1、高二英语能力训练作业 课题：reading 班级_ 姓名：_CSeveral world records that were once included in the book have been removed for ethical(伦理的) reasons. By publishing world records in a category, the book may encourage others to try to beat those records, even at the expense of their own health and safety. For example,
2、 following the publication of a“heaviest cat”record, many cat owners overfed their pets beyond the bounds of what was healthy, so entries such as these were removed. The Guinness Book also dropped records within their“eating and drinking records” section of Human Achievements in 1991 over concerns t
3、hat potential competitors could do harm to themselves and expose the publisher to potential litigation(起诉). These changes included the removal of all liquor, wine and beer drinking records, along with other unusual records for consuming such unlikely things as bicycles and trees. Other records, such
4、 as sword swallowing(吞剑) and rally driving (on public roads), were closed from further entry as the current holders had performed beyond what are considered safe human tolerance levels.There have been examples of closed records being reopened. For example, the sword swallowing record was listed as c
5、losed in 1990 Guinness Book of World Records, but the Guinness World Records Primetime TV show, which started in 1998, accepted three sword swallowing challenges (and so did the 2007 edition of the Guinness World Records).Chain letters are also not allowed. “Guinness World Records does not accept an
6、y records relating to chain letters, sent by post or e-mail. If you receive a letter or an e-mail, which may promise to publish the names of all those who send it on, please destroy it it is a hoax. No matter if it says that Guinness World Records and the postal service are involved, they are not.”4
7、3. The Guinness Book decided to remove some records because of the following BUT .A. they were afraid to be chargedB. the records were somehow considered to be immoralC. some competitive items were dangerousD. some items are considered beyond common humans tolerance44. The underlined word“hoax”in th
8、e last paragraph most probably means “ ”.A. trick B. enemy C. game D. fault45. What is the text mainly about?A. How many kinds of records there are in Guinness World Records.B. Ethical issues and safety concerns in Guinness World Records.C. The history of Guinness World Records.D. The introduction t
9、o Guinness World Records.46. From this text we can infer that .A. sword swallowing will be forever closed from further entryB. the item about the fattest dog can be read in the present recordsC. the editors of Guinness Book would not like readers to write to themD. records for rally driving can stil
10、l be read in Guinness BookDA healthy dose of sunshine may be the secret of staying young, British scientists said.Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to sunlight and may help to slow the aging process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.Researchers from King
11、s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres(端粒） a biological marker of aging found in DNA. As people get older their telomeres get shorter and they become more likely to catch certain illnesses.But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had co
12、mparatively longer telomeres a sign of being biologically younger and healthier. The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the aging process of DNA, and therefore the aging process as a whole.Lead researcher Dr. Brent Richards said, “These results are exciting because they demonstrate for t
13、he first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D. This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many aging related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer. ” He said further studies are required to c
14、onfirm the findings.Professor Tim Spector, head of KCLs twin research unit, and a co-author of the report, added, “Although it might sound absurd(荒谬的), its possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general aging process.”Vitamin
15、D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the bodys supply, but lower levels can also be obtained through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals.Other studies have suggested the vitamin D plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.47. The hig
16、h levels of vitamin D can NOT .A. slow the aging process B. protect against heart diseaseC. make people have longer telomeres D. decrease the risk of skin cancer48. All of the following have something to do with aging EXCEPT .A. the levels of vitamin D B. the length of telomeresC. the levels of DNA
17、D. the risk of heart disease49. Which of the following is NOT true about telomeres?A. They can demonstrate the aging process of DNA.B. People who have shorter telomeres are healthierC. Their length has something to do with vitamin D.D. Their length is a biological marker of aging.50. This text mainl
18、y tells us .A. how to obtain vitamin D B. how to protect against cancerC. sunshine helps to keep people young D. sunshine helps to cure many diseases三、任务型阅读请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。The rate of population growth is fastest in underdeveloped countries. In these countries a
19、high birthrate is accompanied by a lowered death rate thanks to improved standards of public health. Ideally it should be possible to counter(相反地) balance the effect of a reduced death rate by an increased use of family planning. In practice, however, population control is a complex matter. Througho
20、ut history people have determined the size of their families according to the cultural values of their societies.Population control has long been a subject of discussion among researchers. Some have argued that the supply of good land is limited. In order to feed a large population, bad land must be
21、 cultivated and the good land overworked. As a result, each person produces less in a given amount of time and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other researchers have argued that a large population gives more range for the development of facilities
22、such as sports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand for them. Similarly, it can be argued that the public costs of society will not be so heavy to each individual if they are shared among the members of a large population.One of the difficulties in putti
23、ng birth control into practice lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country. In underdeveloped countries where a large population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a
24、 limit on the birthrate. In a well developed society the problem may be more complex. A declining birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a decreasing market. Cities with a declining population may have to face the prospect of a decreasing tax base and a fall in land values. If ther
25、e are fewer children going to school, teachers may be thrown out of work. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly inc
26、reasing population, rather than one that is stable or in decline.Title Population controlThemePopulation control causes (51) among researchers and countries.AmongresearchersReasons for population control It can (52) the effect of a reduced death rate. Good land is limited and (53). Each person produ
27、ces less in a given amount of time. A large population leads to a reduction in (54) income.Reasons against population control A large population helps the development of facilities. Each person (55) less of the public costs of society.AmongcountriesFor underdeveloped countries, population control ca
28、n bring less (56) on supplies and resources.For developed countries, population control can slow down economic (57). lead to a (58) in tax and land values. make many people (59). weaken the building industry.(60)Consider countries and cultural values when introducing birth control techniques.DAB DDCBC51. disagreement / argument 52. balance 53. overworked 54. average 55. shares / bears 56. pressure 57. growth / development 58. decrease / fall 59. unemployed 60. Suggestion / Advice