more complicated.The procedure is difficult 5._(undertake).In 1996,scientists succeeded in 6._(clone)the sheep Dolly.Thencame the disturbing news
8、 7._ Dolly was ill.Altogetherto undertakecloningthatobjectionsforbadeorDolly lived for six years.Dollys appearance raised a storm of8._(object).Governments became nervous and many9._(forbid)research into human cloning.Scientists stillwonder whether cloning will help 10._ harm us and whereit is leadi
9、ng us to.单句语法填空1._(retire)from business,he now occupieshimself with his garden.2.His efforts to raise money for his program were _vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of theirpockets.Having retiredintaking3.The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Annacannot resist _
10、(take)a close look at them,although shecannot afford them at present.4.(2019 年新课标卷 阅读理解C)The researchers say thatthe keyboard should be pretty _(straight)tocommercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive,plastic-likeparts.straightforwardthatcould have obtained5.I think it is her personality rather t
11、han her looks _has struck me.6.Honey,look at your mistake in spelling this word,or you_(obtain)full marks in this exam.7.Liu Lei insisted that he merely did what everybody wouldhave done and strongly objected to _(call)a hero.8.Equipped with modern facilities,todays libraries differgreatly _ those o
12、f the past.being calledfrom9.(2018 年新课标卷 阅读理解 A)Join a guided bike tourand view some of the _(popular)monuments inWashington,D.C.most populardiffers10.Chinese _(differ)from English in many ways.1.differ vi.不同；相异differ from 不同于；与有区别 differ in 在方面不同 differ with 与意见不一致 make a/some/no difference 有/有些/没有
13、作用或影响易混辨析differ,vary 和 diversify(1)differ 强调两者的区别。(2)vary 强调在一定的范围内变化。(3)diversify 强调多种多样。运用用适当的介词填空(1)The two brothers differed _ each other _politics.withinfromdifferently(2)The story he told the police differed _ the one hetold his mother.(3)(2018 年天津卷完形填空)Instead of seeing my boys aslosers,I pus
14、hed and encouraged them.I helped them to see themselves_(different),and they built themselves into winners.2.object vi.反对；不赞成object to sth./doing sth.反对某事/做某事objection n.不赞成；反对；异议be open to objection 有可争议之处；有不合理之处make/have an objection to/against.反对 feel objection to doing sth.反对做某事一句多译我的观点是，反对停车收费。
15、As far as Im concerned,I have an objection to charging forparking.In my opinion,I object to charging for parking.In my view,I am opposed to charging for parking.From my point of view,Im against charging for parking.运用单句语法填空(1)I object to _(waste)money on useless things.(2)The issue proposed by him i
16、s open to _(object).(3)We object to _(blame)for something thatwe havent done.wastingobjectionbeing blamed3.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于 owe.to.把归功于 owe it to sb.that.多亏某人 owe sb.for.因而欠某人 owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物owe sb.an apology 该向某人道歉owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个情owing to 因为；由于用法指引 如果 owe 的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可
17、使用 it做形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。易混辨析due to,owing to 和 thanks to(1)due to 在英式英语中只能引导表语；美式英语中可做表语也可做状语。如：Our victory was due to the assistance of the star-player.我们的胜利归因于主力球员的发挥。I came late due to the traffic jams.由于交通堵塞，我来晚了。(此句中 due to 用作状语，仅美语中可见)(2)owing to 即可做状语又可做表语。它所引导的状语必须修饰全句，必须用逗号与主句隔开，这
18、点与 because of 不同。如：They decided to postpone the trip,owing to the change ofweather.由于气候变化，他们决定推迟旅程。(3)thanks to 也是引导状语，除表示“由于”之外，往往带有感谢或讽刺的意思。如：Thanks to your help,much trouble was avoided.多亏了你的帮助，才省了许多麻烦。运用单句语法填空(1)He owes his success more _ luck than _ ability.(2)I owe a lot _ my wife and children
19、.(3)He owed _ to his teachers that he could be admittedto a key university.tototoit(4)_(owe)to my lack of experience,I didnt do thework well.Owing4.bother vt.打扰vi.操心 n.烦扰bother with/about 为而烦恼；因而操心 bother to do/doing 费神做 用法指引 bother 作“麻烦；困难”讲时，是不可数名词；作“令人烦恼的事物；讨厌的人”讲时，是可数名词。易混辨析bother,disturb,troubl
20、e 和 annoy(1)bother 指干扰别人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安宁，可能是故意的，含有使人讨厌的意味。(2)disturb 指使人失去正常秩序而一时得不到安宁，精力不能集中，语气比 bother 弱。(3)trouble 常指在心情上失去平静而感到忧虑、苦恼或在行动上带来不便，也常用于礼貌的请求。(4)annoy 通常指重复性的行为使(别人)生气，常用于被动，表示为某事烦恼、生气。运用单句语法填空(1)He didnt even bother _(say)thank you.(2)Dont bother your father _ it now；hes verytired.(3)S
21、ometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talkover what _(bother)them.to say/sayingabout/withis bothering5.resist vt.抵抗；对抗cant/couldnt resist doing sth.禁不住做某事resist(doing)sth.抵制(做)某事be hard/impossible to resist 难以拒绝resistant adj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的be resistant to 对有抵抗力 写作佳句Through educating him
22、self and strengthening his own will,every individual should resist the temptation of cigarettes.每一个人都应该透过自我教育，强化自己的意志力，来抗拒香烟的诱惑。运用单句语法填空(1)The children always resist _(go)to bed onChristmas Eve.goingtoplaying(2)The new product is resistant _ high temperatureand heat.(3)The child couldnt resist _(pla
23、y)computer games.1.pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清pay for 为付款；为付出代价 pay back 偿还(欠款)；回报pay out 付出pay the bill 付账单get paid 获得报酬用法指引pay off 表示“得到好结果；有回报”时是不及物动词词组，其后不接宾语；表示“偿清”时是及物动词词组。运用单句语法填空(1)The doctors efforts paid _ when he saw the patientopen his eyes.offforbackpaid(2)(2018 年北京卷阅读理解 D)They take their dri
24、verless carto an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the buildingto avoid paying _ parking.(3)That I can pay _ the help people give me makesme happy.(4)I get _(pay)for piecework,not on a monthly wage.2.in favour of 赞成；支持in sb.s favour 对某人有利；得某人欢心do sb.a favour 给某人以恩惠；帮某人的忙写作佳句All his fam
25、ily are in favour of his decision to work in thewestern area after graduation.全家人都支持他毕业后去西部工作的决定。运用单句语法填空(1)Lu Xun abandoned health care _ favour of literaturein the 1920s.inato pick(2)Do me _ favour and turn off the radio.(3)Could you do me the favour _(pick)up Sam fromschool today?3.(be)bound to(d
26、o).一定或注定(做)be bound to sth.被束缚于/被绑在某物上be bound(for.)准备(去)be bound up in 热心于；忙于be bound up with 与有密切关系 写作佳句I am bound to say I disagree with you on this point.我觉得有必要指出，在这点上我与你意见不一致。运用单句语法填空(1)The new discovery is bound _(be)of great serviceto mankind.to beinwith(2)She is bound up _ her homework.(3)Hi
27、s future is bound up _ that of the company.4.in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)out of condition 健康状况欠佳working/living/studying conditions 工作/生活/学习环境on condition that.在条件下；倘若 on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)写作佳句Before the college entrance examination,all of us shouldadjust ourselves to being
28、 in good condition.高考前，我们每个人应把自己调整到最好的状态。运用单句语法填空(1)The car has been well maintained and is _ goodcondition.inconditionsonshould(2)No one pay attention to their working _(condition).(3)You can keep the books for about 3 weeks _ conditionthat you preserve them well.(4)On no condition _ you lose heart
29、 when you arein trouble.原句 1The fact that she seemed to develop normally wasvery encouraging.她(多莉羊)看来是在正常地成长着，这很鼓舞人心。“that she seemed to develop normally”是一个同位语从句，做 the fact 的同位语。同位语从句一般由 that 引导，常放在 fact,truth,news,information,idea,thought,hope,suggestion,advice,reply,remark,report 等名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容
30、。注意：当先行词是 problem,question 或当主句是表示疑问 或否定意思时，连接词要用 whether 或其他的疑问代词或疑问副词。运用单句语法填空(1)The idea _ schools cancel sport activities is verydiscouraging,which,in my opinion,is not a good way to preventstudents from getting hurt.thatthatwhether(2)The old saying _ honesty is the best policy is wellknown to e
31、veryone,which signifies the importance of honesty.(3)The question _ we should continue to do theexperiment has not been answered yet.原句 2Could it be solved if corrections were made in theirresearch procedure？如果改进研究程序，问题会不会解决呢？本句为虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法。(1)在非真实条件句中的虚拟语气中，如果表示与现在事实相反的假设，用动词的过去式(be 动词一般用 were)
32、，主句则用would/could/should/might动词原形；(2)与过去事实相反的假设，用 had过去分词，主句则用would/could/should/mighthave过去分词；(3)与将来事实相反的假设，可用动词的过去式，were to动词原形或者 should动词原形，主句则用 would/could/should/might动词原形。运用单句语法填空(1)(2018 年北京卷单项填空)They might have found a betterhotel if they _(drive)a few more kilometers.(2)If the sun were to r
33、ise in the west,I _(lend)youthe money.had drivenwould lend原句 3The advantage is that if there is a new illness someof these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on theability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。The advanta
34、ge/disadvantage of.is that.的优点/不足 是 The drawback of.is that.的缺点是 The problem of.is that.的问题是 The chance is that.有可能 运用完成句子，每空一词(1)由于我们队余下的比赛不太难，因此我们队在结束时有可能名列前茅。Thechanceisthat_ _ _ _ our team will finishat the top,as our remaining matches arent too difficult.(2)汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。The_ _ of the pop
35、ularity of cars _ _it brings about so much air pollution.drawbackisthat(3)住在你所就读的大学宿舍里的优势在于如果你有问题可以得到帮助。Theadvantageofisthat_ _ _ using your universityaccommodation _ _ you can get support if youhave a problem.运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来Nowadays,the biotechnology of cloning has given rise towidespread
36、 1._(concerned)and controversy；peoplesopinions 2._(different)widely as to that.Those who are3._ favour of cloning claim that human beings may4._(beneficial)from it basing on the facts that it can beused to produce 5._(cure)for serious illnesses in humansand plants of similar quality for sales and to
37、 help save 6._concerndifferinbenefitcuresendangeredawithstronglyto forbid(endanger)animals as well.While others firmly hold cloning willinduce 7._ series of problems.For example,animal clonesmay develop the illnesses of older animals to die younger than thedonators and some evil leaders may want to clone themselves8._ the aid of the technology of cloning.Personally,I am9._(strong)opposed to human cloning andthe government should introduce laws 10._(forbid)itbefore it is too late.