1、考点01阅读理解2020-2021年高一英语专题同步精练学案：（1）贵州省思南中学2020-2021学年高一5月月考英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。ATheres no substitute for taking an English course in a high quality language school in an English-speaking country. ESL-lounge Student has partnered with some of the best language schools in t
2、he UK. Choose a school from below. We can offer discounts on English courses!Burlington School, LondonBurlington School is located in Parsons Green, 15 minutes by underground from the centre of London. Our standard of teaching is high, with course in General and Specialist English. The coffee bar is
3、 open all day serving freshly-cooked meals, and the school organizes a range of social activities to complement (补充) the classes. Students live either in homestays or in one of our hostels.See Burlington School courses and save 10%.University of Liverpool, English Language CentreYou can have confide
4、nce in the University of Liverpool, which is ranked in the top 10% of higher education institutions worldwide. While studying here, you will benefit from modern and dynamic English teaching methods in small classes of fewer than 16 students.See University of Liverpool courses and save 12%.Interactiv
5、e English School, BrightonWe are a small friendly school. Being a small school means we can cater for your individual needs more easily than larger schools can. All of our teachers are native speakers, qualified and experienced. Our prices are very affordable and start from 60 per week for full-time
6、 courses of 20 lessons.See Interactive English School courses and save 7%.New School of English, CambridgeThe New School of English is located in the beautiful city of Cambridge. The school is open all year and provides a range of English courses for adults from all over the world (minimum age 16).
7、These courses cover General English as well as courses for professional looking to focus on specific topic areas. They have a range of accommodation choices for students.See New School of English courses and save 5%.1What can we know about Burlington School?AIt is open all year.BIt is located in Lon
8、don.CIt provides no accommodation.DIt offers no social practice classes.2How is New School of English different from the others?AIt sets a strict age limit.BIts accommodation is optional.CIts teachers are qualified and experienced.DIt offers General and Specialist English courses.3Who would be inter
9、ested in the schools?AEnglish professors.BNative English speakers.CForeign English learners.DStaff of ESL-lounge Student.【答案】1B2A3C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国四所语言学校培训的相关信息。1细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Burlington School is located in Parsons Green, 15 minutes by underground from the centre of London. Burlington Scho
10、ol位于帕森斯格林，从伦敦市中心乘地铁15分钟即可到达。由此可知，Burlington School位于伦敦。故选B。2细节理解题。分析文章以及文章最后一段中The school is open all year and provides a range of English courses for adults from all over the world (minimum age 16). 学校全年开放，为来自世界各地的成年人提供一系列英语课程(最低年龄16岁)。只有New School of English对年龄有限制。故选A。3推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Theres no subs
11、titute for taking an English course in a high quality language school in an English-speaking country. ESL-lounge Student has partnered with some of the best language schools in the UK. 在讲英语的国家，在高质量的语言学校学习英语是不可替代的。ESL-lounge学生与英国一些最好的语言学校合作。由此可知，外国英语学习者会对这些学校感兴趣。故选C。BIf you could have one superpower,
12、 what would it be?Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength may sound silly, but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.Every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to impr
13、ove the world.They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make a difference in the lives of others.Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor. Your lives are busy enough doing homework, playing sports, making friends, seeking after you
14、r dreams. But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do, dont be a bystand
15、er. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when youre older. But why not start now?Our own experience working together on health, development, and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives. It has changed who we are and con
16、tinues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.4What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?AYour life style.BYour life value.CYour trouble in life.DYour life experience.5Why does the author say they are inspired every day?AThey p
17、ossess different kinds of superpowers.BThey have got the power to change the world.CSome people around them are making the world better.DThere are many powerful people in their life and work.6What does the author stress in Paragraph 5?ALearning more and contributing more to a cause.BRising above sel
18、f and acting to help others.CWorking hard to get a bigger opportunity.DTrying your best to help the poor.7What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AThe author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.BMuch more progress will be made in the near future.CThe work on health is the most val
19、uable experience.DPeoples efforts have been materially rewarded.【答案】4B5C6B7A【解析】【分析】这是一篇论说文。本文以虚拟语气的问句形式开头，鼓励人们奉献自己的一些时间和精力去帮助别人，最穷人的生活将会变得更好。4词句猜测题。根据第二段Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength may sound silly, but it actually gets to the h
20、eart of what really matters in your life.可知，梦想着能读懂别人心思，看穿墙，或者拥有超能力，这些可能听起来很荒唐，但是实际上它是你生活的价值的核心。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出，划线词的意思是“你的生活价值”故选B。5细节理解题。根据第三段Every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.可知每天在我们的工作中，我们会受到一些人的鼓舞，他们在做一些特别的事情来改善世界。所以故选C。6推理
21、判断题。根据第五段But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do, dont be a bystande
22、r. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when youre older.可知，但是我们认为，当你把一些时间和精力投入到比自己更大的事情上时，你可以过上更有精力的的生活。找到一个你感兴趣的问题并去了解更多。志愿者或者其它，如果可以的话，为一项事业捐一点钱。无论你做什么，不要做旁观者。参与进来。随着你的成长，你会为别人的生活带来影响。所以判断出作者在第五段强调，要提升自己，行动起来帮助别人。故选B。7推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句It has changed who we are
23、 and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.可知，它改变了我们的身份，并继续让我们对未来几年最贫困人口的生活状况的将改善持乐观态度。由此判断出作者相信穷人的生活将会变得更好。故选A。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理判断题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案
24、：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude indicate等标志性词语。这种题型主要包括态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题等。比如第7小题就是推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.可知，它改变了我们的
25、身份，并继续让我们对未来几年最贫困人口的生活状况的将改善持乐观态度。由此判断出作者相信穷人的生活将会变得更好。故选A。CMothers Day is a time of memory and celebration for Mom. The earliest Mothers Day celebrations date back to ancient Greece in honour of Rhea, the Mother of Gods. During the 1600s, England celebrated a day called “mothering Sunday”. Celebrat
26、ed on the fourth Sunday of Lent(四旬斋)，“mothering Sunday” honoured the mothers England.During the time many of the Englands poor worked as servants for the wealthy.AS most jobs were located far from their homes, the servants would live at the houses of their employers. On Mothering Sunday, the servant
27、s would have the day off and were encouraged to return home and spend the day with their mothers. A special cake, called the mothering cake, was often brought along.As Christianity(基督教) spread throughout Europe, the celebration changed to honour the “Mother Church”-the spiritual power that gave them
28、 life and protected them from harm. Over time the church festival combined with mothering Sunday celebration. People began honouring their mothers as well as the church.In the United States Mothers Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe as a day devoted to peace. Then in 1907 Ana Jarvis,
29、 from Philadelphia, began a campaign(运动) to establish a national Mothers Day. Ms Jarvis persuaded her mothers church in Grafton, Virginia to celebrate Mothers Day on the second anniversary of her mothers death, the 2nd day Sunday of May. By the next year Mothers Day was also celebrated in Philadelph
30、ia.Ms Jarvis and her supporters began to write to ministers, businessmen, and politicians demanding to establish a national Mothers Day. It was successful as by 1911 Mothers Day was celebrated in almost every state. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement that Mothers Day w
31、as a national holiday and it was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.While many countries of the world celebrate their own Mothers Day at different times throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mothe
32、rs Day on the 2nd Sunday of May.8What is the authors purpose in writing the first paragraph?ATo raise questions.BTo introduce the topic.CTo interest readers.DTo solve problems.9The earliest Mothers Day was celebrated to_.Amark the birth of GreeceBprepare for the autumn harvestChonour the Mother of G
33、odsDhonour the mothers of England10The fourth and fifth paragraphs mainly talk about_.Athe feast of Mothers Day in the U.S.Bthe origin of Mothers Day in the U.S.Cthe development of Mothers Day in the U.S.Dthe celebration of Mothers Day in the U.S.11The passage is intended to_.Agive readers some info
34、rmationBpersuade readersCreport a storyDamuse readers【答案】8B9C10B11A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。主要介绍母亲节的来历及庆祝方式。8推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者写第一段的目的就是为了引入本文的主题：母亲节。分析选项可知B项符合题意。9细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The earliest Mothers Day celebrations date back to ancient Greece in honour of Rhea, the Mother of Gods.”，可知，最早的母亲节庆祝活动可以追溯到古希腊，以纪念众神之
35、母瑞亚。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C项。10推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段的内容可知，在美国，母亲节是Julia Ward Howe在1872首次提出的，在1907，来自费城的安娜贾维斯开始了一个运动来建立一个全国性的母亲节，第二年，费城也庆祝了母亲节。1914年总统正式宣布母亲节是一个全国性的节日。由此可推断出这两段是讲述美国母亲节的由来，分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B项。11推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了母亲节的来历，是给读者一些关于母亲节的信息。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。【点睛】本篇阅读理解中的第3小题是推理判断题。推理判断题要根据事实细节，推断出合理信息。推理题
36、要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。如第3小题以第四和五段的内容可推断出正确的答案。DEducation officials and industry experts are debating the future of online learning. The dis
37、cussion is important because hundreds of universities in the United States have recently moved classes online because of the spread of the novel coronavirus（冠状病毒）.For Asha Choksi, the rise of Internet-based or online study programs has led to major improvements in higher education. “Its actually giv
38、en a lot more power to students in terms of how, when and where they learn,” the head of research for Pearson Education said.Classes meet online through video conferencing. In this way, students are able to communicate with each other and their professors even when they are far away from school. How
39、ever, recent research suggests the majority of college students and professors prefer in-person instruction, because they are concerned that companies supervising（监管）online learning programs are not clear about the policies the schools have.“Students see in-class lectures as opportunities to engage
40、with instructors, peers, and content.” the researchers wrote. In-person learning is especially important in fields like healthcare and teaching. Online education can never really take its place, said Stephanie Hall, a fellow with the independent policy research group The Century Foundation. “Student
41、s need to experience.what theyre learning about, reading about or hearing about in the classroom. And I dont know yet the degree to which technology can facilitate that.”“When schools make agreements with online program managers to run their online programs, they often do not make important informat
42、ion available to students,” Hall said. This includes how much control the company has over the design of the program or whether the teacher leading the classes was involved in their design. In addition, many colleges and universities advertise online programs as a low cost opportunity for students.
43、But in some cases, students attending in-person classes get financial aid and online students do not.12What does Choksi think of the online study programs?AThey offer students more choices in study.BThey reform the countrys education system.CThey provide advanced scientific knowledge.DThey promote t
44、he development of technology.13According to most college students and professors, whats the advantage of in-person learning?AIt is convenient.BIt costs less to study.CIt can better meet school policies.DIt can improve students communication skills.14What does the underlined word “facilitate” probabl
45、y mean in paragraph 4?AchangeBapplyCachieveDcontrol15What is Halls attitude towards online education?AHopeful.BCritical.CUncaring.DNeutral.【答案】12A13C14C15B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了由于新冠病毒的传播，美国学校开始线上课程，但是线上课程有利有弊。教育专家就此展开讨论。12推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Its actually given a lot more power to students in terms of ho
46、w, when and where they learn,” “实际上，它在学生如何、何时、在哪里学习方面赋予了他们更多的权力，”。由此可知，Choksi 认为线上教育给学生提供了很多选择。结合选项，故选A。13推理判断题。根据文章第三段中However, recent research suggests the majority of college students and professors prefer in-person instruction, because they are concerned that companies supervising（监管）online lear
47、ning programs are not clear about the policies the schools have.然而，最近的研究表明，大多数大学生和教授更喜欢面授式教学，因为他们担心负责监督在线学习项目的公司不清楚学校的政策。由此可知，学生和教授倾向于面授课的原因是可以更好的贯彻学习政策。结合选项，故选C。14词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Students see in-class lectures as opportunities to engage with instructors, peers, and content.” the researchers wrote.
48、 In-person learning is especially important in fields like healthcare and teaching. Online education can never really take its place.“学生将课堂讲座视为与教师、同伴和内容交流的机会。” 研究人员写道。 面授学习在医疗和教学等领域尤其重要。 独立政策研究组织世纪基金会(the century foundation)的研究员斯蒂芬妮 霍尔(stephanie hall)表示，网络教育永远不可能真正取代它的地位。 由此可知，学生们需要体验他们在课堂上学到的，阅读的或听
49、到的东西。但是网络教育不知道什么时候能实现这一点。故划线词 “facilitate” 应意为“实现”。结合选项，故选C。15推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“When schools make agreements with online program managers to run their online programs, they often do not make important information available to students,” Hall said. This includes how much control the company has over th
50、e design of the program or whether the teacher leading the classes was involved in their design. In addition, many colleges and universities advertise online programs as a low cost opportunity for students. But in some cases, students attending in-person classes get financial aid and online students
51、 do not.霍尔说: “当学校与在线项目经理达成协议来运行他们的在线项目时，他们通常不会向学生提供重要的信息。”。 这包括公司对程序的设计有多大的控制权，或者领导班级的老师是否参与了他们的设计。 此外，许多学院和大学宣传在线课程是为学生提供低成本的机会。 但在某些情况下，参加面授课程的学生可以得到经济资助，而在线课程的学生则得不到。由此可知，Hall并不支持在线教育。故选B。（2）河北省沧州市第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期第三次月考英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。ACoronaviruses(冠状病毒) are a
52、 large group of viruses. They consist of a core of genetic material(遗传物质) surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes(蛋白棘突). This gives it the appearance of a crown. Crown in Latin is called “corona” and thats how these viruses get their name. In this text, well take a quick look at whats currentl
53、y known about the virus.Covid-2019The 2019 Novel Coronavirus, first reported December in Wuhan, central Chinas Hubei Province, has quickly spread across the country and around the world. It initially occurred in a group of people with pneumonia(肺炎) whod been associated with a seafood and live animal
54、 market in the city of Wuhan.Intermediate hosts: The Covid-2019 may originate in bats, a team led by renowned Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli said earlier, while the intermediary host remains unknown.Incubation period(潜伏期): usually 1-14 days.Infection: Virus may spread before symptoms show.SARS-CoVTh
55、e Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus was first identified in China in 2003 .Intermediate hosts: Bats are the original host. Civet cats serve as an important intermediary that carries virus from the winged mammal to humans.Incubation period: 2-7 days.Infection: Virus spread after sy
56、mptoms show.MERS-CoVThe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS中东呼吸综合征) coronavirus was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012.Intermediate hosts: MERS-CoV was travelled from dromedary camel to humans.Incubation period: 2-14 days.Infection: Virus may spread before symptoms show.21What might be the
57、intermediate hosts of the Covid-2019?ABats.BMosquitoesCCamel.DUnknown yet.22Which kind of coronaviruses spreads after symptoms appear?ASARS-CoV.BMERS-CoV.CThe Covid-2019.DAll Coronaviruses.23What can we learn about coronaviruses ?ABats are to blame for the outbreak of all the three coronaviruses.BTh
58、e Covid-2019, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are all listed as coronaviruses.CMers-Cov were first identified in China.DSARS-Cov has a longer incubation period than Mers-cov.【答案】21D22A23B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了包括新型冠状病毒在内的三种影响较大的冠状病毒。21细节理解题。根据Covid-2019部分第二段“Intermediate hosts: The Covid-2019 may originate in b
59、ats, a team led by renowned Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli said earlier, while the intermediary host remains unknown.”可知，虽然研究表明可能是蝙蝠，但中间宿主究竟是什么还不清楚。故选D项。22细节理解题。根据SARS-CoV部分第四段“Infection: Virus spread after symptoms show.”可知，SARS病毒在携带者表现出症状后才会传播。故选A项。23细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In this text, well take a quick
60、 look at whats currently known about the virus.”可知，本文的内容就是介绍目前了解到的冠状病毒的情况，所以文中列举出的三种病毒都隶属于冠状病毒。故选B项。【点睛】细节理解题是阅读理解中最常见的题型，考生需要清楚，文章中心是论点，事实细节就是论据或主要理由，细节理解题就是有关文章细节的问题，常对文中某个词语、句子、段落的细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。常用且比较稳妥的方法是排除干扰项，细节理解题中的干扰项一般分为范围过大或过小、偷换概念、正误并存等类型，可逐句在文中寻找根据加以甄别。第3小题中，A选项“三种冠状病毒的爆发
61、都归咎于蝙蝠”显然是错误结论，C选项“MERS病毒是在中国首次出现”与原文中“在沙特阿拉伯首次发现”不符，D选项“SARS比MERS的潜伏期更久”也可以对照Incubation period一栏排除掉，这样也可以得出正确答案。BMy daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up to situations, and is hesitant to try new things. But this has been a year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a n
62、ew sense of confidence. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she completed her first kids triathlon (三项全能).On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my sons birthday par
63、ty later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon. We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her, we got all the equipment shed need, and we kept talking about the race. But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to fi
64、nish before her turn, she held my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times. She was nervous but trying to keep it together.And then it was her turn. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart soared. My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had
65、ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life. It wasnt because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and conqu
66、ered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadnt seen before.I kept looking at her with smile. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day. I won the chance to see my girl shine.24What can we learn from Paragraph 2?AThe race began in the early morning.BKelly prepared for
67、her brothers birthday party.CKelly was eager for her turn in the race.DThe whole family gave Kelly support.25Seeing Kellys performance in the race, the author felt_.Aworried and hesitantBexcited and proudCanxious and uneasyDcurious and concerned26In Paragraph 4, the underlined word “conquered” proba
68、bly means_.Ato succeed in dealing with or control somethingBto take control of an area and its people by forceCto become very popular or successful in a placeDto defeat someone especially in a competition27In the ending paragraphs the author felt like “I won that day” because Kelly_.Aexpressed love
69、to herBwon the gold medalCovercame the fearDtook part in the sport【答案】24D25B26A27C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的女儿今年完成了她的第一次儿童铁人三项，作者为女儿的变化感到骄傲的故事。24推理判断题。根据第二段“On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my sons birthday party later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to p
70、articipate in her first triathlon. We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her, we got all the equipment shed need, and we kept talking about the race.”（周六，暴风雨即将来临，我儿子的生日聚会也会在当天晚些时候举行，我们所有人都在早上天黑的时候出发，为了Kelly参加的第一次三项全能。我们和她一起练习从游泳到骑车到跑步之间的过渡，我们准备了她需要的所有装备，我们一直在谈论这场比赛。）可推知，全家人都在支持Kelly
71、参加比赛。故选D。25推理判断题。根据第三段“From the second she jumped into the water, my heart soared. My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.”（从她跳进水里那一刻，我的心飞起来了。我的女儿变成了一个我从来没见过
72、的、最自信的人。她在游泳中占据优势，在骑行中领先，脸上带着最大的笑容跑向终点。）和第四段“I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life.”（我可以诚实地说，在我整个生命中，我从没为某个人感到如此骄傲。）可知，作者看到Kelly比赛中的表现时，她感到兴奋和自豪。故选B。26词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I
73、 hadnt seen before.”（是因为她害怕某些事，但是她用我之前没见过的自信和激情conquered这份恐惧。）可知，此处指Kelly用信心和激情克服了恐惧。因此猜测conquered意为“克服，对付”。故选A。27推理判断题。根据最后一段“I kept looking at her with smile. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day. I won the chance to see my girl shine.”（我一直微笑着看着她。她可能带着决赛奖牌，但我却感觉那天
74、是我赢了。我赢得了看到我的女儿发光的样子的机会。）可知，作者有这种自己赢得感觉是因为看到女儿Kelly克服了恐惧。故选C。【点睛】阅读理解中的常出现推理判断题有逻辑推理、只是判断等。这类考题常出现的词有：learn from, infer, indicate等。进行逻辑推理时，根据文章中所陈述的事实、例证等进行推理，得出合乎逻辑的推理。如第一小题，题干关键词“learn from”，通过阅读第二自然段，可知，第二段描写了一家人为Kelly比赛做准备的一系列活动，从而推出全家支持Kelly的结论，得出正确答案。CWeve all been there: in a lift, in line at
75、 the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.Whats the problem? Its possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. Its more likely that none of us start a conversation
76、because its awkward and challenging, or we think its annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy,
77、but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnteven exist if it werent for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. Almost every great love story and each big bu
78、siness deal begins with small talk, he explains. The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to s
79、eek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. Its not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husb
80、and, says Dunn. But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts w
81、ith small talk. Small talk is the basis of good manners, he says.28What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?AAddiction to smartphones.BInappropriate behaviours in public places.CAbsence of communication between strangers.DImpatience with slow service.29What is important for successful sma
82、ll talk according to Carducci?AShowing good manners. BRelating to other people.CFocusing on a topic. DMaking business deals.30What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?AIt improves family relationships. BIt raises peoples confidence.CIt matters as much as a formal talk. DIt makes peop
83、le feel good.31What is the best title for the text?AConversation Counts BWays of Making Small TalkCBenefits of Small Talk DUncomfortable Silence【答案】28 C 29 B 30 D 31 C 【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。在当今社会，人们在公共场合或沉迷于智能手机，或与不舒服的沉默抗争，陌生人之间缺乏沟通。但人与人之间是需要适当的交谈闲聊的，闲聊是人际关系社会交往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好处。28主旨大意题。题干问的是：第一段描述了什么现象。在公
84、共场合（比如在电梯里，在银行排队，或在飞机上）人们深深地专注于他们的智能手机，或者更糟糕的是，与不舒服的沉默抗争。有此可知，陌生人之间缺乏沟通。A项意为：沉迷于智能手机。B项意为：在公共场所不适当的行为。C项意为：陌生人之间缺乏沟通。D项意为：对缓慢的服务不耐烦。故选C项。29推理判断题。题干问得是对于Carducci来说，成功的闲聊中重要的是什么。根据第三段最后一句“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them”（成功闲聊的关键是学
85、习如何与他们交流，而不仅仅是与他们沟通。）由此推断C符合题意。A项意为：表现出良好的礼貌。B项意为：与他人有关的。C项意为：专注于一个话题。D项意为：做商业交易。故选B项。30推理判断题。题干问的是：咖啡店的研究对闲聊有什么建议。根据第四段的调查结果可知，那些与服务员聊天的人，有显著的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。由此可知，D项符合题意。A项意为：闲聊改善了家庭关系。B项意为：闲聊提高了人们的信心。C项意为：闲聊和正式谈话一样重要。D项意为：闲聊让人感觉很好。故选D项。31主旨大意题。整篇文章刚开始介绍了社会的现象（公共场合人们沉迷于智能手机，陌生人之间缺乏沟通交流），接着分析了这一问题的原因，
86、接下来有专家对闲聊进行了研究，最后得出结论，闲聊都有什么样的好处。A项意为：谈话很重要。B项意为：闲聊的方法。C项意为：闲聊的好处。D项意为：不舒服的沉默。故选C项。【点睛】我们在做阅读理解时，尽量找出每段的主讲内容（可能是一句话或是一个短语），这样有利于整篇文章的把握，有利于做文章大意题。如35题，很显然本文讲的不是重要性也不是方法更不是沉默，所以ABD都可以轻松排除。DPigeons in London have a bad reputation. Some people call them flying rats. And many blame them for causing poll
87、ution with their droppings. But now the birds are being used to fight another kind of pollution in this city of 8.5 million.“The problem for air pollution is that its been largely ignored as an issue for a long time,” says Andrea Lee, who works for the London-based environmental organization Client
88、Earth. “People dont realize how bad it is, and how it actually affects their health.” Londons poor air quality is linked to nearly 10,000 early deaths a year. Lee says, citing(引用)a report released by the city manager last year. If people were better informed about the pollution they re breathing, sh
89、e says, they could pressure the government to do something about it.Nearby, on a windy hill in Londons Regents Park, an experiment is underway that could helpthe first week of flights by the Pigeon Air Patrol. It all began when Pierre Duquesnoy, the director for DigitasLBi, a marketing firm, won a L
90、ondon Design Festival contest last year to show how a world problem could be solved using Twitter. Duquesnoy, from France, chose the problem of air pollution.“Basically, I realized how important the problem was,” he says. “But also I realized that most of the people around me didnt know anything abo
91、ut it.” Duquesnoy says he wants to better measure pollution, while at the same time making the results accessible to the public through Twitter.“So”, he wondered, “how could we go across the city quickly collecting as much data as possible?” Drones were his first thought. But its illegal to fly them
92、 over London. “But pigeons can fly above London, right?” he says. “They liveactually, they are Londoners as well. So, yeah, I thought about using pigeons equipped with mobile apps. And we can use not just street pigeons, but racing pigeons, because they fly pretty quickly and pretty low.”So it might
93、 be time for Londoners to have more respect for their pigeons. The birds may just be helping to improve the quality of the citys air.32What can we infer about Londons air quality from Paragraph 2?ALondoners are very satisfied with it.BThe government is trying to improve it.CLondoners should pay more
94、 attention to it.DThe government has done a lot to improve it.33Duquesnoy attended the London Design Festival to _.Aentertain Londoners.Bsolve a world problem.Cdesign a product for sale.Dprotect animals like pigeons.34Why did Duquesnoy give up using drones to fly across London?ABecause they are too
95、expensive.BBecause they fly too quickly.CBecause they are forbidden.DBecause they fly too high.35Which can be the best title for the text?AClean air in London.BLondons dirty secret.CLondons new pollution fighter.DCauses of air pollution in London.【答案】32C33B34C35C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个用鸽子监测伦敦的空气质量的创
96、意。32推理判断题。根据第二段 “The problem for air pollution is that its been largely ignored as an issue for a long time,” （空气污染的问题在很大程度上已经被忽视了很久）以及People dont realize how bad it is, and how it actually affects their health.（人们没有意识到它有多糟糕，以及它实际上如何影响他们的健康。）由此推断出，伦敦人应该更关注伦敦的空气质量，故选C。33细节理解题。根据第三段It all began when P
97、ierre Duquesnoy, the director for DigitasLBi, a marketing firm, won a London Design Festival contest last year to show how a world problem could be solved using Twitter.可知, Duquesnoy参加伦敦设计节是为了解决一个世界性的问题，故选B。34细节理解题。根据第五段But its illegal to fly them over London.由此可知，最初， Duquesnoy想用无人机飞跃伦敦监测空气质量，但是因为市内
98、禁止无人机飞行，所以他放弃了这个想法，故选C。35主旨大意题。根据第一段But now the birds are being used to fight another kind ofpollution in this city of 8.5 million. 和最后一段So it might be time for Londoners to have more respect for their pigeons. The birds may justbe helping to improve the quality of the citys air.这些关键句可知， 这篇文章主要讲了Duq
99、uesnoy用鸽子监测空气质量，引起人们关注空气污染，鸽子成了伦敦新的环保战士，故选C。【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题2，根据第三段It all began when P
100、ierre Duquesnoy, the director for DigitasLBi, a marketing firm, won a London Design Festival contest last year to show how a world problem could be solved using Twitter.可知, Duquesnoy参加伦敦设计节是为了解决一个世界性的问题，故选B。（3）湖北省十堰市第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。ASir Steven R
101、edgraveWinner of 5 Olympic Gold MedalsIn 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes (糖尿病). Believing my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it the encouragement I needed. I could still be a wi
102、nner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isnt difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasnt finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way. Karen PickeringSwimming World ChampionI swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of
103、of my diary. This is the key to success- you cant follow a career in any field without being well-organized. List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and youll be a step closer to achieving them.Kirsten BestPoet & WriterWhen th
104、ings are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I cant achieve something. Then there are other distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as calm, peace or focus, either out loud or silently in my mind. It ma
105、kes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological(心理的) tools.31What does the underlined word distractions probably refer to?AWays that help one to focus.BWords that help one to feel less tense.CActiviti
106、es that turn ones attention away.DHabits that make it hard for one to relax.32What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary?AHer training schedule.BHer daily happenings.CHer achievements.DHer sports career.33What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?ADifficulties influenced his career.BSpe
107、cialist offered him medical advice.CTraining helped him defeat his disease.DHe overcame the shadow of illness to win.34According to the passage, what do the three people have in common?ACourage.BDevotion.CHard work.DSelf- confidence.【答案】31C32A33D34D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一些著名人物成功的经历。31词义猜测题。根据最后一部分的Wh
108、en things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I cant achieve something.可知，当事情变难的时候，脑海里就有一个声音告诉我，我成就不了一些事情；根据最后一部分的The key is to concentrate.可知，关键是专注。由此可以推测出来，专注之后，脑海里出现的其他声音，都不能影响自己做的事。因此，distractions的意思是转移某人注意力的事物，故选C。32细节理解题。根据第二部分I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage th
109、at sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary.可知，我一天游4个小时，一周六个小时。我通过把它写作日记的最上方来管理这种运动安排。由此可知，Karen Pickering日记里最前面是她的训练计划。故选A。33主旨大意题。根据第一部分In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes (糖尿病). Believing my career was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no r
110、eason why I should stop training and competing. That was it the encouragement I needed.可知，1997年，我发现自己患了糖尿病。认为我的事业结束了，我觉得很失望。一个专家说，我没理由停止训练和竞赛。那正是我需要的鼓励。由此可以看出，他克服了疾病的阴影；根据第一部分Sir Steven Redgrave Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals可知，Sir Steven Redgrave获得了成功。因此，主 Sir Steven Redgrave主要要谈论的是，他克服了疾病的阴影，取得了成
111、功。故选D。34细节理解题。根据第一部分I could still be a winner if I believed in myself.可知，如果相信自己，我依然是赢家；根据第二部分Trust yourself可知，要相信自己；根据第三部分It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. 可知，它让我感觉更有控制力，增强了我的信心。因此，三个人的共同点是自信。故选D。【点睛】在做有小标题的阅读时，可以用“找读”的办法，省时而且准确。比如第2小题根据题干中的Karen Pickering 和 top of her di
112、ary可以找到答案区域，在第二部分I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary.可知，我一天游4个小时，一周六个小时。我通过把它写作日记的最上方来管理这种运动安排。由此可知，Karen Pickering日记的最上方是她的训练计划。故选A。判断出A选项。BGeorge is in his bedroom. He is playing on his computer again! George plays on his computer ev
113、ery day. But George feels sad. He plays on his computer because he doesnt have any friends. Sometimes he dreams he is playing football with lots of friends, but it never happens.Today George is playing a computer football game. He is playing against the computer and he is winning. Suddenly the compu
114、ter speaks to George.Hello, George! What game can we play now?George is surprised and jumps up from his chair. He cant believe it. Maybe he is dreaming.George looks at the computer with big eyes. You can speak!Yes. I can do many amazing things! Two arms shoot out of the sides of the computer. And th
115、en two legs. Suddenly the computer is walking!Lets go for a walk to find a friend, says the computer. The computer runs along the road. It goes into the library, where there are lots of computers. There is a boy, Tommy, sitting there, doing his homework.Tommy looks at the crazy computer.Whats this?
116、he cries. A computer with arms and legs? Georges computer is in the middle of the room. Its getting bigger and bigger.It is out of control. The lights in the library are flashing on and off. People are running out of the library.Quick! says George. He grabs a stick and hits his computer. There is a
117、loud bang and it explodes into the air and falls to the ground into small pieces.Hes gone, says Tommy.Tommy and George leave the library together. Tommy lives in the next street to George. Thats my house, says Tommy. Do you want to play football in the garden?Yes, says George, smiling. Who needs com
118、puters?35When George and the computer entered the library, what was Tommy doing?AHe was chatting with a net friend.BHe was doing his homework.CHe was playing football on a computer.DHe was repairing a computer.36What does the underlined word it refer to?AThe libraryBThe stickCTommys homeworkDGeorges
119、 computer37The passage may be a(n) _.Aad for a supercomputerBfootball match reportCscience storyDdiary38The passage implies that _.Acomputers make people communicates with each other.Bchildren prefer playing football on the computer.Conline games replace some traditional ways of playingDcomputers wi
120、ll drive people mad in the future.【答案】35B36D37C38A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文是一个科技故事。乔治没有朋友，只能经常电脑一起玩。突然间，电脑跟乔治说话，并带他去了图书馆，并遇到了Tommy，之后电脑消失，乔治和Tommy成为了好朋友。35细节理解题。根据第七段There is a boy, Tommy, sitting there, doing his homework.可知，有一个名叫Tommy的男孩，坐在那儿，做作业。因此，当乔治和电脑走进图书馆时，Tommy在做作业。故选B。36词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的Quick! says
121、George. He grabs a stick and hits his computer.可知，快点，乔治说。他抓起一根棍子，打他的电脑；根据划线词所在的句子There is a loud bang and it explodes into the air and falls to the ground into small pieces.可知，有一声巨响，它在空中爆炸，而后摔成碎片。根据以上内容，可以推断it指代前文的his computer，即乔治的电脑。故选D。37推理判断题。根据第九段Whats this? he cries. A computer with arms and le
122、gs? Georges computer is in the middle of the room. Its getting bigger and bigger.可知，“这是什么？”他喊着，“一台电脑有手臂和腿？”乔治的电脑在房间中央，变得越来越大。从这个描述判断出这是个与电脑有关的科技故事。故选C。38推理判断题。根据第七段Lets go for a walk to find a friend, says the computer.可知，电脑说，我们去找朋友吧！根据倒数第一个第二段Hes gone, says Tommy. Tommy and George leave the library
123、 together.Tommy lives in the next street to George. Thats my house, says Tommy. Do you want to play football in the garden?可知，Tommy说它走了，Tommy和乔治一起离开了图书馆。成为了好朋友，可以推测出，这篇文章暗示电脑促使人互相交流。故选A。CBritish singer-song writer James Blunt shot to fame in 2005 with his single Youre Beautiful and album(专辑) Back To
124、 Bedlam, and since then he remained the top of the UK singles chart.Before James Blunt became a musician, he served in the army to fight for Queen and country. He spent four and a half years there, with six months in Kosovo as part of the peacekeeping force. Before leaving the army, Blunt had decide
125、d to achieve his dream of becoming a musician. In 2003, he was discovered by music producer Linda Perry who signed him to her Custard label. However the road to success never runs smoothly. It seemed that he would become another struggling singer trying to live from hand to mouth (勉强维持生计) when his f
126、irst two singles failed to make an impact on the British charts. But everything changed when his third single Youre Beautiful made it all the way to No.1 on the UK singles charts, and remained there for five weeks. The album Back to Bedlam soon followed and quickly became one of the biggest selling
127、records of the year, remaining then continual weeks at No.1. Since then, he has sold more than three million records, making him the first British artist to top the American singles charts in nearly a decade.Blunt, 34, a throwback (返祖者) to the 1970s softrock golden age, has been quoted by Western me
128、dia as saying that he will never get used to people screaming at him in the street.His success proves a lasting theory: You spend years chasing the right song. Then, if youre lucky, and if the song really takes off, you spend the rest of your life trying to escape it, or learning to live with it, a
129、few years removed from Youre Beautiful, he can still fill stages worldwide with fans who stay until the end.39What do we learn from the passage?ABlunt was discovered by Linda Perry before joining the army.BBlunt has already become famous before joining the army.CBlunt spent five years in the army al
130、together.DBlunt had the dream of becoming a musician before leaving the army.40Which of the following can describe James Blunts life as a musician before he sang the song Youre Beautiful ?ADifficultBHappyCBoringDSmooth41We can infer from the last paragraph that_.ABlunt is well-known in the world for
131、 his talent.BBlunts fame as a musician came easily.CBlunt wasnt lucky enough to win his fans support.DBlunt has to face the inconvenience that his fame has caused.42What is the passage mainly about?AThe song Youre BeautifulBThe latest album of James BluntCThe success of James Blunt as a musicianDThe
132、 whole life of James Blunt【答案】39D40A41D42C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国歌手兼歌曲作家James Blunt的单曲Youre Beautiful和专辑Back To Bedlam，以及他的成名之路。39细节理解题。根据第二段Before leaving the army, Blunt had decided to achieve his dream of becoming a musician.可知，在离开军队前，Blunt 决定实现他成为音乐家的梦想。因此，在离开军队前，Blunt梦想成为音乐家。故选D。40推理判断题。根据第三段Ho
133、wever the road to success never runs smoothly.It seemed that he would become another struggling singer trying to live from hand to mouth (勉强维持生计) when his first two singles failed to make an impact on the British charts. But everything changed when his third single Youre Beautiful made it all the wa
134、y to No.1 on the UK singles charts, and remained there for five weeks.可知，然而，成功之路从不平坦，当前两支单曲都没能在British charts上产生影响时，他似乎还是要成为挣扎着勉强维持生计的歌手。但是一切在第三支单曲Youre Beautiful成为UK singles charts的第一名时改变了，第一名的位置维持了五周。由此判断出，在唱Youre Beautiful之前，James Blunt作为音乐家的生涯是艰难的，故选A。41推理判断题。根据最后一段if youre lucky, and if the son
135、g really takes off, you spend the rest of your life trying to escape it, or learning to live with it, a few years removed from Youre Beautiful, he can still fill stages worldwide with fans who stay until the end.可知，如果你幸运，如果这首歌真的很流行，你余下的生活都在逃避它，或者学着与它一起生活。Youre Beautiful过去了几年后，他仍然能让那些来自世界各地的粉丝们把剧院塞满，
136、一直到表演结束。用余下的时间逃避或学着与它一起生活，可以看出成名也会有烦恼，由此判断出，Blunt必须面对出名带来的不便。故选D。42主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段Since then, he has sold more than three million records, making him the first British artist to top the American singles charts in nearly a decade.可知，此后，他卖了超过300万张唱片，使他成为近十年来，在美国单打排行榜上名列前茅的第一个英国艺术家。根据最后一段His success prov
137、es a lasting theory可知他的成功证明了一个持久的理论。由此可知，文章主要是是关于詹姆斯布朗特是一位成功的音乐家。故选C。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是介绍一个人的成功经历的，该类文章的中心一般就在第一段或最后一部分或者某一段中出现。因此，根据倒数第三段Since then, he has sold more than three mil
138、lion records, making him the first British artist to top the American singles charts in nearly a decade.可知，此后，他卖了超过300万张唱片，使他成为近十年来，在美国单打排行榜上名列前茅的第一个英国艺术家。根据最后一段His success proves a lasting theory可知他的成功证明了一个持久的理论。由此可知，文章主要是是关于詹姆斯布朗特是一位成功的音乐家故选C项。DLike you and your pet dog, plants are living things:
139、they eat, drink, and grow. Unlike you and your dog, they cant run away, use fists or teeth, or hide under the covers when theyre threatened. But they can fight back.Why would a plant need to fight back? To avoid being eaten, of course! Plants have several ways of protecting themselves. A plant can g
140、row in a hidden or hard-to-get-to place. Think of plants youve seen growing on steep, rocky cliff (悬崖). Or, a plant could make only some parts of itself attractive to hungry insects and animals. For instance, if a plant produced really tasty leaves, herbivores (creatures that eat only plants) might
141、eat the leaves instead of the seeds, which the plant needs for making more plants. Some plants have sharp or slippery (滑的) parts that discourage insects and other animals from getting too close, like the thorns(刺) on a rosebush.But the most interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemical
142、s. Plants take minerals from the soil and combine them into chemicals that do a lot of work. For example, plants produce chlorophyll(叶绿素), which helps convert sunshine and water into the sugars that plants eat.They also produce chemicals to help protect themselves. One kind of tobacco plant releases
143、 a chemical into the air whenever small bugs begin to eat it. The chemical signals large bugs, saying Dinners ready! The big bugs come to eat the little ones and save the plant.Most plants use chemicals in a more direct way against their enemies. In other words, plants make poison.43What does the un
144、derlined word convert mean?AChangeBSeparateCFormDProduce44What do we know from the passage?ASome plants hide under the covers when faced with threat.BA plant grows in a hard-to-get-to place to draw peoples attention.CSome plants produce tasty leaves to protect their seeds.DPlants produce chemicals t
145、o meet the needs of big bugs.45What may be talked about following the last paragraph?ADifferent effects that different plant poisons cause on plant eaters.BDifferent kinds of plants in the world.CWhy plants make poison?DHow to protect plants?46What would be the best title for the passage?APlant info
146、rmation.BPlant enemies.CPlant poisons.DPlant protection.【答案】43A44C45A46D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物是怎样反击和保护自己的。43词义猜测题。根据下划线所在的句子plants produce chlorophyll(叶绿素), which helps convert sunshine and water into the sugars that plants eat.可知，植物产生叶绿素，能将阳光和水变成植物需要的糖分。根据语境，可以推测convert是“改变、转变”的意思，即change。故选A。44细节
147、理解题。根据第二段if a plant produced really tasty leaves, herbivores (creatures that eat only plants) might eat the leaves instead of the seeds, which the plant needs for making more plants.可知，如果一种植物产生真正美味的叶子，食草动物（只吃植物的动物）可能吃叶子而不是种子，植物需要种子来长出更多的植物。由此可知，一些植物可能用美味的叶子来保护种子。故选C。45推理判断题。根据最后一段Most plants use che
148、micals in a more direct way against their enemies. In other words, plants make poison.可知，大部分植物以更直接的方式使用化学物质来对抗敌人。换句话说，植物产生毒素。由此推测，接下来会写，不同的植物毒素对食草动物的不同影响。故选A。46主旨大意题。根据第二段Plants have several ways of protecting themselves. A plant can grow in a hidden or hard-to-get-to place.植物有几种保护自己的方法。一株植物可以生长在一个隐
149、蔽的或难以接近的地方。根据第三段But the most interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals.可知，但最有趣的方式是植物通过使用化学物质反击；根据第四段They also produce chemicals to help protect themselves.可知，他们也产生化学物质来保护自己。由此可以看出，文章是关于植物保护的。短文的最佳标题是“植物的自我保护”。故选D。EOnly three local students won Chinese Blog (博客) Competition. And 15
150、 of the 18 awards went to students from China.170 students task: to get a fully-designed blog up and running, complete with many positions based on a theme of choice- to food blogs.The entries were judged on Language proficiency(熟练程度) and the quality of writing, as well as the design and level of ex
151、changing ideas with readers.Academics from the National University of Singapore and the SIM University, IT experts, and a journalist from Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao in Singapore made up the judges.In the end, only three Singaporean students make it to the award list-the rest of the awards were
152、swept up by students from China.No surprise, said Mr. Chow Yaw Long, 37, teachers-in-charge from Innova Junior College, which organized the event, Although the topics were local subjects, the foreign students were generally better because of the content of the posts and their grasp of the Chinese la
153、nguage.One of the three local students winning the first prize in the Best Language Award was blogger Christina Gao, 19, from the Saint Andrews Junior College, who spared no effors in researching for and writing her blog. Each entry took her between five and seven days to produce, complete with pict
154、ures and even podcasts (播客).Her advice for bloggers is: Be responsible.Some bloggers out there only seek to blame the authorities and other bloggers. Said Miss Gao, I think they lack responsibilities and there is no value to their posts.47The competition was organized by_.Athe National University of
155、 SingaporeBChinese newspaper Lianhe ZaobaoCInnova Junior CollegeDthe Saint Andrews Junior College48Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AChinese students won most of the awards.BNot all the themes were about local subjects.CThe blogs could be written in Chinese or Singlish.DThe ju
156、dges were from universities in Singapore and China.49What Miss Gao said suggests that _.Ashe likes to blame the authorities.Bshe has a sense of resposibilityCshe thinks highly of the others blogs.Dshe loves to read valuable posts.50The passage is in mainly about_.Ahow Chinese students won the awards
157、 in the competitionBwhy bloggers should take responsibility for their blogsChow Miss Gao won the first prize in the competitionDwhat the result of the competition was【答案】47C48A49B50D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。新加坡一所大学举办了有170人参加中文博客比赛。只有三名本地学生获奖，其他的都是中国学生获奖。虽然话题是关于本地话题，但中国学生的所写的内容和语言表达能力更好。47细节理解题。根据倒数第四段No surp
158、rise, said Mr. Chow Yaw Long, 37, teachers-in-charge from Innova Junior College, which organized the event,可知，不意外，Innova Junior College的班主任37岁的周永龙先生说，是Innova Junior College组织了这次比赛。因此，比赛是由Innova Junior College组织的。故选C。48细节理解题。根据第一段And 15 of the 18 awards went to students from China.可知18个奖项中的15个都是中国学生获
159、得的。由此可以看出，中国学生赢得了大部分奖项。故选A。49推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Her advice for bloggers is: Be responsible.可知，她对博主的建议是要负责。从她说得话可以判断出，她是有责任感的人。故选B。50主旨大意题。根据第一段Only three local students won Chinese Blog (博客) Competition. And 15 of the 18 awards went to students from China.可知，只有三名本地学生赢了中文博客竞赛。18个奖项中，有15个是中国学生获奖。由此可以看出，短文主要
160、是关于比赛结果。故选D。（4）湖北省武汉市第一中学2020-2021学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。ADarrell Blatchley, a marine biologist and environmentalist based in the Philippine city of Davao, received a call from the philippines Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (渔业与水产资源局) early Friday morn
161、ing reporting a death of a young whale.When the necropsy (尸检) was performed, Blatchley told NPR, he was not prepared for the amount of plastic they found in the whales stomach. “It was full of plastic- nothing but nonstop plastic,” he said. “It was filled to the point that its stomach was as hard as
162、 a baseball.” “That means that this animal has been suffering not for days or weeks but for months or even a year or more.” Blatchley added.Blatchley is the founder and owner of the D Bone Collector Museum, a natural history museum in Davao. In the coming days, the museum will display all the items
163、found in the whales system.Blatchley and his team work with the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources and other organizations to assist in rescue and recovery of marine animals.“Within the last 10 years, we have recovered 61 whales and dolphins just within the Davao Gulf,” he said. “Of them, 57
164、have died due to man -whether they took plastic or fishing nets or other waste, or gotten caught in pollution- and four were pregnant.”Blatchley said he hoped that the latest incident would launch the issue of plastic pollution in the Philippines and across the globe. “If we keep going this way, it
165、will be more uncommon to see an animal die of natural causes than it is to see an animal die of plastic.” he said.1What can be inferred from the second paragraph?AThe whale was starved to death.BBlatchley didnt make preparations for the necropsy.CThe dead whale must have swallowed a baseball.DBlatch
166、ley was shocked at what he found.2What does Blatchley think of plastic pollution in the Philippines?AUncommon.BInspiring.CWorrying.DPuzzling.3What is the best title for the text?ANatural Death or Merciless murder.BStand Up for Protecting Whales.CPlastic Threatening Our Existence.DA Whale Found Dead
167、of Plastic.【答案】1D2C3D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对海洋污染的担忧。1细节理解题。根据第二段中的“hewasnotpreparedfortheamountofplastictheyfoundinthewhalesstomach ”可知，布拉奇利在鲸鱼的胃里发现了大量的塑料，他对此毫无准备，这是他意想不到的。由此可知，布拉奇利对他的发现感到震惊，故选D。2推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Blatchley said he hoped that the latest incident would launch the issue
168、of plastic pollution in the Philippines and across the globe “Ifwekeepgoingthisway,itwillbemoreuncommontoseeananimaldieofnaturalcausesthanitistoseeananimaldieofplastic,” 布拉奇利说，他希望这一最新事件能在菲律宾乃至全球引发塑料污染问题。布拉奇利说如果我们继续这样下去，动物因吃塑料死亡的情况比自然死亡更为常见，由此判断出，他对菲律宾的塑料污染很担忧，故选C。3主旨大意题。纵观全文本文的主旨句在第一段“Darrell Blatch
169、ley,received a call from the philippines Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (渔业与水产资源局) early Friday morning reporting a death of a young whale.” 海洋生物学家和环保人士达雷尔布拉奇利周五一早接到菲律宾渔业和水产资源局的电话，报告一头幼鲸死亡”。接着下文对这只鲸的解剖发现，这只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧。由此可知，全文围绕一只死于塑料的鲸鱼展开。而且从文章的高频词来说鲸鱼whale以及plastic在文章中反复
170、出现，故A和C没有涉及到whale，而B没有涉及到plastic，只有D项“ 一头鲸鱼被发现死于塑料”为最佳标题。故选D。【点睛】文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强。确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题。也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。如第3小题，文章反复出现的单词是whale以及plastic，这与选项D.A Whale Found Dea
171、d of Plastic相照应。寻找文章的主题句。文章主要论题的关键是找到文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。第3小题属于主旨大意题。纵观全文本文的主旨句在第一段“Darrell Blatchley,received a call from the philippines Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (渔业与水产资源局) early Friday morning reporting a death
172、 of a young whale.” 海洋生物学家和环保人士达雷尔布拉奇利周五一早接到菲律宾渔业和水产资源局的电话，报告一头幼鲸死亡”。接着下文对这只鲸的解剖发现，这只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧。由此可知，全文围绕一只死于塑料的鲸鱼展开。而且从文章的高频词来说鲸鱼whale以及plastic在文章中反复出现，故A和C没有涉及到whale，而B没有涉及到plastic，只有D项“ 一头鲸鱼被发现死于塑料”为最佳标题。故选D。BA video of a three-year-old girl being kicked by her own mother during
173、 a photo shot went viral on Thursday, indicating Chinas underperformance in regulating the emerging child modeling industry.The girl, known as Niu Niu, was physically abused (虐待) by her mother in several videos. The videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike. Many netizens and schola
174、rs call for local authorities to carry out further investigations into possible child abuse.In response to the public outcry (强烈抗议), Niu Nius mother issued an apology via Sina Weibo on Thursday, condemning accusations of abuse. She noted that she was merely guiding her daughter for better shots and
175、the girl is well looked after.Despite her apology, many E-shops which used Niu Nius images for brand promotion have canceled their cooperation with the mother, while over 110 well-known child garment shops on Taobao have signed up for a campaign to provide better protection for child models.“It is n
176、ecessary to adopt comprehensive laws and regulations to further protect the kids, preventing their parents and companies from exploiting them,” Fang Zhiqing, a lawyer and child protection expert, said.Niu Niu is not alone. In Zhili, a small town in Zhejiang province, thousands of children from acros
177、s China are taken here by their parents to seize the chance of fame. With a population of 450,000, Zhili has over 13,000 manufacturers of child clothing. In 2017.the town earned over 7 billion yuan by selling clothing for children online, thus providing opportunities for child models.“Chinas current
178、 advertisement law isnt workable with respect to the industry of child modeling, as it lacks clear regulatory measures and clear legal punishment.” Fang added, “It is important to issue new laws which regulate child modeling.”4What caused the public outcry?AA girl being physically abused by her moth
179、er.BProblems in Chinese advertising industry.CSeveral cases of child abuse in recent China.DVideos showing how child models work.5What happened after the public outcry?ALocal authorities have thoroughly looked into Niu Nius case.BNiu Nius mother admitted abusing her daughter.CShops stopped their coo
180、peration with the mother.DThe online sales of child clothing are increasing.6Which opinion may Fang Zhiqing agree with?AChinas current advertisement law isnt workable.BThere are too many child models in China.CNew economic laws should be issued in China.DChina should regulate child modeling.【答案】4A5C
181、6D【解析】【分析】本文为新闻报道。一段3岁女孩在拍照时被自己母亲踢的视频在网上疯传，惹恼了中国媒体和网民，这表明中国在监管新兴的儿童模特行业方面表现不佳。于是许多人建议对出台相关的法律来对儿童模范行业进行规范。4细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The girl, known as Niu Niu, was physically abused (虐待) by her mother in several videos. The videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike.” 这名女孩名叫妞妞，在几段视频中遭到母亲的身体虐待。这
182、些视频已经惹恼了中国媒体和网民。由此可知，被母亲虐待的女孩引起了公众的强烈抗议。故选A。5细节理解题。根据第四段“Despite her apology, many E-shops which used Niu Nius images for brand promotion have canceled their cooperation with the mother” 许多利用妞妞形象进行品牌推广的电子商店已经取消了与这位母亲的合作。可知，C项符合题意，故选C。6推理判断题。第五段中的“Chinas current advertisement law isnt workable with r
183、espect to the industry of child modeling, as it lacks clear regulatory measures and clear legal punishment.” Fang added，“It is important to issue new laws which regulate child modeling.”中国现行广告法对儿童模特行业不适用，缺乏明确的监管措施和明确的法律惩罚。颁布新的法律来规范儿童模特是很重要的。由此可推断出方志清认为中国应该对童模进行规范。故选D。CIf you wear glasses, chances ar
184、e you are smarter. Research published in the famous British journal Nature Communications has found that people who displayed higher levels of intelligence were almost 30 percent more likely to wear glasses.The scientists studied the genes of thousands of people between the ages of 16 and 102.The st
185、udy showed intelligence can be connected to physical characteristics. One characteristic was eyesight. In out of 10 people who were more intelligent, there was a higher chance they needed glasses. Scientists also said being smarter has other benefits. It is connected to better health.It is important
186、 to remember these are connections which are not proven causes. Scientists call this correlation. Just because something is connected to something else does not mean one of those things caused the other. And its worth noting that what constitutes intelligence is subjective and can be difficult, if n
187、ot impossible, to measure.Forget genes though. Plenty of proof shows wearing glasses makes people think you are more intelligent, even if you do not need glasses. A number of studies have found people who wear glasses are seen as smarter, hard-working and honest. Many lawyers use this idea to help w
188、in their cases. Lawyer Harvey Solves explained this. Glasses soften their appearance. He said Sometimes there has been a huge amount of proof showing that people he was defending broke the law. He had them wear glasses and they werent found guilty.Glasses are also used to show someone is intelligent
189、 in movies and on TV. Ideas about people who wear glasses have begun to shift. People who do not need glasses sometimes wear them for fashion only. They want to look worldly or cool. But not everyone is impressed by this idea, though. GQ magazine said people who wear glasses for fashion are trying t
190、oo hard to look smart and hip (时髦的). However, that hasnt stopped many celebrities from happily wearing glasses even if they do not need them. Justin Bieber is just one high-profile fan of fashion glasses.7What does the new study show?APeople wearing glasses are smarter.BPeople wearing glasses are he
191、althier.CWearing glasses can make people cleverer.DWearing glasses is associated with higher IQ.8What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?AShift.BLink.CProof.DConsequence.9Why do some lawyers ask their clients to wear glasses in court?ABecause it can create a moral image.BBecause it can mis
192、lead the witnesses.CBecause it can highlight clients qualities.DBecause it can prove the clients innocence.10What is the general attitude to those who wear glasses for fashion?APositive.BNegative.CMixedDIndifferent.【答案】7D8B9A10C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现戴眼镜和高智商有关，文章还指出有些人只是为了追求时尚而戴眼镜。7细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Th
193、e study showed intelligence can be connected to physical characteristics. One characteristic was eyesight. In out of 10 people who were more intelligent, there was a higher chance they needed glasses.”可知，研究表明，智力与身体特征有关，其中一个特征就是视力，在10个更聪明的人中，他们需要眼镜的几率更高，也就是说戴眼镜与高智商有关，故D项正确。8词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Just because
194、 something is connected to something else does not mean one of those things caused the other.”可知，仅仅因为某物与其他事物相联系并不意味着其中一个事物导致了另一个事物，这是对画线词的解释说明，因此此处是说重要的是要记住这些都是没有被证实的原因的联系，科学家称之为相关性，由此可知画线词词义为“相关联、联系”，故B项正确。9细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A number of studies have found people who wear glasses are seen as smarter, ha
195、rd-working and honest. Many lawyers use this idea to help win their cases. Lawyer Harvey Solves explained this. Glasses soften their appearance.”可知，许多研究发现，戴眼镜的人被视为更聪明、更勤奋、更诚实，眼镜使他们看起来更温和，许多律师利用这个想法来帮助他们赢得官司，由此可知，一些律师让他们的当事人在法庭上戴眼镜是因为戴上眼镜有助于塑造一个道德的形象，故A项正确。10推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People who do not need glas
196、ses sometimes wear them for fashion only. They want to look worldly or cool. But not everyone is impressed by this idea, though.”可知，不需要眼镜的人有时戴眼镜只是为了时尚，他们想显得酷一些，但并不是每个人都对这个想法印象深刻，由此可知，对于那些追求时尚而戴眼镜的人来说，人们的态度是既有人支持也有人反对，故C项正确。（5）江苏省南京师大附中2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
197、上写出。APiazzale degli Uffizi 650122Florence, ItalyPhone +39 055 294883Email： infouffizibenicultuali.itWe wish to inform visitors that the Uffizi Galleries museums, along with their Library as well as their Historic Archive and Research Dept, have been closed since an order was given by the Italian Pri
198、me Minister in March. All the museums of the Uffizi Galleries will remain closed until 3 May 2020.According to the above order, the Garden of the Scuderie Reali of Porta Romana, belonging to the Uffizi Galleries, is also closed.Besides, those who have already bought tickets through our official chan
199、nel, which is valid (有效的) between 8 March and 3 April 2020, for the Uffizi Galleries museums, can exchange them for new tickets by directly sending their tickets to our sellers or writing e-mails to paypren. The sellers are to deliver a new one equal in value to the sum paid within the following 30
200、days. The new ticket is to be used within one year from its delivery date.However, for tickets purchased through a private agency, it is necessary to contact the agency itself.We wish to inform people owning the Uffizi Galleries yearly membership card that can still be used on the day 8 March 2020,
201、that their effective period will be extended (延期) for a duration equal to the days missed during the period of the Uffizi Galleries museums closing until their re-opening.21What can we learn from the passage?AThe Uffizi Galleries are located in Rome, Italy.BThe Uffizi Galleries will remain closed be
202、cause of COVID-19 emergency.CHistoric Archive and Research Dept. of the Uffizi Galleries will stay open.DWhoever has bought tickets for the Uffizi Galleries can have their money back.22If you have bought a ticket on the official website of the Uffizi Galleries, how could you keep it valid?ABy sendin
203、g it to the sellers of the Uffizi Galleries.BBy writing an e-mail to infouffizibeniculturali.it .CBy contacting a private agency by calling +39 055 294883.DBy visiting the ticket office of the Uffizi Galleries.【答案】21B22A【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。文章是意大利乌菲齐美术馆关于博物馆将会一直关闭到2020年5月3日的通告。21细节理解题。根据表格中的内容“COVID-19 Em
204、ergency 丨 CLOSING OF ALL ITALIAN MUSEMS”以及第一段“All the museums of the Uffizi Galleries will remain closed until 3 May 2020.”可知，在 新冠肺炎疫情期间，乌菲齐美术馆的所有博物馆将一直关闭到2020年5月3日。故选B项。22细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“can exchange them for new tickets by directly sending their tickets to our sellers or writing e-mails to paypren.
205、”可知,那些已经买了的票，可以通过直接发送他们的门票给卖家或写电子邮件到paypren，换成新的票，故选A项。BI was taking in the breathtaking view from the top of Sydney Harbor Bridge when I sensed I was about to witness something even more dramatic right in front of me. Although we were all tied to lines running along the steel girders, a fellow clim
206、ber called Mike had somehow managed to drop onto bended knee and turn to face his girlfriend, Wendy. I knew what was coming. “Wendy, will you marry me?” he asked. There was a quick smile and an attempted kiss and then a big beam. Mike had the answer he hoped for and all of us burst into a round of a
207、pplause.Apparently more than 2,000 couples have become engaged ( 订 婚 ) at the summit since 1998, when it became possible to climb it in organized tour groups. The bridge, perhaps the most recognized symbol of this beautiful city, opened in 1932. Its still the worlds largest steel-arch bridge.We retu
208、rned to the fantastic view: the famous Sydney Opera House, ferries and sailboats making their way through the harbor, the city skyline but I had to force myself to look down. We had climbed 1,423 steps to the top of the bridge and I didnt know whether to be delighted or scared.Nicole Kidman has done
209、 it. So have Bruce Springsteen, Prince Harry and scores of other celebrities. But climbing to the top clearly isnt just for the rich and famous. On the contrary, Australian youngsters do it to celebrate their 12th birthdays. (You have to be at least 12 years old to do the climb.) A 100-year-old woma
210、n climbed it and told guides it was on her list of things to do before she died.You can climb during the day, at twilight, or even after dark with headlamps. People climb in all weathers except when theres lightning in the area. In fact, over two million people have made the three-and-a-half-hour cl
211、imb to the top of the famous bridgean adventure that cannot be done anywhere else in the world on a bridge this big. Thats probably why this climb has won a lot of tourism awards. Today, the climb is firmly on the to-do list for locals as well as tourists.23What can we learn on the bridge is quite r
212、are?AGetting engaged on the bridge is quite rare.BPeople climb the bridge on climbers age.CThere are no limitations on climbers age.DMany famous people have done the climb.24How did the author feel when he climbed to the top of the bridge?ABored and tiredBFearful and confusedCExcited and nervousDRel
213、ived and relaxed25What is the authors purpose of writing the passage?ATo introduce the popularity of the bridge.BTo emphasize the importance of the bridgeCTo explain the functions of the bridge.DTo describe the fantastic view from the bridge.【答案】23D24C25A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了世界上最大的钢拱桥悉尼海港大桥成为当地人和游客的必去之
214、地。23推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Nicole Kidman has done it. So have Bruce Springsteen, Prince Harry and scores of other celebrities.”可知，很多名人都攀爬悉尼海港大桥。由此判断出很多名人都攀爬悉尼海港大桥这是很少见的。故选D项。24细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句话“and I didnt know whether to be delighted or scared.”可知，当作者爬到了桥的顶端，说不清是高兴还是害怕，说明作者感到既兴奋又紧张。故选C项。25推理判断题。阅读全文内容得知，
215、文章介绍悉尼海港大桥令人叹为观止的景色、大桥成为求婚之地、很多名人富人都爬上过大桥、攀爬这座大桥已经成为当地人和游客的必做之事。因此作者的写作目的是“介绍这座大桥的受欢迎程度”。 故选A项。COur coffee is loved by millions worldwide. Do you often see this kind of advertising in your country? Statements like these that no one can prove are called puffery. Puffery is legal, even though it canno
216、t be proved. In fact, puffery has been called a license to lie, as it is regarded as an opinion rather than an objective statement.Using puffery to raise awareness of products and to increase sales, is a common advertising method. Some people, however, worry about puffery. One of the concerns is whe
217、ther consumers are misled by false advertising. Therefore, advertisements containing puffery sometimes can be tested in the courts, and the decisions that are made help to tell the difference between acceptable puffery and illegal advertising.On the one hand, if a company tells the public that it se
218、lls the countrys best-loved or favorite product, this is thought to be puffery, rather than an objective description of market share. Similarly, the company does not have to produce proof that such puffery is actually supported by numbers or facts. In other words, advertisements such as the worlds b
219、est cup of coffee are impossible to prove. They are too good to be true and thus it is expected that any consumer will understand how subjective they are. Such advertisements are therefore not thought of as misleading. In fact, puffery like this in these advertisements is often considered to add to
220、the entertainment value.On the other hand, a company that states their products is the safest or cheapest needs to show proof, because statements that are objective need to be supported by proof or statistics. Consumer rights organizations can run tests to examine whether or not such statements agre
221、e with the fact. Companies should thus be very careful when making factual statements about a product.A primary function of advertising is to create product awareness. As consumers, we need to know -about competing products, so we can make wise decisions on which one to buy. While it is important th
222、at advertisers are monitored to ensure they do not mislead consumers, it can be argued that puffery is a good way of raising awareness of new products. As long as there are effective ways of monitoring advertisements to prevent deliberate deception (欺骗) in safety and quality, it seems that most puff
223、ery is relatively harmless. Rather, it has become part of advertising, which most consumers can laugh at rather than being misled.26By “ Our coffee is loved by millions worldwide, the passage intends to _.Adescribe a factBintroduce the topicCpresent an argumentDprovide background information27The fu
224、nction of puffery is mainly to help_ .Adescribe products market shareBraise awareness of new productsCtest the advertisement in the courtsDrun tests to examine the new products.28What does the author think of puffery?AIt is acceptable with effective monitoring.BIt is misleading for it uses the false
225、 information.CIt is harmful for it plays tricks on consumers.DIt is convincing for it helps consumers to choose wisely.29Which can be the best title of this passage?AFunctions of AdvertisingBPuffery in AdvertisingCConsumers and AdvertisingDThe Art of Advertising【答案】26B27B28A29B【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章论述了广告
226、中的夸大其词的现象，认为广告中的夸大吹捧是一种观点，而不是一种客观的陈述，有可能误导消费者。作者认为夸大其词是提高新产品知名度的好方法，但是要有有效的方法监测广告，防止在安全性和质量上蓄意欺骗消费者。26推理判断题。作者在文章首句引用广告词“Our coffee is loved by millions worldwide”Do you often see this kind of advertising in your country?Statements like these that no one can prove are called puffery. Puffery is lega
227、l, even though it cannot be proved”可知，我们的咖啡深受全世界数百万人的喜爱，“你经常在贵国看到这种广告吗？这种没有人能证明的陈述被称为夸大其词。由此判断出“ Our coffee is loved by millions worldwide，是为了导出下文的主题：广告中存在夸大其词的现象。故选 B项。27细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Using puffery to raise awareness of products and to increase sales, is a common advertising method.”可知，广告中利用夸大、吹捧是为
228、了提高产品知名度，增加销售量。故选B项。28推理推断题。根据文章最后一段中“As long as there are effective ways of monitoring advertisements to prevent deliberate deception (欺骗) in safety and quality, it seems that most puffery is relatively harmless.”作者认为只要有有效的方法监测广告，防止在安全性和质量上蓄意欺骗，广告中的夸大其词对消费者来说是相对无害的，因此是可以接受的。由此判断出，夸大其词在有效的监控是可以接受的。故
229、选 A项。29主旨大意题。 通读全文，文章主要论述了广告中的夸大其词的作用和影响。夸大其词的广告是提高新产品知名度、增加销量的好方法，但广告中的夸大有可能误导消费者。作者认为要有有效的方法监测广告，防止在安全性和质量上蓄意欺骗消费者。因此文章的标题应该是“广告中的夸大其词”。故选 B项。DDear Mummy,This last trip to India with you has brought home to me a few hard facts- facts that I wanted to avoid seeing for some time. As you well know, y
230、ou and I have had a few arguments and several days of tension during the trip. I must admit sometimes I really do not know how to communicate to you what I really feel. Words seem to fail on both sides. Thats why I am writing this letter. Perhaps it will be a bit easier. As I approach my seventeenth
231、 year, I suddenly ask myself where I belong.1 know this is the usual teenage identity crisis. You came to this country when you were slightly older than I am and married my father. You admired the American lifestyle and tried to be an American as much as you could. I am the daughter of you, a mother
232、 who is Indian, and a father who is American. Of course, I am American. Except for a few trips to India I have little to do with India outwardly. But I feel how much you would like me to become Indian sometimes. I cannot explain it with examples. But I feel it in my bones. The India that you never q
233、uite shake off comes back to you now and you want to see your daughter live it, at least partly. Yes, Mummy, I know I am wrapped up in many superficial (肤浅的) things, things my friends indulge in (沉迷于) and I can understand your need to protect me. But I am part of them and in order for me to be accep
234、ted by my friends, sometimes I need to do things which do not always please me either. I need their approval and I want to be like them sometimes. But your good intentions to teach me those good Indian things then clash. Although I dislike the superficiality of my friends, I cannot move back to your
235、 culture just because it is better for you or more ancient or deep. My dearest mother, I cannot be protected by you. Forgive me if I remind you of something you related to me many times. You could not be protected by my grandparents (your parents) when you decided to embrace this culture along with
236、my father. Nor can you protect me despite the fact that we are not separated by physical distance. Perhaps we are separated by something else and I suspect that is India.I have never written a letter like this before in my short life. I feel good about writing this and would like to hear what you ha
237、ve to say, Ma, perhaps you and I can still be friends in a way that you and your mother could not be. Lets try. I love you.Yours,Rita30What can we learn from this letter?ARita and her mother had a pleasant trip in India.BRita always asks herself where she belongs.CRita wants to be accepted by her fr
238、iends.DRitas mother allows her freedom to do as she wishes.31This sentence “Let me live the life I am surrounded by and suffer as I wish.” can be best placed at _.ABCD32The underlined word “clash” in Paragraph 3 probably means _Acome into existenceBcome into disagreementCcome into viewDcome into eff
239、ect33Which words can best describe Ritas personality?AHesitant and ignorant.BThoughtful and generous.CAmbitious and humorous.DIndependent and communicative.34Which kind of social problem can be reflected from this private letter?APolitics.BRace.CReligion.DIdentity.35What can we infer from the last p
240、aragraph?ARita expects more protection from her mother.BRita expects more Indian cultural influence from her mother.CRita expects more communication and respect from her mother.DRita expects more attention and care from her mother.【答案】30C31B32B33D34D35C【解析】【分析】本文是应用文，是一个女儿写给妈妈的信，希望能够和妈妈交流自己的真实感受，希望妈
241、妈能够理解她的想法。30细节理解题。根据文中第二段 “But I am part of them and in order for me to be accepted by my friends， I need their approval and I want to be like them sometimes.”可知，作者想成为朋友的一部分，想得到他们的认可。选择 C项。31推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“I feel how much you would like me to become Indian sometimes.”和“you want to see your daughter
242、live it, at least partly. ”可知，因为妈妈自己是印度人，作者觉得妈妈非常想她成为印度人，而作者不想接受妈妈的想法。因此“Let me live the life I am surrounded by and suffer as I wish.”这句话应该放在这里。作者向妈妈表达自己的观点“让我过自己希望的生活。” 故选B项。32词义猜测题。该段的主题是作者的妈妈想作者回到自己的印度的文化生活中，因此和作者产生了分歧。前一句 But I am part of them and in order for me to be accepted by my friends, s
243、ometimes I need to do things which do not always please me either“作者想得到朋友的认可，想和朋友一样”；下一句 I cannot move back to your culture just“我不能回到你们的文化中去”；but表示转折，因此可以推测，划线词所在的句子意思为“但你教我这些印度好东西的好意就会（与我的想法）发生冲突”。 故选 B项。33推理判断题。 通读全文，作者因为和妈妈到印度之旅不愉快，因此写信给妈妈沟通自己的真实感受。在信中作者表达自己不想接受妈妈让她回到印度的生活方式中的想法。这些都显示作者有独立的思想、善于
244、与人沟通。故选D项。34推理判断题。根据第二段“As I approach my seventeenth year, I suddenly ask myself where I belong.1 know this is the usual teenage identity crisis. ”可知，当我快到十七岁的时候，我突然问自己我属于哪里。我知道这是一种常见的青少年身份危机。结合本文是女儿写给妈妈的一封信。因为妈妈是印度人，所以非常希望女儿回到印度的文化生活中，但女儿不能接受。女儿在信中表达了自己的真实感受。因此这封信反映了两代人之间的观点不能同一性的社会问题。identity意思为“同一
245、性，认同”。故选D项。35推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中提到“I feel good about writing this and would like to hear what you have to say, Ma, perhaps you and I can still be friends”可知，作者希望通过写信能够和妈妈沟通，倾听妈妈的想法，希望能够和妈妈成为朋友。因此可以推断Rita 期望和妈妈沟通，希望妈妈能尊重她的想法。故选 C项。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be calle
246、d或thats to say，such as等。 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用
247、所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。该段的主题是作者的妈妈想作者回到自己的印度的文化生活中，因此和作者产生了分歧。前一句 But I am part of them and in order for me to be accepted by my friends, sometimes I need to do things which do not always please me either“作者想得到朋友的认可，想和朋友一样”；下一句 I cannot move back to your culture just“我
248、不能回到你们的文化中去”；but表示转折，因此可以推测，划线词所在的句子意思为“但你教我这些印度好东西的好意就会（与我的想法）发生冲突”。 故小题3选 B项（6）2020-2021学年度苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查(二)英语试题请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANorthern Lights in a SuperjeepTour Operator: Superdeep. is Travel method: Jeep/4x4 Region: Capital RegionThe northern lights are a nat
249、ural wonder, ethereal sheets of green and blue lights swaying across the starry night sky.To see the lights, you need to get out of the city lights on a clear winters night. The northern lights guides are experts at finding the best spot for viewing the elusive(难以得到的) lights, giving you the very bes
250、t chance possible to see them. Travelling in a small group means that your moment under the northern lights will be intimate and personal and the sturdy vehicle also allows for a greater range of movement. The superjeep drivers can get off the beaten path and take you to places where its just you, t
251、he Icelandic nature and the northern lights.Important informationThis tour lasts 3-4 hours. Free pick-up from your hotel in the capital area begins at 20: 00.From 15/09-31/09 and 15/03-15/04. The pickup starts at 21: 00 due to a longer daylight.It is vital to wear comfortable and appropriate clothin
252、g like waterproof, walking shoes, dress in layers to be able to enjoy your journey to the fullest.AttentionThe Northern Lights Superjeep tour is dependent on the weather and sky conditions and we reserve the right to cancel at any time. If the evening tour goes ahead and the Northern Lights are not
253、seen, we will offer the trip again for free!We make the decision around 17: 00 every day if the tour is on or not due to weather condition. Please contact us around 17: 00 on the day of your our to confirm the forecast is good and tour is ON at infosuperjeep. is or call 00 354 569 8000.Dress for the
254、 worst, hope for the best and prepare to be surprised.36. Why is joining in the Northern Lights Superjeep tour a good choice?A. Because it helps tourists find the only viewing spot of the northern lights.B. Because it provides tourists with a small-group personalized experience.C Because it allows t
255、ravelling with many friends or companions around.D. Because it ensures an amazing trip with a limited range of movement.37. From the advertisement we know that_.A. a free pick-up in the capital area is available at 20: 00 every day.B. dressing formally is important for tourists to fully enjoy the tr
256、ip.C. tourists are supposed to confirm the trip is on as early as possible.D. weather conditions are a great concern for the tour operator.【答案】36. B 37. D【解析】本文是应用文。文章讲述了游客可以乘坐吉普车享受冰岛的自然风光和北极光，这会给游客带来非常独特的体验并介绍了旅行的相关信息。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Travelling in a small group means that your moment under the
257、 northern lights will be intimate and personal.”可知，小组旅行意味着你在北极光下的旅行体验将变得私密和独一无二。因此，参加北极光超级吉普车之旅是一个不错的选择是因为它为游客提供了小组旅行个性化的体验。故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据Attention部分中的“The Northern Lights Superjeep tour is dependent on the weather and sky conditions and we reserve the right to cancel at any time.”可知，北极光超级吉普车之旅
258、取决于天气和天空情况，我们保留随时取消的权利。即天气状况是旅行社关心的一个问题。故选D。BMother Nature has it figured out. Shes designed a master scheme that connects plants and animals, all working in concert to keep every living thing in balance.This is especially obvious in places like central Africa and in South American tropical rainfore
259、sts where certain animals help keep trees safe and healthy, which is critical as trees absorb vast amounts of planet-warming carbon pollution.Recent research warns that losing the creatures that nurture trees puts forests in danger. This, by extension, is helping to accelerate dangerous climate chan
260、ge.In central Africa for example, elephants eat fast-growing trees, making room for those that grow more slowly. The slow-growing trees with their very dense wood store more carbon than the thinner, faster-developing ones Without elephants, more carbon would accumulate in the atmosphere, worsening c
261、limate change according to a new study that used computer models to project what could happen if elephant populations continue to decrease or become extinct.Africa may once have contained 10 million elephants from the Mediterranean to the Cape, in every habitat except extreme desert. In 1970, there
262、may have been a million left. By the end of the 1980s, there were half that number, mostly killed for the ivory trade, said Stephen Blake, assistant professor of biology at St. Louis University.By killing elephants, poachers (偷猎者) rob slow growing trees of their guardian. They also slow the growth o
263、f new trees. Elephants blaze(开辟) trails and disperse(散播) seeds as they look for food. “Elephants are basically the gardeners of the forest,” Blake said. They disperse over 100 species of seeds, and disperse more of them over longer distances than other dispersers.”Blake, who has spent nearly 20 year
264、s in Africa working in elephant research and conservation, mourns their fate, describing them as “a complex society of intelligent, caring, emotional animals who respect their grandmothers and mourn their dead” and condemns those who neglect their duty to save them.“We will go to Mars-there is no do
265、ubt-humans are too smart not to,” he said. “Yet we do not have the wisdom to protect elephants and their forest environment that do so much for our physical, spiritual, and emotional well-being.38. Elephants help keep slow-growing trees safe and healthy by_.A. providing living space for them.B. disp
266、ersing seeds when searching for food.C. decreasing in number and reducing carbon accumulation.D. protecting them in the forest from being cut down.39. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The world is changing at a faster speed than before.B. People are intelligent enough to protect the envi
267、ronment.C. What we have done to protect elephants is far from satisfactory.D. Animals are so smart that they care much about the well-being of humans.40. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Elephants are in danger of dying out in the near future.B. Elephants are fighting clima
268、te change in ways humans cant.C. Animals are assumed to be the gardeners of the forest.D. Animals are accelerating dangerous climate change.【答案】38. A 39. C 40. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过非洲象的实例告诉我们，大自然找到了保持所有生态平衡的解决方案。而人类又因为大量屠杀非洲象，从而影响了树木的成长。影响了整个生态系统的失衡。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第4段In central Africa for example, eleph
269、ants eat fast-growing trees, making room for those that grow more slowly可知，大象吃掉快速生长的树木，为生长缓慢的树木腾出空间。故选A项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Yet we do not have the wisdom to protect elephants and their forest environment that do so much for our physical, spiritual, and emotional well-being.可知，我们没有足够的智慧来保护大象和它们的森林环境。
270、这些环境对我们的身体、精神和情感健康都有很大的好处。故我们对保护大象和环境所做的事还远远不够。故选C项。【40题详解】主旨大意题。分析文章可知，文章首先提到了大自然母亲找到了方法来保持自然的平衡。后又举例大象通过自己的方式来协助树木成长。因为树木的成长可以促进碳的吸收，从而减少了对气候的破坏。故而大象间接的保护了气候。最后文章有提到，人类还没有足够的智慧保护大象，保护对我们身体和精神都极为重要的环境。通过分析，故选B项。CLondon, New York, Tokyo and Paris these famous cities have a commanding influence on th
271、e world economy and are home to millions of people, as well as internationally famous arts, culture and educational institutions. But they are hardly representative of the rest of the worlds cities. While 54% of the global population live in cities, around half of those live in cities that have 500,
272、000 inhabitants or fewer.These “ordinary” cities can be overlooked by politicians, investors, researchers and big businesses. But they are dynamic places with many layers of social, cultural and economic significance. After experiencing a period of post-industrial decline, many such cities are consi
273、dering urban regeneration (再生) programmes.But that doesnt mean they have to follow the same path as other urban areas. In fact, the research into urban development has found that ordinary cities can avoid some of the ill effects of regeneration, by embracing what makes them unique.At the turn of the
274、 century, city leaders became increasingly interested in the idea of the “creative city,” The idea was to encourage a “creative class” of talented workers to make their homes and businesses in cities, by creating urban spaces that are open, inclusive and diverse, as well as attractive and technologi
275、cally advanced.“Regeneration” became a buzzword associated with these types of strategies, which seek to repurpose seemingly disused or rundown spaces to support an economy led by creative and technological industries. The apparent success of creative city policies was seen in post-industrial centre
276、s such as Detroit, US, following investments in cultural, artistic and musical urban renewal.Such policies swiftly became the go-to strategy for seemingly “ordinary” post-industrial cities around the world, even resulting in new rankings that pit cities against each other, based on criteria includin
277、g entrepreneurship (创业精神), urban leadership and “liveability”. Having plenty of former industrial spaces that can be adapted for new uses, and a desire to be noticed on the national or global stage, encourages investment in urban regeneration from both public and private sources.Yet regeneration pro
278、grammes inspired by the creative city agenda can cause problems. Property developers (地产开发商) and foreign investors have recognized the economic potential of real estate(房地产) in “creative” cities. This has led to rocketing land costs, and many low-income residents have felt the effects of being displ
279、aced from their homes.Yet as more cities seek to emphasize their cultural assets(资产), city leaders and policy makers must be aware of the negative impacts that can arise if local residents are not central to the decision-making process. This emphasizes the need to consider local contexts and communi
280、ties before operating copycat creative policies.41. Some famous cities cant represent the rest of the worlds cities in that_.A. they are always ignored by politicians, researchers and businessmenB. they accommodate millions of people but dont contribute to the world economy.C. about a quarter of glo
281、bal population live in middle-sized and small cities.D. not all famous arts, culture and educational organizations are distributed there.42. What measure was probably taken by cities like Detroit to promote city development?A. Using culture and art as a driving force.B. Forcing low-income residents
282、to move.C. Following the same path as some big cities.D. Encouraging industrial investment continuously.43. What does the author want to stress in the passage?A. Cities should copy regeneration programmes.B. Cities should compete with each other based on some criteria.C. Cities should seek financial
283、 support from sources around the world.D. Cities should consider regional factors before using creative policies.44. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Ordinary cities successfully avoid ill-effects of development.B. Ordinary cities don t have to copy trends to regenerate.C. Ordinary cities
284、are trying to recover from post-industrial decline.D. Ordinary cities are dynamic places with social importance.【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了普通中小城市的发展不必遵循其他城市的方向，而应该保持自己的独特方式，避开一些再生的弊端，换发新的活力。【41题详解】细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句“While 54% of the global population live in cities, around half of thos
285、e live in cities that have 500,000 inhabitants or fewer.”可知，虽然全球人口中有54%的人口住在城市，但是那些人中大约有一半是住在有500,000居民或者更少的城市中。由此可见，全球54%的人口的一半是住在中小型城市，所以一些著名大城市并不能代表全世界其他城市。结合选项可知，C选项正确。【42题详解】细节理解题。由第五段最后一句“The apparent success of creative city policies was seen in post-industrial centres such as Detroit, US, fo
286、llowing investments in cultural, artistic and musical urban renewal.”可知，伴随着在城市文化，艺术和音乐美化方面的投资，创意型城市正常的显著成功可以在后工业中心看见，例如美国的底特律市。由此可见，城市的再发展可以在文化，艺术，音乐方面进行更新，所以为了促进城市的发展，像底特律市那样的城市可以通过推动文化，艺术的使用来实现。结合选项可知，A选项正确。【43题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句“This emphasizes the need to consider local contexts and communities
287、before operating copycat creative policies.”可知，这就强调在盲目模仿创意型政策之前，有必要考虑以下当地的环境和群体。由此可见，作者想要在文中强调城市在进行创意型政策之前，应该考虑下地区因素，如当地环境，当地群体。结合选项可知，D选项正确。【44题详解】主旨大意题。由第三段第一句 “But that doesnt mean they have to follow the same path as other urban areas.”和第二句“In fact, the research into urban development has found
288、that ordinary cities can avoid some of the ill effects of regeneration, by embracing what makes them unique.”，第四段第一句“At the turn of the century, city leaders became increasingly interested in the idea of the “creative city,”可知，但是这并不意味着普通城市不得不去跟随其他城市一样的再生途径。实际上，对城市发展的深入研究发现普通城市可以通过突出自己的独特性，能够让自己避免一些再
289、生中出现的不良效应。城市的领导者们越来越多地对创意型城市感到兴趣。由此可知，文章首先提出了普通城市在城市再生项目中可以通过突出自己独特性，而不需要去模仿其他城市，紧接着具体介绍实施创意性城市政策可以实现自己的独特性。所以本文主要是在讲述普通城市不需要模仿其他城市。结合选项可知，B选项正确。DThe professor“A teacher affects eternity(永恒); he can never tell where his influence stops.”-Henry AdamsHe was eight years old. A telegram came from the ho
290、spital, and since his father, a Russian immigrant, could not read English, Morrie had to break the news, reading his mothers death notice like a student read in front of the class. “We regret to inform you.” he began.On the morning of the funeral, Morries relatives came down the steps of his tenemen
291、t building on the poor Lower East Side of Manhattan.At the cemetery, Morrie watched as they shoveled dirt into his mothers grave. He tried to recall the tender moments they had shared when she was alive. She had operated a candy store until she got sick, after which she mostly slept or sat by the wi
292、ndow, looking frail and weak. Sometimes she would yell out for her son to get her some medicine, and young Morrie, playing stickball in the street, would pretend he did not hear her. In his mind he believed he could make the illness go away by ignoring it.How else can a child deal with death?Morries
293、 father, whom everyone called Charlie, had come to America to escape the Russian Army. He worked in the fur business, but constantly out of a job. Uneducated and barely able to speak English, he was terribly poor, and the family was on the public assistance much of the time. Sometimes, to make money
294、, Morrie and his younger brother, David, would wash porch steps together for a nickel(镍币).One morning, David couldnt move. He had polio(小儿麻痹症). For a long time as his brother was taken back and forth to a special medical home and was forced to wear braces on his legs, which left him limping Morrie f
295、elt responsible.So in the mornings, he went to synagogue(犹太教会堂) and he stood among the swaying men in their long black coats and he asked God to take care of his dead mother and his sick brother.And in the afternoons, he stood at the bottom of the subway steps and sold magazines, turning whatever mo
296、ney he made over to his family to buy food.In the evenings, he watched his father eat in silence, hoping for-but never getting a show of affection, communication, warmth.At nine years old, he felt as if the weight of a mountain were on his shoulders.But a saving embrace came into Morrie, s life the
297、following year: his new stepmother, Eva. She was a short Romanian immigrant with plain features, curly brown hair, and the energy of two women. She had a glow (光) that warmed the otherwise murky atmosphere his father created. She talked when her new husband was silent, she sang songs to the children
298、 at night. Morrie took comfort in her smoothing voice, her school lessons, her strong character. When his brother returned from the medical home, still wearing braces from the polio, the two of them shared a rollaway bed in the kitchen of their apartment, and Eva would kiss them good night. Morrie w
299、aited on those kisses like a puppy waits on milk, and he felt, deep down, that he had a mother again.There was no escaping their poverty, however. Because of the Depression, Morries father found even less work in the fur business.Still, despite their circumstances, Morrie was taught to love and to c
300、are. And to learn. Eva would accept nothing less than excellence in school, because she saw education as the only antidote to their poverty. She herself went to night school to improve her English. Morries love for education was hatched in her arms.He studied at night, by the lamp at the kitchen tab
301、le. And in the mornings he would go to synagogue to say Kaddish-the memorial prayer for the dead for his mother. He did this to keep her memory alive.“What will you do? Eva would ask him.“I don t know,” he would say. He ruled out law, because he didnt like lawyers, and he ruled out medicine, because
302、 he couldnt take the sight of blood.“What will you do?”It was only through default that the best professor I ever had became a teacher.45. Why didnt Morrie respond to Mothers yelling for medicine?A. He didnt know how to help his mother.B. He was too focused on playing stickball.C. He was lost in ten
303、der moments they shared in the past.D. He was too young to understand what was happening to his family.46. After Eva joined in the family, Morrie_.A. began to enjoy a materially rich life.B. witnessed his father changing the atmosphere.C. partly recovered from the sufferings in his life.D. was force
304、d to pursue academic achievements.47. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word antidote?A. alterative.B. credit.C. exception.D. solution.48. What gives Morrie the initial affection for education?A. His stepmothers influence.B. His desire for knowledge.C. His experience at
305、school.D. His memory of Mother.49. Which of the following can best describe Morrie?A. Innocent and adventurous.B. Energetic and ambitious.C. Responsible and diligent.D. Optimistic and religious.50. What can we learn from the story?A. Every cloud has a silver lining.B. No man is wise at all times.C.
306、Time and tide wait for no man.D. Well begun is half done【答案】45. D 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了八岁的Morrie失去了母亲，弟弟也患有小儿麻痹症，家境贫困，九岁的时候，Morrie感到好像有一座大山的重量压在他的肩膀上。直到遇到了他的继母Eva的出现给Morrie带来了一些安慰，尽管他们身处困境，Eva还是教导Morrie要去爱、关心他人以及学习。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Sometimes she would yell out for her
307、son to get her some medicine, and young Morrie, playing stickball in the street, would pretend he did not hear her. In his mind he believed he could make the illness go away by ignoring it.可知有时她会大声叫儿子给她拿药，而在街上玩曲棍球的小Morrie会假装没听见她的话。在他心里，他相信只要不去管它，疾病就会消失。结合上文第一段中He was eight years old.可知他八岁。由此可知，Morri
308、e对妈妈嚷着要药没有反应，因为他太小了，不明白家里发生了什么事。故选D。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第十一段中Morrie took comfort in her smoothing voice, her school lessons, her strong character.可知Morrie从她柔和的声音、学校功课和她坚强的性格中得到安慰。由此可知，Eva来到家里后，Morrie从生活中的苦难中部分恢复了过来。故选C。【47题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文to their poverty. She herself went to night school to improve her Eng
309、lish. Morries love for education was hatched in her arms.可知Eva自己上夜校是为了提高英语水平。Morrie对教育的热爱是在Eva的怀抱中萌发的。由此可知，Eva认为教育是消除贫困的唯一解决方法。故划线单词意思为“解决办法”。故选D。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第六段中Morries love for education was hatched in her arms.可知Morrie对教育的热爱是在她的怀抱中萌发的。由此可知，Morrie最初喜欢上了教育是受了他继母的影响。故选A。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中For a
310、 long time as his brother was taken back and forth to a special medical home and was forced to wear braces on his legs, which left him limping Morrie felt responsible.可知在很长一段时间里，他的弟弟被送进一家特殊的医疗中心，被迫在腿上戴上支架，这让他一瘸一拐的，Morrie觉得自己应当承担起责任。以及倒数第五段中He studied at night, by the lamp at the kitchen table. And i
311、n the mornings he would go to synagogue to say Kaddish-the memorial prayer for the dead for his mother.可知晚上，他在厨房桌子旁的灯旁学习。每天早晨，他都会去犹太教堂诵读圣经，为死去的人祈祷，为他的母亲祈祷。由此可推知，Morrie负责且勤奋。故选C。【50题详解】推理判断题。结合文章记叙了八岁的Morrie失去了母亲，弟弟也患有小儿麻痹症，家境贫困，九岁的时候，Morrie感到好像有一座大山的重量压在他的肩膀上。直到遇到了他的继母Eva的出现给Morrie带来了一些安慰，尽管他们身处困境，E
312、va还是教导Morrie要去爱、关心他人以及学习。由此可推知，故事中Eva就像一束光明一样，照亮了Morrie困苦的生活，故故事告诉我们黑暗中总有一线光明。故选A。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或thats to say, such as等。 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提
313、示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第三小题，根据后文to their poverty. She herself went to night school to improve her Englis
314、h. Morries love for education was hatched in her arms.可知Eva自己上夜校是为了提高英语水平。Morrie对教育的热爱是在Eva的怀抱中萌发的。由此可知，Eva认为教育是消除贫困的唯一解决方法。故划线单词意思为“解决办法”。故选D。（7）天津市河西区2020-2021学年度第二学期高三英语模拟试卷（一）英语试卷阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AA Visitor Oyster card is the cheapest way to pay for a single adult jou
315、rney in London. Its a plastic smartcard.You can use it on the bus, tube, tram, DL R. London Overground and most National Rail services. Its much cheaper than buying individual tickets, in some cases costing 50%less than the price of a regular paper ticket.How to get a Visitor Oyster cardYou can buy
316、a Visitor Oyster card online.Your card will be delivered by post.The card costs 5 and you choose how much money you want to add to the card. This means you can start using the card the moment you arrive in Central London.How does the Visitor Oyster card work?The Oyster card works on a pay-as-you-go
317、system.You start by adding money to the card. Then you travel, the cost of the fare will automatically be deducted from your Visitor Oyster card. For example, if you add 20 to the card and make a tube journey of2.30, you will have 17.70 left on the card.A few more points:A child under the age of ll
318、travels free when accompanied by an adult.Youll save more money if you use the tube several times.The Visitor Oyster card is capped at 6.80 per day.Youll pay more during peak times.Peak fares apply from Monday to Friday(6:30 am- 9:30 am;4:00 pm-7:00 pm).except for public holidays.Reuse the Oyster ca
319、rd by adding credit at a tube station,Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus services:36. What can we learn about the Visitor Oyster card?A. You cant use it during public holidays.B. You can have it mailed directly to your home.C. You can get a free
320、Oyster card if you order online.D. You can receive a 50%discount at any shop in London.37. How much money will be deducted if you take the tube four times in a day with a Visitor Oyster card?A. 2.30.B. 3.40.C. 6.80.D. 9.20.38. Where can you add credit to your Visitor Oyster card?A. At a tube station
321、.B. At a bus station.C. On the InternetD. In convenience stores.39. What does the underlined word“cappedmean in English?A. set an upper limitB. meet a deadlineC. follow a principleD. prohibit visiting【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了伦敦的一种公交卡游客牡蛎卡，说明了如何获得，如何使用以及需要注意的事项。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二
322、段的Your card will be delivered by post.可知， 你可以直接要求把卡邮寄到你的家。故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的 make a tube journey of 2.30(乘坐地铁一次2.30英镑)和A few more points:部分的The Visitor Oyster card is cappedat 6.80 per day.可知，游客牡蛎卡的上限是每天6.80英镑，因此可知，一天乘坐四次地铁将扣除6.80英镑。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二句the Oyster card by adding credit at a
323、tube station, Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.可知，牡蛎卡通过在地铁站、牡蛎票店或游客中心充值。故选A。39题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文Youll save more money if you use the tube several times.(如果你多次使用地铁，你会节省更多的钱。)划线句The Visitor Oyster card is capped at 6.80 per day.表示：游客牡蛎卡每天被cap为6.80英镑，可推断，cap意思是“限定”，每天最高限额是6.80英镑，因此乘坐多次地铁就节省更多的钱。故选A。【点睛
324、】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第2小题，属于细节理解题，根据第三段的 make a tube journey of 2.30(乘坐地铁一次2.30英镑)和A few more points:部分的The Visitor Oyster card is capped
325、 at 6.80 per day.可知，游客牡蛎卡的上限是每天6.80英镑，因此可知，一天乘坐四次地铁将扣除6.80英镑。故选C。BDr.Teruo Higa was born on December 28, 1941 on Okinawa and grew up there. He studied agriculture and took his doctorate from the Agricultural Research Department of Kyushu University Graduate School. He became a lecturer in 1970 and h
326、as been professor of horticulture since 1982.Dr.Higa is famous for creating EM technology.He created EM technology in order to address the problem of excess wastes and bad farming techniques in the present-day world. EM stands for effective microorganisms. It is a multi-culture of coexisting anaerob
327、ic and aerobic microorganisms. Microorganisms are the smallest complete units of life. They can exist independent of a bigger organism. Bacteria are considered microorganisms. They are constantly at work, some helping bigger organisms,and others bringing decay and bad health. These opposing processe
328、s of constructive and destructive forces are always ongoing, creating a balance. If the balance tips towards the destructive side, the host organism grows ill. lf it tips towards the constructive side, the organism experiences good health.These organisms can be used in farming to create a good growi
329、ng environment for all kinds of crops and animals. The process involves collecting human and animal waste products such as kitchen garbage and manure. This is then sealed into a barrel along with a certain amount of EM powder. The microorganisms then turn the waste into mulch, which acts as a great
330、source of nutrients for crops and animals. Rice paddies that are treated with EM produce harvests that are much bigger than those of conventional farms. Moreover, EM rice paddies require less tilling and weeding than other paddies.Dr.Teruo Higas ideas have caught on around the world. One of his bigg
331、est successes was in North Korea, where his technology was used to create a record-breaking crop yield. EM helped many crops, such as corn, Welsh onions and Chinese cabbages in North Korea. For the impoverished nation, this was a godsend.40. Why is Dr.Teruo Higa famous?A. He is a professor of hortic
332、ulture.B. He created EM technology.C. He started making too much waste.D. He is a great farmer.41. Which of the following best describe microorganisms?A. The smallest complete units of life.B. Something that causes bad health.C. Necessary for good health.D. An unimportant part of farming.42. What do
333、 microorganisms do in the EM process?A. They destroy waste products.B. They cause ill health.C. They turn waste into a useful mulch.D. They decrease the size of harvests.43. What happened into North Korea?A. It was a rich country.B. They decided not to use EM technology.C. Dr.Higa was not invited to
334、 the country.D. EM technology led to a record-breaking harvest.44. What does the underlined wordimpoverishedmean in English?A. Rich.B. Poor.C. Far awayD. Large.【答案】40. B 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Teruo Higa博士的生平事迹。他创造了EM技术，解决了当今世界多余的废物和不良的农业技术问题。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的Dr.Higa is famous for
335、creating EM technology.可知，Teruo Higa创造了电磁技术，并为之出名。故选B。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的Microorganisms are the smallest complete units of life.可知，微生物是是生命中最小的完整单位。故选A。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的The microorganisms then turn the waste into mulch可知，微生物把废物变成覆盖层。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第一段的Dr.Teruo Higas ideas have caught on aroun
336、d the world. One of his biggest successes was in North Korea, where his technology was used to create a record-breaking crop yield.(泰罗伊加博士的想法在世界各地流行起来。他最大的成功之一是在朝鲜，在那里他的技术被用来创造了创纪录的作物产量)可知，在朝鲜，EM科技促成了创纪录的丰收。故选D。【44题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文One of his biggest successes was in North Korea, where his technology wa
337、s used to create a record-breaking crop yield.可知，EM科技在朝鲜使用，创造创纪录的收成，结合下文this was a godsend(这是意外的好运)， 可推断，这个好收成对朝鲜有非常大的好处，因此这是一个比较贫穷的国家，划线词与poor意思相近。故选B。CThere is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-
338、combustion engine(内燃机）has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons(活塞）being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computers impact on society. But that is
339、not what is meant by computer literacy.For computer literacy is not a form of literacy(读写能力）; it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of
340、 tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one.Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts
341、 at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more user-friendly. Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. W
342、hat does the phrase learning to use a computer mean? It sounds like learning to drive a car, that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer.In fact,learning to use a computeris much more likelearning to play a game, but learning the ru
343、les of one game may not help you play a second game,whose rules may not be the same.There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use a computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.45. To be the competent citizens of tomorrow, people
344、 should_.A. try to lay a solid foundation in computer scienceB. be aware of how the things that they use do what they doC. learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skillsD. understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car46. In Para2 auto repair and “violin-
345、making are mentioned to show that_.A. programming a computer is as interesting as making a violinB. people who can use a computer dont necessarily have to know computer programmingC. violin making requires as much skill as computer programmingD. our society needs experts in different fields47. Learn
346、ing to use a computer is getting easier all the time because_.A. programs are designed to be convenient to usersB. programs are becoming less complicatedC. programming is becoming easier and easierD. programs are becoming readily available to computer users48. According to the author,the phrase lear
347、ning to use a computer in Para.3 means learning_.A. a set of rulesB. the fundamentals of computer scienceC. specific programsD. general principles of programming49. The authors purpose in writing this passage is_.A. to stress the impact of the computer on societyB. to emphasize that computer program
348、ming is an interesting and challenging jobC. to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrowD. to explain the concept of computer literacy【答案】45. C 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文围绕学生应如何学习计算机，阐述计算机能力的概念。讲述学习如何使用计算机和学习如何编程是两个不同的活动。学习如何使用计算机知识学习这个程序，随着程序改进会变得越来越容易。【4
349、5题详解】推理判断题。根据第2段的A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers.提到未来有能力的人应该从恐惧中解脱出来，第3段的It sounds like learning to drive a car, that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a com
350、puter.则提到学习计算机则就像是“学开车”一样，只要掌握某套技能即可，故可知想要成为明天有能力的公民只需要通过掌握技能学习计算机即可，而不必学习编程，故C正确。【46题详解】推理判断题。在第2段中的But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one.，作者强调一般人只需学会使用计算机，而不必学会编程，最后the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.指出这与“汽车修理”和“小提琴制作”一样，可见作者提到“汽车修理”(类似一般人
351、使用计算机）和“小提琴创作”（类似于电脑专业人员编程)是为了说明上文的观点：能使用计算机的人不必知道计算机编程，故B正确。【47题详解】细节理解题。跟第3段首句Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more user-friendly.(学习如何使用计算机并不难，而且随着程序变得更加“用户友好”，它会变得越来越容易”)可知，学习使用计算机越来越容易的原因是计算机编程变得更user-friendly, A项中的convenie
352、nt to users与此相符，故选A。【48题详解】词句猜测题。根据第4段的In fact, learning to use a computer is much more like learning to play a game, but learning the rules of one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same.(事实上，“学会使用电脑”更像是“学会玩游戏”，但学习一个游戏的规则可能不会帮助你玩第二个规则可能不一样的游戏。)结合下文One can only teac
353、h people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.(一个人只能教人们使用这个或那个程序，一般来说，这是很容易完成的。)可推断，教人学习使用计算机就是教人use this or that program，故C与此相符。故选C。【49题详解】推理判断题。本文围绕如何学习计算机，阐述计算机能力(computer literacy)的概念；它只是一种技能，故B正确。A、C、D均只是利用文中的片言只语拼凑而成的干扰项，不足以概括文章大意。故选D。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上
354、，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。例如小题2，在第2段中的But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one.，作者强调一般人只需学会使用计算机，而不必学会编程，最后the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.指出这与“汽车修理”和“小提琴
355、制作”一样，可见作者提到“汽车修理”(类似一般人使用计算机）和“小提琴创作”（类似于电脑专业人员编程)是为了说明上文的观点：能使用计算机的人不必知道计算机编程，故B正确。DAn introduction to this book is as superfluous as a candle in front of a powerful searchlight. But a convention of publishing seems to require that the candle should be there, and I am proud to be the one to hold i
356、t. About ten years ago I picked up from the pile of new books on my desk a copy of Sons and Lovers by a man of whom I had never heard, and I started to race through it with the immoral speed of the professional reviewer. But after a page or two I found myself reading, really reading. Here washere is
357、a masterpiece in which every sentence counts, a book packed with significant thought and beautiful, arresting phrases, the work of a remarkable genius whose gifts are more richly various than those of any other young English novelist.To appreciate the rich variety of Mr. Lawrence we must read his la
358、ter novels and his volumes of poetry. But Sons and Lovers reveals the range of his power. Here are combined and blended(混合的) sort of “realism” and almost lyric(抒情的) imagery and rhythm. The speech of the people is that of daily life and the things that happen to them are normal adventures and acciden
359、ts; they fall in love, marry, work, fail, succeed, and die. But of their deeper emotions and of the relations of these little human beings to the earth and to the stars, Mr. Lawrence makes something near to poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper “other harmony.”Take the marvellous paragra
360、ph on next to the last page of Sons and Lovers (Mr. Lawrence depends so little on plot in the ordinary sense of the word that it is perfectly fair to read the end of his book first):Where was he? One tiny upright speck of flesh, less than an ear of wheat lost in the field. He could not bear it. On e
361、very side the immense dark silence seemed pressing him, so tiny a spark, into extinction, and yet, almost nothing, he could not be extinct. Night, in which everything was lost, went reaching out, beyond stars and sun, stars and sun, a few bright grains, went spinning round for terror, and holding ea
362、ch other in embrace, there in the darkness that outpassed them all, and left them tiny and daunted(气馁). So much, and himself, infinitesimal, at the core a nothingness, and yet not nothing.Such glorious writing lifts the book far above a novel which is merely a story. I beg the reader to attend to ev
363、ery line of it and not to miss a single one of the many sentences that await and surprise you. Some are enthusiastic and impressive, like the paragraph above; others are keen, “realistic” observations of things and people. In one of his books Mr. Lawrence makes a character say, or think, that life i
364、s “mixed.” That indicates his philosophy and his method. He blends the accurately literal and trivial(琐碎的) with the extremely poetic.To find a similar blending of tiny daily detail and wide imaginative vision, we must go back to two older novelists, Hardy and Meredith. I do not mean that Mr. Lawrenc
365、e derives(源于) immediately from them or, indeed, that he is clearly the disciple(弟子) of any master. I do feel simply that he is of the elder stature(名望) of Hardy and Meredith, and I know of no other young novelist who is quite worthy of their company. When I first tried to express this comparison, th
366、is connection, I was contradicted by a fellow-critic, who pointed out that Meredith and Hardy are entirely unlike each other and that therefore Mr. Lawrence cannot resemble both. To be sure, nothing is more hateful than forced comparisons, nothing more boring than to discover parallels between one w
367、ork of art and another. An artists mastery consists in his difference from other masters. But to refer a young man of genius to an older one, at the same time pronouncing his independence and originality, is a fair, if not very superior, method of praising him.50 The underlined word “superfluous” in
368、 paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A. meaningfulB. unnecessaryC. fundamentalD. unbelievable51. What is typical of Lawrences works?A. They equally reveal his genius power.B. They contain lots of great lyric poetry.C. They present some real living situations.D. They focus on relations between hum
369、ans.52. What does the author want to illustrate by including one paragraph from Sons and Lovers?A. The plot of the novel has little to do with daily life.B. It is wise to read Lawrences books from the end.C. Lawrence is capable of telling good stories.D. The language in Lawrences books is elegant.53
370、. Who were Hardy and Meredith?A. They taught Lawrence literature when he was young.B. They were the realistic novelists of Lawrences time.C. They were novelists who resemble each other in writing.D. They were novelists combining details with imagination.54. According to the author, what does an arti
371、sts mastery mean?A. He must have personal diversity.B. He must have the critical spirits.C. He must be happy to be compared.D. He must be a man of genius.55. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To introduce Lawrences novel Sons and Lovers.B. To show his experiences of reading class
372、ics.C. To analyze Lawrences writing characteristics.D. To compare the styles of different novelists.【答案】50. B 51. C 52. D 53. D 54. A 55. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以劳伦斯的作品儿子和爱人为例介绍了劳伦斯的作品的特点在不破坏诗歌和散文的和谐的前提下，使其更接近诗歌和散文，内容还展示了一些真实的生活场景，同时作者还指出一个艺术家的才能在于具有个人的多样性。【50题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“as a candle in front of a p
373、owerful searchlight.”可知，一本书的序言就像强光探照灯前的蜡烛一样多余，由此可知画线词词义为“没必要的”，故B项正确。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The speech of the people is that of daily life and the things that happen to them are normal adventures and accidents”可知，劳伦斯作品中人物的语言是日常生活用语，发生在她们身上的也都是日常生活中的经历，也就是展示了一些真实的生活场景，故C项正确。【52题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Mr. Law
374、rence makes something near to poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper “other harmony.”可知，劳伦斯在不破坏诗歌和散文的和谐的前提下，使他的作品更接近诗歌和散文，语言很优美，作者举儿子和爱人中的一段为例就是为了证明这一点，故D项正确。【53题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To find a similar blending of tiny daily detail and wide imaginative vision, we must go back to two older nov
375、elists, Hardy and Meredith.”可知，为了找到将生活中的细节和想象结合起来的作品，我们必须求助于两位更年长的小说家Hardy和 Meredith，由此可知他俩都是将生活中的细节和想象结合起来的小说家，故D项正确。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“An artists mastery consists in his difference from other masters.”可知，作者认为一个艺术家的才能在于他必须与其他的大师的不同，也就是具有个人的多样性，故A项正确。【55题详解】作者意图题。通读全文可知，这篇文章以劳伦斯的作品儿子和爱人为例介绍了劳伦斯的作
376、品的特点在不破坏诗歌和散文的和谐的前提下，使其更接近诗歌和散文，内容还展示了一些真实的生活场景，故C项正确。【点睛】作者意图题的难度较大，需要根据文章主旨来把握作者意图，例如本篇第6题，通读全文可知，这篇文章以劳伦斯的作品儿子和爱人为例介绍了劳伦斯的作品的特点在不破坏诗歌和散文的和谐的前提下，使其更接近诗歌和散文，同时他的作品还展示了一些真实的生活场景。（8）石家庄市第一中学20192020学年第二学期期中考试高一年级英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AThe 3 Best Marvel Films-rankedIt seems
377、that ranking films well is always a tough task. In the hearts of millions of fans, everyone has his own choice. Superhero films are even more so. Recently, The Guardian has chosen three of the most popular Marvel films.0.3 Blade (2002)This film continues the story of an earlier 1998s Blade and is di
378、rected by Guillermo. The story once again concerns the mysterious day walker, played by Wesley Snipes. It is an action film full of high technology and the fighting scenes Guillermo expresses are horribly exciting. Not a typical superhero film, in many ways, but a great one.No. 2 Black Panther (2018
379、)This superb film is an entertaining adventure, with a richer component (成分) of fantasy than the other Marvel films. The character of Black Panther is recognized as one of Marvels greatest heroes. It is a big hit across the board. It also employs Rachel Morrison who is MCUS first woman cinematograph
380、er, a photographer who operates a movie camera. Marvel Studios president, Kevin Feige, has promised to get more women writers and directors on board. So far, the only Marvel female writer is Nicole Perlman for Guardians of the Galaxy.NO 1 Thor: Ragnarok (2017)It is smart, visually exciting and perha
381、ps above all, funny. And its funny in a way that only Marvel films can be. It suggests that to some degree comedy can be an important part of the drama. Taika Waititi was an inspired choice as director. Hemsworth plays the role of Thor and Cate Blanchett plays Hela, the goddess of death who also hap
382、pens to be Thors half sister.1. Which film is the most popular one according to The Guardian?A. Blade .B. Black Panther.C. Guardians of the Galaxy.D. Thor: Ragnarok.2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Ranking superhero films is easy.B. Bladeis a typical superhero film.C. Ni
383、cole Perlman is the only Marvel female writer so far.D. Taika Waititi, Hemsworth and Cate Blanchett act in one film.3. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To introduce some superhero films.B. To advertise for some films.C. To comment on the Marvels history.D. To advise people to le
384、arn from heroes.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章以影评的形式，介绍了卫报评选的三部评分最高的漫威电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的小标题“NO 1 Thor: Ragnarok (2017)”可知，雷神3：诸神黄昏被卫报评为最佳漫威电影。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“So far, the only Marvel female writer is Nicole Perlman for Guardians of the Galaxy.”可知，Nicole Perlman是目前漫威唯一一个女性创作者。故选C项。【3题详
385、解】推理判断题。根据第一段“It seems that ranking films well is always a tough task. In the hearts of millions of fans, everyone has his own choice. Superhero films are even more so. Recently, The Guardian has chosen three of the most popular Marvel films.”可知，本文的主要内容就是介绍三部卫报评选的最佳漫威超级英雄电影，A选项“介绍一些超级英雄电影”符合文章主题。故选A
386、项。BThe event happened to Hunter as if it were yesterday when he was working in a fancy French restaurant in Denver. The ice cream he was serving fell onto the white dress of a rich and important woman.Thirty years have passed, but Hunter cant get the memory out of his mind, nor the womans kind react
387、ion. She was shocked, regained calmness and, in a kind voice, told the young Hunter, “Its OK. It wasnt your fault.” When she left the restaurant, she also left the future Fortune 500 CEO with a life lesson. You can tell a lot about a person by the way he or she treats the waiter.Hunter isnt the only
388、 CEO to have made this discovery. Rather, it seems to be one of those few laws of the land that every CEO learns on the way up. Its hard to get a dozen CEOS to agree about anything, but most agree with the Waiter Rule. They say how others treat the CEO says nothing. But how others treat the waiter i
389、s like a window into the soul.Watch out for anyone who pulls out the power card to say something like, “I could buy this place and fire you,” or “I know the owner and I could have you fired.” Those who say such things have shown more about their character than about their wealth and power.The CEO wh
390、o came up with it, or at least first wrote it down, is Raytheon CEO Bill Swanson. He wrote a best-selling book called Swansons Unwritten Rules of Management.“A person who is nice to you but rude to the waiter, or to others, is not a nice person,” Swanson says. “I will never offer a job to the person
391、 who is sweet to the boss but turns rude to someone cleaning the tables.”4. What happened after Hunter dropped the ice cream onto the womans dress?A. He was fired.B. He was blamed.C. The woman comforted him.D. The woman left the restaurant at once.5. Hunter learned one of his life lessons from_.A. h
392、is experience as a waiter.B. the advice given by the CEOS.C. an article in Fortune.D. an interesting best-selling book.6. Most CEOS have the same opinion about_ depending on the text.A. Fortune 500 companies.B. the Management Rules.C. Swansons book.D. the Waiter Rule.7. From the text we can learn th
393、at_.A. one should be nicer to important people.B. CEOS often show their power before others.C. one should respect others no matter who they are.D. CEOS often have meals in expensive restaurants.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章从一件小事引入，年轻的服务员在饭店里不小心把蛋糕弄在顾客的白裙子上却得到了对方的原谅，后来他成为大公司的CEO，对这件事始终记忆犹新。
394、文章借此要告诉人们，一个人对待大人物的态度说明不了什么，对待服务员这样的小人物的态度才能反映出这个人的品行。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“She was shocked, regained calmness and, in a kind voice, told the young Hunter, “Its OK. It wasnt your fault.”可知，这位女士不仅没有责怪他，还宽慰说这不是他的错。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“When she left the restaurant, she also left the future Fortune 5
395、00 CEO with a life lesson.”可知，当时还是服务员的Hunter就是从这段经历中学到了重要的一课。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Its hard to get a dozen CEOS to agree about anything, but most agree with the Waiter Rule.”可知，绝大多数CEO都同意“服务员规则”。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A person who is nice to you but rude to the waiter, or to others, is not a n
396、ice person”可知，对待身份地位相对较低的人的态度可以反映出一个人的真正品格，所以我们应当对周围的人一视同仁，保持尊重。故选C项。CImagine possessing something that you loved so much. Imagine what it would feel like if you lost it. While that item may be something as simple as a toy, you would still feel very upset, but you could replace it with a new one. No
397、w imagine losing something that you depend on for survival and cannot be replaced. That is what it would be like if we lost the natural environment around us.Firstly, I believe the environment should be protected because it supports human life. One of the largest examples is that we get all of our f
398、ood and drinks from the environment. If the environment were to be destroyed beyond revival, then the human race would be over in months. Scientists have to find another planet with similar conditions to the Earth, and if its found, we dont have the technology to get to that planet in time.Secondly,
399、 I believe that the environment serves as an amazing educational tool for students. When I was in second grade, I had an absolute interest in animals. When we had a field trip to the Daggerwing Nature Center, I was very excited. When we got there, I could hardly believe what I was seeing. There was
400、a bridge to get to the main building, and under the bridge was a small swamp (沼泽) with turtles, fish, and my personal favorite, alligators. I was so surprised that I almost ran into the tour guide. We walked into the building and saw various animals in their habitats. I was so inspired by this visit
401、. Six years later, I have taken an animal behavior class for three weeks. Meeting by chance with the environment can inspire people, and if preserved, it will continue to inspire people.In conclusion, the environment is so valuable because it cant be replaced, keeps us alive, and serves as a great e
402、ducational tool.8. The first paragraph leads to the theme of the text by_.A. describing a process.B. presenting differences.C. analyzing causes.D. showing similarities.9. The underlined word “revival” in paragraph 2 refers to_.A. health.B. recovery.C. range.D. survival.10. Whats the function of para
403、graph 3?A. To express the writers absolute interest in animals.B. To introduce the Daggerwing Nature Centers scenery.C. To show the environment can inspire and educate people.D. To prove the subject he has chosen is promising.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Why the E
404、nvironment Is So Important?B. Which Planet Can Replace the Earth?C. How People Should Protect the Environment?D. What People Can Do to Stop Pollution?【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A【解析】本文是议论文。作者用最心爱的东西比喻环境的重要性，接着从两个方面来论述环境的重要性：环境是人们生存的保障，是无法取代的；环境也是一个很有价值的教育工具。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Now imagine losing somet
405、hing that you depend on for survival and cannot be replaced. That is what it would be like if we lost the natural environment around us.（现在想象一下，你失去了赖以生存、无法替代的东西。如果我们失去了周围的自然环境，情况就会是这样。）”，作者用失去最心爱的东西来比喻我们失去赖以生存的环境。因此判断出作者是以比喻类似的东西来引出话题的。故选D项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后的一句“then the human race would be over in
406、months.（那么人类将在几个月内灭绝。）”，可知，前一句意指“环境遭到极为严重的破坏，无法恢复”。因此可以推测，beyond revival 意思为“无法恢复，不可挽回”，revival 意思为“恢复”。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的首句“I believe that the environment serves as an amazing educational tool for students.”和最后一句“Meeting by chance with the environment can inspire people, and if preserved, it
407、will continue to inspire people. ”，作者讲述了自己二年级时到自然中心实地考察的经历。正是这次的实地考察之旅，让作者深受鼓舞，后来选修动物行为课。作者认为环境对学生来说是一个神奇的教育工具。因此判断出在第三段中作者是表明环境可以教育人们、激励人们。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中“the environment is so valuable because it cant be replaced, keeps us alive, and serves as a great educational tool. ”，作者认为环境是如此珍贵，因为
408、它是不可替代的，是人类生存的保障，并且是了不起的教育工具。因此作者是论述环境的重要性。文章标题应为“环境为什么很重要？”故选A项。DIts 51 years since man first stepped on the moon, and were still dreaming of escaping life on Earth for the mysteries of space. If a career as an astronaut isnt interesting for you, perhaps the promise of a stay in a space hotel might
409、 be attractive.Californian company The Gateway Foundation has released plans for the Von Braun Station, a ship-style hotel floating among the stars. The aim is to get the hotel off the ground by 2025 and make it fully operational for travel by 2027. According to the video and images released by the
410、Gateway Foundation, the station looks like a rotating(旋转)wheel, made up of 24 parts, circling the Earth. Tim Alatorre, senior designer at the Gateway Foundation, says the wheel can create a simulated(模仿的) gravity.The Gateway Foundations hotel design is named for Wernher Von Braun, an aerospace engin
411、eer who pioneered rocket technology, first in Germany and later in the United States.Space tourism is an expensive game-a stay in its space hotel will cost $9. 5 million. The Von Braun Station will sleep 352 people with a maximum capacity of 450.So what will Von Braun Station be like inside? On boar
412、d. therell be warm suites with carpets and stylish touches and bars that wouldnt look out of place back on Earth, just with star -observing views. There will also be plenty of fun amusement activities for guest to enjoy, says Alatorre. “Were going to have a number of different amusement activities a
413、nd games thatll highlight the fact that youre able to do things that you cant do on Earth,” he says. “Because of the weightlessness and the reduced gravity, youll be able to jump higher, be able to lift things, be able to run in ways that you cant on Earth.”Given the design is still exactly that jus
414、t a design there are some questions that remain unanswered about how the space hotel will work in reality. The construction on the Gateway Foundations project is set to begin on October 1, 2021.12. What can we know about the new hotel according to the second paragraph?A. It will be put into use by t
415、he year of 2025.B. There will be no gravity in the new hotel.C. The first customers of the hotel are astronauts.D. The wheel-like hotel will go around the earth.13. Why is the new hotel called Von Braun Station?A. Because is named after the designer of the hotel.B. Because it is in honor of a great
416、space engineer.C. Because it is the first space hotel in the world.D. Because it is the symbol of international cooperation.14. Which of the following best describes the inside of the hotel?A. Surprising and risky.B. Creative but uncomfortableC. Funny and creativeD. Interesting and fancy.15. What ca
417、n we learn from the last paragraph?A. The construction of the hotel has started.B. The project on the earth will be finished by 2021.C. There are some problems which need to be solved.D. Some people question whether the hotel should be built.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项将在2021年启
418、动的太空旅馆项目，并介绍了该项目的一些特色。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“According to the video and images released by the Gateway Foundation, the station looks like a rotating(旋转)wheel, made up of 24 parts, circling the Earth.”可知，这个空间站会围绕地球旋转。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The Gateway Foundations hotel design is named for Wernher Von
419、 Braun, an aerospace engineer who pioneered rocket technology, first in Germany and later in the United States.”可知，该旅馆以Von Braun为名，就是为了纪念一位伟大的航空工程师。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“There will also be plenty of fun amusement activities for guest to enjoy”可知，除了常规旅店里的布置以外，太空旅馆会提供很多新鲜的、不同于地球上的娱乐活动，这使得在这里的体验会变得有
420、趣好玩。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Given the design is still exactly that just a design there are some questions that remain unanswered about how the space hotel will work in reality.”可知，目前项目还处于设计阶段，就是因为还有一些问题有待解决。故选C项。【点睛】细节理解题是阅读理解中最常见的题型，考生需要清楚，文章中心是论点，事实细节就是论据或主要理由，细节理解题就是有关文章细节的问题，常对文中某个词语、句子、段落的细
421、节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。常用且比较稳妥的方法是排除干扰项，细节理解题中的干扰项一般分为范围过大或过小、偷换概念、正误并存等类型，可逐句在文中寻找根据加以甄别。第1小题中，A选项“将在2025年以前投入使用”与文中“make it fully operational for travel by 2027”的说法不符；B选项“新的旅馆里会是零重力”也不符合“the wheel can create a simulated(模仿的) gravity”所说的模仿地球正常重力；C选项“旅馆的第一批顾客将会是宇航员”则并未提到。由此就可以通过排除确定正确答案。（9）四川
422、省泸县第五中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AIn Britain, many theatres put on shows for children at Christmas and many theatres have a theatre-in-education team working there. This team, made up of actors and teachers, writes plays for children, usually performing the
423、m in schools. They do different plays for different age groups and the children often take part in the play in some way.Pantomime is a special kind of Christmas show for children. It is loved by people and also allows the audience to join in. “Pantomime” was the name of the Roman actor who performed
424、 shows without speaking this is where the English word “mime” comes from.A pantomime is always based on a well-known childrens story. But there are always certain types of characters in the show and certain situations and events. For example, a pantomime must always include a hero, known as the “pri
425、ncipal boy” and this principal boy is always played by a pretty girl wearing a short costume. Then there is the comic older woman, known as the “dame” who is played by a man. There is always a group of men and women who sing and dance and often there is a pantomime horse. The horse is played by two
426、men who form the “front” and “back” ends inside a “horse” costume. It is funny and it usually kicks the dame when she isnt looking.Members of the audience have to shout a warning to one of the characters and argue with the character (usually the dame) when she does not believe them. When she shouts,
427、 “Oh no, it isnt,” the audience always responds with “Oh yes, it is!” The audience also learns and sings a simple song and a few children are sometimes invited to help one of the characters during the show.1The theatre-in-education teams _.Aare made up of famous local actorsBwrite plays for the same
428、 age groupCoften give plays in their own theatresDusually allow children to join in a play2According to the text, a pantomime _.Ais designed to make people laughBis made up of three charactersCis especially popular with grown-upsDcan be watched all year round in Britain3When the dame says, “Yes, it
429、is”, the audience should _.Afollow her and singBstand up and danceCrepeat what she saysDdisagree with her loudly【答案】1D2A3D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在圣诞节专为孩子们表演的一种哑剧。1细节理解题。根据文中的They do different plays for different age groups and the children often take part in the play in some way.可知，这种教育剧场团队为不同的年龄群体表演
430、，孩子们也经常在剧中参演。故选D。2总结概括题。通过阅读全文可知，这个哑剧深受观众喜爱，其中不乏很多滑稽表演，让人捧腹大笑。故选A。3细节理解题。根据文中的Members of the audience have to shout a warning to one of the characters and argue with the character (usually the dame) when she does not believe them.可知，观众要和演员进行“争论”，即表达与演员不同的意思。故选D。BDerek Rabclo is not the only surfer t
431、o conquer Hawaii s famous Pipeline big wave break, but while all others use their sight to do it, this young professional surfer must rely only on his other senses. Thatsbecause he is completely blind.When Derek was born, over 24 years ago, he got his name from Derek Ho, the first Hawaiian surfing w
432、orld champion. A surfing enthusiast himself, Emesto dreamed that his son would share the talent of his uncle, a professional surfer. Unfortunately, Derek was born completely blind, but this didnt slop his family from believing lhat he could do anything he wanted, even if that meant becoming a surfer
433、.At age 2, Derek received a bodyboard and the beaches of Guarapari, Brazil, became his backyard. He was always comfortable in the water and surfing was in his blood, but he didnt actually try riding a wave until he turned 17, when his father bought him a surfboard. His father taught him the basics a
434、nd encouraged him to keep practicing, but after successfully standing up on the surfboard, Derek knew he needed to become much better if he was going to achieve Emestos dream and become a professional surfer. So he joined the Praia do Moroo surfschool, where he studied under coach Fabio Maru.Standin
435、g up on a surfboard and conquering small waves is one thing, while gathering the courage to take on Hawaiis board-breaking Pipeline is another. But thats exactly what Derek Rabelo set out to do just months after learning how to surf. Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it
436、. And he did, earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning. Now 24, Rabelo has been surfing the Pipeline every winter since.4What does the first paragraph tell us?AGood eyesight is necessary for becoming good suffers.BNobody has ever conquered Hawaiis big wave
437、 break.CDerek Rabelo dreams to conquer Hawaiis big wave break.DDerek Rabelo is the only blind professional surfer to conquer Hawaiis big wave break.5How did Ernesto behave after Derek was born?AHe named him after his uncle.BHe never lost confidence in him.CHe sent him to a surfing champion.DHe start
438、ed his own interest in surfing.6After Derek was able to stand up on the surfboard, he_.Abegan to try riding a waveBwas no longer afraid of waterCrealized he still had a long way to goDknew his fathers dream had come true7Which of the following words can best describe Derek according to the last para
439、graph?ABrave and confident.BSkillful but proud.CThoughtfuland modest.DCourageous but stubborn.【答案】4D5B6C7A【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了Derek Rabclo唯一一位盲人职业冲浪者，他征服了夏威夷的巨浪。4D段落大意题。根据第一段主要进述了虽然Derek Rabclo不是唯一征服了夏威夷的巨浪职业冲浪者，但他是唯一一位盲人职业冲浪者，他征服了夏威夷的巨浪。故选D。5B细节理解题。根据第二段but this didnt stop his family from believing that
440、 he could do anything he wanted, even if that meant becoming a surfer.可知，Ernesto自从Derek出生就从没有对他失去过信心。故选B。6C细节理解题。根据第三段but after successfully standing up on the surfboard, Derek knew he needed to become much better if he was going to achieve Emestos dream and become a professional surfer.可知，当Derek站到冲
441、浪板上之后，他知道他还有很远的路要走。故选C。7A推理判断题。根据最后一段Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it. And he did, earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning.可知，每个人都告诉他这太危险了，但他觉得自己能做到。他做到了，赢得了像凯利斯莱特和米克范宁这样的著名职业冲浪者的赞扬。所以可以推断出他是勇敢而且自信的。故选A。CThis is what HBOs
442、 Veep has been trying to doby making US presidential election into a comedy.Presented for the first time in 2012, Veep follows the daily life of Selina Meyer, the fictional vice-president (or “Veep” for short) of the US. We see that as much as Meyer wants to have an influence, shedespite being the s
443、econd-in-command of the countryis constantly ignored by the president and kept away from important meetings. Meyer herself isnt exactly competent: she has to put out political fires every once in a while but usually ends up making things worse.The show also finds humor in a much darker side of polit
444、ics: the unreal smiles and wrongdoings of politicians. When a mass shooting happens in the show, for example, instead of feeling shocked, Meyer is actually glad, because she feels it may help draw peoples attention from her. “It feels like peeking (窥视) behind a curtain and seeing the truth of who th
445、ese politicians really are,” wrote reporter Kathryn VanArendonk.But Veep is refreshing not just for the way it handles politics, but also because its leading role is a woman politician, especially in a comedy, considering the fact that comedies used to be an all-male kingdom. “Theres more opportunit
446、y (机会) for women in comedic roles than 20 or 30 years ago,” Julia Louis-Dreyfus, 58 this year, who plays Meyer, said. “Theres more opportunity for roles that are not just the angry wife or the cute girlfriend.”In the 7th and final season of Veep, which came out on March 31, 2019, Meyer is finally ru
447、nning for president. No matter where the showand Meyeris heading, and whether you appreciate its way to deal with politics, the bottom line here is that Veep is funny.8Which of the following best describes Meyer?AHardworking and demanding.BHumorous and influential.CAmbitious but untalented.DEducated
448、 but lazy.9How old was Julia Louis Dreyfus when Veeps first season came out？A49.B51.C53.D58.10What can know about women according to Julia Louis -Dreyfus?AThey are fit for politics.BThey dont like comedies.CThey were left out of some fields.DThey seldom used to be successful.11What is the best title
449、 for the text?AMeyer runs for presidentBPolitics can be funnyCWomen like powerDA comedian realizes her dream【答案】8C9B10C11B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。是一篇剧评，政治可以很有趣 或者至少很好玩。这正是HBO出品的美剧副总统试图做到的一点 让美国总统大选成为喜剧。8推理判断题。根据文章第二段We see that as much as Meyer wants to have an influence和Meyer herself isnt exactly competen
450、t:可知，身为副手的梅耶想要有所作为，但梅耶的自身能力并不强。所以推断出梅耶有抱负但无天赋。故选C。9细节理解题。根据文章第二段Presented for the first time in 2012, Veep follows the daily life of Selina Meyer, the fictional vice-president (or “Veep” for short) of the US.和第四段Julia Louis-Dreyfus, 58 this year, who plays Meyer,和最后一段In the 7th and final season of V
451、eep, which came out on March 31, 2019可知，美剧副总统于2012年首播，梅耶扮演者茱莉亚路易斯-德瑞弗斯现年58岁，副总统第七季也是最后一季于2019年3月31日播出，从而可以计算出茱莉亚路易斯-德瑞弗斯在第一季播出时51岁。故选B。10推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theres more opportunity for women in comedic roles than 20 or 30 years ago,” Julia Louis-Dreyfus, 58 this year, who plays Meyer, said. “Theres more o
452、pportunity for roles that are not just the angry wife or the cute girlfriend.”茱莉亚路易斯-德瑞弗斯认为，相比二三十年前，现在有更多的机会让女性出演喜剧角色。从而可知，在过去，喜剧角色大多数是男性的王国，女性扮演喜剧的角色被排除在外。故选C。11主旨大意题。根据文章第一段This is what HBOs Veep has been trying to doby making US presidential election into a comedy.及全文内容可知，政治可以很有趣 或者至少很好玩。这正是HBO出品
453、的美剧副总统试图做到的一点 让美国总统大选成为喜剧。故选B。DIn this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter
454、one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition which she won last year.As a writer, I know about winning contests and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection letter from the publisher. I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a
455、reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesnt win the contest again? Thats the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and destroyed hopes can resurface in our children.A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, “Dont you want to win again?” “No,” she
456、 replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously (自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, confli
457、cts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.Staying back and giving kids space t
458、o grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting my daughters experience.While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follo
459、w with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.12What do we learn from the first paragraph?AA lot of amusements compete for childrens
460、time nowadays.BChildren have lots of fun doing mindless activities.CRebecca is much too busy to enjoy her leisure time.DRebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.13What did the author say about her own writing experience?AShe was constantly under pressure to write more.BMost of her
461、stories had been rejected by publishers.CShe did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.DHer road to success was full of pain and frustrations.14Why did Rebecca want to enter this years writing contest?AShe believed she possessed real talent for writing.BShe was sure of winning with her mot
462、hers help.CShe wanted to share her stories with readers.DShe had won a prize in the previous contest.15The underlined sentence probably means that the author was _.Atrying not to let her daughter enjoy her own lifeBtrying to get her daughter to do the thing as the author wishedCmaking sure that her
463、daughter would win the contestDhelping her daughter develop real skills for writing【答案】12A13D14C15B【解析】【分析】试题分析：本文讲述了一个作家母亲指导女儿写作的故事。通过作者的亲身经历向人们揭示出当今社会的子女教育问题。12A 细节理解题。根据文章首句In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child
464、 occupied.可以看出现在供孩子们消遣娱乐的活动不少。故选A。13D推理判断题。根据文章第二段前半部分描述As a writer, I know about winning contests and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection letter from the publisher. I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by pre
465、vious victories.，可知作者品尝过失败，体验过小说被退稿的感受，承受过保住荣誉的压力，故D选项“他的成功之路充满痛苦和挫折”与之符合，由此可知选D。14C细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容，可知她想告诉人们一个小学一年级的天使的故事，也即想与人们分享这个故事，可知C项说法正确。15B推理判断题。划线部分的句意为：我已经把她的比赛便成了我的比赛，甚至自己都没有意识到。由此可看出作者尽力让女儿按照自己的期望那么做。故选B。（10）西藏自治区山南市第二高级中学2020-2021学年高一第二学期月考考试英语试卷阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
466、上写出。ATravelling to China is like travelling to another world. Its many famous beautiful places will make you lose yourself in them. However, it is usually not enough for a traveller only to visit these nice places. If you have time to see the local people, talk with them and even have dinner with a
467、local family, it would be a wonderful experience, to know more about the local peoples life style at home in China.New Hope Travel Agency will arrange (安排) a family visit to Xian, an ancient historic city inChina. We especially have chosen typical local families to host this activity in which you ca
468、n see the true living style of Chinese people. Most of the hosts retired (退休) at home, so they are happy to see visitors from different countries to come to their homes.Not only can we arrange to visit the local family but we can arrange to taste the true home cooked dishes. Our tour guide will ask
469、you for advice about the food you want to eat. Just enjoy the locally cooked dishes. Itll be quite a different and exciting experience.Our agency also provides a good opportunity for you to learn to cook Chinese food. We have a general cooking class in the local family. If youd like to learn to cook
470、 one or two Chinese dishes, please go to our Chinese Food Cooking Class to choose your favorite dishes.Dont wait. Welcome to China.1. Where does the writer want the tourist to travel?A. To the local family. B. To beautiful places. C. To the mountains. D. To cooking. schools.2. New Hope Travel Agency
471、 will arrange a family visit to _.A. Yanan B. Beijing C. Xian D. Shanghai3. The hosts are happy to see visitors from different countries probably because _.A. they have retired and have free time B. they want to learn a foreign languageC. they want to make some money D. they want to travel to anothe
472、r country【答案】ACABLots of students know what a marathon(马拉松赛跑) is, but perhaps they dont know what triathlon is. The triathlon is a sport that has three parts swimming, bicycling and running. It is not an easy sport, but a man named Joe Salter is very good at it. A few months ago, he finished a speci
473、al triathlonhe juggled (抛起接住) three balls all the time during the triathlon. That is to say, he kept on throwing and catching three balls while he was swimming, riding a bicycle and running.31-year-old Joe is from Florida, the USA. He loves juggling and he started at the age of 8. Joe did well in ju
474、ggling. Later, he got the idea to do a triathlon and juggle at the same time to make it more fun. Many juggling fans laughed at his idea and thought it was just a joke. But Joe didnt give up and he kept practicing it. Because of his hard work, he made it at last.Talking about his triathlon, Joe said
475、 swimming was the hardest part. “It was difficult and complex,” he said. “I basically only used my legs, so it took quite a lot of work. Also, swimming in open water made it a little harder. It was not like in a pool. ”4. According to the writer, the common triathlon _.A. is a difficult sportB. is m
476、ore famous than the marathonC. includes the three parts and jugglingD. includes the marathon and swimming5. Joes triathlon was special because _ during the triathlon.A. he picked up three ballsB. he played jugglingC. he carried his bicycle on his shoulderD. he threw away all his balls6. Many jugglin
477、g fans thought Joes idea _.A. could not be realized B. should not be laughed atC. should be realized as soon as possible D. could make triathlon more exciting7. The underlined part “made it” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “_”.A. forgotB. failedC. succeededD. left【答案】ABACCToo many people want ot
478、hers to be their friends, but they dont give friendship back. That is why some friendships dont last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的); be
479、 understanding.Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you dont tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you havent been honest, you may lose your friends trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act hone
480、stly.Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You dont have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoy, like our hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is im
481、portant to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better.Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be
482、 a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friends place so you can understand the problem better.No two friendships are ever exactly alike (相同). But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty.
483、 Generosity and understanding.8. Some friendships dont last very long because .A. there are too many people who want to make friends.B. they dont know friendship is something seriousC. those who give others friendships receive friendships from othersD. those who never give others friendships receive
484、 no friendship from others9. According to the passage, honesty is .A. as important as money B. more important than anything elseC. something countable D. the base of a friendship10. Which of the following is NOT true in the passage?A. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.B. Always
485、 tell your friend the truth.C. Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem.D. Sharing your mind with your friend is of great value.【答案】DDA（11）浙江省嘉兴市第一中学2020-2021学年高一4月阶段练习英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上写出。AThere is a certain atmosphere surrounding somebo
486、dy who lives in Washington. Everybody seems to think that you know more about what is going on, and a fellow who makes his home in Washington can look forward to being invited to lots of parties.I discovered this when I went up to New York recently. At the first dinner party, everyone was most inter
487、ested in what was going on in Washington and I was quite honest and admitted I had no idea. Not only did this disappoint the people I was dining with, it also made them angry. They couldnt believe that I didnt know and assumed I wasnt telling the truth.When I was leaving, the hostess told me, “We di
488、dnt expect you to tell us everything, but I see no reason why you have to protect the Administration.” I decided then I would have to come up with some inside information, or I would have to pay for my own meals in New YorkSo the next morning I went through all the morning papers and took time to wa
489、tch TV for what had happened recently. When I arrived at the party, I was well prepared to discuss almost anything. “What do they say about taxes in Washington?” a lawyer asked.“Ive heard there will probably be a tax cut next year,” I said.“Can you tell us what the President plans to do about Latin
490、America?”“Im sorry!” I said, “There are some things the President discusses with me that I just cant talk about in public.”“Quite true,” the lawyer agreed, “Youve probably told us more than you should anyway.”For the next three days I had more invitations to dinner parties than I could accept. But i
491、t has been quite a strain. I have to go on reading so many newspapers and watching so many TV shows from Washington that sometimes I wonder if its worth the trouble.1At the first dinner party the people were disappointed and angry because_.Athe author did not tell them the truthBthe author refused t
492、o pay for the dinnerCthe author did not offer any inside informationDthe author showed no interest in what they discussed2How did the author get well prepared for the next party?AHe tried to catch up on the latest events.BHe had secret discussions with the PresidentCHe learned how to protect the Adm
493、inistration.DHe consulted the lawyer about taxes in Washington.3What does the underlined word “strain” in the last paragraph mean?ABurden.BPleasure.CShame.DResponsibility.【答案】1C2A3A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者参加聚会的经历，起初作者在聚会上并不受欢迎，然后通过阅读报纸积累最新时政信息并与人交流而成为聚会受欢迎者，却最后表达了太多聚会反而成为一种负担的感慨。1细节理解题。根据文章第二段的Not on
494、ly did this disappoint the people I was dining with, it also made them angry. They couldnt believe that I didnt know and assumed I wasnt telling the truth.这不仅让和我一起吃饭的人失望了，还让他们很生气。他们不敢相信我不知道，还以为我说的不是实话。第三段第1句When I was leaving, the hostess told me, “We didnt expect you to tell us everything, but I se
495、e no reason why you have to protect the Administration.” (当我离开的时候，女主人告诉我，“我们没期待你会把一切都告诉我们，但我看不出你有什么理由要保护管理层。”)可知，与作者一起参加聚会的人希望作者可以讲述一些与他们讨论话题相关的消息，但作者对此一无所知的态度令他们失望。故选C项。2细节理解题。根据文章第四段第1，2句So the next morning I went through all the morning papers and took time to watch TV for what had happened recen
496、tly. When I arrived at the party, I was well prepared to discuss almost anything. (所以第二天早上，我浏览了所有的早报，花时间看了看电视，看看最近发生了什么。当我到达聚会时，我已经准备好讨论几乎所有的事情。)可知，作者已经意识到参加聚会意味着参与讨论最近发生的新闻事件，通过阅读报纸，看电视了解信息为聚会做准备。故选A项。3词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段划线单词所在句子But it has been quite a strain.由But 开头，是本段中心句，之后第3句I have to go on reading
497、so many newspapers and watching so many TV shows from Washington that sometimes I wonder if its worth the trouble. (我不得不继续读那么多报纸，看那么多来自华盛顿的电视节目，以致于有时我在想是否值得如此麻烦。)对其论述解释，可知，需要花时间读报纸，看电视可能已经成为作者的麻烦负担，结合语境，strain 可以理解为麻烦负担。故选A项。【点睛】词义猜测题主要考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。有时可以选择用语境猜测语义利用上下文推测词义，即利用生词附
498、近的内容推断生词词义。比如文章第3小题：3. What does the underlined word “strain” in the last paragraph mean?A. Burden. B. Pleasure.C. Shame. D. Responsibility.For the next three days I had more invitations to dinner parties than I could accept. But it has been quite a strain. I have to go on reading so many newspapers
499、 and watching so many TV shows from Washington that sometimes I wonder if its worth the trouble.此划线单词所在句子为本段第二句，且为but 句，可以看作为中心句，之后句子对其进行阐释说明，结合语境之后句中的“trouble”可以看作为其同义词，因此strain为麻烦，负担的含义。故选项A正确。BStepinac has become one of the first high schools in the country to drop all textbooks and replace them
500、with a “digital library”. When students started classes on Monday, they were zipping to an app on their tablets or laptops and bad instant access to all 40 texts in the Stepinac curriculum (课程).Dennis Lauro, director of an information center which provides technical support to public schools in New
501、York, said neither he nor his colleagues were aware of a similar digital effort in a public school setting. “This is the wave of the future.” Lauro said. “Im not surprised that a private school would beat the public schools to it. They have the ability to just do it. There is so much politics involv
502、ed in public schools, when it comes to a move like that, needing approval from boards and committees.”For Tom Collins, Stepinacs president, the commitment to digital source material was not so difficult a decision. In the past, students families had to spend up to $ 700 a year on textbooks. This yea
503、r after the one-time purchase of a tablet or laptop families only need to pay $ 150. Using the digital library is almost as easy as opening a new book. A student can instantly lap into a digital book and open a map of Egypt or a speech by President John F. Kennedy. A teacher can show a page from a d
504、igital book on a whiteboard at the front of the class or send students a link to a particular math problem with notes added in.The first few weeks may bring some challenges. Stepinac officials expect some parental discomfort over dropping concrete books. They recognize there may be technical faults
505、at first. And they will have to encourage students to leave space-eating photos and music off their tablets and to keep their tablets charged. 4What is going on in Stepinac? AIts building a new library.BIts reforming its textbooks.CIts updating its digital resources.DIts changing its management patt
506、ern.5By saying the underlined sentence. Lauro believes .Apublic schools face great challengesBprivate schools have their advantagesCthe effort is to cause instant changesDits a trend for schools to go digital6Who may worry about the move in Stepinac?AOfficials.BTechnicians.CParents.DTeachers.【答案】4B5
507、D6C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。主要讲了Stepinac是第一所放弃了传统意义上的教科书，改用数字图书馆的学校。这是未来学校向数字化发展的一种趋势，但是家长们对这一进程心存疑虑。4细节理解题。由Stepinac has become one of the first high schools in the country to drop all textbooks and replace them with a “digital library”.可知Stepinac是第一所放弃传统意义上的教科书，改用数字图书馆的学校。可以推断出Stepinac改革了它的教科书，选B。5推理判断题。由De
508、nnis Lauro, director of an information center which provides technical support to public schools in New York, said neither he nor his colleagues were aware of a similar digital effort in a public school setting.可知提供技术支持的信息中心主任Dennis Lauro和他的同事们没有意识到在公立学校环境中类似的数字化工作，这是未来学校向数字化发展是一种趋势，选D。6细节理解题。由The f
509、irst few weeks may bring some challenges. Stepinac officials expect some parental discomfort over dropping concrete books.可知父母们对Stepinac这一教育变革很担心，选C。CRoughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless device may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your
510、living room is your Internet-connected camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that theyre being recorded while you all watch the big ga
511、me together?“Its certainly new territory (领地), especially as home security cameras become easier to fix,” says Lizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute, Americas distinguished manners advisors. “I think it will be very interesting to see what manners appear in terms of whether you tell peo
512、ple you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if its not a security issue.” Post wants to make clear that shes not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preference.When it comes to security cameras, Post says its a hosts responsibility to make
513、sure guests feel comfortable within their home. If the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about, it that may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.However, if a contractor (合约工) is working in your home, you dont nee
514、d to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the camera can also work in contractors favor. “If anything does go wrong while theyre in the house, they dont want to be blamed for it,” she says. “In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didnt steal the $20, or knock
515、the vase off the table.”7What is Lizzie Post mainly discussing about the use of home security cameras?ALegal rights.BMoral issues.CThe possible impact on health.DLikes and dislikes of individuals.8According to Post, what is a hosts responsibility concerning the security camera?AIndicating its positi
516、on.BTurning it on all the time.CMaking their guests feel at ease.DHaving a casual talk with guests.9How can the home security camera help contractors working in your home?AIt can prove their innocence.BIt can record their working progress.CIt can prevent the accidents happening.DIt can make their wo
517、rk more enjoyable.10Whats the authors attitude towards the security camera?ANegative.BPessimistic.CFavorable.DObjective.【答案】7D8C9A10D【解析】【分析】本文是一片议论文。文章介绍了美国很多家庭安装安全摄像头这一现象，美国著名的礼仪顾问齐波斯特分析了安全摄像头对客人的影响。7细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Post wants to make clear that shes not talking about legal rights, but rather person
518、al preference.”可知，波斯特想表明，她谈论的不是法律权利，而是个人偏好。由此可知，波斯特主要讨论的是使用家庭安全摄像头是人们的个人喜恶，故D项正确。8细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When it comes to security cameras, Post says its a hosts responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home.”可知，谈到安全摄像头，波斯特说，确保客人在家里感到舒适是主人的责任，故C项正确。9细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In fact, the camera c
519、ould be the thing that proves that they didnt steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table.”可知，事实上，摄像头可以证明他们没有偷那20美元，也没有把花瓶从桌子上摔下来。由此可知，摄像头可以帮助合约工证明自己的清白，故A项正确。10推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国很多家庭安全摄像头这一现象，著名的礼仪顾问齐波斯特分析了家庭安全摄像头对客人的影响，在整个论述过程中，作者只是客观地阐述家庭安全摄像头的使用及其对客人的影响，并没有掺杂个人感情。由此可知，作者对使用家庭安全摄像头的态度是客观的，故D项正确。