1、山西大同市2015高考英语阅读理解训练（5）及答案阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a hand-written application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can
2、find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself. The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesnt always get the attention it
3、deserves. After all, before a word has ever been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self-confident. It can also show
4、 if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke fro
5、m time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers wont only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it!Body language will determine first if it“clicks”, and sometimes all it takes is just a few second
6、s. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的)level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job. 1. What kind of people is the text mainly meant for? A. Interviewers.B. Job-hunting people.C. Employers. D. Lay-off
7、workers. 2. We can learn from the first paragraph that_.A. hand-written letters are not used in finding a jobB. the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the betterC. body language is more important than spoken wordsD. Internet is of significance in applying for a job3. Using body language well
8、in a job interview will probably_.A. get rid of the interviewers prejudice B. determine what position one will getC. increase the possibility to get the wanted job D. help one remove nervousness4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Those using body language are us
9、ually confident. B. Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting. C. Body language is a mirror to reflect ones personality. D. People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.【参考答案】14、BDCC 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(五)】 ABoys need frien
10、ds，suffer when they dont believe they have any，and worry over the ups and downs of relationships.Many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do，in truth，though，no boy is an island；boys value their friends throughout childhood and adolescence and are happier and healthier when
11、they have solid relationships with peers.Despite the common belief that girls are better at relationships，most boys consider their friends a very important part of their lives，and boys may actually be better at keeping friendships than girls are.A recent study of 10to15yearold boys and girls found t
12、hat girlsfriendships are actually more fragile.Girls tend to say and do hurtful things to each other more frequently than boys，and girls are more hurt by the end of a friendship.Boys are the living definition of the phrase “peer group”；they love games with rules，competition，and doing things together
13、.Boys seem to enjoy，even need the opportunity to test themselves against others，and many lasting friendships begin in karate (空手道) class or on the basketball court.Competence and skill are widely respected；being picked last for a team or left out altogether is an experience that can haunt (萦绕心头) a b
14、oy for years.As boys mature，the friendship becomes even more important，and it frequently widens to include girls.During the teen years，friends can become the most important part of a boys lifeand a part in which his parents are not included.The confusion of being a teenager leads boys to form close
15、bonds with friends.There is the sense for many boys that a friend is someone who is “always there for me”，someone he can trust.They may be partners in crime or partners in study，but the friendship of adolescent boys can run surprisingly deep.26The common belief of adults is that boys _.Adont care ab
16、out others as much as girlsBdont value friendships as much as girlsChave the same friendship as girls Dhave healthier friendship than girls27According to the passage，_.Aboys usually build friendships by playing competitive games Bboys like to have small groups of friends Cboysfriendships seldom resu
17、lt in anyone being hurt Dboysfriendships can hardly end in failure28The author mentions the study in Para.2 to prove _.Agirls value relationships more than boysBmost boys consider their friends very importantCboys may be better at keeping friendships than girlsDboys may be more active in a friendshi
18、p29As a boy gets older，he tends to _.Awiden his circle of friends to include his parentsBshift his focus from his friends to himself Cleave his parents out of his friendsDbe confused about what a friendship is 30Whats the best title of the passage?AFriendships Between Boys and GirlsBBoys and Their F
19、riendshipCChildhood and Adolescent FriendshipDTips on Making Friends with Boys26B细节理解题。根据第一段“Many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do.”可知答案为B。27A推理判断题。根据第三段“Boys seem to enjoy，even need the opportunity to test themselves against others，and many lasting friendships begin
20、in karate class or on the basketball court.”可推知答案为A。28C推理判断题。该研究显示“girlsfriendships are actually more fragile”，并解释了其原因，由此可推知男孩比女孩更注意对友谊的维护。29C细节理解题。根据最后一段“a part in which his parents are not included”可知答案为C。30B主旨大意题。本文说明了男孩怎样重视友谊，并分析了男孩间的友谊，因此B为正确答案。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(五)】 BChildren start out as natura
21、l scientists，eager to look into the world around them.Helping them enjoy science can be easy；theres no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.You only have to share your childrens curiosity.Firstly，listen to their questions.I once visited a classroom of sevenyearolds to talk a
22、bout science as a job.The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling，salary and whether I liked my job.When I finished answering，we sat facing one another in silence.Finally I said，“Now that were finished with your lists，do you have questions of your own about science？”After a long pause
23、，a boy raised his hand，“Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢)eat? When I try eating leaves like that，I get a stomachache.Why？”This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.Secondly，give them time to think.Studies over the past 30 years have shown that，after asking a question，adults typic
24、ally wait only one second or less for an answer，no time for a child to think.When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more，children give more logical，complete and creative answers.Thirdly，watch your language.Once you have a child involved in a science discussion，dont jump in with “
25、Thats right” or “Very good”These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior.But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over.Instead，keep things going by saying “Thats interesting” or “Id never thought of it in that way before”，or coming up with more quest
26、ions or ideas.Never push a child to “think”It doesnt make sense.Children are always thinking，without your telling them to.Whats more，this can turn a conversation into a performance.The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your
27、 disagreement.Lastly，show；dont tell.Reallife impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and theyll understand why you want them to wash before dinner.Rather
28、 than saying that water evaporates(蒸发)，put a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.31According to the passage，children are natural scientists，and to raise their interest，the most important thing for adults to do is _.Ato let them see the world aroundBto share the childrens cur
29、iosityCto explain difficult phrases about scienceDto supply the children with lab equipment32In the last sentence of the first paragraph，the word “lists” could best be replaced by _.Aany questionsBany problemsCquestions from textbooksDany number of questions33According to the passage，children can an
30、swer questions in a more logical，complete and creative way if adults _.Aask them to answer quicklyBwait for one or two seconds after a questionCtell them to answer the next dayDwait at least for three seconds after a question34In which of the following paragraph(s)does the author tell us what to say
31、 to encourage children in a science discussion?AThe second and third.BThe fourth and fifth.CThe fifth and sixth.DThe seventh.35The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their childrens curiosity EXCEPT that adults should _.Atell their children stories instead of re
32、citing factsBoffer their children chances to see things for themselvesCbe patient enough when their children answer questionsDencourage their children to ask questions of their own31B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句中的“.share your childrens curiosity(好奇)”可推知此题的答案为B项。32C推理判断题。根据文章第一段第六句“The children asked me textbook
33、 questions.”可推知此题的答案为C项。33D推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句“When adults increase their wait time to three seconds or more，children give more logical(符合逻辑的)，complete and creative answers.”可推知此题的答案为D项。34C归纳概括题。根据问题的内容可在文章的第五、六段找到答案。35A推理判断题。根据文章内容：从第四段排除C项；从文章前三段的内容排除D项；从第七段排除B项。从而可推知答案为A项。阅读理解。Can people change the
34、ir skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania S
35、tate University report in the latest issue of Science.Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebrafish（斑马鱼） to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebrafish skin color is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanin (黑色素)
36、. The number, size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color.It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production. This results in less pigmented skin.However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, po
37、ints out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need
38、more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng.The new discovery could lead to
39、 medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.16. The passage mainly tells us that _. A. people can not change their skin color without any pain B. the new discovery could lead to
40、research into ways to change skin color safely C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked D. scientists have found out that peoples skin color is determined by the gene17. It can be inferred from the passage that _. A. nowadays people who want to change their skin color hav
41、e to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene C. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer D. there are two kinds of genes18. Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order to _.
42、A. find the different genes of humans B. prove the humans skin color is determined by the pigment gene C. find out the reason why the Africans skin color is dark D. find out the ways of changing peoples skin color19. The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that _ A. they are born ligh
43、t-skinned people B. light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production C. they have fewer activities outside D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin20. The writers attitude towards the discovery is _. A. neutral（中立的） B. negative C. positive D. indifferent（冷漠）【参考答案】1620、DABBC