1、江苏省姜堰中学、如东中学、沭阳如东中学2021届高三英语下学期5月联考试题（含解析）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Who are coming to the speakers house?A. The mans paren
2、ts.B. Their friends.C. Some strangers.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Who did you say was coming over today? I might be at my parents house until tomorrow, so I will miss your friends if theyre still coming.W: Its not my friends. The tree service workers are the ones who will be here later.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What
3、 time is it now?A. 8:25.B. 8:45.C. 9:00.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Miss, can I interest you in the seafood special tonight? It wont start until nine, but its only $25, half the usual price.W: Oh really? There is only fifteen minutes to go.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the man want to change his personal style?
4、A. To be more professional.B. To be more fashionable.C. To be more casual.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: My interview is on Monday, but I only have the formal shirts I bought for the school dance.W: These shirts are fine. We should go get you a trendier hairstyle.M: You think so? I think all of these shirts are to
5、o colorful or casual.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is Chris doing?A. Cutting grass.B. Building a fence.C. Putting in a pool.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Whos the person in Mr. Abars yard? Is he helping Mr. Abar to put in a new pool?W: Oh, thats Chris Powell. Hes helping to make a taller barrier, so people cant climb
6、 into the yard. I met him when I was cutting the grass.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man think he has reached?A. His final goal.B. His maximum limit.C. His greatest moment.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: You looked great out there! I know you didnt reach your goal, but you should be proud.M: I wish I could do
7、better, but I honestly think this is the best that I will ever do. It was a good race, though.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. How does the girl feel about leaving the town?A
8、. Indifferent.B. Upset.C. Eager.7. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Brother and sister.B. Father and daughter.C. Colleagues.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】【原文】M: Isnt this so exciting, Liz? We get to move to a new town next month! Im so pleased about the area, too. Californias weather is so
9、 beautiful.W: I just want to get it over with. We should have just left this week. Dad is already out there anyway.M: We have to wait until Mom is ready to go. She wants to do things like transferring her bank accounts and setting up her new drivers license. Besides, she still has work to finish.W:
10、I guess so. Im just glad she told her boss early on. Otherwise, we might be stuck here even longer.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Which class did Tom attend today?A. Physics.B. Geometry.C. Chemistry.9. What do we know about Tom?A. He knows little about the moon.B. He is a first-year student i
11、n high school.C. He shows little interest in the class.10. Who is the woman in the conversation?A. A scientist.B. Toms teacher.C. Toms mother.【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C【解析】【原文】W: What did you learn in class today, Tom?M: We learned about how things move and the variations that make them move differently.W:
12、 I thought you had geometry on Wednesdays. This sounds complicated for the first-year high school students.M: We usually do have geometry, but a special speaker came in today. Besides, it isnt nearly as hard as the chemistry class on Thursday.W: So what did you learn?M: Well, the scientist that came
13、 in told us all about how speed and weight change the way that things interact with our world. But he was surprised when I asked my question about something else.W: What did you ask about?M: I remembered a long time ago when you and Dad told me about gravity. We were talking about the moon and how p
14、eople can jump really high there. So I asked him what the difference would be between one object here and on the moon.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. Why is the woman more tired than normal?A. She slept too long.B. She attended a boring meeting.C. She was sitting for too long.12. How does the
15、 woman usually like her coffee?A. Cold.B. Bitter.C. Sour.13. Where are the speakers going?A. To a concert.B. To a baseball game.C. To a movie theater.【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A【解析】【原文】M: If you want, you can sleep for a little while on the couch before we go. I know you had a long day of work. Ill make s
16、ure you dont sleep too long.W: Ill pass up the sleep. But yes, it was especially long because we had our annual meeting. Its not usually a problem, but this one had us sitting for a long time.M: Was it really boring?W: Actually, it was pretty interesting.M: Well, I have coffee already made if you wa
17、nt some. It is cold, if thats OK.W: Sure. I dont normally have cold coffee, though. As long as it doesnt have any sugar or milk in it, I will enjoy it.M: No problem. Here you go.W: Thanks. Did John say what time his baseball game ended today? Hell need to shower afterwards. We can prepare a cup of s
18、our coffee for him.M: He said in about two hours from now he would be here. We could watch a film while we wait.W: Thats OK. Ill save my attention for the classical violinists we will see.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What does the man think he still has a problem with?A. His nose.B. His he
19、ad.C. His mouth.15. Where are the speakers?A. In a hospital.B. In a school lab.C. At a research center.16. What will the man work out during the experiment?A. His smell.B. His taste.C. His muscle.17. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. Taking new medicines.B. Using new treatments.C. Findin
20、g new senses.【答案】14. C 15. A 16. A 17. B【解析】【原文】W: Tell me how you have been feeling since you have recovered.M: Well, doctor, I feel much better now. I dont have headaches anymore and Im beginning to get my smell back. However, I still cant taste anything!W: That may take a while to get back. But I
21、 will take some blood work into the laboratory and we can take a look. If you would like, I know of a treatment that is being experimented with. They are looking for people with your condition.M: Will it help fix my problem? Eating and drinking are my favorite things in the world.W: It might, but yo
22、u will need to go somewhere else to do the program. We dont have anything like that here at the hospital.M: I dont care. If it gives me my senses back, Ill do it.W: Well, taste is strongly tied with the sense of smell. The idea behind the experiment is to have you working out your nose. You will sta
23、rt with strong smells and move to weaker ones in order to train your nose to work again.M: And that will help me taste things? Wouldnt it be better to eat really strong food or drinks?W: No, it wouldnt. You need to gain the strength back little by little. Unfortunately, there is no medicine that can
24、 cure this issue quickly.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18. What helped Dr. Osborn make her discovery?A. That her photograph was unsatisfying.B. That her photograph had special qualities.C. That her photograph showed the strange shape of the fish.19. How might the discovery be useful?A. In making
25、food.B. In making paint.C. In making cameras.20. What is the talk mainly about?A. A special light in the ocean.B. A mystery on the blackest fish.C. A new discovery of the super-black materials.【答案】18. A 19. C 20. B【解析】【原文】An ocean mystery how the blackest fish in the deep sea are so extremely black
26、has been solved in a study that began with a bad photograph. Dr. Karen Osborn said that she couldnt get a good shot just shapes. Her detailed study of the animals “super-black” skin revealed that it traps light. While it makes them difficult to photograph, scientists say it provides the best way of
27、hiding. There is, Dr. Osborn explained, nowhere to hide from enemies in the deep ocean, so this “super-blackness” makes creatures almost invisible. The discovery could result in new super-black materials, such as coatings(涂层) for the insides of telescopes or cameras. Several species appear to have d
28、eveloped the same trick. Parts of their skin push away any light they dont absorb, Dr. Osborn said. It was her unsuccessful efforts to take good photographs of the creatures that inspired her to take a closer look. “Every picture I took was really bad,” she said, “Then I noticed they had really stra
29、nge skin theyre so black, and they suck up all the light.” This is the best way of hiding in the deep sea. Living in the deep sea is like playing hide-and-seek. Being so black really helps these creatures to survive. Her efforts to capture beautifully clear images of these species, all of which live
30、 at ocean depths of more than 200 meters, eventually paid off. “It took a lot of special lighting,” she admitted.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGrand Canyon Park Ranger ProgramsGuided Cedar Ridge Hike 7 am Daily(Meet at the South Kaibab Trailhead) A 3-m
31、ile (4.8 km) hike on an unpaved path. Allow 4 hours. Minimum 2 liters of water per person. Bring salty snacks, sunscreen, and wear hiking shoes. Not recommended for people with heart problems, or difficulty walking. Fossil Discovery Walk 9 am Daily(Meet at the Bright Angel Trailhead sign) Walk among
32、 sea creatures that lived on this part of the continent 270 million years ago, before the age of the dinosaurs. This easy 1/2-mile (0.8 km) one-way walk explores an exposed fossil bed.Critter Chat 9:30 am Daily(Meet at Grand Canyon Visitor Center) Learn about some of the Grand Canyons diverse wild c
33、reatures who survive here in this place of extreme changes in exposure and climate. Wheelchair accessible. Family friendly.Geology Walk 3:30 pm Daily(Meet at Yavapai Geology Museum)Learn how the Grand Canyon formed while exploring Yavapai Geology Museum during this short introductory talk. Why is it
34、 so deep, wide, and grand? Why does it exist only here and nowhere else in the world? Consider walking the Trail of Time following the program.Note: Children must be accompanied by an adult in all programs. All programs are free of charge.21. What might you not experience in the programs above?A. Go
35、 on an exhausting hike.B. Walk the Trail of Time.C. Look for dinosaur fossils.D. Learn more about existing animals.22. Which program is friendly to people with difficulty walking?A. Guided Cedar Ridge Hike.B. Fossil Discovery Walk.C. Critter Chat.D. Geology Walk.23. Where do you meet for the program
36、 introducing the formation of the Grand Canyon?A. At Yavapai Geology Museum.B. At the South Kaibab Trailhead.C. At Grand Canyon Visitor Center.D. At the Bright Angel Trailhead sign.【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了大峡谷公园的四个游乐项目的时间、地点和内容等。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据“Guided Cedar Ridge Hike”部分第一句“A 3-mile
37、 (4.8 km) hike on an unpaved path. ”(在未铺砌的小路上徒步3英里（4.8公里）)可知，在这些项目中可以体验一次筋疲力尽的远足，所以排除选项A；根据“Geology Walk”部分最后一句“Consider walking the Trail of Time following the program.”(考虑在这个项目之后走“Trail of Time”。)可知，在这些项目中可以体验走“Trail of Time”，所以排除选项B；根据“Critter Chat”部分第一句“Learn about some of the Grand Canyons dive
38、rse wild creatures who survive here in this place of extreme changes in exposure and climate. ”(了解大峡谷中的各种各样的野生动物，他们在这个暴露和气候极端变化的地方生存。)可知，在这些项目中可以了解更多关于现存动物的信息，所以排除选项D。文中没有提到寻找恐龙化石，所以在这些项目中你不太可能体验寻找恐龙化石。故选C。22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Critter Chat”部分倒第二句“Wheelchair accessible.”(轮椅可以进入)可知，Critter Chat项目对行走困难的人很友好。
39、故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Geology Walk”部分第一句“Learn how the Grand Canyon formed while exploring Yavapai Geology Museum during this short introductory talk.”(在这个简短的介绍性讲话中在探索雅瓦派地质博物馆时了解大峡谷是如何形成的。)可知，雅瓦派地质博物馆会介绍大峡谷的形成。故选A。BWhen you look up and around, you are likely to be surrounded by architecture. Unique am
40、ong creative and artistic professions, architecture always reflects the age and culture that produced it. Designing and building architecture takes time, money and cooperation. Architects work with dozens to shape their buildings, and along this chain, a deeper and richer set of values are transmitt
41、ed ones that define exactly how cultures see their world and how people see each other.Beyond providing shelter, architecture becomes the stage set for our life. Its the reason we feel empowered on the roof deck of an 80-story building that is connected with a busy public square. Communities form wi
42、thin architecture and take on their buildings characteristics. Architecture connects to economics and the sciences, and the people that practice it can both be careful technicians and poets of space and form.Defining architecture only in terms of other professions does harm to it, and there is a lot
43、 of knowledge within architecture that is separated from the practical concerns of building. Looking at the built world critically, instead of considering it a set of established traditions, shows that architecture is an entirely human creation, which can take nearly any shape we want it to. Pattern
44、s we see everywhere dont spring from wisdom about how things should look. They are actually the result of special accumulations of cultural values, the materials available, economics, geographic location and climate. Most of these factors are changeable, so while architecture changes slowly compared
45、 to other artistic mediums, it still develops.Architecture is futurism. Each time it offers a critique (评论) that suggests new ways to live, work or play, it becomes a feat of world-building that makes it hard to distinguish from science fiction. Architecture is interested in the future, and architec
46、ts are trained to imagine the world not as it is, but as it could be.24. Whats special about architecture?A. It helps people live at ease.B. Its aimed at showing values.C. It can reflect the culture clearly.D. It shows mans wisdom directly.25. What can we infer about architecture from Paragraph 2?A.
47、 It makes us feel powerful.B. Its a great project for humans.C. Its connected with many aspects in life.D. It provides a stage for other art forms.26. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The world.B. The architecture.C. The creation.D. The tradition.27. Whats the text mainl
48、y about?A. Why architecture is important.B. How architecture affects the future.C. How architecture reflects mans talent.D. Who regards architecture as a special art form.【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是讲建筑不仅提供庇护所，还是一门博大精深的、发展的创意和艺术专业，所以建筑非常重要。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Unique among creat
49、ive and artistic professions, architecture always reflects the age and culture that produced it.”(建筑在创意和艺术专业中独树一帜，它总是反映产生它的时代和文化。)可知，建筑的特别之处是它能清晰地反映文化。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Beyond providing shelter, architecture becomes the stage set for our life.”(除了提供庇护所，建筑成为我们生活的舞台。)和第二句第三句“Its the reason we
50、feel empowered on the roof deck of an 80-story building that is connected with a busy public square. Communities form within architecture and take on their buildings characteristics.”(这就是为什么我们在一座80层楼高的与一个繁忙的公共广场相连的建筑的屋顶上感到有力量。社区在建筑中形成并呈现出建筑的特点。)可知，建筑与生活的方方面面息息相关。故选C。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“architect
51、ure is an entirely human creation”(architecture is an entirely human creation)可知，it是指建筑，此处是指建筑可以是任何我们想要它呈现的形状。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“Unique among creative and artistic professions, architecture always reflects the age and culture that produced it.”(建筑在创意和艺术专业中独树一帜，它总是反映产生它的时代和文化。)，第二段第一句“Beyond p
52、roviding shelter, architecture becomes the stage set for our life.”(除了提供庇护所，建筑成为我们生活的舞台。)，第三段第一句“Defining architecture only in terms of other professions does harm to it, and there is a lot of knowledge within architecture that is separated from the practical concerns of building.”(仅从其他专业的角度来定义建筑学是有
53、害的，建筑学中有许多知识与建筑的实际问题相分离。)和最后一段第一句“Architecture is futurism.”(建筑是未来主义的。)可知，文章主要是讲建筑不仅提供庇护所，还是一门博大精深的、发展的创意和艺术专业，所以建筑非常重要。故选A。CThe idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution
54、.Theyve discovered that adding millions of discarded face masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from landfills. Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single
55、-use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability of the road.The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings. This recycled material was found in the
56、study to be ideal for two of the four layers generally required to create roadways. Paving a kilometer of two-way road with the RCA and three million face masks would result in a change of 93 tons of waste from landfills.The final product then is more resistant to wear than asphalt (沥青), as well as
57、being cheaper too, provided there was a method for collecting masks. The research team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining raw materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill.The widespread application w
58、ould be ideal for large infrastructure (基础设施) projects. For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hu
59、ndreds of millions of tons of trash.Its said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.28. What does the underlined word “discarded” mean in paragraph 2?A. Recycled.B. Produced.C. Mixed.D. Aband
60、oned.29. What is the new material used to pave ways made of?A. 2% torn masks, concrete and tons of trash.B. Polypropylene plastic and building materials.C. Single-use surgical masks and recycled concrete aggregate.D. Waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.30. Why are numbers ment
61、ioned in paragraph 5?A To tell us what the team has found.B. To prove this material is cost-effective in paving roads.C. To explain repairing roads costs a lot of materials.D. To praise the hard work the team has done.31. What can we learn from the text?A. The material used to pave roads is made of
62、masks.B. Generally speaking, it requires two layers to create roadways.C. It remains to be tested whether the solution is practical.D. The damaged roads in Washington were repaired with the RCA.【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了疫情大流行期间每周有大量的口罩被扔掉，墨尔本的一组研究人员计划将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去，不
63、过该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。【28题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Theyve discovered that adding millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from landfills.”可知，他们发现，将数百万个口罩添加到铺路混合料中，实际上可以降低道路成本，同时防止数十亿个口罩被填埋。根据第一段的“The idea of billions of peo
64、ple going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.”可知，疫情大流行期间每周有数十亿人戴着口罩的想法肯定会敲响警钟，但墨尔本的一组研究人员可能有解决方案。将上下文结合起来可知，解决方案是将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去。由此可知，划线单词意为“被遗弃的”。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Just one kilometer
65、 of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability of the road. ”可知，仅一公里的道路就需要300万个口罩，而用于制造一次性手术口罩的聚丙烯塑料也提高了道路的柔韧性和耐用性。再根据第三段的“The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, wit
66、h recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.”可知，这种新材料是约2破损口罩与再生混凝土骨料（RCA）的混合物，后者是从废弃混凝土和被毁建筑物中的其他矿物中获得的。由此可知，铺路用的新材料是一次性使用口罩和再生混凝土骨料组成的。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unad
67、dressed repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.”可知，例如，就美国未解决的维修而言，华盛顿的道路是美国第11糟糕的。如果使用再生混凝土骨料（RCA）和口罩的混合物来修复华盛顿州受损的道路，它将重复使用近100亿个口罩
68、，从而使美国的垃圾掩埋场减少数亿吨的垃圾填埋。由此可知，第5段中提到的数字是为证明这种材料在铺路时具有成本效益。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Its said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.”可知，据说，该团队正在寻找愿意为其塑料口罩道路提供大规模测试机会的私营行业合作伙伴或政府。由此可知，该解决方案是否可行还有
69、待测试。故选C。DI live in a small studio.I sleep in a bed that folds down from the wall.I have six dress shirts.I have 10 shallow bowls that I use for salads and main dishes.When people come over for dinner.I pull out my extendable dining room table.I dont have a single CD or DVD and I have 10 percent of t
70、he books I once did.I have come a long way from the life I had in the late90s,when,having made a fortune from an Internet start-up sale,I had a giant house full of stuff(物品)-electronics and cars and appliances and furniture.Somehow this stuff ended up running my life,or a lot of it;the things I cons
71、umed ended up consuming me.My life became unnecessarily complicated.There were lawns(草坪)to mow,floors to mop,a car to insure,wash,refuel,repair and register and tech to set up and keep working.Who had I become?My house and my things were my new employers for a job I had never applied for.I started t
72、o wonder why my theoretically upgraded life didnt feel any better and why I felt more anxious than before.For me,it took 15 years to get rid of the things I had collected and live a bigger,better,richer life with less.I like material things as much as anyone.I studied product design in school.But my
73、 experiences show that after a certain pointmaterial objects have a tendency to crowd out the emotional needs they are meant to support.I know the best stuff in life isnt stuff at all,and that relationships,experiences and meaningful work are the main parts of a happy life.My latest project is to de
74、sign thoughtfully constructed small homes that support our lives,not the other way around.The house 1 design contains less stuff and makes it easier for owners to live within their means and to limit their environmental footprint.My space is well-built,affordable and as functional as living spaces t
75、wice the size.I frequently have dinner parties for 12.I sleep better knowing Im not using more resources than I need.I have less-and enjoy more.My space is small.My life is big.32. Why does the author use a bed that folds down from the wall?A. To save time.B. To save space.C. To make the room neat.D
76、. To sleep comfortably.33. How did the author feel about his things in the late90s?A. They were complicated.B. They were expensive to run.C. They were a great burden.D. They couldnt meet the daily needs.34. What do we know about the house the author designs?A. It is used for dinner parties.B. There
77、is no stuff in the house.C. It is larger than his studio.D. The space is actually larger than it is.35 What is the best title for the text?A. Living Better with LessB Consuming Less to Save MoneyC. Longing for the Good Old DaysD. Building a Comfortable Living Space【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】
78、本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过自己的亲身经历来体现文章的主题 “简单生活使生活更美好”( live a bigger, better, richer life with less)。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据前文作者住所很小(a small studio)，可推断使用折叠床是为了节省空间。使用extendable dining room table（可展开的餐桌）也是如此，故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段Who had I become? My house and my things were my new employers for a job I had never
79、 applied for. I started to wonder why my theoretically upgraded life didnt feel any better and why I felt more anxious than before. 我变成了谁?我的房子和我的东西成了我从未申请过的工作的新雇主。我开始想，为什么理论上的升级生活并没有让我感觉更好，为什么我比以前更焦虑。由此可以推断这些东西已经成为作者的负担，故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段My latest project is to design thoughtfully constructed s
80、mall homes that support our lives, not the other way around. The house 1 design contains less stuff and makes it easier for owners to live within their means and to limit their environmental footprint. My space is well-built, affordable and as functional as living spaces twice the size. 我最近的项目是设计精心建
81、造的小房子来支持我们的生活，而不是相反。1号屋的设计包含的东西更少，让业主更容易量入为出，并限制他们的环境足迹。我的空间建得很好，负担得起，功能是居住空间的两倍大。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。本文主题为“简单生活使作者的生活更美好”( live a bigger, better, richer life with less)，起始段、尾段以及中间各段落均围绕该主题展开叙述。故选A。【点睛】标题猜测题。主旨大意题的一种。标题应位于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些
82、事实或细节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应新颖，概括性强并且精炼。例如小题4，本文主题为“简单生活使作者的生活更美好”( live a bigger, better, richer life with less)，起始段、尾段以及中间各段落均围绕该主题展开叙述。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Take a bottle of soda, and shake it really hard. Gas will form inside, causing a buildup of
83、pressure. Twist the cap off. Pressure will be released from the bottle, and soda will shoot everywhere._36_ Pressure builds up inside a volcano as gas forms in magma (岩浆), which is hot liquid rock beneath the surface of the earth. Gas bubbles in the volcano need to escape. When a volcano erupts, mag
84、ma is pushed up through the opening with great force. When magma reaches the earths surface, its called lava (熔岩).Some volcanic eruptions are explosive. Lava shoots into the sky. Gas and hot pieces of rock and ash are also released. The intensity of an eruption depends on a few factors. One is the m
85、agmas temperature. Another is the magmas thickness. _37_Volcanic eruptions can cause other natural disasters. These include landslides, mudslides, earthquakes and tsunamis. Volcanoes can be destructive. _38_ The Hawaiian Islands were created by the eruptions of large low-lying volcanoes which are ma
86、de up of layers of hardened lava._39_ Ash from volcanoes adds helpful minerals to soil. This helps plants grow strong. Healthy plants produce oxygen for humans and animals to breathe. Volcanoes also remove heat from the earths interior (内部), which helps keep our planet cool.In recent years, a new be
87、nefit of volcanoes has surfaced. _40_ Their measures involve using the heat beneath the earths surface to produce electricity.Volcanoes may be unpredictable. However, as we learn more about how they work, they will become even more important to life on the earth.A. However, they can also create new
88、land.B. Volcanoes can become more dangerous.C. A volcanic eruption works much the same way.D. Scientists are using volcanoes to help power cities.E. The amount of gas trapped inside is also an important one.F. Volcanoes are threatening the life of people across the world.G. Volcanoes have played an
89、important role in shaping the earth.【答案】36. C 37. E 38. A 39. G 40. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对火山的形成、喷发强度的决定因素、火山的危害和好处等进行了介绍。【36题详解】根据前文“Take a bottle of soda, and shake it really hard. Gas will form inside, causing a buildup of pressure. Twist the cap off. Pressure will be released from the bottle, and s
90、oda will shoot everywhere.”(拿瓶苏打水，用力摇晃。气体会在里面形成，造成压力的积聚。把盖子拧下来。压力会从瓶子里释放出来，苏打水会喷得到处都是。)可知，选项A中的the same way就是指指苏打水从瓶子里喷出来的方式，根据后文“Pressure builds up inside a volcano as gas forms in magma (岩浆), which is hot liquid rock beneath the surface of the earth. Gas bubbles in the volcano need to escape. When
91、 a volcano erupts, magma is pushed up through the opening with great force.”(当气体在岩浆中形成时，压力在火山内部积聚(岩浆), 它是地球表面下的热液体岩石。火山中的气泡需要逸出。当火山喷发时，岩浆会被巨大的力量推上火山口。)可知，火山爆发的方式和前文中提到的相同。所以选项C“火山爆发的作用方式大致相同。”切合文意。故选C。【37题详解】根据前文“The intensity of an eruption depends on a few factors. One is the magmas temperature. A
92、nother is the magmas thickness.”(喷发的强度取决于几个因素。一是岩浆的温度。另一个是岩浆的厚度。)可知，此处是讲决定喷发的强度的几个因素，并且前文中已经出现两个，所以选项E“被困在里面的气体量也是一个重要因素。”是讲第三个因素，切合文意。故选E。【38题详解】根据后文“The Hawaiian Islands were created by the eruptions of large low-lying volcanoes which are made up of layers of hardened lava.”(夏威夷群岛是由大型低洼火山喷发形成的，这些火
93、山是由坚硬的熔岩层组成的。)可知，此处是讲火山喷发也会创造新的土地，对应选项A中的“they can also create new land”(它们还可以创造新的土地)，又和前文“Volcanoes can be destructive.”(火山具有破坏性。)构成转折关系，对应选项A中的转折词however。所以选项A切合文意。故选A。【39题详解】根据后文“Ash from volcanoes adds helpful minerals to soil. This helps plants grow strong. Healthy plants produce oxygen for hum
94、ans and animals to breathe. Volcanoes also remove heat from the earths interior (内部), which helps keep our planet cool.”(火山灰为土壤添加了有益的矿物质。这有助于植物茁壮成长。健康的植物产生氧气供人和动物呼吸。火山也会带走地球内部的热量, 有助于保持地球凉爽。)可知，此处是讲火山对地球起到了重要作用，所以选项G“火山在塑造地球方面起了重要作用。”切合文意。故选G。【40题详解】根据后文“Their measures involve using the heat beneath
95、 the earths surface to produce electricity.”(他们的措施包括利用地表下的热量发电。)和前文“In recent years, a new benefit of volcanoes has surfaced.”(近年来，火山的一个新的好处浮出水面。)可知，此处是指利用火山发电，所以选项D“科学家们正在利用火山为城市供电。”切合文意。故选D。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Last week, I drove to Joes
96、 Hardware to get a few items. Upon returning to my _41_, I noticed a cat underneath and bent down to investigate. At this point, my wallet fell _42_ but I didnt notice it was _43_ until about an hour later. I _44_ my steps, asked around and tore my car inside out. Nothing. I lost my wallet. After th
97、is fact sank in, I was about to call the bank and have them _45_ me a new credit card when a little voice inside my head said, “Whoa! _46_. Someone must have picked it up. An _47_ citizen, just like you. What would she or he do?”So I _48_ and I was going to give it a day. Then, early that evening, I
98、 was surfing the Internet for a new wallet when I heard a knock on the door. There was a man who I did not _49_. Could it be?After we exchanged _50_, he handed me my wallet. He found it in the parking lot, thought of dropping it off at Joes Hardware but decided to drive over and return it _51_.He to
99、ld me his _52_, but I was overcome with emotion and cannot be 100% sure. I think it was David. I offered him a cash reward _53_ he refused. He was just a regular guy doing the right thing.Im grateful for having my wallet _54_. David, thank you for reinforcing my belief that there are some good and _
100、55_ people around.41. A. bikeB. homeC. bankD. car42. A. offB. throughC. behindD. apart43. A. brokenB. emptyC. stolenD. missing44. A. recoveredB. recordedC. retracedD. reduced45. A. loanB. sendC. showD. pass46. A. Come onB. Cheer upC. Slow downD. Look out47. A. honorableB. distinguishedC. seniorD. av
101、erage48. A. thought backB. looked backC. held backD. took back49. A. doubtB. recognizeC. admireD. remember50. A. enquiriesB. questionsC. greetingsD. congratulations51. A. in orderB. in timeC. in personD. in turn52. A. storyB. hobbyC. nameD. job53. A. howeverB. whileC. althoughD. but54. A. recoveredB
102、. releasedC. requestedD. registered55. A. decentB. courageousC. cautiousD. humble【答案】41. D 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. C 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者丢失了钱包，本来想打电话给银行让他们寄一张新的信用卡，但是他突然想到可能会有人捡到钱包并归还。所以他决定等一等。结果真的有人捡到了钱包并还给了他，这让作者相信世上还是好人多。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析
103、。句意：当我回到车上时，我注意到下面有只猫，我弯下腰去查看。A. bike自行车；B. home家；C. bank银行；D. car 汽车。根据上文“Last week, I drove to Joes Hardware to get a few items.”可知，此处是指作者回到车上。故选D项。【42题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我的钱包掉了下来但直到大约一小时后我才发现它不见了。A. off落下；B. through穿过；C. behind在的后面；D. apart分离。根据下文“but I didnt notice”可推知，作者的钱包掉了可是他没有发现。故选A项。【43题详
104、解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我的钱包掉了下来但直到大约一小时后我才发现它不见了。A. broken破碎的；B. empty空的；C. stolen被偷的；D. missing失踪的。根据下文“Nothing. I lost my wallet.”可知，此处是指直到大约一小时后作者才发现钱包不见了。故选D项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我折回原来的路线，四处打听，然后把车翻了个底朝天。A. recovered恢复；B. recorded记录；C. retraced折回；D. reduced减少。根据“asked around”可知，为了找到钱包，作者折回原来的路线，四处打听
105、。故选C项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到这一点后，我正准备打电话给银行，让他们寄给我一张新的信用卡，这时我脑海里有一个声音说：“停！慢下来。”A. loan借出；B. send送；C. show展示；D. pass通过。根据上文“call the bank”可知，此处是指作者打电话给银行让他们寄给他一张新的信用卡。故选B项。【46题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我意识到这一点后，我正准备打电话给银行，让他们寄给我一张新的信用卡，这时我脑海里有一个声音说：“停！慢下来。”A. Come on算了吧；B. Cheer up振作起来；C. Slow down慢下来；D. Loo
106、k out当心。根据“So I held back and I was going to give it a day.”可知，作者打算再等一天，由此可推知，此处是指作者劝自己慢下来，先不给银行打电话。故选C项。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个普通市民，就像你一样。A. honorable荣誉的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. senior级别高的；D. average普通的。根据下文“just like you”可知，作者这里指的是一位普通市民。故选D项。【48题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我犹豫了一下，打算再等一天。A. thought back回想起来；B.
107、 looked back回顾；C. held back犹豫；D. took back拿走。根据上文“I was going to give it a day”可知，作者犹豫了，准备再等等看是否有人捡到了他的钱包。故选C项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个我不认识的人。A. doubt怀疑；B. recognize认识；C. admire钦佩；D. remember记得。根据下文“Could it be?”可推知，作者不确定这人是不是找自己的，所以此处是指有一个作者不认识的人。故选B项。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们互致问候后，他递给我钱包。A. enquiries调查；
108、B. questions问题；C. greetings问候；D. congratulations贺词。通过前文的“exchanged”以及“he handed me my wallet”可推知，在作者拿到钱包之前，两人是没有什么可交换的，所以二人应该是互致了问候。故选C项。【51题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他在停车场找到了它，想把它送到Joe的五金店，但他决定亲自开车过去还它。A. in order井然有序；B. in time最终；C. in person亲自；D. in turn依次。根据上文“but decided to drive over and return it”可推知，捡到
109、作者钱包的人最终决定亲自开车将钱包还给作者。故选C项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉了我他的名字，但我情绪激动，不能百分百确定。A. story故事；B. hobby爱好；C. name名字；D. job工作。根据“I think it was David.”可知，那人告诉了作者他的名字。故选C项。【53题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我给他现金酬谢，但他拒绝了。A. however然而；B. while在期间；C. although虽然；D. but但是。通过上文“offered him a cash reward”以及下文“he refused”可知，上下文呈转折关系，应使用
110、连词but。故选D项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很感激你找回了我的钱包。A. recovered找回；B. released释放；C. requested请求；D. registered登记。根据下文“David, thank you”可推知，作者很感谢David找回了他的钱包。故选A项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：David，非常感谢你把我的钱包还给我，让我相信周围有一些善良正派的人。A. decent正派的；B. courageous勇敢的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. humble谦逊的。通过上文“After we exchanged greetings,
111、 he handed me my wallet.”可知，David把钱包还给了作者，所以他是善良正派的人。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sixty years ago, man firstly journeyed into outer space, _56_(symbolize) the start of outer space explorations. _57_ decades of planning and construction went by, China possesses one of
112、the worlds major navigation satellite systems the Beidou Navigation Satellite System.Beidou is currently the countrys largest space-based system _58_ has ever been developed in history. It reflects the high priority the Chinese government places _59_ the space research. The research and development
113、of a domestically built, space-based navigation and positioning system were approved by the government in February 1994, China aiming _60_(reduce) the countrys heavy dependence on foreign networks. More than 300,000 scientists, engineers and technicians from over 400 domestic institutes, universitie
114、s and enterprises _61_(involve) in Beidous development and construction during the past decades. In December 2012, Beidou began providing positioning, navigation and messaging services for users in China and some parts of the Asia. At the end of 2018, it started offering global services. Now, there
115、are 30 third-generation Beidou satellites in space. Compared with previous ones, the third-generation models feature _62_(surprise) accuracy and stability. Next, China _63_(continue) improving the systems capabilities and services. Not only does Beidou demonstrate the determination of the Chinese pe
116、ople but also promotes pride in this _64_(consider) achievement.All countries have equal right to peacefully explore and develop outer space. China maintains that international exchanges and cooperation should be strengthened on the basis of full _65_(equal) and mutual benefit.【答案】56. symbolizing 57
117、. After 58. that 59. on 60. to reduce 61. have been involved 62. more surprising 63. will continue 64. considerable 65. equality【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对世界上主要的导航卫星系统之一北斗导航卫星系统进行了介绍。【56题详解】考查现在分词。句意：60年前，人类首次进入太空，标志着人类开始了太空探索。动词symbolize意为“象征，标志”，和谓语动词之间没有连词，和句子“man firstly journeyed into outer space”构成主动关
118、系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。【57题详解】考查连词。句意：经过几十年的规划建设，中国已经拥有了世界上主要的导航卫星系统之一北斗导航卫星系统。此处是指在几十年的规划建设后中国拥有了世界上主要的导航卫星系统之一，所以应用连词after表示“在之后”。故填After。【58题详解】考查关系代词。句意：北斗是目前中国有史以来最大的天基系统。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词system 被最高级largest修饰，所以应用关系代词that。故填that。【59题详解】考查介词和固定搭配。句意：它反映了中国政府对空间研究的高度重视。place high p
119、riority on意为“高度重视”，为固定搭配，所以应用介词on。故填on。【60题详解】考查to do不定式和固定搭配。句意：1994年2月，中国政府批准了国内建造的天基导航和定位系统的研究和开发，旨在减少中国对外国网络的严重依赖。aim to do意为“旨在做某事”，为固定搭配，此处用to do不定式作宾语。故填to reduce。【61题详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，来自国内400多所院校和企业的30多万名科学家、工程师和技术人员参与了北斗的开发建设。根据“during the past decades”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词involve和主语构成被
120、动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，be involved in“参加”，固定搭配。故填have been involved。【62题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：与以前的模型相比，第三代模型具有更令人惊讶的准确性和稳定性。修饰名词“accuracy and stability”应用形容词作定语，此处表示“令人惊讶的”应用形容词surprising。根据“Compared with previous ones”可知，此处应用比较级。故填more surprising。【63题详解】考查一般将来时。句意：下一步，中国将继续提高系统的能力和服务。根据Next可知，此处应用一般将来时。故填will c
121、ontinue。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意：北斗不仅展示了中国人民的决心，也让人们为这一巨大成就感到自豪。修饰名词achievement应用形容词作定语。形容词considerable意为“相当大的”，符合句意。故填considerable。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：中国主张在充分平等互利的基础上加强国际交流与合作。在介词of后应用名词作宾语，形容词full修饰名词作定语。名词equality意为“平等”，不可数，且符合句意。故填equality。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David热爱体育运动，他将作为交换生到你校学习。
122、请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 介绍学校体育课程及活动；2. 推荐一项中国传统体育项目。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear David,_Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear David,Im delighted that you will come to our school as an exchange student. Since you enjoy sports, I would like to introduce the courses and a Chinese traditional sport.Init
123、ially, there are two PE classes every week in which basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are compulsory. Additionally, the school sports meeting is held annually, which is well received. Eventually, I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it r
124、egularly will help you stay fit physically and mentally.Look forward to your arrival!Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友David写封邮件，介绍你校的体育课程及活动并推荐一项中国传统体育项目。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delightedglad传统的：traditionalconventional推荐：recommendadvise健康的：fithealthy2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I recommend you to learn T
125、aichi, a traditional Chinese sport.拓展句：I recommend that you learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport.【点睛】高分句型1 Initially, there are two PE classes every week in which basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are compulsory. (运用了which引导的定语从句)高分句型2 Eventually, I recommend you to learn
126、 Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay fit physically and mentally. (运用了动名词作主语)第二节（满分25分）67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was a child, I lived in a house with a beautiful garden full of different flowers, and roses were the most beautiful
127、of them. There was nothing I enjoyed more than sitting in the garden with my mother, reading stories to me. When I was in primary school and old enough to read, I enjoyed reading stories aloud to her.I will never forget one day when I had been picked to be the princess in the school play. For weeks
128、my mother had practised my lines so hard with me. But however easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrators (叙述者) part to the play, and asked me to change my role. Her word, kindly
129、expressed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl.I didnt tell my mother what had happened that day. But she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.It was May and roses were blossoming and, under the trees,
130、 we could also see yellow dandelions (蒲公英) in the grass, as if a painter had painted our garden with red, yellow and green. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. “I think Im going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, pulling it up by its roots. “From now on, well have only roses
131、in this garden.”“But I like dandelions,” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful even dandelions.”My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower is beautiful in its own way, isnt it?” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over.“And that is true of people too,” she added.
132、 “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.” Realizing that she had guessed my pain, I started crying as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled reassuringly.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Paragraph 1:“But you can make a good narrator,” she said with encouragem
133、ent in her eyes._Paragraph 2:After successful performance in the play, I took home the dandelion carefully._【答案】“But you can make a good narrator,” she said with encouragement in her eyes. It reminded me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. Mother enlightened me that the narrators part
134、was equally crucial, whose wise words inspired me with courage and confidence. But on the point of the performance, I suddenly felt nervous backstage again, my palms sweaty and kneels soft. Just then, my teacher came over to me, handing me a dandelion from my mother. Looking at it, I knew my mother
135、was out there for me, which calmed me down.After successful performance in the play, I took home the dandelion carefully. Upon arriving home, I made the dandelion it into a dried flower. Witnessing what I was busy doing, my mother watched me fondly and delightedly. With the well preserved dandelion,
136、 I participated in various school plays, rehearsed different roles and made spontaneous speeches ever since. Gradually, Ive become really good at performing and public speaking, seldom feeling nervous onstage now. Every time I see it, I am reminded of this unforgettable experience and the profound w
137、isdom.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者有一次被选为校园话剧的公主角色，作者很兴奋，在妈妈的帮助下勤加练习，但是无论她在家表演得多好，在舞台上的时候她就想不起来台词，于是老师决定把她的角色换成旁白，这让作者非常难过。作者的妈妈用玫瑰花和其它的话做例子，告诉她每朵花都有自己的美，人也一样，没有成为公主也可以有自己的精彩，她可以成为一个出色的旁白者。在妈妈的蒲公英鼓励下，作者成功完成了话剧演出，并且再也不紧张了。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“但是你可以成为一个好的叙述者，”她说，眼中充满了鼓励。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈的话给了“我”勇气和信心，但是在表演时“我”又开始
138、紧张，妈妈让老师给“我”送了一棵蒲公英，这让“我”平静下来。由第二段首句内容“演出成功后，我小心翼翼地把蒲公英带回家。”可知，第二段可描写“我”把这棵蒲公英保存下来，时时给“我”鼓励和自信。在之后的演出中，“我”都不再紧张了。2.续写线索：鼓舞紧张送蒲公英平静做干花激励感悟3.词汇激活行为类鼓舞：inspire/stimulate递给：hand/pass保存：preserve/conserve情绪类紧张的：nervous/tense开心地：delightedly/happily【点睛】高分句型1 But on the point of the performance, I suddenly felt nervous backstage again, my palms sweaty and kneels soft. (运用了独立主格结构)高分句型2 Just then, my teacher came over to me, handing me a dandelion from my mother. (运用了现在分词作状语)