1、1表并列关系：and,not only.but(also).,neither,nor,neither.nor.等词连接的并列句，在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申，包括肯定和否定两方面的意义。Think it over,and youll find a way out.仔细考虑，你将发现一条出路。Not only is he himself interested in the subject,but also his students began to show interest in it.不仅他自己对这个科目感兴趣，他的学生也开始显示出兴趣。Neither does he work har
2、d,nor does his brother.他和他兄弟工作都不努力。2表选择关系：or,either.or.连接并列句表示选择意义。The children can go with us,or they can stay in.孩子们可以跟我们一起去，也可以留下。Either you are right,or I am.要么你对，要么我对。Dont drive so fast or/otherwise youll have an accident.不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。3表转折关系：常用的有but,yet,while等。Jane said she was ill,yet I saw
3、her in the street just now.简说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。Some men are rich,while others are poor.一些人很富有但其他人很贫穷。4表因果关系：常用的有so,for。It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了，到处都这么湿。The shops were closed so I didnt get any milk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。1(2011新课标全国卷)Someone wants you on the phone._ nobody
4、 knows I am here.AAlthough BAndCBut DSo解析：根据语境判断第二个人不相信第一个人的话，所以选C项的转折连词，表示“但是没人知道我在这里”。答案：C2(2011山东高考)Find ways to praise your children often，_youll find they will open their hearts to you.Atill BorCand Dbut解析：本题采用句式：祈使句and(那么)/or(否则)将来时。故A项和D项排除。句意：经常寻找途径来表扬你的孩子，那么你将发现他们会对你敞开心扉。根据句意，只有C项正确。答案：C3(2
5、011辽宁高考)Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open.Aor BandCbut Dfor解析：“祈使句and/or表示结果的句子”是固定句型，祈使句相当于条件句；and表顺承，or表转折。句意：把花带到暖和的房间里，它们很快就会开放。故选B项。答案：B1when 引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作：be about to do.when.be doing.when.be on the point of doing.when.had just done.when.Tom was
6、 about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.(摘自2010全国卷)汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正开着会突然有人闯入。点津 when还可表原因，意为“既然”。How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？2as soon as,immediately,directly,insta
7、ntly,the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when.和once(一就)这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。The moment I heard the voice，I knew father was coming.我一听到那个声音，我就知道父亲来了。No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我们刚到车站，火车就离站了。The boy burs
8、t into tears immediately he saw his mother.那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。3before(1)若表达“还未就；不到就；才；趁；还没来得及就”时，需要连词before。The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly,and her friend rushed out to greet her.(摘自2010福建高考)小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的朋友冲出来问候她。Please write it down before you forget it.趁
9、你现在没忘把它记下来。(2)It will be一段时间before.“多久之后才”。John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.(摘自2010陕西高考)约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。Its quite a time since he got injured,but it wont be long before he returns to the court.他受伤已经有一段时间了，但是用不了多久他就会重返球场。1(2011浙江高考)One Friday,we were packing to leave
10、for a weekend away _ my daughter heard cries for help.Aafter BwhileCsince Dwhen答案：D解析：考查连词辨析。语意表示我们正在收拾行李，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。be doing.when.表示“正在做某事，这时(突然)”，是常用结构，故选D项。2(2011辽宁高考)He had no sooner finished his speech_the students started cheering.Asince BasCwhen Dthan解析：考查固定句型。no sooner.than.“一就”为固定句型，故D项正
11、确。hardly.when.也表示“一就”。答案：D3(2011上海高考)If a lot of people say a film is not good,I wont bother to see it,or Ill wait _ it comes out on DVD.Awhether BafterCthough Duntil答案：D解析：考查状语从句。句意：如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我就不会去(电影院)看，或者我会等到它的DVD出版。由句意可知D为正确答案。4(2012江苏南通市第一次调研)How long will it be _ the professor makes anothe
12、r visit to China?It all depends.Auntil BbeforeCsince Dwhen解析：考查状语从句。根据句意可知，此处表示“教授多久之后才会再次访问中国呢？”，所以用before表示“在之前”，故选B项。答案：B1通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.(摘自2009山东高考)这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。When solving the p
13、roblem a second time,youd better be more careful where you made a mistake.当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的地方更加小心。2地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。Where theres a will,theres a way.有志者事竟成。Where(ver)theres plenty of sun and rain,the fields are green.哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。点津 where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别：where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中wher
14、e作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。Bamboo grows best where its wet and rainy.竹子在潮湿多雨的地方长得最快。Bamboo grows best in places where its wet and rainy.竹子在潮湿多雨的地方长得最快。1(2012郑州六校质量检测)There she was,standing exactly _ I had left her,crying bitterly.Awhen BthatCwhere Din which解析：考查状语从句。句意：她就站在我刚才离开她的那个地方悲痛地哭。where I had left
15、 her是地点状语从句。答案：C2(2012江西省抚州市适应性测试)Dad,the company is in trouble now.I want to resign as manager.I advise you to stay in the post.The company needs you right _ you are at the critical moment.Awho BwhatCwhere Din which解析：考查状语从句。where引导地点状语从句。语境：在这关键时刻，公司需要你坚守你现在所在的岗位。答案：C1通常由if,unless“如果不，除非”，as(so)lo
16、ng as“只要”，in case(that)“结果，万一”，once“一旦”等连词引导。The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,unless accompanied by an adult.(摘自2010山东高考)学校规则规定：除非有大人的陪伴，否则任何孩子白天都不允许外出学校。Our holiday cost a lot of money.Did it?Well,that doesnt matter as long as you enjoyed yourse
17、lves.(摘自2010江西高考)我们的假期花费了许多钱。是吗？只要你们玩得开心那没关系。Once they decide which college to go to,students should research the admission procedures.(摘自2010北京高考)学生一旦决定上哪个大学，他们就应该了解一下入学手续。2由on condition(that),provided(that),providing(that)(假若；倘使),supposing(that),in case(如果)等引导的条件状语从句。You can go swimming on conditi
18、on that you dont go too far from the river bank.只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。Supposing an earthquake happens,what should we do?假设地震发生，我们该怎么办？1(2012江西七校联考)It was foolish of you to take a、taxi _ you could easily walk there in five minutes.Athough Bas long asCso that Dwhen解析：考查连词。句意：你五分钟就可以走到那儿的，可你还打的去，真的太傻了。根据语意可知
19、此处用when引导状语从句，意为“既然，考虑到”。though意为“尽管，虽然”；as long as意为“只要”；so that意为“为了”，都不符合题意。答案：D2(2012郑州六校质量检测)My students,_ you have a heart loving life,you can always find things that would make you happy each day.Aas long as Bif onlyCas though Deven though解析：考查连词用法。句意：我的学生们，只要你们有一颗热爱生活的心，你们每天总能发现让你们开心的事情。as l
20、ong as表示“只要”。后三项分别表示“但愿”“似乎”“即使”，都不符合句意。答案：A3(2012河南部分重点中学联考)_ children believe they can succeed,they will never become totally independent.AIf BThoughCUnless DWhen解析：考查连词用法。句意：除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法完全独立。unless表示“除非；如果不”，相当于if not。答案：C4(2012西城一模)Have you got enough members?Carol says she will join
21、us _ the salary meets her expectations.Auntil BifCthough Dunless解析：考查连词用法。Carol加入的条件是薪水要达到她的期望，所以用if“如果”来引导条件状语从句。答案：B1让步状语从句可由although,though,as,while,even if(though),whatever(wherever,whoever.),whether.or.,no matter who(when,what.)等引导。Although the police thought he was the most likely one,since th
22、ey had no exact proof about it,they could not arrest him.(摘自2009湖南高考)尽管警察认为他是最有可能的一个，由于他们没有确凿的证据，他们就不能拘留他。However serious a problem you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.(摘自2010上海高考)不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sp
23、orts activities,even if they have the interest.(摘自2010安徽高考)工程师们很忙，即使他们对户外活动感兴趣，他们也没有时间。All the nations should be equal,whether they are strong or not.所有的国家都应平等，不管它们是否强大。2as引导让步状语从句时，常见的几种倒装方式：(1)如果从句的谓语部分为“不及物动词副词”时，常将从句中的副词提到从句的句首。Hard as you may try,you will not succeed.尽管你努力了，你可能不会成功。(2)如果从句的谓语动词
24、部分为“情态动词不及物动词”，常将这个不及物动词提到从句的句首。Wait as you may,he will not see you.尽管你等了，他可能不会见你。(3)如果从句的谓语动词部分是“系动词单数名词”，则常将这个作表语的名词提前，但这个名词前面的不定冠词要省略。Child as he is,he can tell right from wrong.尽管他还是个孩子，他能明辨是非。3while作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往放在句首。While volleyball is her main focus,shes also great at basketball.(摘自2011北
25、京高考)尽管她把重点都放在排球上，可她也擅长篮球。While the Internet is of great help,I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的时间上网也不是一个好主意。1(2011重庆高考)To show our respect,we usually have to take our gloves off _we are to shake hands with.Awhichever BwheneverCwhoever Dwherever解析：考查状语从句
26、。句意：为了表示我们的尊敬，无论与谁握手，我们通常得摘下手套。shake hands with sb.表示“与某人握手”，本句中的with后缺少宾语，结合句意选C项，whoever 在句中引导让步状语从句。答案：C2(2011四川高考)Frank insisted that he was not asleep _I had great difficulty in waking him up.Awhether BalthoughCfor Dso解析：考查状语从句。although conj.“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。句意：虽然我费了很大劲才叫醒他，但Frank坚持认为他没睡着。答案：B3
27、(2011辽宁高考)No matter how_，it is not necessarily lifeless.Aa desert may be dry Bdry a desert may be Cmay a desert be dry Ddry may a desert be 解析：考查句子语序。句意：无论沙漠多么干，它并不一定没有生命存在。首先，how 后面紧跟的应是其修饰的形容词dry，故排除A、C两项；此外，此处要用陈述句语序，故B项正确。答案：B1方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as“像一样”，as if(though)“似乎，好像”等引导。The house was
28、 greatly damaged by the truck.Wed better leave things as they are until the police arrive.卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。He acted as if nothing had happened.他表现得好像什么也没发生。I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day,as do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.(摘自2009天津高考)我像许多住在天
29、津闹市区的商人一样，每天乘坐快速列车到滨海新区上班。2原因状语从句通常由because,since,as,now that,seeing(that),considering that等引导。The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.(摘自2010辽宁高考)那个老人让Lucy去坐另一张椅子，因为他想挨着他妻子坐。Seeing that its raining,wed better stay indoors.既然下雨，我们最好待在室内。Now that you
30、have grown up,you must do it by yourself.既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。Considering that I have told you three times,you must know it.鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你必须知道它。点津 for后接句子时，表示原因，但它是并列连词，连接并列句。1(2012江西部分重点中学联考)Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,_ this was a memory she especially treasur
31、ed.Aas BifCwhen Dwhere解析：句意：珍妮在加拿大拍摄的照片丢失了，她感到很难过，因为这是她特别珍贵的记忆。此处as引导原因状语从句。答案：A2(2012济南模拟)_we have lost all the money,its no use turning on me and saying its all my fault.AAfter BNow thatCAlthough DAs soon as解析：句意：既然我们的钱都丢了，对我说都是我的过错也没用。now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句。答案：B3(2012苏北第一次调研)Mum,could I go out to
32、play now?Let me see.Yes,_ you have finished all your school assignments.Auntil BunlessCwhile Dsince解析：考查状语从句。根据句中的Yes可知，母亲同意让孩子出去玩，因此选择since(既然)，表示母亲同意的原因：既然你已经完成了所有的作业。答案：D4(2012潍坊市抽样检测)She is a crazy fan of this singer._ she listens to his songs hundreds of times,she will never get tired.AIf BAs long asCUnless DEven if解析：考查状语从句。句意：她是这位歌星的疯狂粉丝，即使她已经把他的歌听了上百遍，她也从不厌烦。even if“即使”，符合句意。答案：D
