1、四川省内江市 2016 高考英语阅读理解专题选练（13）社会生活类阅读理解。In 1986，when Carlo Petrini first coined the term“Slow Food，”he organized locally in his native Italy to preserve the food and wine culture and protest fast food.Today,slow food has spread to 132 countries with over 85,000 members,addressing worldwide issues like
2、 farmer equity and environmental_stewardshipthe actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments,to contribute to healthy and livablecommunities.Characterized by Slow Food International as“good,clean,and fair food，”slow food must enrich the eaters life，have no nega
3、tive impact on human or environmental health，and compensatefairly for food producers work.The average American meal travels about 1,500 miles to its final destination,with producing of food traveling by plane from overseas and other items shipped across the country.However，cost for food travel and h
4、eavy processing are not the only problems in the foodindustry that the environment faces.Industrial agriculture also has unsustainable practices likeinefficient water use and decreased biodiversity.Our ideas in feeding ourselves are exceptional,but at various points our technologies come into confli
5、ct with natures ways of doing things.A great many of the health and environmental problems created by our food system owe to our attempts tooversimplify natures complexities,at both the growing and the eating ends of our food chain.“Slowing”food,by purchasing locally and sustainably,allows consumers
6、 to reduce theimpact of“food miles”and develop a closer relationship with their food producers.“We need tochange our food system，”said David Prior,organizer of Slow Food Nation EatIn.“Our currentfood system is sick and we need to support farmers and agriculture to ensure that everyone has theright t
7、o nutritious food.”1The main idea of the passage can be summarized as_.Awhy slow food is so important Bthe food and wine culture is rich in Italy Cwhat youre eating always travels a long way Dslow food makes the current food system sick 2According to the second paragraph,“environmental stewardship”r
8、efers to_.Ameasures of environmental protections Bways to establish healthy and livable communities Cpeoples admiration for all the creatures on the earth Dactions to protect the rights of all living things and environment 3Slow foods characteristic doesnt lie in_.Aimproving the quality of eaters li
9、fe Bproviding a fair pay for food workers Cbeing friendly to human and environmental health Ddeveloping a loose relationship with food producers 4What is David Priors attitude towards current food system?ASuspicious.BUnsatisfied.CIndifferent.DSupportive.【要点综述】本文的作者告诉我们，如果想吃得更健康、更营养，那就提倡“慢食物”吧！1A 主旨大
10、意题。本文主要探讨“慢食物”的重要性，以及“慢食物”给人们带来的好处，故答案选 A 项。2D 细节理解题。从第二段中的“environmental stewardshipthe actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments”可知，环境管理(environmental stewardship)的内容就是“破折号”后的解释，即“人们尊重所有生物和环境的权利的行动”，故 D 项正确。3D 细节理解题。从第三段可知，“慢食物运动”的特色就在于改善饮食者的饮食质量；不对人类健康和环境
11、卫生产生副作用；给食物供应商以合理的报酬。D 项则没有提到，故答案选 D 项。4B 推理判断题。从最后一段 David Prior 所说的话可知，他认为当前的食物系统很糟糕，需要改进，所以他的态度应该是不满意的(unsatisfied)。A 项表示“怀疑的”；C 项表示“漠不关心的”；D 项表示“支持的”，都不符合语境。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。Each morning Grandpa was up early sitting at the kitchen table,reading his book.His grandson wanted to
12、 be just like him and tried to copy him in every way he could.One day the grandson asked,“Grandpa,I try to read the book just like you,but I dont understand it,and I forget what I understand as soon as I close the book.What good does reading the book do?”The grandpa quietly turned from putting coal
13、in the stove and replied,“Take this coal basket down to the river and bring me back a basket of water.”The boy did as he was told,but all the water leaked out before he got back to the house.The grandpa laughed and said,“Youll have to move a little faster next time,”and sent him back to the river wi
14、th the basket to try again.This time the boy ran faster,but again the basket was empty before he returned.Out of breath,he told his grandpa that it was impossible to carry water in a basket,so he went to get a bucket instead.The grandpa said,“I dont want a bucket of water;I want a basket of water.Yo
15、ure just not trying hard enough.”The boy again dipped the basket into the river and ran hard,but when he reached his grandpa the basket was empty again.Out of breath,he said,“Grandpa,its useless!”“So,you think it is useless?”the grandpa said,“Look at the basket.”The boy looked at the basket and for
16、the first time he realized that the basket was different.It had been transformed from a dirty old coal basket and was now clean.“Grandson,thats what happens when you read the book.You might not understand or remember everything,but when you read it,youll be changed,inside and out.”【文章大意】本文是篇记叙文，讲述的是
17、一个小男孩模仿他爷爷读书，可是每次合上课本后都不知道读了些什么，于是他就去问他爷爷，读书有什么好处?他爷爷让他带着装煤的篮子去打水可是每一次无论他跑多快到家篮子里面都没有水，于是他给他爷爷说用竹篮打水是没有用的，他爷爷让他看看篮子，这才发现篮子比以前干净了。到了最后他爷爷告诉他：读书的时候你可能没有理解或记住内容，但是读书能够从你外到内改变你。56.What puzzled the grandson most was _.A.whether it was useful to read books B.why he forgot what he read soon C.what kind of
18、book he could understand D.how he could read books like his grandpa 57.Why did Grandpa ask his grandson to fetch a basket of water?A.To train him to run faster.B.To clean the dirty basket in the river.C.To punish him for not reading carefully.D.To get him to realize the use of reading books.58.What
19、lesson can we learn from the story?A.The old are always wiser than the young.B.It is foolish to carry water with a basket.C.Reading books can change a person gradually.D.You cant expect to remember whatever you read.【江苏省苏锡常镇四市 2014 模拟调研】The closest known relative of the ancestors of limbed（肢体）animal
20、s such as humans may have evolved the foundation for back legs even before the move to land,researchers say.This ancestor may have even been able to walk underwater,they add.These findings reveal that a key step in the evolution of back limbs happened in fish,challenging previous theories that such
21、appendages（附肢）evolved only after the move to land.Scientists investigated fossils（化石）of a 375-million-year-old fish known as Tiktaalik,discovered in 2004 in northern Canadas Ellesmere Island.Possessing a broad flat head and sharp teeth,Tiktaalik resembled a cross between a fish and a crocodile,growi
22、ng to a length of 9 feet(2.7 meters)as it hunted for its food in shallow freshwater.This ancient creature was undoubtedly a fish.However,it also had features seen in modern tetrapods（四足动物）This ancient fish had large forefins and shoulders,elbows and partial wrists,enabling it to support itself on gr
23、ound.This makes it the best-known example of a link between finned（鳍）animals and limbed animals marking the evolutionary change from water to land for creatures with backbones.Previous analyses of other fossils dating from the water-land change found their back appendages were small and weak compare
24、d with their front appendages.This suggested the earliest ancestors of tetrapods perhaps had a front-wheel drive form of movement that depended more on their front limbs,and that a four-wheel drive form of movement with strong hips and back limbs only developed after tetrapods evolved.Until now,the
25、only fossils of Tiktaalik researchers had examined were of its front parts.To find out more about the fish,researchers investigated additional blocks of rock recovered from the dig site where Tiktaalik was discovered.Although some of these blocks were first dug in 2004,researchers did not look at th
26、em more closely until recently,mainly because the blocks did not seem to contain much bone.Moreover,it took years to carefully and properly remove the rock surrounding the fragile fossils.The scientists discovered the back part of TiktaalikThis made a direct comparison of the front and back appendag
27、es of the animal possible.Unexpectedly,the researchers found Tiktaalik had big,strong pelvic（胃盆）bones with similarities to early tetrapods.I was expecting to find a diminutive back fin and pelvis,study lead author Neil Shubin,a paleontologist at the University of Chicago,told LiveScience.Seeing the
28、huge pelvis set me back a bit-I looked at it again and again,because I was quite surprised.Shubin cautioned that Tiktaalik is not the ancestor of all limbed vertebrates.It is currently the closest known relative,but not the only,direct ancestor,he said.It is more like our closest cousin.63According
29、to the passage,previous findings show that A.the evolution of back limbs happened under the water B.the ancestors of limbed animals could walk underwater C.the back legs of limbed animals evolved after the transition to living on land D.tetrapods had a four-wheel drive form of movement before they e
30、volved 64.Scientists think the findings of Tiktaalik are significant because A.Tiktaalik is the earliest fish living on the earth B.Tiktaalik fills a gap between fish and limbed animals C.Tiktaalik is the only closest known relative of limbed animals D.Tiktaalik gives them a chance to compare the fr
31、ont and back limbs 65Why didnt the researchers examine the fossils of the back part of Tiktaalik many years ago?A.Because the blocks contained too much bone of Tiktaalik.B Because Tiktaalik is not the ancestor of all limbed animals.C.Because the research of fossils is a slow and time-consuming proce
32、ss.D.Because the fossils were discovered in northern Canadas Ellesmere Island.66.What does the underlined word diminutive in Paragraph 8 mean?A.Unique.B.Complete.C.Flexible.D.Small.【参考答案】6365、CBC 66、D 阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。How can you help kids cope with（对付）stress?Proper rest and good
33、 nutrition can improve coping skills,so can good parenting.Make time for your kids each day.Whether they need to talk with you or just be in the same room with you,make yourself available.Even as kids get older,quality time is important.Its really hard for some people to come home after a tiring day
34、 of work,get down on the floor,and play with their kids or just talk to them about their day-especially if theyve had a stressful day themselves.But expressing interest in your kids shows that they re important to you.Help your child deal with stress by talking about what may be causing it.Together,
35、you can come up with a few solutions.For example,he should cut back on after-school activities,spending more time talking with his parents or teachers,developing an exercise plan or keeping a journal.You can also help by predicting potentially stressful situations and preparing kids for them.For exa
36、mple,let a child know ahead of time,but not too far ahead of time,that a doctors appointment is coming up and talk about what will happen there.Keep in mind,though,that younger kids probably wont need too much advance preparation.Too much information can cause more stress.Remember that some level of
37、 stress is normal,Let kids know that its OK to feel angry,scared,lonely,or anxious and that other people share those feelings,too.When kids cant or wont discuss these problems,try talking about your own concerns.This shows that youre willing to handle tough topics and are available to talk with when
38、 theyre ready.If a child shows symptoms that concern you and is unwilling to talk,consult a counselor（顾问）or other mental health experts.Most parents have the skills to cope with their childrens stress.The time to seek professional attention is when any change in behavior continues to exist,when stre
39、ss is causing serious anxiety,or when the behavior is causing significant problems in functioning at school or at home 59.What is the purpose of the text?A.To share the authors ideas on proper parenting.B.To persuade parents to spend more time with their kids.C.To advise parents how to help their ki
40、ds deal with stress.D.To seek different ways to help solve kids problems.60.Why do some parents feel it difficult to spare quality time for their kids?A.Their kids are growing so fast.B.They have too much housework.C.Their kids are losing interest in them.D.They are tired out after work.61.You are a
41、dvised not to talk too much about a stressful situation in advance because _.A.it does no good to your kids B.it doesnt work in practice C.your kids may not feel stressed D.your kids dont want to listen 62.What can we learn from the text?A.Normal people share the same feelings.B.It is normal for kids to have some stress.C.Kids should get rid of the negative feelings.D.Everybody feels angry,scared,lonely or anxious.