1、江苏省宜兴市普通高中2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期中调研测试试题（含解析）注意事项及说明：1. 考试前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚。2. 试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）。共150分，考试时间120分钟。3. 答案一律写在答题纸/卡上。考试结束时，上交答题纸/卡。第一卷（共100分）第一部分 听力测试（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸/卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的
2、时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How much does the handkerchief cost?A. $26.00. B. $19.50. C. $6.50.2. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Wait patiently. B. Call the shop. C. Check the furniture.3. What will the woman probably do?A. Water the plants. B. Wash the car. C. Have a rest.4. What can we
3、 learn from the conversation?A. The man prefers pop music.B. The woman is quite young.C. The woman doesnt like pop music.5. How does the man feel?A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Afraid.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作
4、答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. What is Tom busy doing?A. Raising money. B. Writing a lab report. C. Giving classes to children.7. Who might be able to help Tom this week?A. Mike. B. Cathy. C. Jane.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Why is Jack leaving early?A. To avoid getting stuck in traffic.B. To enjoy the sce
5、nery on the way.C. To buy some gifts for his family.9. What does Judy often do at the railway station?A. Read books. B. Call some friends. C. Look around the shops.10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. What to do next year. B. Where to go for vacation.C. How to pass the waiting time.听第8段
6、材料，回答第11至13题。11. Why does Bill look troubled?A. He is short of money.B. He has made a big mistake.C. He is facing a tough choice.12. What is Bill now?A. A college student. B. An army officer. C. A computer engineer.13. What does the woman seem to advise Bill to do?A. Learn to repair cars. B. Refuse
7、the job offer. C. Ask his uncle for advice.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What is the woman recommending to the man?A. A writer. B. A club. C. A course.15. What is the woman reading now?A.The Beautiful Mind. B. The Great Gatsby. C. The Kite Runner.16. How much time does the man have to read the book?A. Two we
8、eks. B. A few months. C. Four weeks.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the speaker doing?A. Reporting a study. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Teaching a class.18. What should you pay most attention to when taking notes?A. Listening. B. Reading. C. Writing.19. What is an advantage of using symbols in notetakin
9、g?A. It keeps information secret.B. It leaves spaces for future use.C. It makes key words noticeable.20. What will the speaker do next?A. Ask a few questions. B. Show some notes. C. Make a summary.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸/卡上将该项涂黑。AL
10、etters to the EditorNurses strike Sir, I have worked in the public sector for more than 30 years and know that the idea that nurses will be “driven out” of the health service by the 1 per cent pay offer is poppycock(胡说) (news, Mar 8). What attracts and keeps people working in these areas is public s
11、ervice and, as the Queen said in her message, a “selfless devotion to duty”. Tim Kerin London E7 Doorstep heroes Sir, I can understand why so many people now like to have their milk delivered (“Pint-sized heroes are back on doorstep”, Mar 8) but dont know why it has to be at such antisocial hours. I
12、 have often been woken up by the loud noise of Milk & More delivering to one of my neighbours in the early hours, and one day last week it was even at 1:50 a.m. ,which made me sleepless the following hours. Helen Hinde Ruislip, Middx Wine of the weak Sir, Jane MacQuitty excelled(突出) herself in her w
13、ine column this week (“Red wine for lightweights: the best 12% and under bottles”, Weekend, Mar 6). The eight bottles on offer were flavoured as follows: forest-fruited, meaty, mocha, beetrooty, tobacco leaf, lemony and samphire. The star flavours(调味) in a Reisling from Chile were fat and lime pickl
14、e（酸菜味). Of the eight bottles of wine only one was described as “grapey”. Tony Stafford Harston, CambsNote: Letters to the Editor should be sent to lettersthetimes.co.uk or by post 1London Bridge Street, London SE1 9GF.1. Why did the three people write these letters?A. To make themselves famous.B. To
15、 make some complaints.C. To promote The Times.D. To improve their writing skills.2. The Queen held a positive attitude toward _.A. the health serviceB. the nurses devotion to their workC. the practical ideaD. the medical workers strike3. What does Helen Hinde think of the time of milk delivery?A. Sh
16、ocking.B. Pleasant.C. Unbearable.D. Popular.4. Which of the following about wine is true?A. Nine flavours of wine were offered.B. A wine from Chile had a pleasant taste.C. Jane MacQuitty won famous for the travelling column.D. More species of wine are expected to have flavours of wine.5. How should
17、the letters be sent to the Editor ?A. They can be sent through the Internet.B. They should be sent to the editors face to face.C. They can be mailed to the famous London Bridge.D. They can be mailed to the addresses of different editors【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个人发送给编辑的抱怨信。【1
18、题详解】推理判断题。根据Nurses strike中“Sir, I have worked in the public sector for more than 30 years and know that the idea that nurses will be “driven out” of the health service by the 1 per cent pay offer is poppycock(胡说) (news, Mar 8). (先生，我在公共部门工作了30多年，我知道那种认为护士会因为1%的薪酬而“被赶出”医疗服务的想法是无稽之谈(3月8号新闻)”；Doorstep
19、heroes中“Sir, I can understand why so many people now like to have their milk delivered (“Pint-sized heroes are back on doorstep”, Mar 8) but dont know why it has to be at such antisocial hours. (先生，我能理解为什么现在有那么多人喜欢让人送牛奶(3月8号，“小英雄回来了”)，但我不知道为什么非得在这么反社会的时间。)”和Wine of the weak中“Of the eight bottles of
20、wine only one was described as “grapey”. (在这八瓶葡萄酒中，只有一瓶被描述为“葡萄”。)”可知，这三个人写这些信是想投诉某些现象。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Nurses strike中“What attracts and keeps people working in these areas is public service and, as the Queen said in her message, a “selfless devotion to duty”. (吸引和保持人们在这些领域工作的是公共服务，以及正如女王在致辞中所说的“对职
21、责的无私奉献”。)”可知，女王对护士的敬业精神持积极的态度。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Doorstep heroes中“Sir, I can understand why so many people now like to have their milk delivered (“Pint-sized heroes are back on doorstep”, Mar 8) but dont know why it has to be at such antisocial hours. (先生，我能理解为什么现在有那么多人喜欢让人送牛奶(3月8号，“小英雄回来了”)，但我不知道为什
22、么非得在这么反社会的时间。)”可知，Helen Hinde对送奶时间难以忍受。故选C项。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据Wine of the weak中“Sir, Jane MacQuitty excelled(突出) herself in her wine column this week (“Red wine for lightweights: the best 12% and under bottles”, Weekend, Mar 6). (先生，Jane MacQuitty在本周的葡萄酒专栏(轻量级红酒：最佳是12%及以下， 3月6号周末)表现出色。)”可知，Jane MacQuitt
23、y因撰写旅行专栏而成名。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一句“Note: Letters to the Editor should be sent to lettersthetimes.co.uk or by post 1London Bridge Street, London SE1 9GF. (注意：致编辑的信件请寄至lettersthetimes.co.uk或邮寄至伦敦桥街1号，伦敦SE1 9GF。)”可知，这些信可以通过互联网发送给编辑。故选A项。BDo you know what “zero” means? Have you ever even stopped to thi
24、nk much about this concept (概念)? Its an easy one to take for granted. Of course, everyone can understand the concept of nothing, or having nothing.But did you know that some animals can understand zero as well? Experiments with monkeys and birds have proven that they can master this concept. But now
25、, the understanding of zero has been found in a most unlikely candidate (候选人): bees.According to a recently published study in the journal Science, Australian and French researchers worked together to conduct experiments to prove that bees are the first insects to “understand that zero belongs at th
26、e lower end of a sequence (序列) of numbers”, according to a report by Science Daily.Scarlett Howard, a researcher at RMIT University in Melbourne, trained bees to choose from several cards with different numbers of shapes printed on them. Correctly choosing the card with the fewest shapes earned them
27、 a reward of sugar water. For example, the bees learned to choose three elements when presented with three VS four; or two elements when presented with two VS three. And then these bees were presented a challenge a card that was entirely blank and that they had never seen before. But 64 percent of t
28、he time, they chose to fly toward the blank card instead of the card that had shapes on it. This suggests that the insects understand that zero stands for something less than two or three, according to Science magazine.Associate Professor Adrian Dyer, also from RMIT University, said the number zero
29、was the basis of modern mathematical and technological progress.He told Science Daily that the findings have opened a door to new understandings of how different brains understand zero. “If bees can understand zero with a brain of less than a million neurons (神经元) compared with the 86,000 million ne
30、urons of a human brain, it suggests there are simple and efficient (有效的) ways to teach artificial (人工的) intelligence new tricks .”6. Why did the writer ask two questions in Para.1?A. To expect an exact answer.B. To introduce the topic.C. To show the concept of “zero”.D. To inspire scientists to stud
31、y.7. What did the Australian and French researchers recently find?A. Most insects can recognize different shapes.B. Bees can understand the meaning of zero.C. Bees are better at numbers than monkeys and birds.D. Most insects can be trained to understand numbers.8. What did the scientists do in the e
32、xperiments with the bees?A. The bees were presented with one card each time.B. The bees were trained to choose the card with more shapes.C. The bees were rewarded when they chose an intended card .D. Different groups of bees were trained at the same time.9. How did Scarlett Howard prove bees had the
33、 concept of zero?A. By giving examples.B. By designing cards.C. By showing numbers.D. By doing experimments.10. Why is the study important?A. It shows there might be easier ways to train AI.B. It proves that animals can understand what zero is.C. It suggests bees can complete more challenging tasksD
34、. It explains the importance of zero in modern mathematics.【答案】6. B 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。科学杂志最近发表的一项研究显示，蜜蜂是第一批“明白零属于数字序列低端”的昆虫，这表明可能有更简单的方法来训练人工智能。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Of course, everyone can understand the concept of nothing, or having nothing. (当然，每个人都能理解一无所有的概念。)”和第二段中“But now, the
35、understanding of zero has been found in a most unlikely candidate (候选人): bees. (是现在，对零的理解在一个最不可能的候选人身上找到了：蜜蜂。)”以及下文的描述，可知，作者在本段通过问了两个问题来介绍蜜蜂能理解零这个话题。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to a recently published study in the journal Science, Australian and French researchers worked together to conduct ex
36、periments to prove that bees are the first insects to “understand that zero belongs at the lower end of a sequence (序列) of numbers”, according to a report by Science Daily. (据每日科学报道，根据科学杂志最近发表的一项研究，澳大利亚和法国的研究人员合作进行了实验，以证明蜜蜂是第一批“明白零属于数字序列低端”的昆虫。)”可知，澳大利亚和法国的研究人员最近发现了蜜蜂能理解零的含义。故选B项。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“
37、Scarlett Howard, a researcher at RMIT University in Melbourne, trained bees to choose from several cards with different numbers of shapes printed on them. Correctly choosing the card with the fewest shapes earned them a reward of sugar water. (斯嘉丽霍华德是墨尔本皇家墨尔本理工大学的一名研究人员，她训练蜜蜂从几张印有不同形状的卡片中进行选择。正确选择形状
38、最少的卡片可以获得糖水奖励。)”可知，在蜜蜂实验中，当蜜蜂选择了一张科学家想要的卡片时，它们就会得到奖励。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Scarlett Howard, a researcher at RMIT University in Melbourne, trained bees to choose from several cards with different numbers of shapes printed on them. Correctly choosing the card with the fewest shapes earned them a rew
39、ard of sugar water. (斯嘉丽霍华德是墨尔本皇家墨尔本理工大学的一名研究人员，她训练蜜蜂从几张印有不同形状的卡片中进行选择。正确选择形状最少的卡片可以获得糖水奖励。)”和“But 64 percent of the time, they chose to fly toward the blank card instead of the card that had shapes on it. This suggests that the insects understand that zero stands for something less than two or thre
40、e, according to Science magazine. (但有64%的情况下，他们选择飞向空白卡片，而不是有形状的卡片。据科学杂志报道，这表明昆虫知道0代表小于2或3的东西。)”可知，斯嘉丽霍华德通过做蜜蜂实验证明了蜜蜂有零的概念。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“it suggests there are simple and efficient (有效的) ways to teach artificial (人工的) intelligence new tricks . (这表明有简单而有效的方法来教人工智能学新把戏。)”可知，这项研究很重要，因为它表明可能有更
41、简单的方法来训练人工智能。故选A项。CFor more than a century, student journalists at the Daily Tar Heel (DTH) have written about life at UNC-Chapel Hill, US and raised questions on the issues of free expression, education, and big-time athletics.The independent student newspaper recently celebrated its 125th annivers
42、ary(周年). To mark the special day, student reporters asked the question: Whats the future of the DTH? The proud newspaper has been searching for the answer, and so have college newspapers across the US.Student newspapers are facing a dark reality. As they are free to read, they are making less money
43、than ever, meaning that such newspapers are finding it hard to survive.Most college papers have reduced their print editions (版本). Last year, the DTH printed a paper four days a week. This year, it prints a paper every three days. And while it used to produce around 22,000 newspapers each time, it o
44、nly makes around 10,000 now, said Erica Perel, general manager.Increasingly, student journalists have turned their focus to digital versions of their newspapers, and the new ways that social media allows them to tell stories. Theyve adapted (使适应) their skills to mirror whats going on in the professi
45、onal journalism world.“I think were adapting very well in moving away from that print mentality (心态). But its challenging,” said Jonathan Carter, a student at North Carolina State University.So what should student newspapers do? LoMonte said the best solution would be for universities to financially
46、(经济上) support student journalism.University leaders like to talk about producing civically (公民地) responsible students, he said, and journalism is a part of that. “Colleges and universities have to recognize independent media coverage as a civic good and step up to the plate,” he said.In the meantime
47、, campus newspapers are figuring out their financial models as they go along.Bruce dePyssler, adviser to North Carolina Central Universits Campus Echo newspaper, said his students post one story a day online. The best stories are put together for a once-a-semester(学期) print edition.And even if stude
48、nt journalists dont go into media jobs, Perel said, theyve still had a great education.“The number one thing that we teach is critical(批判性) thinking and how to be a lifelong learner,” she said. “ The ones who are living through this transition (过渡) are the ones that are going to be a lot stronger fo
49、r it in the end.”11. What can be read about at the Daily Tar Heel (DTH)?A. Some famous sports facilities.B. Articleon the reporters of the paperC. Columns about the free subjects.D. Students college life.12. What is making it hard for student newspapers to survive nowadays?A. Poor printing quality.B
50、. The impact of digital media.C. Expensive advertising fees.D. A lack of student reporters.13. What does LoMonte suggest student newspapers do to survive?A. Reduce print editions.B. Ask colleges for money.C. Publish more digital editions.D. Create their own financial models.14. How can student journ
51、alists benefit from the job, in Perels opinion?A. They become good at storytelling.B. They gain problem-solving skills.C. They become a logical thinker.D. They learn how to be a lifelong learner.15. Whats the article mainly about?A. The proud history of the Daily Tar Heel.B. Student reporters adapti
52、ng to changing situations.C. School newspapers under threat in the digital age in the USD. An example of how to combine traditional newspapers with new media.【答案】11. D 12. B 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国学校的校报在数字媒体时代受到威胁这一现象，并介绍了学生记者是如何适应和利用数字媒体反映新闻消息的。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“For more than a
53、century, student journalists at the Daily Tar Heel (DTH) have written about life at UNC-Chapel Hill, US and raised questions on the issues of free expression, education, and big-time athletics. (一个多世纪以来，DTH的学生记者一直在报道美国北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校的生活，并对言论自由、教育和顶级体育运动等问题提出质疑。)”可知，在DTH中可以读到关于学生的大学生活。故选D项。【12题详解】细节理解题。
54、根据第三段中“As they are free to read, they are making less money than ever, meaning that such newspapers are finding it hard to survive. (由于他们可以自由阅读，他们赚的钱比以往任何时候都少，这意味着这些报纸很难生存下去。)”可知，数字媒体让现在的校报难以生存。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段中“LoMonte said the best solution would be for universities to financially(经济上) supp
55、ort student journalism. (LoMonte说，最好的解决办法是由大学资助学生新闻工作。)”可知，LoMonte建议学生报纸向大学要钱维持生存。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The number one thing that we teach is critical(批判性) thinking and how to be a lifelong learner,” she said. (“我们教的第一件事是批判性思维和如何成为一个终身学习者，”她说。)”可知，在Perel看来，学生记者可以从这份工作中学习如何成为一个终生学习者。故选D项。【15题详解】主
56、旨大意题。根据第二段中“To mark the special day, student reporters asked the question: Whats the future of the DTH? The proud newspaper has been searching for the answer, and so have college newspapers across the US. (为了纪念这个特殊的日子，学生记者提出了这样一个问题：DTH的未来是什么?这家自豪的报纸一直在寻找答案，美国各地的大学报纸也在寻找答案。)”第三段中“Student newspapers a
57、re facing a dark reality. (学生报纸正面临着一个黑暗的现实。)”和第五段“Increasingly, student journalists have turned their focus to digital versions of their newspapers, and the new ways that social media allows them to tell stories. Theyve adapted (使适应) their skills to mirror whats going on in the professional journali
58、sm world. (越来越多的学生记者将注意力转向报纸的数字版本，以及社交媒体让他们能够讲述故事的新方式。)”可知，本文主要讲述了美国学校的校报在数字时代受到威胁这一现象，并介绍了学生记者是如何适应和利用数字媒体反映新闻消息的。故选C项。第二节 七选五（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Traveling abroad can be risky even when you have the best intentions to get along with the natives. Everything
59、 from greeting to eating can be a chance to do something wrong, and not only embarrass yourself, but offend your host country friends. _16_Personal space varies as you travel the globe. First observe what locals are doing and follow suit. In eastern countries, remember that touching and public displ
60、ays of affection are unacceptable. In places like Qatar and Saudi Arabia, men and women are forbidden from interacting in public, let alone touching.Talking over dinner is not acceptable in Africa, Japan, Thailand and Finland. _17_ Youre likely be met with silence-not because your group is unfriendl
61、y, but because mealtime is for eating, not talking. Also avoid their conversations in places a country might consider holy (神圣的) or only for reflection, for example, churches in Europe or temples in Thailand.The only suggestion for you is to keep quiet!_18_ Take off your shoes when arriving at the d
62、oor of a London dinner party and the host will find you impolite. But fail to remove your shoes before entering home in Asia, Hawaii or the Pacific islands, and you will be considered disrespectful. Not only does shoe removal very practically keep sand and dirt out of the house, its a sign of leavin
63、g the outside world behind. Then what should you do? _19_ If not, keep the shoes on.Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive (敏感的) to native behavior. Never be completely surprised by anything; try to take it in your stride, and dont feel offended if something seems
64、 offensive (冒犯的). _20_A. If you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces (鞋带).B. If you eat in these countries, youd better not start chatting while everyone else is digging into dinner.C. When in Rome,do as the Romans do.D. Whether to remove your shoes or not may be puzzling when yo
65、u are invited to a home.E. Its necessary and important to be wearing a new pair of shoes when in a foerign country.F. Look out for the following culture differences and try to avoid improper manners while going abroad.G. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.【答案】16. F 17
66、. B 18. D 19. A 20. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。出国旅行可能会有风险，因此出国时要注意一些文化差异，避免那些不当行为。【16题详解】根据上文“Everything from greeting to eating can be a chance to do something wrong, and not only embarrass yourself, but offend your host country friends. (从问候到饮食，每一件事都有可能出错，不仅让自己难堪，还会冒犯东道国的朋友)”可知，此处承上启下，内容与注意文化差异有关，选项F“Look o
67、ut for the following culture differences and try to avoid improper manners while going abroad. (出国时要注意以下文化差异，避免不当行为)”符合题意。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“Talking over dinner is not acceptable in Africa, Japan, Thailand and Finland.(在非洲、日本、泰国和芬兰，吃饭时聊天是不可接受的)”可知，此处内容与在吃饭时聊天是不可接受的国家该怎么做有关，选项B的these countries指的是上文的Afri
68、ca, Japan, Thailand and Finland，选项B“If you eat in these countries, youd better not start chatting while everyone else is digging into dinner. (如果你在这些国家吃饭，你最好不要在其他人都在吃饭的时候开始聊天)”符合题意。故选B。【18题详解】根据下文“Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the host will find you impol
69、ite. But fail to remove your shoes before entering home in Asia, Hawaii or the Pacific islands, and you will be considered disrespectful. (到伦敦人参加宴会时脱鞋，主人会认为你不礼貌。但在进入亚洲、夏威夷或太平洋岛屿的家之前，如果不脱鞋，就会被认为失礼)”可知，此处内容与去参加宴会做客时脱不脱鞋可能是一个难题有关，选项D“Whether to remove your shoes or not may be puzzling when you are invi
70、ted to a home.( 当你被邀请到一户人家做客时，脱不脱鞋可能是一个难题)”符合题意。故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Then what should you do? (那么你应该怎么做？)”和下文“If not, keep the shoes on. (如果没有，那就穿鞋)”可知，此处内容与判断脱鞋与否的具体做法有关，选项A“If you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces(鞋带).(如果你在门口看到一排鞋子，就解开自己的鞋带)”符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Never be complete
71、ly surprised by anything; try to take it in your stride, and dont feel offended if something seems offensive (冒犯的). (永远不要对任何事情感到完全惊讶；试着泰然处之，如果有些事情看起来冒犯了你，也不要觉得被冒犯了)”可知，此处内容与解释为什么不要觉得被冒犯了有关，选项G“After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different. (毕竟，我们生活在一个地球村，有着不同的生活环境)”符合题意。故选G。第三部分
72、 语言知识运用（共四节，满分55分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸/卡上将该项涂黑。Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic(满腔热忱的) musician. He once said that if he hadnt been a scientist, he would have been a _21_. “Life
73、without playing music is unthinkable for me,” he said. “I get most _22_ in life out of music.”Einsteins mother was a talented pianist who _23_ music to life in the family home. Einstein began to learn the _24_ at the age of six, however, he worked hard until he _25_ the joys of Mozarts sonatas(奏鸣曲)
74、at the age of 13. From that _26_ on, although he had no further lessons, his violin _27_ his companion（伴侣）.When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have _28_ much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music _29_
75、 in the school, the examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in the _30_ felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”. In addition to his great _31_ in playing the violin, he also played the piano and, _32_, loved to improvise（即兴创作）.In late life, Einsteins reputation(声誉) as a phy
76、sicist often led to _33_ to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. Probably the _34_ of the violinist Einstein that comes nearest to the mark comes from his friend Janos Plesch,who wrote “There are many musicians with much _35_ skills, but none, I believe, who ever played
77、with more sincerity or deeper feeling.”21. A. physicianB. musicianC. politicianD. reporter22. A. joyB. moneyC. ideaD. energy23. A. playedB. sentC. createD. brought24. A. violinB. pianoC. knowledgeD. game25. A. lovedB. trackedC. discoveredD. confirmed26. A. locationB. spaceC. accessD. point27. A. tur
78、nedB. remainedC. appearedD. seemed28. A. devotedB. spentC. lostD. wasted29. A. performanceB. presentationC. exhibitionD. examination30. A. hardlyB. deeplyC. carelesslyD. honestly31. A. skillB. patienceC. careD. courage32. A. after allB. in particularC. at largeD. by accident33. A. contributionsB. ap
79、plicationsC. invitationsD. prizes34. A. reactionB. destinationC. summaryD. instruction35. A. broaderB. funnierC. wilderD. better【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述科学家爱因斯坦还是一名有天赋的音乐家，讲述他对音乐的热爱以及音乐技巧的高超。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意
80、：他曾经说过，如果他不是一个科学家，他可能会成为一个音乐家。A. physician内科医生；B. musician音乐家；C. politician政治家；D. reporter记者。根据上文“Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic(满腔热忱的) musician.”可知，应该是音乐家，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐是我生活中最大的乐趣。A. joy乐趣；B. money钱；C. idea想法；D. ene
81、rgy精力。根据上文“Life without playing music is unthinkable for me”，可推断音乐是我生活中最大的乐趣。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱因斯坦的母亲是一位才华横溢的钢琴家，她把音乐带给了家庭生活。A. played演奏；B. sent派遣；C. create创造；D. brought带来。根据上文“Einsteins mother was a talented pianist”，可知是爱因斯坦的母亲把音乐带到了家庭生活中，故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱因斯坦在六岁时开始学习小提琴，然而，他努力学习，直到他在13
82、岁的时候发现莫扎特奏鸣曲的乐趣。A. violin小提琴；B. piano钢琴；C. knowledge知识；D. game游戏。根据下文“although he had no further lessons, his violin _7_ his companion（伴侣）.” 可知，本句中应是小提琴，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. loved热爱；B. tracked跟踪；C. discovered发现；D. confirmed确认。同前文中音乐是他生活中最大的乐趣相呼应，所以发现乐趣符合语境，故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，尽管他没有再上
83、小提琴课，但他的小提琴一直陪伴着他。A. location位置；B. space空间；C. access入口；D. point时刻。根据上文“until he _5_ the joys of Mozarts sonatas(奏鸣曲) at the age of 13.”，可知是从那个时刻起，小提琴一直陪伴他，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. turned变成；B. remained保持；C. appeared出现；D. seemed似乎。根据上文“although he had no further lessons”，可知上下文是转折关系，所以是他的小提琴一直陪伴着他。
84、故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1895年，爱因斯坦搬到瑞士阿劳完成学业，他似乎在音乐上投入了大量时间。A. devoted投入；B. spent花费；C. lost失去；D. wasted浪费。根据下文“much of his time to music”，可知是投入大量的时间，并且devoteto，意为“贡献给”，根据语意，故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在他17岁生日之前，爱因斯坦在学校的音乐考试中演奏，考官报告说，“一个叫爱因斯坦的学生在演奏贝多芬奏鸣曲时表现得非常出色。”A. performance表演；B. presentation介绍；C. exhi
85、bition展览；D. examination考试。 根据下文的“the examiner”，可知应该是音乐考试，故选D。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hardly几乎不；B. deeply深刻地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. honestly诚实地。根据下文的“In addition to his great _11_ in playing the violin, he also played the piano”，可知是表演的非常出色，是给人深刻印象地表演，更符合语境，故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了小提琴的高超技巧外，他还弹钢琴，尤其喜欢即
86、兴创作。A. skill技巧；B. patience耐心；C. care关心；D. courage勇气。根据下文“he also played the piano and, _12_, loved to improvise（即兴创作）.”，可知本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧，故选A。【32题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：同上。A. after all毕竟；B. in particular尤其；C. at large一般说来；D. by accident偶然地。根据上文“In addition to his great _11_ in playing the violin, he also pl
87、ayed the piano”，可知是赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧，“尤其”更符合语境，故选B。33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在晚年，爱因斯坦作为物理学家的声誉经常使他受邀在慈善音乐会表演，他通常很高兴地接受了邀请。A. contributions贡献；B. applications申请；C. invitations邀请；D. prizes奖品。根据下文“perform at benefit concerts”，可知是受邀请去演奏，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许最接近爱因斯坦的总结来自他的朋友Janos Plesch，他写道：“有很多音乐家的技巧比他好得多，但我相信，没有一
88、个人的演奏比他更真诚或更有感情。”A. reaction反应；B. destination目的地；C. summary总结；D. instruction说明。根据下文“There are many musicians with much _15_ skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.”，可知是对爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱的总结，故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. broader较广泛的；B. funnier更滑稽的；C. wilder更狂热的；D.
89、 better更好的。本句中是爱因斯坦和其他音乐家技巧的比较，并且前后转折关系，所以应该是更好的，故选D。第二卷（共50分）第二节 短文语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Most students _36_(study) abroad choose to live with the host family because it is relatively cheaper and they can freely communicate with local people. Unfortunately it can b
90、e difficult to figure out _37_ kind of a person a host is. Some are very friendly, they offer good food _38_ overseas students and teach them something about their customs and people. Sometimes they may even drive students to school. _39_ some students may end up with a mean and _40_ (friend) host,
91、who will ask them to pay extra charges if they eat too much, or complain because they use the shower too often. So as a student, one of the _41_ (lucky) things is to find a pleasant home to live in.Generally, rent varies according to your living _42_ (require). If youd like a big house with the gard
92、en and want to be the only guest, the rent will obviously be higher and dont forget the fact that you _43_ (expect) to pay the rent on a weekly or monthly basis.Also the location of the living area is very important. Most students choose to live not far away from their schools _44_ colleges. If you
93、live a little far from where you study, its a good idea to live in _45_ area with good transportation.【答案】36. studying 37. what 38. to 39. But 40. unfriendly 41. luckiest/lucky 42. requirements 43. are expected 44. or 45. an【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大多数出国留学的学生选择居住的寄宿家庭的信息。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数出国留学的学生选择与寄
94、宿家庭住在一起，因为这相对便宜，他们可以自由地与当地人交流。根据谓语动词choose可知此处要用非谓语动词，由Most students与study之间是主动关系，因此要用现在分词。故填studying。【37题详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：不幸的是，很难弄清楚宿主是什么样的人。分析句子可知，此处一个宾语从句，作figure out的宾语，根据宾语从句2kind of a person a host is可知此处要用引导词what，whatkind of a person作is的表语。故填what。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：有些是非常友好的，他们提供好的食物给海外学生，并教他们一些关于
95、他们风俗和人们的事情。短语offer sth. to sb.“向某人提供某物”。故填to。【39题详解】考查连词。句意：但有些学生最终可能会遇到一个刻薄、不友好的主人，如果他们吃得太多，主人会要求他们支付额外费用，或者因为他们洗澡太频繁而抱怨。根据some students may end up with a mean and5 (friend) host与上文Sometimes they may even drive students to school.形成了转折关系，可知此处要用转折连词but。故填But。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：但有些学生最终可能会遇到一个刻薄、不友好的主人，如
96、果他们吃得太多，主人会要求他们支付额外费用，或者因为他们洗澡太频繁而抱怨。根据a mean and可知此处也要用形容词，unfriendly“不友好的”，修饰名词host。故填unfriendly。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：所以作为一名学生，（最）幸运的事情之一就是找到一个舒适的家居住。根据one of the6(lucky) things可知此处要用形容词的最高级，修饰名词things，故用luckiest；或根据冠词the和名词things可知此处要用形容词lucky，作定语。故填luckiest/lucky。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：一般来说，租金会根据你的居住要求而有所不
97、同。根据your living可知此处要用名词，requirement“要求，需求”，不止一个，因此要用复数。故填requirements。【43题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果你想要一个带花园大房子，并想成为唯一的客人，租金显然会更高，别忘了你需要按周或月支付租金。此处是that从句的谓语动词，描述事实，时态要用一般现在时，主语为you，与expect之间是被动关系，因此要用被动语态。短语be expected to do“被期待做某事”。故填are expected。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：大多数学生选择住在离学校或大学不远的地方。根据their schools和colleges之
98、间是选择关系，可知此处要用并列连词or。故填or。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：如果你住的地方离学校有点远，住在交通便利的地方是个好主意。根据名词area/eri/是以元音因素开头，可知此处要用不定冠词an，表示“一个”。故填an。第三节 用所给词的适当形式填空(共10小题；每小1分，满分10分)46. We are trying our best to help the elderly people living in _ (poor). (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】poverty【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们尽我们的最大努力来帮助那些生活贫困的老年人。根据句意及空前介词in可知，
99、此处应使用poor的名词poverty。故填poverty。47. The doctors and nurses were rushed to the area to rescue those _ (injure) in the terrible traffic accident. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】injured【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医生和护士被紧急送往该地区抢救那些在可怕的交通事故中受伤的人。分析句子可知，设空处及之后内容在句中作后置定语修饰those，those和injure为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词。故填injured。48. Jack shared
100、his exact _ (locate) through his mobile phone, which made us find him without difficulty. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】location【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：Jack通过他的手机告诉了我们他的确切位置，这让我们毫不费力地找到了他。根据 his exact 可知此处要用名词，location“位置，地点”，是谓语动词shared的宾语。故填location。49. The children explore the world with great _ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空
101、）【答案】curiosity【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们以极大的好奇心探索这个世界。根据设空前的形容词great，可知此处要填形容词curious的名词形式curiosity。故填curiosity。50. We are handling some of the hardest problems in the world with this _ (power) tool. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】powerful【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们正在用这个强大的工具来处理一些世界上最棘手的问题。空格处修饰名词tool，用形容词。故填powerful。51. The _ (
102、major) of people in the area are in favor of the garbage sorting. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】majority【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这个地区的大多数人都赞成垃圾分类。根据冠词The和of可知此处要用名词，短语the majority of“大多数，许多”，“the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时，谓语动词用复数。故填majority。52. The problem is that a number of middle school students are increasingly _(addict)
103、 to cell phones. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】addicted【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：问题，许多中学生越来越沉迷于手机。固定短语be addicted to“上瘾，沉迷于”。故填addicted。53. The play _ (produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.【答案】to be produced【解析】【详解】句意：下个月上映的这部戏主要是为了反映当地文化。此处是动词不定式一般式的被动式做后置定语，故答案为to be produced。54. An animals sense
104、 of smell is still very important to its _ (survive). (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】survival【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：动物的嗅觉对其生存仍然非常重要。根据形容词性动词its可知此处要用名词。故填survival。55. Perhaps the next generatio of scientists will indeed discover more medicines _(benefit) to global health care. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】beneficial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：也
105、许下一代的科学家真的会发现更多有益于全球卫生保健的药物。根据名词more medicine可知此处要用形容词，作定语。故填beneficial。第四节 根据要求翻译句子（共5题；每小题2分，满分10分）56. 环境保护问题已经在不同的会议上被提及。（come up）(汉译英）【答案】The issue/item/problem of environmental protection has come up in different conferences.【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和名词。表示“问题”可用名词issue/item/problem；表示“提及”可知动词短语come up，无被动
106、语态；表示“会议”可用名词conference。由句意可知时态是现在完成时。故翻译为The issue/item/problem of environmental protection has come up in different conferences.。57. 他匆忙赶到家，结果却发现钱包被偷了。（不定式作结果状语）(汉译英）【答案】He hurried home, only to find is wallet/purse stolen.【解析】【详解】考查时态和不定式作结果状语。表示“匆忙赶到”可用动词hurry，本句为一般过去时。表示“发现”可知动词find，此处要用不定式作结果状
107、语，表示出乎意料的结果。故翻译为He hurried home, only to find is wallet/purse stolen.。58. 他还想当然地认为我会完全听从他的建议。(take it for granted) (汉译英）【答案】He just took it for granted that I would follow/take his advice/suggestions completely.【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和名词。表示“想当然地认为”应用动词短语take it for granted，表示“听从某人的建议”应用动词短语follow/take ones a
108、dvice/suggestions。结合语境，描述过去的事情，时态是一般过去时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为He just took it for granted that I would follow/take his advice/suggestions completely.59. Pipa满怀期待见到这位年轻貌美的姑娘，但总是失望而归。(disappointed 作伴随方式状语) (汉译英）【答案】Pipa hoped/expected/wished to see the beautiful young lady but always returned home disappointed
109、.【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和形容词。表示“满怀期待做某事”可用动词短语hope/expect/wish to do sth.，表示“失望”可用形容词disappointed作伴随状语， 这个心情是伴随动作returned home而来的。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。故翻译为Pipa hoped/expected/wished to see the beautiful young lady but always returned home disappointed。60. 有人可能会认为这位科学家发现Penicillin是出于偶然，然而实际上，这远非如此。(by accident)
110、(汉译英）【答案】One might think this scientist discovered penicillin by accident, but actually this is far from the truth.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查短语、动词、时态、副词和名词。表示“有人可能会认为”用one might think，后接省略了that的宾语从句，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时；表示“这位科学家”用this scientist；表示“发现Penicillin”，用discover penicillin ，结合语意，时态要用一般过去时，所以用discovered pen
111、icillin ；表示“出于偶然”用短语by accident；表示“然而”用but ，连接前后两个分句；表示“这个”用this； 表示“远非如此”用far from the truth；此处句式为主系表结构，因内容为客观事实，所以此处时态用一般现在时，所以be用is。故翻译为One might think this scientist discovered penicillin by accident, but actually this is far from the truth.第四部分 写作(满分20分)61. 假定你是李华，近期已经阅读了Great Expectations前四个章节
112、（A meeting in the churchyard, An arrest, A visit to Satis House, A fight），但注意到你校学生很少进行英语文学阅读。请给全校同学用英语写一封倡议书，介绍所读书部分情节，倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。内容包括:1、概要介绍 Great Expectations前四个章节 内容;2、你对英语文学阅读的看法（至少三点）；3、发出倡议。注意：1、词数120左右，不包括已提供内容；2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。My fellow students,Currently, most students in our school read
113、 little English literature, not only because they consider it too difficult, but because they dont think it necessary. I have read the first four chapters of Great Expectations by Charlie Dickens， and Im glad to share part of the story here with you._Li Hua【答案】One possible version:My fellow students
114、,Currently, most students in our school read little English literature, not only because they consider it too difficult, but because they dont think it necessary. I have read the first four chapters of Great Expectations by Charlie Dickens, and Im glad to share part of the story here with you. Pipa,
115、who lost his parents, lived with his sister and his brother-in-law. One day he met a strange man in a churchyard and was forced to get some food and tools for him. Later that man was arrested. Pip was luckily invited to a rich ladys home, where he met a beautiful but cold girl and also a thin young
116、fellow, whom Pip beat him easily. In my view, English literature is what we cant afford to miss. It offers us an opportunity to appreciate the beauty of English. Better yet, it allows us to communicate with those great minds. Also, it will benefit us a lot when we are required to do continuation wri
117、ting.I hereby appeal to every one of you to join me in reading more English novels like Great Expectations and you wont regret it！Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给全校同学用英语写一封倡议书，介绍所读书Great Expectations的部分情节，倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。【详解】1.词汇积累与某人交流：talk with sb. communicate with sb.机会：chance opportunity被要求做某事：be a
118、sked to do sth. be required to do sth.号召：call on appeal to2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：One day he met a strange man in a churchyard and was forced to get some food and tools for him. Later that man was arrested.拓展句：One day he met a strange man in a churchyard, who was arrested later, and was forced to get some f
119、ood and tools for him.【点睛】高分句型1 Pipa, who lost his parents, lived with his sister and his brother-in-law.（运用了由who引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型2 Pip was luckily invited to a rich ladys home, where he met a beautiful but cold girl and also a thin young fellow, whom Pip beat him easily.（运用了由where引导的非限制性定语从句和由whom引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型3 In my view, English literature is what we cant afford to miss.（运用了由what引导的表语从句作is的表语）高分句型4 Also, it will benefit us a lot when we are required to do continuation writing.（运用了由when连接的时间状语从句）