1、Unit 3A healthy life核心单词abusestressstressfulstressed1._ n.&vt.滥用；虐待2._ n.压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张_adj.产生压力的；紧张的_ adj.焦虑不安的；感到有压力的bandue3._ vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；谴责4._ adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的addictedaddictaddiction5._ adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的_ n.有瘾的人vt.使沉溺；使上瘾_ n.沉溺；嗜好6._ vt.使习惯于_ adj.惯常的；习惯了的7._ adj.无意识的；自动的_adv.无意识地；自动地accustomaccus
2、tomed8._ adj.精神的；智力的_ adv.精神上；智力上automaticautomaticallymentalmentally9._ n.结果；效力effect10._ adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的_n.健康_ adj.健康的；合适的unfitfitnessfit11._ vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强_n.力量；力气_ adj.强壮的12._ adj.绝望的；拼命的strengthenstrength13._ adj.失望的；沮丧的_ adj.令人失望的_ vt.使失望；使扫兴_n.失望disappointeddisappointingdisappointdisap
3、pointmentstrongdesperate14._ adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 _ n.羞 愧_ adj.可耻的_ adj.无耻的；厚颜的15._ n.理解(力)16._ adj.不合法的；违法的_ adj.合法的17._ n.幸存_ v.幸存；生还18._ n.偏见；成见19._ n.看法；判决；判断_ v.判断20._ adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的_v.(使)尴尬_ n.尴尬21._ adj.局促不安的；笨拙的awkwardashamedshameshamefulshamelesscomprehensionillegallegalsurvivalsurviveprejudicejudge
4、mentjudgeembarrassedembarrassembarrassment常考短语dueaddicted1._ to 由于2.be _ to 对有瘾3.be _ to 习惯于4._ on 对作出决定5._ like(doing)想要(做)6.in_ of 不顾；不管accustomeddecidefeelspiterisksriskgetathaveeffect7.take _(a _)冒险8._ into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)9._ risk 处境危险；遭受危险10._ an _ on 对有影响11._ away 扔掉throw经典佳句Itseemsamazingthat1._ _
5、 _ _ at my age I amstill fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑 20 公里，感到惊讶吧。2._ _ _，if you do the same thingover and over again,you begin to do it automatically.正如你所知，如果你反复做同一件事情，你就会开始自动地去做。AsyouknowIdohopeso3._ _ _ _ because I wantyou to live as long and healthy a
6、 life as I have.我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样健康长寿。managed4.It is not easy to stop smoking,but millions have _to quit and _ _ _.戒烟不容易，但几百万人都成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。socanyou5.You can tell by looking at someone _ _ they have HIV.你可以通过观察一个人是否携带 HIV来辨别。whetherornot课文回顾addictedhavingmentallywhenJames grandfather wrote to
7、help James quit smoking.Jamesgrandfather once became 1._(addict)to cigarettes in threeways.His body was accustomed to 2._(have)nicotine.Hebegan to do it automatically and became 3._(mental)addicted.But he finally managed to stop 4._ realizing theharmful 5._(effect)of it.He also told James that smoki
8、ng6._ damage to heart and lungs and it was more 7._(difficulty)for smoking couples to become pregnant.8._ hegave James some advice and encouraged him not to be9._(disappoint).If he kept 10._(try),hewould succeed eventually.effectsdiddifficultSodisappointedtrying单句语法填空1.(2019 年北京卷阅读理解 A)They are extr
9、emely importantin the safe and _(effect)running of our programmes.2.(2017 年江苏卷 阅读理解 D)The loss of glaciers(冰川)there due _ global warming represents an enormous threat toagriculture.effectivetoaddictedaddictive3.Toms parents are worried that he is _ to thecomputer games which are _ to children.(addic
10、t)4.The man had so little education that he was _(fit)for this job.unfitembarrassingembarrassed5.Faced with such an _ matter,she really felt_.(embarrass)6.Im _(shame)to admit that Ive never watchedany of his movies.ashamedstrengthen7.(2019 年新课标卷阅读理解 D)The likables plays-well-with-others qualities _(
11、strong)schoolyard friendships,jump start interpersonal skills and,when tapped early,areemployed ever after in life and work.stressfulstressedawkwardrisks8.After a _ week of work,all the employees wereextremely _ and tired.(stress)9.(2019 年新课标卷 阅读理解 C)There was a time whenpeople may have felt _(awkwa
12、rdly)about asking fora table for one,but those days are over.10.You have no right to take _(risk)with our profits.1.stress n.压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张lay/put/place stress on 把重点放在上；强调 under stress 在压力之下under the stress of 为所迫 stress the importance of 强调的重要性 stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的(一般指物)stressed adj.感到有压力的(一般
13、指人)写作佳句I support Susans opinion completely that as a good gift,weought to lay stress on the givers heart rather than its price.我完全同意苏珊的观点，一份好的礼物，我们应该看重送礼人的心意而不是礼物本身的价格。运用单句语法填空(1)(2018 年浙江卷阅读理解 A)Dickens is compared with theMona Lisa in the text _(stress)his importance inliterature.to stressstressed
14、under(2)Katy could think clearly when not _(stress).(3)We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his sonsillness had put him _ great stress.2.ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的be ashamed of sb.为某人羞愧be ashamed of oneself for doing.某人因做了而感到 羞愧be ashamed to do.耻于做；因做而羞愧 Its a shame/pity that.是令人遗憾的事。易混辨析ashamed
15、,shameful 和 shameless(1)ashamed 是指“感到羞耻的；觉得惭愧的”，表示主语主观认为可耻的，只能做表语。(2)shameful 表示事物本身的客观性质是“可耻的”，可做表语或定语。(3)shameless 意为“无耻的；没有廉耻的；不要脸的”。运用单句语法填空(1)He is ashamed _ his failure.(2)He was ashamed of himself _ being behind hiswork.offorshame(3)It is a _(shameful)that she isnt here to see it.3.effect n.结
16、果；效力have an effect/influence/impact on 对有影响put/bring/carry.into effect 付诸实施in effect 事实上；实际上take effect 生效；奏效come into effect 开始实施；开始生效side effect 副作用effective adj.有影响的；有效的易混辨析effect 和 affect(1)effect 做名词时，意为“结果；影响”；做动词时，意为“使发生；实现”，如：to effect a change/recovery/cure 产生变化/实现复苏/产生疗效。(2)affect 做动词时，意为“
17、影响；感染；侵袭”；做名词时，意为“情感；引起感情的因素”。运用单句语法填空(1)This regulation came _ effect from December 1st,2016.intooninto(2)(2018 年新课标卷七选五型阅读理解)They require abigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a morepowerful effect _ the feeling of a space.(3)It wont be easy to put the changes _ effect.4.risk n.冒险；风险v
18、t.冒风险；冒做某事的风险 at risk 处境危险；遭受危险at all risksat any risk 无论冒什么险，无论如何at ones own risk 由自己负责，自担风险at the risk of doing sth.冒着的危险 risk ones life 冒生命危险risk doing sth.冒险做 写作佳句 The soldier was willing to risk his life to save his motherland.为了挽救祖国，这个士兵宁愿冒牺牲他自己性命的危险。运用单句语法填空(1)You are taking a big risk in _(t
19、rust)him.(2)He decided to get there even _ the risk of his life.(3)Any man who smokes cigarettes is risking _(lose)his life.trustingatlosingsaving(4)(2018 年北京卷单项填空)A rescue worker risked his life_(save)two tourists who had been trapped in the mountainsfor two days.1.decide on 对作出决定decide to do 决定做 d
20、ecide for 作出对有利的决定 decide against doing 决定不做 make/come to/arrive at/reach a decision 作出决定联想发散decision n.决定decisive adj.决定性的；关键的decided adj.明白无误的；确实无问题的undecided adj.未拿定主意的；犹豫不决的运用单句语法填空(1)Even if you decide _ a career in science,its stillimportant to go to humanities classes.(2)He decided against _(
21、take)part in the Englishspeech contest.ontakingdecision(3)When its time to make a _(decide),my bossseems to solicit everyones opinion.2.feel like(doing)想要(做)would like to do sth.想要做某事would like sb.to do sth.希望/想要某人做某事用法指引feel like 的基本意义是“感觉像；摸起来像”。类 似的短语还有：seem like,look like,sound like 等，其中 like 都是
22、介词。运用单句语法填空(1)I wouldnt like to go for a walk.I feel like _(stay)at home reading this novel.(2)I would like you _(help)my brother with hisEnglish.stayingto helpto buy(3)I would like _(buy)a copy of the dictionary.3.in spite of 不顾；不管in spite of oneself 不由自主地in spite of the fact that(从句)尽管事实上 易混辨析in s
23、pite of,despite,though 和 although这四个词(组)意思相近，但 in spite of/despite 其后跟名词或动名词；而 though/although 是连词，引导让步状语从句。运用单句语法填空(1)In spite _ all his faults,he is still a good comrade.(2)In spite of the fact _ he was careful,he was alwaysin debt.ofthatin(3)I know whatever you try,youll win _ spite of earlydiffi
24、culties.4.get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)；着手get into trouble 惹上麻烦；陷入困境get into debt 负债累累get into the habit of 养成的习惯 get out of the habit of.戒掉的习惯 联想发散get across(使)通过；(使)被理解；(把)讲清楚get along with 进展；相处get away 逃脱；离开get over 克服困难；痊愈；爬过；越过get through 通过；接通电话get down to 开始做某事运用用适当的介词或副词填空(1)The girl has got _ the ha
25、bit of playing with her hairwhile reading.intoovertoaway(2)A smile can help us get _ difficult situations andfind friends in a world of strangers.(3)After Christmas Im going to get down _ someserious jobhunting.(4)I wont have you getting _ with cheating in theexam.原句 1 It seems amazing that at my ag
26、e I am still fit enough tocycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑 20 公里，感到惊讶吧。本句结构为：It seemsadj.that 引导的主语从句。it 做形式主语，指代的是后面的“at my age I am still fit enough to cycle20 kilometers in an afternoon”。引导主语从句的连词有：连接代词(whom,what,which 等)，连接副词(where,how 和 why)及从属连词 that/whether。运用单句语法填空
27、amazingWhatseemed(1)It seems _(amaze)that after class Jack stillstayed in the classroom to continue his reading.(2)_ amazes us is that we can get information aboutwhat is happening around the world in a few seconds online.(3)(2018 年北京卷阅读理解 D)The possibility of self-drivingrobot cars has often _(seem
28、)like a futurists dream,years away from materializing in the real world.原句 2I do hope so because I want you to live as long andhealthy a life as I have.我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样健康长寿。(1)该句中“I do hope so”为一种特殊形式的强调。“do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：句子是肯定句；句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。(2)该句中“as l
29、ong and healthy a life as I have”为比较结构，其句式为“asadj.a/ann.as.”，意为“和一样”。运用单句语法填空(1)To my great joy,the plant _(do)look exactly likewhat we were looking for.didas(2)As a matter of fact,getting rid of a bad habit is as mucheffort _ forming a good one.原句 3 It is not easy to stop smoking,but millions havem
30、anaged to quit and so can you.戒烟不容易，但几百万人都成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。句中的“so can you”为“sobe 动词/助动词/情态动词主语”结构，表示前面所述的情况也适用于后者。注意：(1)“Nor/Neither be 动词/助动词/情态动词主 语”，表示前面否定的陈述也适用于后者。(2)“So主语be 动词/助动词/情态动词”，表示对前面所述内容的进一步证实或肯定。运用单句语法填空(1)Mary is friendly to our classmates and so _ you.(2)My brother likes playing the p
31、iano and so _ I.(3)He wont go to the football match tonight.Neither _ I.(4)I heard Tom got the first prize in the contest.Yes.So he _.aredowilldid运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来In order to relax 1._(mentally)stress,many people,especially adolescents,get into 2._ habit of smoking.Theperson who begins to sm
32、oke will become 3._(addict)tocigarettes and eventually he will be accustomed to 4._(have)nicotine in his body.5._ is well known that smokingdoes harm to the health of 6._(smoke)as well as thepeople around,and a lot of people die of lung cancer and heartmentaltheaddictedhavingItsmokersdisease due to smoking.Whats worse,cigarettes,7._ arevery expensive,waste a lot of money and may cause fire.So it isnecessary for the government to reduce the 8._(produce)of tobacco and make smoking 9._(legal)so that smokerswill decide on 10._(quit)smoking.whichproductionillegalquitting