1、常熟市2014高考英阅读理解语一轮（暑假）训练题（1）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C， D ）中，选出最佳选项。ARecent studies suggest that family arrangements in Western societies have not changed as much in the last few centuries as is generally believed. Yet most sociologists agree that in modern societies, there are fewer opportunities fo
2、r friendship and support from relatives. Parents and children often live apart from other relatives, and seldom visit them. Also, the family moves when a parent accepts a job in another place or when it decides to live in a better neighbourhood. Together, loneliness and mobility (迁移) force immediate
3、 family members to depend heavily on one another for affection and companionship. Because the family is one of the few ongoing sources of affection and companionship in modern societies, a high percentage of people continue to marry, even though it is possible for a single man and woman to live toge
4、ther without marrying. On the other hand, because affection and companionship have become so important, families are more likely to break up if the husbands or wifes emotional (情感的) needs are not met within the family circleeven if all other family functions (功能) are being satisfactorily performed,
5、and in this sense, affection and companionship have become the touchstone of the modern family. 1. It is generally believed that _.A. many people spend their lives in familiar communitiesB. a person can easily get in touch with relatives in times of difficultyC. the organization of the family has ch
6、anged a great dealD. Western societies have not changed much in the past few years2. Sociological studies show that _.A. the more the family moves, the less support it gets from its distant relatives B. parents and children live together to make up for the lack of relatives outside the family C. fam
7、ily arrangements have changed and so there is little need for companion of relativesD. family members are separated from each other because of lack of support from relatives3. The underlined word in the last paragraph may be replaced by “_”.A. resultB. troubleC. functionD. standard4. In the last par
8、agraph, the writer mainly wants to say _.A. affection and companionship are important for the family and they can be gained from nowhere but the familyB. affection and companionship can come from the family and at the same time safeguard the familyC. there are few ways to gain affection and companio
9、nship but the best way to get them is from the familyD. in modern societies a lot of families break up and its just for the lack of affection and companionship参考答案CADB *结束（201*天津卷）CAn idea that started in Seattles public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help t
10、o build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same tome.In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to
11、 be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (发起）the If All of Seattle Read the Same Book project in 1998. Her original program used author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since
12、 expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong kong.In Chicago, the mayor(市长）appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the One Book, One Chicago program. As a result, reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city. Across
13、 the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character. The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the i
14、dea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy And passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.Ultinatel was Nancy points out,
15、the level of sucicess is not meastured by how many people read a book,but by how many people are enriched by the process.or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.46.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?A.To invite authors to guide read
16、ers.B.To encourage people to read and share.C.To involve people in communnity service.D.To promote the friendship between cities.47.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the projict?A.They had little interest in reading.B.They were too busy to read a book.C.They came from many different
17、backgroundsD.They lacked support from the locat government48.According to the passage,where would the project be more easily carried out?A.In large communities with little sense of unityB.In large cities where libraries are far from homeC.In medium-sized cities with a diverse populationD.In large to
18、wns where agreement can be quickly reached49.The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean A.exchanged ideas with each otherB.discussed the meaning of a wordC.gamed life experience D.used the same language50.According to Nacy,the degree of students of the project is judged by A. th
19、e careful selection of a proper bookB. the growing popularity of the writersC.the number of people who benefit from reading.D.the number of books that each person reads.参考答案 BCDAC*结束 The science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper. Indeed, as a result of new advances in physics a
20、nd their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy mans wants, the world itself has been changing rapidly. Space technology, industrial technology, and the technology of the home, the farm, the office, the bank, and the department store have all been revolutionized.Clearly, every grown up
21、today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics. Whether it be Congress(美国国会) voting huge sums of money for new warships, space exploration, or atomic energy；the office staff learning to use a new computer；son Bobby wanting to know about going to the moon；
22、or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove physics seems to be everywhere.Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in America are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students. They know that some of their eager students will somed
23、ay be scientists and will them selves then contribute(贡献) to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things.But in any case, they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science(any science) to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways, they have contributed much to
24、helping each one live a more meaningful life.13The application of new advances in physics to inventions _ .Amay solve all the problems in teaching Bcan help people understand the meaning of life Cis intended to meet peoples needs Dmakes people understand the voting rules of the Congress 14According
25、to the passage, many American teachers are making efforts to do all of the following EXCEPT _.Aarousing (激起) their students interest in physicsBmaking their students understand the importance of physics Cgiving their students the information of new advances in science Dcreating excitement about phys
26、ical education among their students 15The word “themselves” in the third paragraph refers to _ . Asome of the eager students Bthe students in the classroom Cthe teachers giving lessons Dall the scientists in physics 16The first two paragraphs of the passage mainly tell us about _ .Anew advances in p
27、hysics can result in new inventionsBphysics is widely used in our lifeCthe world has been changing rapidlyDspace and industrial technology have all been revolutionized. 1316、 CDB B*结束What do you see from a handful of seeds? Some see green plants, some see blooming flowers, or just seeds. But one gro
28、up of Shanghai students saw an opportunity to make money.Eight students from No 2 Secondary School Attached to East China Normal University started a virtual（虚拟的）company selling different seeds and seed products. They successfully sold 28 pictures pasted with different seeds at a campus auction（拍卖）a
29、 week ago. The company, which has recruited around 20 student staff members, has earned over 2000 yuan in the past three months.“We donated part of the money to a poor school in the countryside of Anhui Province. Its great to realize our ideal of spreading love and culture with seeds after many test
30、s and lots of hard work，” said Senior 2 Shi Chen, CEO of the company.Just like any other company, Shis didnt develop smoothly. Shi and her young colleagues（同事）used to sell fresh flowers and old books, and later found seeds might be something that their company could engage in. They bought seeds of v
31、arious plants and flowers at low prices from a local farm and sold them in schools or on streets. The creative students also made accessories and pictures with different seeds.With little business knowledge, the students had to learn new skills as the leaders of different departments, such as public
32、 relations （PR）, sales and marketing. They persuaded a joint Sino-French company near their school to give them training in business management. “They helped us overcome our shyness. We also learned quite a lot of business theory. I found communication skills and teamwork are very important for my j
33、ob” said Senior 1 Qian Yifei.The 16-year-old was elected as PR manager thanks to her talent for speaking. She is also in charge of after sales service, dealing with complaints and providing suggestions.As the head of the company, CEO Shi has a lot more to think about. First of all, she has to learn
34、how to make her colleagues work efficiently（高效地） as the company only opens at weekends due to all their studies. “It makes the company more formal，” she said.17The purpose of opening the company is to .Aearn money for their education fees.Bspread love and culture with seeds.Csee whether they can ope
35、n a company.Dcollect money to open a Hope School.18According to Qian Yifei, what matters most in dealing with public relations? ACommunication skills and teamwork 。 BCreative and critical thinking. CEducational back ground. DBusiness theories.19What does the word it (in the last paragraph) refer to?
36、 ASelling seeds. BCEO. CEvery colleagues knowledge. DTo make her colleagues work efficiently.20We can learn from the passage that_. Athe company is owned by 20 students. Bthe company is over-night successful. Cthe company sells fresh flowers and old booksDthe company gets much help from other compan
37、y selling seeds.1720、BADA*结束Would the voice of Amanda Holden saying “your city had talent” encourage you to use a litter bin? Or maybe former Monty Python star Michael Palin telling you no one had expected “the Spanish bin-quisition ”？Organizers of a plan persuading celebrities （名人）to lend their voi
38、ces to “talking bins” believe it can make a real difference to keeping Britain tidyThey hope that by using humor, they will succeed where fines and warnings have failed in keeping streets and parks cleanA similar experiment in Sweden found a talking bin received nearly three times as much rubbish as
39、 an ordinary one because people were attracted by its novelty valueTwenty-five specially adapted bins to be installed （安装）in the streets of London: and Liverpool next month will use a sound card to play a themed message when litter is| placed insideFor example, one near the Royal Opera House will pl
40、ay a thank you message sung by Janis Kelly to the tune of Nessun Dorma, Bins installed in Liverpool will play Beatles-themed messagesFor others, BritainS Got Talent judge Holden is expected to record the message： “This is Amanda, and this citys got talent”The campaign, entitled Bin Thinking, is bein
41、g organized by art group Sing LondonIf successful, talking bins could become a familiar feature on Britains streetsColette Hiller, director of Sing London, said： “The idea is to reward people in a small way for changing their behavior and raise awareness through a sense of fun”12What is the plan per
42、suading celebrities to lend their voices to “talking bins” aimed at?AAttracting passers -by attention on celebritiesBEncouraging people to use a litter bin to keep Britain tidyCMaking fun of those who wont keep the streets and parks cleanDThanking people for cleaning the litter bins through a sense
43、of fun13 The following stars, voices are to be lent to “talking bins” except _ AAmanda Holdens BMichael PalinsCJanis Kellys DNessun Dorma,s14We can infer from the text that _ Achildren are most attracted by talking bins”Bdifferent messages will be played due to different streetsCBritain is the first
44、 city where the experiment on “talking bins” was madeD“talking bins” might take the place of ordinary litter bins in Britain15What would be the best title for the text?ALending your voice to “talking bins”.BSing London art organizationCAn entitled Bin -Thinking campaignDA new experiment on litter bin1215、BDDA *结束