1、1it指代前面所提到过的事情、事物；婴儿或身份不明的人，未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。Ive broken a plate.It(Breaking the plate)doesnt matter.(指前面所提到过的事情)我打碎了个盘子。没关系。The Parkers bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in.(指双方都明白的事情)帕克一家买了一套新房子，但是在入住之前有大量的工作需要去做。Look at the baby.Isnt it lovely？(指人们对其性别还不太在意的婴儿
2、)看那个小婴儿，它不可爱吗？2it用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。We feel it our duty to make our country a better place.(摘自2011天津高考)我们觉得让我们的国家成为一个更加美好的地方是我们的责任。It worries me that he keeps changing his mind.他不断改变主意使我担心。He didnt make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.他没有把何时何地召开会议搞清楚
3、。As far as Im concerned,its no use arguing with him.He wont change his mind.就我个人而言，同他争论没用，他不会改变主意。3有些动词或动词介词后面接it，再加从句，构成固定结构。这类动词或动词介词有enjoy,prefer,love,like,hate,dislike,appreciate,have,take,put,help,see to,rely on等。I dislike it when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stranger.我不喜欢被留下来
4、独自一人与陌生人交谈。They would appreciate it,to be frank,if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.坦率地说，如果货物尽快被送到，他们会感激不尽。How can I help it if people dont read the instructions?如果人们不看说明，我有什么办法呢？1(2011山东高考)The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other.Ait Bthe
5、mCher Dthat解析：考查代词的用法。句意：这两个女孩长得如此相似以至于陌生人很难把她们区分开来。在that引导的结果状语从句中，谓语动词find的真正宾语是to tell one from the other，设空处需要形式宾语，而四个选项中只有it可以作形式宾语，所以选择A。答案：A2(2011江西高考)Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to work on?Athat BitCthis Dhim解析：考查代词的用法。句意：你为什么不让他注意到你病得太重了而不能继续工作呢？根据题干所提供的信息可知设空处为
6、形式宾语，“that youre too ill to work on”为真正的宾语。四个选项中只有it可作形式宾语。答案：B3(2011北京高考)The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase_.Athem BthoseCit Dthat解析：考查代词。根据句意“由于地方政府的努力，大城市的就业率在上升”可知应用it 指代the employment rate。答案：C4(2012济宁检测)We have mad
7、e _ clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office.Athis BthatCit Done解析：考查it的特殊用法。句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that we are strongly against smoking in the office。答案：C1another“又一，再一，另一”，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”。I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face another day like tha
8、t.(摘自2009山东高考)昨天一整天我都感觉很糟糕，所以今天早晨我决定再也不能面对像那样的一天了。Give me another ten minutes and I will complete the task.再给我十分钟，我将完成这项任务。2the other表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，是特指，常用于one.the other.。Ill spend half of my holiday practising English and the other half learning drawing.(摘自2010新课标全国卷)我准备把我假日一半的时间用来练习英语，另一半时
9、间学习绘画。3other作前置定语，表示“另外的”。We study Chinese,maths,English and other lessons.我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他课程。4others作代词，泛指“其他人”或“其他物”。You are a team star!Working with others is really your cup of tea.(摘自2010安徽高考)你是队里的明星！与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。Some are singing and dancing,some are drawing,others are climbing the hill.一些人在唱歌
10、跳舞，一些人在画画，还有一些人在爬山。1(2011上海高考)To stay awake,he finished a cup of coffee and ordered _.Athe other BotherCthe others Danother答案：D解析：考查不定代词。句意：为了保持清醒，他喝完了一杯咖啡，又点了一杯。the other指两者中的另一个，不符合语境，故排除；other 后需要名词，排除B项；the others是复数形式，表特指，不符合句意。another“另一个，又一个”，符合语境，故选D。2(2012烟台一模)Building a new school is one t
11、hing,while keeping it running smoothly is quite _.Athe other BanotherCneither Dothers解析：考查代词。此处和前面的one thing相对应，应用another表示不同的另一件事。句意：建一所学校是一回事，然而让学校正常运转是完全不同的另外一回事。答案：B3(2012沈阳高三检测)He paid 30%of the price for the house,and promised to pay _ by the end of the month.Athose Bthe othersCthe rest Dthe o
12、ther答案：C解析：考查指代。从语意“承诺剩下的在月底支付”可知，the rest表示“剩下的”，常用来指代前面提到的名词，选C项。4(2010全国卷)Neither side is prepared to talk to _ unless we can smooth things over between them.Aothers Bthe otherCanother Done other解析：句意：除非我们能消除他们之间的矛盾，否则他们两人都不打算和对方讲话。others“其他人”，泛指复数；another“另一个”，泛指单数；the other“另一个”，特指两者中的另一方。根据关键词
13、neither(两者都不)，答案选B项。答案：B1it意为“它”，特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物。I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,but I dont have enough money to buy it.(摘自2009四川高考)我喜欢这座前面有花园的房子，但是我没有足够的钱来买它。2that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于the单数/不可数名词。The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than that in any oth
14、er area of the city.(摘自2010陕西高考)西安市中心的房租比这个城市其他地段的房租都贵。Few pleasures can equal that(the pleasure)of a cool drink on a hot day.没有什么能比得上在炎热的天气里喝上一杯冷饮那样快乐。3one用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于a/an单数名词；ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，也是泛指概念；the one用来替代前面的特指的单数名词，有时可用that替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)；the ones用来替代前面的特指的复数名词，有时可用those替代(尤其在有后
15、置定语的情况下)。Helping others is a habit,one you can learn even at an early age.(摘自2010山东高考)帮助他人是习惯，是一种甚至年幼时你就能学着养成的一种习惯。Why dont we take a short break?Didnt we just have one(a break)?我们为何不稍微休息一下？我们不是刚休息了吗？Students who do well in examinations are those/the ones who ask questions in class.考试成绩好的都是上课爱提问的学生。
16、1(2011福建高考)We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose_ based on your own interests.Aeither BeachCone Dit解析：考查代词。根据语意可知应该是选择这些不同的夏令营中的一种，所以用 one，相当于 a summer camp。either“两者中的任何一个”，表示在两者中进行选择；each表示“(三者或三者以上中的)每一个”；it指代前面出现过的同一事物。答案：C2.(2011重庆高考)Silly me!I forget what my luggage loo
17、ks like.What do you think of_ over there?Athe one BthisCit Dthat解析：考查代词用法。说话人埋怨自己忘记了行李的外观，答话人提醒对方注意那边的行李，所以用that,特指the luggage。luggage是不可数名词，由此可排除A项；B项与over there矛盾；C项是特指上文已经提到的同一个东西，显然不正确。答案：D3(2012济宁模拟)When I moved to a new community,I found it different from _ I had stayed in before.Aone BthatCit
18、 Dthe one解析：考查代词。语意表示这个新社区与“我”先前住的那个社区不同，因为空处与前面的community是同类事物，所以用one代指；同时空后有定语修饰，表特定指代，所以要加the。故选D项。答案：D4(2012济南模拟)His advertisement income this year is about$36 million,over three times _ of last year.Athat BwhatCthose Dones解析：考查代词。句意：他今年的广告收入为3600万美元，是去年的三倍多。income是不可数名词，故用that代指。答案：A1no one,nob
19、ody表“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。常可用来回答who引导的问句。Charles was alone at home,with no one looking after him.(摘自2009全国卷)查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。2none“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。none后可接of短语，常用来回答how many/much的问题。How many of you have seen the film?None(of us)你们中有多少人看过这部电影？一个也没有。3nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what。Nothing in my l
20、ife impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.(摘自2010天津高考)我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次去参观故宫博物院。1(2011湖南高考)I knew that _ would ever discourage him;he would never give up wanting to be a director.Asomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing 解析：考查代词。句意：我知道没有什么能阻止他。他是不会放弃当导演的想法的。nothing 意为“没有什么”，符合
21、句意。答案：D2(2012陕西教学质量检测)How do you find your new classmates?Most of them are kind,but _ is so good to me as Bruce.Anone Bno oneCevery one Dsome one解析：none“没有一个”，指数量，表示“没有一个能赶上Bruce对我好的”。on one“没有人”。答案：A3(2012江苏启东中学摸底考试)Having sent several emails to apply for jobs,the college graduate waited for a repl
22、y,but _ came.Anone BneitherCnothing Dno one解析：考查代词的用法。句意：发出几封求职信后这位大学毕业生等着回复，但是一个也没来。这里指的是“回复”没来，指物，故选A。答案：A1all指所有的人或物，表示“(三者或三者以上)全部，都”。All I want is peace and quiet.我所需要的是和平和安静。2both表示“两者都”。Did you go to London or Paris last year?We went to both.A week in London and two weeks in Paris.你们去年去了伦敦还是巴
23、黎？都去了。在伦敦待了一周在巴黎待了两周。3either表示“(两者中)任何一个”。He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found either of them again.(摘自2010重庆高考)冲突中他发脾气且损害了健康，结果两样再也没有挽回了。4neither表示“(两者)都不”。I tried two different methods,yet neither of them seemed to work very well.我尝试了两种方法，但哪一种好像都不好。5none表示“(三者或三者以上)都不”。
24、Wow!Youve got so many clothes.But none of them are in fashion now.(摘自2009上海高考)哇！你衣服真多啊！但是没一件时兴的。1(2011辽宁高考)Would you like tea or coffee?_，thank you.Ive just had some water.AEither BBothCAny DNeither解析：考查代词用法。句意：“你想要茶还是咖啡？”“都不要，谢谢。我刚喝过一些水。”根据答句中的“Ive just had some water.”可知此处表示两者都不要，故用neither。答案：D2(2
25、010浙江高考)_ thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.AOne BAllCEverything DAnything解析：考查代词。空格中所要选的代词在整个句子中作主语，后面的thats important作了主语的定语，all that相当于what，所以选B项。答案：B3(2012南京二模)Your plan,as well as his,sounds original.But the company,I think,wont approve _ of them,
26、for they are unrealistic.Aany BbothCeach Deither解析：考查代词用法。由“they are unrealistic”可知它们都不现实，由此可知公司不会批准“两者中任何一个”计划。A、C两项用于三者或三者以上，both表示对两者的肯定，与not连用时，表示部分否定。故选D项。答案：D4(2012西城第一学期期末)We have two seats free here.Which one would you like?_！My mother is coming to see the film with me.ANone BNeither CAll DBoth解析：考查代词。根据题干中的two seats可排除A、C(这两项都用于指三者或三者以上)；neither指“两者都不”；both指“两者都”。根据答语中的第二句话可知D项符合语意，即两个座位都要。答案：D