1、第六讲 情态动词和虚拟语气1.（2014北京101中学高三模拟）Being constantly exposed to advertisements is annoying, but it _ be pleasant sometimes.A. shallB. needC. canD. must 【解析】C 考查情态动词。句意：经常看到广告让人恼火，但有时也是令人愉快的。A. shall 表示“命令，警告，允诺，征求意见”，B. need“需要”， C. can “能，有可能，会”， D. must “必须”。这里用can表示“有客观可能性”，选C。2.（2014山东枣庄期中模拟）The sto
2、ry _ be true, for I read it in the newspaper. A. can B. must C. will D. need【解析】B考查情态动词。句意：这个故事一定是真的，因为我在报纸上看到过。情态动词可以表示推测，can意为“可能”；must意为“一定”。这里表示肯定推测，用must。3.（2014山东枣庄期中模拟）I didnt know he was deaf, or else I _ that. A. wouldnt have said B. wont sayC. wouldnt say D. wont have said【解析】A 考查虚拟语气。句意：我
3、不知道他是聋的，要不然我就不说那样的话了。根据didnt可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，对过去进行虚拟，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done。or else“要不然”，引导含蓄虚拟语气，故选A。4.（2014山东枣庄期中模拟）Jenny certainly _ go swimming in the riverOnce bitten, twice shy. A. cant B. wont C. shant D. mustnt【解析】B 考查情态动词。句意：简妮当然不会去那条河里游泳。一朝被蛇咬十年怕井绳。A“不能”；B“不会”；C“不应该”；D“禁止”。根据句意选B。5.（2014
4、四川宜宾南溪二中模拟）You _ remind him to keep things neat and tidy, because he is well organized. A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. shant【解析】B 考查情态动词。A“不能”；B“不必”；C“禁止”；D“不会”。句意：你不必提醒他把物品放整齐，因为他做事很有调理。结合语境可知选B。6.（2014陕西长安一中模拟）But for those interruptions, the meeting _ half an hour ago.A. was finished B. would hav
5、e finishedC. would finish D. had been finished【解析】B 考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是有这些打断，这个会议在半小时前就会结束了。But for“要不是”，But for those interruptions,=if it had not been for those interruptions,是和过去相反的虚拟语气，所以主句用would have done，选B。7.（2014河南周口中英文学校模拟） We want someone to design the new art museum for us. _ he young fellow ou
6、tside have a try? A. May B. Shall C. Will D. Need【解析】B 考查情态动词。 句意：“我们想找人为我们设计新的艺术馆。”“外面的年轻人可以吗？”shall用于第三人称，可以表示征求意见或请求指示，may用于第一人称，表示请求许可，will用于第二人称，表示征求意见，need是需要。选B。8.（2014河南周口中英文学校模拟）The girl was drowned unfortunately. She _ , though, because there were so many people standing on the banks at th
7、at moment. A. should have savedB. could have been savedC. should be saved D. couldnt have been saved【解析】B 考查虚拟语气。句意：女孩不幸落水，可是她本可以被救上来，因为很多人当时站在岸边。从because后面的原因可知女孩本来是可以被救起来的，但是没有，以为是被动含义，排除A、C项是对现在的虚拟，也不对。could have done本来可以做但是没有，couldnt have done是过去不可能做了选B。9. （2014河南中原名校联盟模拟）He must have received a
8、 good education in his childhood, _ he?_ , he is polite and well-behaved and acts like a gentleman.A. didnt; Yes B. has; Yes C. has; No D. didnt; No【解析】A 考查情态动词的反义疑问句。由must have done构成的反义疑问句，并且有过去的时间状语in his childhood，所以用did构成反义疑问句，主句是肯定的，疑问句用否定形式。故选A。句意：“他儿童时期一定接受过良好的教育，不是吗？”“是的，他有礼貌，举止文雅像是个绅士。”10.
9、（2014河南中原名校联盟模拟）The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine ischallenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job?_ my students have a try?A. Should B. Shall C. Will D. May【解析】B 考查情态动词的用法。此处shall用于一、三人称表示征求对方意见。句意：“新的禽流感育苗的研究很富有挑战性。你认为谁能做这项工作？”“让我的学生试试好吗？”表示征求对方意见，用shall。11.（2014湖南湘中名校联考）-
10、Marx looks nervous.-So _ you if you had so fierce a competition. A. do B. did C. will D. would 【解析】D 考查虚拟语气。句意：“马克思看起来很紧张。”“如果你参加那么激烈的竞争你也一样。”这里if后的从句是对现在的虚拟，所以用的是过去式：so表示“也是如此”，代替前面所说的情况，引起一个倒装结构。so后的句子是对将来的虚拟，所以谓语动词would do,故选D。12.（2014湖南衡阳第八中学模拟）I was admitted into a famous university. My success
11、 _ me pleased with myself but I didnt . A. might have made B. might make C. should have made D. should make【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。句意：我被一所著名的大学录取了，我的成功本应该让我高兴的，但是我没有。因为是对过去情况的虚拟，应该是情态动词+have done，排除B、D两项。从but I didnt可知是本应该高兴却没有，might have done表示过去可能做了/过去本可能做却没做，选C。13.（2014江苏扬州中学模拟）What if you _ to send an essa
12、y with your application? Would you have been rejected? A. forget B. would forget C. had forgotten D. should forget【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。句意：你要是忘了和申请表一起发一篇论文怎么办？你会被解雇吗？从第二句话，说明是和过去相反的虚拟语气，说明前面的是if的非真实条件句和过去相反，用had done,选C。14.（2014北京第四十四中学模拟） I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didnt recogniz
13、e the voice. Oh, it _ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.A. must have been B. should have been C. could have been D. may have been【解析】A 考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：“我昨天早上打电话给你，一个女孩接的，但是我没听出是谁的声音。”“哦，那一定是我的小妹妹，她那会正在我在房间。”A“一定是，肯定推测”；B“本应该”；C“可能是”；D“也许是”介乎语境，选A。15（2014北京东城区模拟） Do you like the sc
14、hool? Yeah. I only wish the classes _ a little smaller. A. be B. were C. had been D. should have been【解析】B 考查虚拟语气。句意：“你喜欢这个学校吗？”“是的，我只希望班级小一点。”I whsh后面接从句，表示“但愿就好了。”从句中用虚拟语气，如果和现在事实相反，用一般过去时表示虚拟，和过去相反，用过去完成时，和将来的相反用would/could do，所以选B。16.（2014北京东城区模拟）According to the factory safety rules, all accide
15、nts _ be reported to the safety officer. A. may B. can C. would D. must【解析】D 考查情态动词。 句意：根据工厂的安全规定，所有的事故必须要报告给保安部长，因为是规定，所以用must“必须”；may“可以”；can“能够”；would“将会，过去常常”。选D17（2014北京东城区模拟） Joe, dont forget to bring your laptop with you tomorrow, OK? Oh, thank you. I wouldnt bring it if you _ me.A. wouldnt r
16、emind B. havent remindedC. hadnt reminded D. shouldnt have reminded【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。句意：“Joe,明天不要忘了把笔记本电脑带来，好吗？”“哦，谢谢。如果你不提醒我，我就不会带了。”这里用了虚拟条件句，因为是过去提醒的，if条件句用过去完成时，表示对过去的虚拟，选C。18.（2014江苏盐城中学模拟）I do enjoy my present job as an engineer. Well，I would also be an engineer if I _ my major when I was at colleg
17、e. A. could have changed B. should change C. hadnt changed D. were to change【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。句意：“我的确喜欢我现在作为一名工程师的工作。”“恩，我也会成为一个工程师，如果我念大学的时候不改变我的专业的话。”If引导条件状语从句，而条件状语从句和非真实（虚拟）条件句两句。真实条件句所便是的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生，其中，与过去事实相反的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），因此选C。 19.（2014江苏南通中学模拟）We were stuck
18、 at the airport because of the heavy fog, otherwisewe _ here in time for the conference. A. arrived B. had arrivedC. would arriveD. would have arrived【解析】D 考查虚拟语气。 句意：因为大雾我们被滞留在机场了。否则，我们就能及时赶上开会了。这里的otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件句，we were stuck at the airport是和过去相反的虚拟条件句，主句应该是would have done.选D。20.（2014江苏东台时堰中学
19、模拟） Isnt it Anns husband over there? No, it _ be himIm sure he doesnt wear glasses.A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not【解析】A 考查情态动词。句意：“那不就是安的丈夫吗？”“不，不可能是他，我确定他不戴眼镜。”从句子的意思看着肯定不是安的丈夫，cantt用于否定的推测，must not“禁止”，wont“将不”。may not“不可以”。选A。21.（2014江苏东台时堰中学模拟）He suggested the problem worth paying attenti
20、on _ at the meeting.A. to be discussed B. to being discussed C. to discuss D. to discussing【解析】A 考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议值得在开会的时候讨论值得被注意的问题。suggest 当建议讲时，用suggest（+should）do.22.（2014江苏东台时堰中学模拟） If you _ away our secret that day, the current situation_ different. Sorry, but _ to do that. A. didnt give; will be;
21、 didnt mean B. hadnt given; would be; didnt mean C. hadnt given; would have been; hadnt meant D. shouldnt give; is; dont mean 【解析】B 考查错综时间的虚拟语气和时态。句意：“如果你那天不泄漏我们的消息，现在的形势就不一样了。”“对不起，可是起哦不打算那样的。”第一空是对过去的虚拟条件句，用过去完成时，第二空是表示现在情况，主句用would do，第三空是过去不打算这么做，用一般过去式，选B。23.（2014江苏东台时堰中学模拟）Excuse me, sir. But
22、nobody _ smoke here in the lift! Sorry! I didnt see the sign. A. will B. shall C. can D. may 【解析】B 考查情态动词。句意：“对不起，电梯里面任何人不能抽烟”“对不起，我没看见标志。”Shall可以用于第二人称和第三人称表示“警告，命令，允诺，规定”，这里是sign上面写的规定，will是“将会，愿意”，can是“能够”，may是“可以”，选B。24.（2012泰安期末 ）Some young people these days just _ go out of the Internet bars i
23、nto the real world. A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. wont D. neednt【解析】C 考查情态动词的用法。句意：进来一些年轻人不愿意走出网吧到现实来。wont“不愿意”符合句意。25.（2012太原市高三调研 ）Whats your opinion of MrLis request that we _ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning?A. must B. would C. should D. could【解析】C 考查request的用法。request 后面的名词性从句要
24、用虚拟语气，即主语+（should）+动词原形。26.（2012上海市青浦区高三年级期终调研）I didnt see her in the conference room this morning. She_ have done the presentation at the meeting. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. needntD. may not【解析】A 考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。从第一个句子告诉我们：没有看到哦她出席会议，所以用“情态动词+have done”表示对过去事情有把握的否定的猜测，意思是：“不可能做”27.（2012金华十校期末
25、 ）Youd better put on a heavy coatSometimes it _ be very cold here at nightA. should B. can C. willD. must【解析】B 考查情态动词的用法。语境为：你最好穿上大衣。在这里晚上有时很冷。这里表示客观可能性，意思是：“可以，可能”28.（2012顺义素质展示） God! My cell phone is missing. You _ have left it at home. I heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.A. shall B
26、. must C. would D. could【解析】B 考查情态动词。根据答语第二句的内容可知第二个说话人认为对方“一定”是把手机忘在家里了。29.（2012顺义素质展示）I ran all the way to school yesterday, otherwise I_ late for the annual talent show.A. was B. had been C. would be D. would have been【解析】D 考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天我一路跑到学校，不然年度才艺表演我就会迟到。本句的后半句是虚拟语气，是对过去情况的假设，所以用would have don
27、e结构30.（2012上海春招）You_ bring your identification when you open a bank account.A. may B. can C. must D. will 【解析】C 考查情态动词的用法。句意：当你开银行账户的时候，你必须带你的身份证。31.（2012池州普通高中高三质监）Is it good to look up every new word when I come across it in reading?No. You _ , because you are likely to guess the meaning from the
28、context. A. dont have to B. shouldntC. cant D. mustnt【解析】A 考查情态动词的用法。从答语的后半句可以看出，他认为没有必要把每一个生词的意思都查出来，因为可以通过上下文的语境来猜测他们的意思是，表示没有必要，用dont have to。32.（2012九江一模）Churchill warned Hitler, If you dare to invade Britain, you _ pay for it with great costA. will. B. shall C. may D. should【解析】B 考查情态动词的用法。句意：丘
29、吉尔警告希特勒，“如果你胆敢侵略英国，你要为此付出巨大的代价的。”shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。故选B项。33.（2012枣庄期末 ）You _ either go with her or stay at home. It all depends on yourself！A. will B. must C. should D. may【解析】D 考查情态动词辨析。may“可以”。句意：你可以和她一块去，也可以呆在家里，这完全取决于你自己。34.（ 2012北京市西城期末 ）Why are you in such a hurry?Dont you reme
30、mber that we _ be home by 8pmto see our favorite TV show?A. can B. would C. must D. may【解析】C 考查情态动词。 must 在这里表示“必需”。句意：“为什么这么匆忙啊？”“不记得吗？我们必须得8点前到家，看我们喜爱的电视节目。”35.（2012安徽宿州一次质检）Whats your feeling now?I am terribly sorry. If only I _ here yesterday!A. cameB. would have comeC. have comeD. had come【解析】D
31、考查if only的用法。ifonly意思是：要是就好了，由时间状语yesterday来看，这是对过去所发生事情的虚拟，所以用过去完成时。36.（2012西安一次质检）If you smoke, you could at least go to the smoking area. A. can B. must C. will D. shall【解析】B 考查情态动词的特殊用法。must在这里表示“偏偏，非要”。句意：要是你非吸不可的话，至少得到吸烟区里吸。37.（2012四川省德阳市高中一次诊断）Jenny has dyed her hair red again.It _ be true! I
32、 can hardly believe it. A. mustntB. may not C. cantD. shouldnt【解析】C 考查情态动词的用法。由答语的第二句“I can hardly believe it.”可以看出，我不相信对方所说的，所以选cant，意思是：不可能。答语句意：不可能是真的！我不相信你说的话。38.（2012三明联考）The conflicts between North and South Korea call for talks to solve the problem.Quite right. I would rather the UN _ somethi
33、ng immediately. A. would do B. does C. did D. will do。【解析】C 考查虚拟语气的用法。很显然，would rather后的句子是对将来事情的虚拟，所以用一般过去时。39.（2012桐乡模拟 ）Im surprised that your story _ the first prize. A. should win B. can win C. should have won D. can have won【解析】C 考查情态动词+have done的用法。should have done表示“不该做的事情竟然做了”。句意：你的小说竟然获得了一
34、等奖太让我吃惊了。40.（2012合肥质检）Come to supper with us, Peter.一Great！I _ bring a bottle of wine.A. will B. can C. may D. must【解析】A 考查情态动词的用法。这里说的是将来的动作，表示意愿。答语意思是：好的。我愿意带瓶白酒。故选A。41.（2012 哈尔滨一中期中 ）Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash
35、.A. shallB. needC. willD. can【解析】A 本题考查情态动词。shall用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，一般用于第三人称），意为“应该，必须”。句意：“我可以用支票付账吗？”“对不起，先生。只是这是我们旅馆的管理规定：付账必须使用现金。”42.（2012唐山高三期末）If passers-by _ a blind eye to the injured little Yueyue in Foshan, Guangdong, she_ alive now.A. didnt turn; would be B. hadnt turned; would beC. d
36、idnt turn; would have been D. hadnt turned; would have been【解析】 D考查虚拟语气。由常识可知，小悦悦事件已过去的事情，所以这是对过去发生事情的虚拟，所以从句用过去完成时，即had done,主句用would have done。43.（2012 坊期末 ）It have been her to leave her child aloneShe isnt such a person。A. couldnt B. mustnt C. mightnt D. wouldnt 【解析】A 考查情态动词的用法。由语境可知，leave应该是过去的一
37、个动作，很显然这是对过去发生事情的否定猜测，所以应该用couldnt have done，意思：不可能 语境为：他不可能把孩子单独留在家里。他不是那种人。44.（2012黑龙江佳木斯一中四次调研）The government urged that every effort _ to bring down house prices. A. should make B. would be made C. be made D. must be made 【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。此处urge后的宾语从句用should+动词原形的形式，should被省略；宾语从句还是make every effort
38、 to do sth的被动形式。句意：政府紧急督促要尽一切努力降低房价。45.（2012江西丰、樟、高、宜四市联考 ）Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying atention _ before class A. to underlined B. was underlined C. to be underlined D. to being underlined【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。分析句子结构可知，worth paying attention to作the key words的后置定语；insist表示”坚持主张”时，其宾语从
39、句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should do，should可以省略，因此该从句谓语为（should）be underlined，因此选择C。解该题的关键在于弄清句子结构，不要受思维定势的干扰而误选D。46.（2012池州普通高中高三质监）Is it good to look up every new word when I come across it in reading?No. You _ , because you are likely to guess the meaning from the context.A. dont have toB. shouldntC. cant D.
40、mustnt 【解析】A 考查情态动词的用法。从答语的后半句可以看出，他认为没有必要把每一个生词的意思都查出来，因为可以通过上下文的语境来猜测他们的意思是，表示没有必要，用dont have to。47.（2012金华十校期末）The little girl is too thin. She_ gain some weight if she ate more, but she_ too little.A. would; ate B. will; eats C. will; ate D. would; eats 【解析】D 考查虚拟语气和动词的时态。语境可知，这是对现在情况的虚拟，从句用的是过去
41、时，所以主句用would done。but后的分句描述的是现在的情况，所以用一般现在时。句意：这个小女孩太瘦了，如果他多吃一点，体重就会增加些，但是她吃得太少。48.（2012郑州预测）Could I watchIV for 10 minutes more, mum?Oh, dear if you _. A. can B. must C. may D. sbouId【解析】B 考查情态动词的特殊用法。must 意为：“偏偏，非要”句意：“妈妈，我能在多看10分钟的电视吗？”“哦，要是你非看不行的话（就看吧）。”49.（2012安徽合肥高三一次质检）The constant rise of me
42、at price requires that effectivemeasures _ by the government A. must be taken B. be taken C. will be taken D. should take【解析】B 考查虚拟语气。这里构成短语：take measures 意为：“采取措施”。require 意为“要求”，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。50.（2012贵州五校一次联考）Your suggestion that the door _ when we leave is reasonable. A. should shut B. will shut C. would be shut D. be shut 【解析】D 考查虚拟语气。suggestion 后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即（should+）动词原形。
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