1、考点规范练2.阅读理解A(2018全国)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.So
2、me language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent
3、 centuries,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese ar
4、e increasingly taking over.At present,the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,often spoken by many people,while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only aro
5、und 200 languages;the Americas about 1,000;Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well ov
6、er 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150),Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a question-mark):none of thes
7、e seems to have much chance of survival.1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patterns.D.They were closely connected.2.Which of the following best explains“dominant”underlined in paragraph 2?A.Complex.B.
8、Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800.B.About 3,400.C.About 2,400.D.About 1,200.4.What is the main idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C.Human development results in
9、 fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution.BAs a student,I thought English was easy to learn but then I did not like our teacher,so I didnt pay much attention to it.Little did I know then how much English would be a part of my life one day.Many years later,I was the branch manager of
10、 a company in Germany.Communication with a lot of people from different countries was just one of many daily tasks.I was having no problem understanding and communicating with any of them with one big exception:my boss is from England and English,spoken by British people,will always be my biggest ch
11、allenge.In 1998,I moved to the Bahamas.And I realized I was lost when it came to small talk.Fortunately,it did not take me long to have personal conversations.About a year after my move,I realized that I even started dreaming in English and all my thoughts came in English as well.Its kind of funny w
12、hen you experience that,especially since I lived most of my life in Germany.Three years ago I met my husband,who is from Liverpool.The first couple of months I had headaches just from concentrating so hard on what he was saying.One part of our conversations in the beginning of our relationship becam
13、e famous in our circle of friends.Let me share it with you:Here we are,sitting on the sofa,having a nice conversation and during that conversation he asked me,“Honey,how many holes do you have in your ear?”A weird(怪异的) question,I thought but answered anyway.“Three in my left and two holes in my righ
14、t ear,my dear.”I had not even finished my sentence when he broke out in fits of laughter.When he finally caught his breath,he said,“Honey,my question was how many holidays do you have in a year?”and started laughing again.Even though I have lived and worked in an English speaking country now for ove
15、r eight years,there are still words I dont know.There are still times when I cant find the right word to express myself.5.When the author was young,she .A.liked her English teacherB.didnt try very hard to learn EnglishC.didnt think English was easy to learnD.believed English was important to her6.Af
16、ter the author came to the Bahamas,she .A.failed to dream in EnglishB.tried to learn business EnglishC.found it difficult to make small talkD.found she was good at personal conversations7.Why did the authors husband laugh?A.She told a funny story.B.She misheard his question.C.He saw her strange earh
17、oles.D.He misunderstood her answer.8.Which can be the best title for the text?A.Challenges of acquiring EnglishB.How to learn English efficientlyC.The importance of learning EnglishD.How my husband taught me English.七选五阅读HowtoRememberWhatYouReadReading is important.But the next step is making sure t
18、hat you remember what youve read!1 You may have just read the text,but the ideas,concepts and images(形象) may fly right out of your head.Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.2If the plot,characters,or word usage is confusing for you,you likely wont be able to remember what you read.Its
19、 a bit like reading a foreign language.If you dont understand what youre reading,how would you remember it?But there are a few things you can do.Use a dictionary;look up the difficult words.Are you connected?Does a character remind you of a friend?Does the setting make you want to visit the place?Do
20、es the book inspire you,and make you want to read more?With some books,you may feel a connection right away.3 How willing are you to make the connections happen?Read it;hear it;be it!Read the lines.Then,speak them out loud.And,put some characters into the words.When he was writing his novels,Charles
21、 Dickens would act out the parts of the characters.Hed make faces in the mirror,and change his voice for each character.4How often do you read?If you read frequently,youll likely have an easier time with remembering what youre reading(and what youve read).5 As you make reading a regular part of your
22、 life,youll make more connections,stay more focused and understand the text better.Youll learn to enjoy literatureas you remember what you read!A.Are you confused?B.Practice makes perfect.C.Whats your motivation?D.Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.E.Marking helps you remember what you read.F.But ot
23、her books require a bit more work on your part.G.You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!.短文改错In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise,our school organized a mountain climbing activity on April 10.Hundreds us took part in it.It was a nice day.At 8:00 am,we gathered
24、 at the feet of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits.All a way we were chatting,singing and laughing,enjoyed the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.While some fell behind,others would come and offer help.About two hours later,we both reached the top.Bathed in the sunshine,we jump
25、ed or cheered with joy.The activity benefited to us a lot.Not only did it get us closely to nature and give us relaxation from heavy schoolwork,but it also promoted the friendship among us.How a wonderful time!考点规范练2(必修1Unit2).【解题导语】本文是说明文。在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,语种众多。但是随着工业化、贸易、全球化等的发展,许多语种消失了。1.B推理判断题。根据第一段
26、中的“Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers.theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.”可知,在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,人们使用的语言种类很多。2.C词义猜测题。根据上文提到的“allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear”和下文的“.suchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.”可知,英语、西班牙语和汉语正在逐渐取代一些语言。由此可猜测该词的意思是“占优势的”,所以选C项。3.B细节理解题。
27、根据第三段的第一句“Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.”和最后一句中的“.isamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知,B项正确。4.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知,在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,语种众多。但是随着工业化、贸易、全球化等的发展,许多语种消失了。由此可知,人类的发展导致了语种的减少,所以选C项。【解题导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己学生时代和成人以后学习英语的过程。5.B细节理解题。由第一段中的“.IthoughtE
28、nglishwaseasytolearnbutthenIdidnotlikeourteacher,soIdidntpaymuchattentiontoit.”可知,作者年轻时没有很努力地学习英语。6.C细节理解题。由第三段中的“.IrealizedIwaslostwhenitcametosmalltalk.”可知,作者来到巴哈马后发现自己不太会用英语闲聊。7.B推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Honey,myquestionwashowmanyholidaysdoyouhaveinayear?”可知,作者的丈夫之所以大笑是因为作者听错了他的问题,导致答非所问。8.A标题归纳题。本文主要讲作者工作
29、和结婚后常常用到英语,总会遇到各种挑战,故A项最恰当。.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何记忆读过的文章给出了几个小诀窍。1.D空后的意思是“你或许刚刚读完一篇文章,但大意、概念和形象可能从你的大脑中丢失”。根据转折词but可知,前后语意相反,刚刚读完文章,就会忘记,那么记忆有时就是件很“棘手的(tricky)”事。2.A空格单独一行,且与下面的标题句并列,由此推断,该句应为概括性语句,再结合下文的“confusing”和“dontunderstandwhatyourereading”可知,本段是对产生的“困惑”给出小诀窍,故A项为最佳选项。3.F根据空格前面内容可知,读书需要建立联系,
30、有些书,你或许马上能建立联系。空格后句意为“你有多大的意愿去建立这些联系?”此处表示转折,而且前面用“somebooks”,后面通常会有“other”之类的词与之对应。F项“Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.”符合语境。4.G空格位于段末,根据文章的写作思路推测,此处应是段落总结性的句子,再分析空格前的内容可知,该段主要讲了读书的活动,所以G项“你读书时也可以这样做!”符合语境。5.B空格前一句“如果经常阅读,你会更容易记住你正在读(和读过的内容)”,空格后一句“如果让阅读成为你日常生活的一部分,你就会建立更多的联系,更加专注于阅读,同时能够
31、更好地理解文章”,通过frequently,regular等词汇推知,要多阅读,才能记住文章。此处B项“熟能生巧”符合语境。.Inordertoencouragethestudentstotakeoutdoorexercise,ourschoolorganizedamountainclimbingactivityonApril10.Hundredsofus took part in it.It was a nice day.At 8:00 am,we gathered at the feetfootof Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in hi
32、gh spirits.All atheway we were chatting,singing and laughing,enjoyedenjoyingthe fresh air and the beautiful scenery.WhileWhensome fell behind,others would come and offer help.About two hours later,we bothallreached the top.Bathed in the sunshine,we jumped orandcheered with joy.The activity benefited to us a lot.Not only did it get us closelycloseto nature and give us relaxation from heavy schoolwork,but it also promoted the friendship among us.HowWhata wonderful time!
