1、 become/be aware of意识到(教材P17)While the pace of change in the modern world gets faster and faster，people are becoming more and more aware of the need to preserve the worlds cultural heritage.随着当今世界发展变化的步伐日益加快，人们也愈来愈意识到保护世界文化遗产的必要。I do not become aware of my mistake until he warns me.直到他给我警告我才觉察到我的错误。
2、He made for the dark alley without being aware of the danger ahead.他朝那黑暗的巷口走去，根本没有意识到眼前的危险。be aware 从句意识到；知道awareness n. 认识；意识；知道raise awareness about/of 提高的认识develop an awareness of 逐渐懂得The driver was perfectly aware that he was driving at seventy miles an hour.司机完全知道他在以每小时70英里的时速开车。It is important
3、 that students develop an awareness of how the Internet can be used.重要的是学生逐渐懂得如何使用互联网。The campaign aims to raise awareness of the dangers of passive smoking.这项运动的目的是要提高对被动吸烟危害的认识。用aware的适当形式填空Most smokers are perfectly _ of the dangers of smoking.He seems _ of the trouble hes causing，otherwise he wo
4、uld stop it.The teacher has tried to make him raise _ about his pronunciation.【答案】awareunawareawareness have an influence on对产生影响(教材P18)No one has had a greater influence on Western civilization than the ancient Greeks.在对西方文明的影响方面，没有人能够和古希腊人相比。The inflation will surely have a great influence on ever
5、yones life.通货膨胀毫无疑问会对我们每个人的生活产生重大影响。Internet shopping has begun to have a serious influence on the traditional bookshops.网上购物已开始对传统书店造成严重冲击。 对产生影响被左右，由于的作用He has no influence over his children.他对子女没有影响力。完成句子这本书对它的读者影响很大。The book _ its readers.他对这个公司有相当大的影响力。He_the company.【答案】has/had a great influen
6、ce/impact onhas considerable influence with/over (教材P18)The Roman alphabet is a Greek invention，as is the marathon，a long distance race created in honour of a Greek soldier.罗马字母表是希腊人的发明，马拉松赛跑也是。这项长跑比赛是为了纪念一名希腊战士而创立的(1)【要点提炼】as is the marathon是asbe/助动词/情态动词主语的倒装句，意思是“也如此，也是一样”，是一个正式用法。Yao Ming is ver
7、y tall，as are his parents.姚明个子很高，他父母个子也很高。The film is so boring，as is its music.这部电影很乏味，其音乐也是如此。He is a doctor，as was his wife before she had children.他是医生，他妻子生儿育女之前也当过医生。I travel to London every day，as do most of the people who live in this village.我每天乘车去伦敦，住在这个村子里的大部分人都是这样。翻译句子Frank is an excellen
8、t athlete，as was his father before he died._【答案】弗兰克是一个出色的运动员，正如他父亲生前一样。完成句子她和她的母亲一样会弹钢琴。She can play the piano，_针灸深受欢迎，中国传统的中药也如此。Acupuncture has become popular，_【答案】as can her motheras has Chinese traditional medicine(2)in honour of为向表示敬意；为纪念They built a monument on the top of the hill in honour of
9、 the famous national hero.他们在山顶上建造了一座纪念碑，以纪念那位著名的民族英雄。This is a ceremony in honour of those killed in the explosion.这是一个为纪念爆炸中的死难者所举行的仪式。in ones honour为了表示对某人的崇敬the honour of doing sth. 做某事的荣幸have the honour of doing sth. 有幸做某事do sb.the honour of doing sth.为某人做某事使之感到荣幸it is an honour to do sth. 很荣幸做
10、某事A banquet was held in her honour.为欢迎她而举办了一次宴会。Would you do me the honour of dining with me?你能赏光和我一块儿吃饭吗？It is an honour to have you here.大驾光临，深感荣幸。完成句子承蒙贵刊邀稿，甚感荣幸。_ be invited to contribute to your magazine.总统设宴款待了外宾。The president hosts a banquet _ the foreigners.我们正筹备为你举行一次盛大的圣诞晚会。We are planning
11、 a big Christmas party _.【答案】It is an honour toin honour ofin your honour (教材P18)In particular，we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens，the greatest symbol of which is the Acropolis.我们尤其将古希腊文明与其首都雅典城相联系，而雅典最伟大的标志就是雅典卫城。(1)in particular尤其，特别You should avoid eating fat m
12、eat，pork in particular.你应该避免吃高脂肪的肉，尤其是猪肉。Why do you choose that one in particular?你为何特地选那个？be particular about对挑剔particularly adv. 特别地；显著地I have no particular reason to suspect him.我没有特殊的理由去怀疑他。Mary is very particular about her dress.玛丽对她的穿着很挑剔。完成句子很多女孩子对衣服很挑剔。Many girls_their clothes.我们特意绕道青岛去北京。We
13、 went to Beijing by way of Qingdao _【答案】are very particular aboutin particular(2)associate.with.把与相联系；联想She always associates the smell of baking with her childhood.她总是一闻到烘烤食物的味道，就想起了童年。I cant see there is something particular in his speech associated with this matter.我看不出他的言词中有什么特别的东西与此事有关。be assoc
14、iated with与相关联associate with sb. 与某人在一起；与某人交往association n. 协会 把联系起来完成句子他们更喜欢与年轻人交往。They prefer to _ young people.在孩子们看来，夏天总是和野餐连在一起的。In childrens minds, summers _ picnics.【答案】associate withare associated with (教材P18)It used to house a 13metrehigh goldcovered statue of Athena as the Goddess of Victo
15、ry.这里过去供奉着一尊13米高的镀金胜利女神像雅典娜。(1)【要点提炼】“used动词不定式”表示过去的习惯或动作，意为“过去常常”。When we were children，we used to go skating every winter.小时候我们每年冬天都去滑冰。She didnt use/used not to go to the Museum of Science.她过去不常去科学博物馆。be/get/become used to (doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事用上述短语的适当形式填空I _ smoke，but I g
16、ave up two years ago.I _ getting up at six oclock in the morning.The power of flowing water can _ produce electricity.【答案】used toam used tobe used to(2)house vt.收容；供给房子；提供住处；收藏；安置The gallery houses 2，000 works of modern art.美术馆收藏了2 000件现代艺术作品。A large number of families are still waiting to be housed
17、.许多家庭仍在等待安排住房。The old building now houses more than one hundred homeless people.这幢旧楼里现在住着上百位无家可归的人。We can house you and your friends if the hotels are full.如果酒店住满了，我们可提供住所给你和你的朋友。完成句子要供给他们所有人住所是很困难的。It is difficult _ all of them.那晚我们留他住宿。We _ him _ the night.【答案】to househoused；for(3)goldcovered包金的；镀
18、金的，为复合形容词“名词动词ed”是构成复合形容词的一种方法，意思相当于“被的”，因此goldcovered意思就是“被金子覆盖的”，译成“包金的；镀金的”。snowcovered adj.被雪覆盖的snowcapped adj. 顶部被雪覆盖的airfilled adj. 充满空气的名词动词ing为构成复合形容词的又一种方法，意思为“做的”。Frenchspeaking adj. 讲法语的laboursaving adj. 节省劳力的lifeextending adj. 延长寿命的形容词动词ing。a funnylooking man 一个长得滑稽的人a badsmelling fish 一
19、条臭鱼 形容词/数词名词形容词a sevenyearold girl 一个七岁的女孩a 50meterwide river 一条50米宽的河完成句子这家博物馆收藏着一尊13米高镀金的雕像。The museum houses_statue.飞机在积雪的山峰上飞过。The plane flew over_peaks.【答案】a 13metrehigh goldcoveredthe snowcovered seize/take control of掌控；获取的控制权(教材P18)In 1458，the Turks defeated the Greeks and seized control of A
20、thens.1458年土耳其人打败了希腊人并夺取了雅典。By defeating his political opponents one by one，he seized control of the parliament at last.在对其政治对手逐个击破之后，他终于掌控了议会。in control of掌管；管理；控制under the control of 在控制下lose control of 失去对控制out of control 失控bring/get.under control 控制住；抑制住There has been some violence after the mat
21、ch，but the police are now in control of the situation.比赛后发生了一些暴力事件，但现在警方已控制了局势。The city was under the control of enemy forces.该城现在处于敌军的控制下。The Democrats will probably lose control of Congress.民主党很可能失去对国会的控制。完成句子这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。The children are completely _ since their father left.花了两小时才控制住火势。It
22、took two hours to bring the fire _现在哪个政党掌管这个国家？Which party is _the country now?【答案】out of controlunder controltaking/seizing control of give up放弃；停止/中止某事(教材P19)This has caused some friction between Greece and Britain，as the Greek government has never given up asking for the return of these marble st
23、atues.这导致了希腊和英国之间的摩擦，因为希腊政府一直要求英国归还这些大理石雕像。She doesnt give up singing although her family are against it.她没有放弃唱歌，尽管她的家人都反对。She didnt give up the work when she had the baby.她有孩子后并未放弃工作。give away赠送；泄露，分发give back 归还give in 屈服，认输give sth. in(to sb.) 呈上某物(给某人)give off 发出，放出(气味、热、光等)give on to/onto sth.
24、朝向，面向give out 用光，耗尽，发出(热、光等)give over 别再了，住手He gave away all he had to a school.他把他的一切都捐给了学校。After a long journey，he gave out.长途旅行回来，他累坏了。用适当的介、副词填空He picked up the pen and gave it _ to him.She gave _ state secrets to the enemy.Toms legs gave _ and he couldnt go any farther.The rebels were forced to
25、 give _All girls swam across the lake except two who gave _ halfway.【答案】backawayoutinup (教材P19)In a gesture to help preserve history，the Greek government appointed a committee in 1975 to undertake a complete repair of the Acropolis.为表示其帮助保存历史的意愿，希腊政府于1975年任命了一个委员会来负责卫城的全面修复工作。(1)in a gesture to do s
26、th.作为的姿势；为了In a gesture to show their sympathy and concern，they sent the boy plenty of flowers and presents.为了表示同情和关心，他们送给那个男孩很多鲜花和礼物。as a gesture of表示gesture v. 用手势表示，用动作示意gesture to sb. 向某人示意She gave me a smile as a gesture of welcome.她对我微微一笑以示欢迎。He gestured to me that it was time to go.他示意(我)该走了。
27、翻译句子为了表示对老板的尊重，他每天早晨都站在办公室门口迎候。_【答案】In a gesture to show respect to his boss，he stands outside the door of the office every morning greeting him.We do not accept responsibility but we will refund the money as a gesture of goodwill._【答案】我们不承担责任，不过我们愿意退款以表示我们的善意。(2)preserve vt.保存；保管；保护The city should
28、take steps to preserve the old temple.该市应该采取措施保护这座古老的寺庙。preserve sb.from sth.保护某人免受preserve sth.from 保护免受preserve vt. 保护(动植物)；使成为禁猎区preserve n. (动植物的)保护区preserver n. 保护者；防护用具They were determined to preserve their leader from humiliation.他们决心保护他们的领导人免受侮辱。The wreck was preserved by the muddy sea bed.失
29、事船只的残骸被泥泞的海床保护了起来。We should preserve our good traditional customs.我们应当保留我们好的传统习俗。preserve/keep/reservepreserve侧重指为某人或某种用途保存、保藏keep(一时的)保存、保管，常用语reserve主要指“保留；储备”，以备后用用preserve，keep和reserve的适当形式填空You can _ meat or fish in salt.Will you_ my luggage safe for me?I advise you not to walk too fast；_ your
30、strength for the climb.【答案】preservekeepreserve(3)appoint vt.任命，委任；约定，指定(时间、地点)They have appointed a new headmaster at my sons school.我儿子读书的学校任命了一位新校长。A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.会议日期尚待确定。appoint sb. to/as .任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 安排某人去做某事appointment n. 约定；约会make an appointmen
31、t 约会；约定appointee n. 被委任者She has recently been appointed to/as a member of the committee.她最近被任命为委员会成员。A lawyer was appointed to represent the child.一位律师被指定为这个孩子的代表律师。用appoint的适当形式填空I left it early because I had an _ later that day.We _ the place and time for the next meeting.We are considering _ him
32、to/as secretary.【答案】appointmentappointedappointing (教材P19)The committee is also undertaking important work to educate the public，based on the assessment that the best way to protect the Acropolis is to prevent damage. 保护卫城的最好方式是防止破坏，基于这一认识，该委员会还在教育公众方面做了重要的工作。【要点提炼】based on是分词短语在句中作状语。In borderline
33、cases，teachers will take the final decision，based on the students previous work.在难以定夺的情况下，教师将根据学生先前的作业做出最终评分。Based on what we know now，you cant clone.就我们所知，你们还不能克隆。base v.把基地设在；以为基础base.on.be based on.根据，以为基础basis n. 基础；基本原则；标准on the basis of 根据；在的基础上，基于basic adj. 基本的；基础的basically adv. 主要地；基本上The tw
34、o sides should handle their differences based on the principles of equality and mutual respect.双方应在平等和相互尊敬的原则上去解决彼此的分歧。Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason，youll regret it sooner or later.更多地凭借情感而不是理智作重要决定，你迟早会后悔的。The scientist decided to make the university the base for his r
35、esearch work.这位科学家决定把这所大学作为他研究工作的基地。This is the basic theory of language teaching.这是语言教学的基本理论。完成句子该影片是根据辛克莱刘易斯的小说改编的。The film _ a novel by Sinclair Lewis.根据真实故事，这本书把这个村庄描绘成一个令人愉快的地方。_ a true story，the book portrays the village as a pleasant place.【答案】is based onBased on (教材P19)By learning how not to
36、 damage the monuments，people will be able to enjoy this historic site for generations to come.知道如何防止破坏历史遗迹，人们就能世世代代地欣赏到这个遗址了。【句式分析】疑问代词who，what，which等和疑问副词when，where，how等后面跟不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。“疑问词动词不定式”经常用在某些动词(短语)后作宾语，这样的动词(短语)有：tell，show，know，learn，find out，forget，wonder等。此用法中的不定式的
37、逻辑主语需与主句的主语或宾语保持一致，否则用相应的从句。He showed me how to use the WiFi.他给我展示怎样使用WiFi。What to do next has not been decided.下一步做什么，还没决定。Stop trying to tell me what to do all the time.(Stop trying to tell me what I should do all the time.)别老是命令我应该做什么。【提示】why一般不用于此结构，即不用why to do结构。完成句子He didnt tell me _ (在哪里找到这个秘密).I want to know _ (如何解决这个问题).Nobody knows _ (该做什么)when we are faced with the situation.【答案】where to find the secrethow to solve the problemwhat to do