1、In April 2012, a dust storm that originated in China and Mongolia took a sixday journey across more than ten thousand kilometers of sea and open land to Arizona in the United States. The cloud was so dense that it seemed as if the sun were setting early. At least one person thought a volcano had eru
2、pted. Although traveling dust storms are nothing new, the dust now often contains chemical or metallic substances that contribute to respiratory illnesses (呼吸道疾病) and damage the environment. At present, a group of researchers in Asia is studying aerosol particles and their effects on the environment
3、 and they have plenty of dust to work with. Dust storms are one of the repercussions (后果) of humans messing around with Mother Nature. Although they are a natural phenomenon, dust storms have been occurring more often, at shorter intervals, and with greater force in recent years, and human activity
4、is the cause. It is a fact that excessive herding of animals and exploitation of grasslands are responsible for the majority of dust storms. This means that dust storms are largely a result of human actions; in other words, they are controllable. Section_Introduction & Reading PrereadingSandstorms i
5、n AsiaSandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a masscampaign has been started to help solve it.Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand .They are often so thick that you cannot see the s
6、un， and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. The four main places in the world where there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia. Ren Jianbo, from Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert. “To have
7、 been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience，” he said.“There was nothing to be done. It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation Ive ever been in. You just had to hope youd survive. I thought I was going to disappear under the sand.”sandstorm/sndstm/n.沙尘暴major/meId/adj.主要的
8、；多数的mass/ms/adj.大量的；大规模的campaign/kmpeIn/n.战役；活动that carry sand是定语从句，修饰winds, that在从句中作主语。so .that .“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。dune/djun/n.沙丘where there are sandstorms是定语从句，修饰the four main places, where在从句中作地点状语。he experienced是定语从句，修饰sandstorm，从句中省略了作宾语的关系代词which或that。动词不定式的完成式to have been caught in a sandstor
9、m作主语。There was nothing to be done.“一点儿办法也没有/什么也干不了”。Ive ever been in是定语从句，修饰situation。引导词that或which作介词in的宾语，所以省略了。亚洲的沙尘暴第12段译文几百年以来，沙尘暴一直是许多亚洲国家面临的一个主要灾难。科学家们已尝试过许多方法解决这个问题，在中国，一场大规模的帮助解决沙尘暴问题的运动已经开始了。沙尘暴是夹带沙尘的强烈而干燥的风。沙尘暴常常很浓密，以至于遮住了太阳，有时风力大的足以移动沙丘。世界上沙尘暴发生的四个主要地区是中亚、北美、中非和澳大利亚。来自内蒙古的任建波是这样来描述他小时候在沙
10、漠中遭遇的一次可怕的沙尘暴的：“遭遇沙尘暴是一种可怕的经历。”他说：“你一点儿办法也没有。那是我遭遇过的最可怕、最危险的境况。你只能希望自己会活下来。那时候我以为我要被沙子淹没了。”Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. This is a proce
11、ss that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing. Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick, brownyellow dust. The storms sometimes continue all day and t
12、raffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.,appear linkv看上去；似乎，此处运用了appear to do的完成式，表动作的完成。desertification/deztifikeIn/n.(土地的)沙漠化process/prses/n.进程；过程in the process of (doing) sth.在(做)某事过程中cut down砍倒dig up 掘出，挖到citizen/sItIzn/n.公民；市民wake up to意识到；认识到定语从句that cover the
13、 city .修饰winds, that在从句中作主语。dust/dst/n.沙尘；灰尘makes it difficult to see中，it是形式宾语。此处是“make形式宾语宾补真正的宾语”句式。第34段译文中国的西北地区是中亚沙尘暴中心的一部分。沙尘暴发源于沙漠地区。“沙漠化”导致的沙尘暴近几年在中国似乎有所增加。这是一个由于气候变化和人类砍伐树木、铲除草皮而使陆地变成沙漠的过程。沙尘暴有时候会影响北京。居民醒来时，看到昏黄的天空，狂风夹着厚厚的黄褐色灰尘在城里肆虐。沙尘暴有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。The Chinese Central Weather
14、 Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, “To be cycling in a sandstorm is frighteni
15、ng. The winds are very strong. Its difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill. So if you want to go out, youd better wear a mask.”The desert is only 250 kilometres away to the west of Beijing. To prevent it coming nearer， the government is planting trees. Already the government has planted more
16、than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.forecast/fkst/vt.预报；预告其过去式、过去分词为forecast, forecast或forecasted, forecasted。strength/stre/n.力量；力气advise sb. (not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事cycle/saIkl/vi.骑自行车动词不定式的进行式to be cycling in a sandstorm作主语，此时谓语动词用单数形式。breathe v呼吸breath n
17、呼吸mask/msk/n.面罩to prevent it coming nearer作目的状语。其中运用了prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth.结构，表示“阻止某人/某物做某事”，from可以省略。continue doing sth.与continue to do sth. 用法基本相同，表示“继续做某事”。第56段译文中国中央气象站能在沙尘暴到达北京前几周预报沙尘暴，但沙尘暴的力量有时很惊人。当沙尘暴到达这个城市时，气象专家建议人们不要外出。家住北京的黄小梅说：“在沙尘暴中骑自行车真可怕。风力很强，呼吸困难，沙尘使我很难受。因此，如果你想外出的话，你最好戴个口
18、罩。”沙漠离北京西部只有250千米远。为阻止沙漠的逼近，政府正在植树。政府已经种植了300多亿棵树，并准备在未来的5年里继续种植。Prereading Please match the words with their proper meanings.1frightening Avi.抱怨2campaign Bn.力量；力气3process Cadj.吓人的；可怕的4forecast Dn.战役；活动5strength En.进程6atmosphere Fvt.预报；预告7environment Gn.大气；大气层8pollution Hn.环境 9concerned Iadj.紧急的10ev
19、idence Jadj.主要的；多数的11major Kn.污染12urgent Ladj.关心的；担心的13complain Mn.根据；证明15_610_1113_答案：15CDEFB610GHKLM1113JIALeadin1Look at the pictures and answer the following questions. What is happening? What are the people wearing and why? What do you advise people to do in this situation?_参考答案：There is a sand
20、storm blowing. People are wearing hoods (风帽), masks and glasses to protect themselves. I advise that theyd better stay at home.2What are the causes of sandstorms? _参考答案：(1)desertification (沙漠化)；(2)climate changes；(3)cutting down trees and digging up grass；(4)improper use of land；(5)high temperature
21、and little rain；(6)the destruction of environment；(7)the growing population of the world .Whilereading FastreadingRead the text quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph. 1Para. 1ASandstorms sometimes affect Beijing.2Para. 2 BSandstorms do a lot of damage to people.3Para. 3 CThe government
22、 plants trees to prevent sandstorms.4Para. 4 DSandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries.5Para. 5 ESandstorms in Asia.6Para. 6 FSandstorms in China appear to have increased as a result of desertification.16_答案：16DEFABCCarefulreadingRead the text again and choose the
23、 best answers.1What is the best description about a sandstorm according to the text?AIt is a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries.BIt is a strong wind carrying sand.CIt is a way to cause land to become desert.DIt is a kind of natural disaster that cant be dealt with.2What is the mai
24、n reason for the increase of sandstorms in China recently?ABeing close to many deserts.BThe worsening of the weather in China.CDesertification.DPeople cut down trees and dig up grass.3What effects are sandstorms bringing to people living in cities?AThe whole city is usually covered by thick and brow
25、nyellow dust.BTraffic moves very slowly.CPeople cant breathe well and the dust makes them ill.DAll the above.4What is the best way to avoid the effects of the sandstorm?ATo live far away from deserts.BTo stay at home when a sandstorm happens.CTo wear a mask if you want to go out.DTo plant more trees
26、.答案：14BCDDStudyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text. 1This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.句式分析尝试翻译这(沙漠化)是一个由于气候变化和人类砍伐树木、铲除草皮而使陆地变成沙漠的过程。2The storms sometimes continue all day a
27、nd traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. 句式分析尝试翻译沙尘暴有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。3The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.句式分析尝试翻译中国中央气象站能在沙尘暴到
28、达北京前几周预报沙尘暴，但沙尘暴的力量有时很惊人。.阅读理解AAs most people know, in the past few years, sandstorms have swept across many cities and areas of North China, polluting the air and disturbing daily lives of human beings. People look dirty and suffer many kinds of illnesses, such as breath difficulty. The sandstorm i
29、s such a serious problem that it has not only undermined the industrial and agricultural development of our country but also caused a lot of trouble to the living conditions of the Chinese people. It is expected that effective (有效的) measures should be taken as soon as possible through our joint effo
30、rts to limit its occurrence.So what should we do with the frightening sandstorms? Some experts put forward practical suggestions as follows: For one thing, more funds (基金) ought to be put into tree planting and forest protection so as to keep more water resources within the surface of the earth. For
31、 another, governments of all countries should make laws on environmental protection. For example, banning the use of throwaway chopsticks and punishing illegal tree cutting. Scientists should also study and find ways to cut down the degree of its destruction and to improve the whole environment.How
32、people look forward to sunny days with little breeze (微风) touching their faces now and forever! Nevertheless, I am fully confident that the golden days can come back so long as everyone tries his best to protect natural environment from today on. 语篇解读：本文讲述的是在沙尘暴对我们的工农业和生活的影响，分析了我们能够采取的多种措施。1The unde
33、rlined word “undermined” (in Paragraph 1) means _.AweakenedBencouragedCkept Dmade解析：选A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，沙尘暴不仅仅削弱了工农业的发展，还带来很多生活方面的困难，故该词是指A项意思。2From the first paragraph, we can infer _.AChina has taken no measures to prevent sandstormsBsandstorms can cause much damage to human beings and their daily
34、livesCthe sandstorm is the most dangerous natural disaster to human beingsDmore sandstorms will happen in the near future in North China解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中“but also caused a lot of trouble to the living conditions of the Chinese people”说明沙尘暴会给人们的生活带来很多的麻烦，故B正确。3. How many ways do some experts put forw
35、ard to fight against sandstorm?A5 B4C3 D2解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For one thing, more funds (基金) ought to .”和“For another, governments of all countries should make laws on environmental protection.”以及“Scientists should also study and find ways to cut down the degree of its destruction and to improve the w
36、hole environment.”说明文章中提出了3种方法，故C正确。4Whats the authors attitude towards the situation to sandstorms problems? AUnconfident. BOptimistic.CRegretful. DSatisfied.解析：选B推理推断题。根据文章最后“I am fully confident that the . environment from today on.”说明作者很有信心。故B正确。BMost of the sandstorms that had swept China last
37、year came from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification (荒漠化) control said on Monday. And the invasions (入侵) could partly explain the frequent sandstorms in the country in recent years despite its achievements in desertification control.Since the start of last spring, the north
38、and northwestern Chinese regions had been hit by 17 sandstorms，of which, a dozen came from foreign land. Situated in the centralAsia sandstorm region, one of the worlds four largest sandstorm sources, China also suffers from sandstorms from outside the country while being blamed as a sand source to
39、northeast Asia. The other three major sources are in Africa, North America and Australia.The land suffering from desertification has been decreasing by 7,585 square kilometres annually in China, and the area of sandy land has also been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year. The shrinkage (收缩) fo
40、rms a clear contrast to the fact that the land suffering from desertification and sandy feature was added by 10,400 square kilometres and 3,436 square kilometres late last century, respectively. Currently, the desertification land in China makes up 2.64 million square kilometres, accounting for 27.4
41、6 percent of the nations land, and its sandy land totals 1.74 million square kilometres, accounting for 18.1 percent of the countrys total. 语篇解读：近年来中国遭受严重的风沙袭击，而中国也被认为是风沙的来源之一，经过努力中国在治沙方面取得显著的效果。5What does the underlined word “decreasing” mean in Paragraph 4?AGoing down. BGoing up.CComing from. DTak
42、ing up.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段最后的“has also been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year”可知，该词的意思是“减少”，与fall的意思接近，故选A项。6Where do most of the sandstorms in China come from?AThe northwestern Chinese regions.BThe northern Chinese regions.CThe western part of China.DForeign countries.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段提到“Most o
43、f the sandstorms that . control said on Monday.”去年袭击中国的沙尘暴来自外国，故选D项。7Which of the following is believed to be the sand source to northeast Asia?AMongolia. BAfrica.CChina. DAustralia.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段“China also suffers from sandstorms . sand source to northeast Asia”可知中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地，故选C项。8What can w
44、e infer from this passage?AThe land in China suffering from desertification has been increasing greatly.BChina has made achievements in its own desertification control.CThe desertification land makes up nearly half of Chinas territory.DLittle progress has been made in controlling desertification in
45、China.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段提到“The land suffering from . falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year.”遭受风沙袭击的土地每年减少7 585平方公里，沙地的区域每年减少了1 284平方公里，故可知控制沙漠化取得了成效，故选B项。CWelcome to the Barossa Valley Balloon Adventures website. We hope you find it helpful and easy to use.Balloon Adventures has been a family owne
46、d and operated business since 1986. We have flown thousands of very happy people of all ages over the years. We have a highly experienced team with your safety and enjoyment as our primary concern. Your experience starts when we meet you at the winery (酿酒厂) on the edge of Tanunda, one and a half hou
47、rs before sunrise. From there our team checks the wind conditions and then chooses the best launch site for the day. We have about 17 different sites throughout the country to choose from.Once at the launch site we then inflate (充气) the giant colourful balloon. Inflation takes about half an hour. Th
48、en its up, up and away for an experience of a lifetime. Imagine floating above the Barossa, drifting with the breeze and without a care in the world. Ballooning is probably the most romantic form of transportation.We fly with the wind for about an hour, which gives you plenty of time to take photos
49、and just enjoy the sense of freedom drifting with the breeze. Then, when we land, our support vehicle arrives, we pack the balloon away and then head off to enjoy some of the local food. After breakfast everyone is then officially certified a “Balloonatic” with their own flight certificate. So, in t
50、otal, youre with us for approximate five hours. After we say goodbye, feel free to explore the sites, sounds and tastes that the Barossa offers.语篇解读：本文是关于在巴罗萨峡谷进行热气球飞行的介绍。9Whats the form of Balloon Adventures?AA family owned and operated business.BA highly experienced team.CA party of thousands of h
51、appy people.DA network company.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知A项正确。10How long does it take to inflate the balloon?AAbout one and a half hours.BAbout an hour.CAbout half an hour.DAbout five hours.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inflation takes about half an hour.”可知给热气球充气大约需要半个小时。11A “Balloonatic” in the fourth paragraph i
52、s _.Aa ticket for breakfastBa souvenir from the local peopleCa ticket for an extra flightDan official document stating that you have traveled by balloon解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“.a Balloonatic with their own flight certificate.”可知Balloonatic是官方认可的乘坐热气球的证明。12The website suggests that travelers _ after the a
53、dventure.Ago back to hotel and have a restBhave lunchCvisit the BarossaDbuy some local food解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“After we say goodbye, feel free to explore the sites .”可知网站的建议是去游览巴罗萨地区。.阅读七选五What do you do to take care of the books in your library? Some collectors refuse to read the books in their coll
54、ections, so the books remain in good condition. Others buy two copies of a book: they read one, and leave the other untouched. _1_ Here are some tips to remember if you want your books to remain in good condition.Avoid writing.You may have been told to write in your books, or even to underline words
55、, phrases, and paragraphs. But if you plan to keep the book, add it to your library, or even sell it, dont write in the book. _2_ Use a notebook to take notes or use pieces of paper. If you are required to write in your book, use a pencil, and remove the markings later.Avoid food and drinks.Food and
56、 drinks are things that may be dangerous to your books, so the best way is to avoid eating or drinking while you read. If you need to read while you eat, make sure your fingers are clean and dry as you hold the book or turn the pages. _3_Take care._4_ Dont let it drop to the ground. When you read th
57、e book, dont fold (折) the corners of the pages (use a bookmark instead). Dont place your book with the book open, face down. Youd better use a book cover to keep your book in the best condition._5_If you want to take care of your books, keep your books on a shelf when you are not reading them. But,
58、also, take care that the books should be placed in an upright (竖直的) position.APut it on the shelf.BProtect it from dust.CThe ink may damage your book forever.DWhen you handle your book, hold it with care.ENo one knows exactly how to protect their books.FAlso, keep the book well away from food and drinks.GHowever, many readers must read their books, but they still want to protect them.答案：15GCFDA