1、Unit 1 单元主题语篇训练.完形填空(2021兰州诊断)When I was a kid, my parents sent me to a summer camp in New Hampshire. At the camp we did tons of great things like swimming, sports and archery (射箭), but for me, the most memorable 1 was an overnight trip of mountain climbing. If youve ever 2 a mountain, you know its
2、a physical challenge, 3 when youre carrying your food and shelter on your back. When campers got 4 ， they certainly started complaining.“How much farther is it？”“I cant go any further.”“My 5 is too heavy. Can you carry it for me？”The reply of the 6 was, “Suck it up (忍气吞声)”. The truth is that the com
3、plaining campers were 7 near the point of 8 . If they had been, the teachers would have noticed the 9 and given them care. The kids simply werent used to the physical challenge. Once they realized they werent getting any sympathy they 10 the discomfort, and in most cases 11 having a great time. In m
4、y camp days, I dont 12 a single camper complaining at the 13 of the mountain.There are two ways to deal with an 14 situation. You can complain, or you can make the best of it. If you complain, you might feel like youre getting that 15 energy out, but youre probably not going to cause a positive chan
5、ge. Its much more likely that your complaining will cause the 16 of those around you. No one likes a complainer. Theyre 17 and they hurt the group. Complaining makes life 18 for everyone. Instead, if you determine to master your own 19 ， to move past it and focus on a 20 ， its my experience that you
6、ll realize it wasnt bad in the first place.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要叙述了“我”小时候参加了一个夏令营，期间和其他人一起参加夜晚登山露营活动。登山过程中，有人会抱怨走不动了；但是后来“我”发现，如果我们停止抱怨，坚持下去，我们的道路并没有那么难走。1A.experienceBbehaviourCoccasion Dsituation解析：选A根据该句中的“an overnight trip of mountain climbing”可知，此处表示这是最难以忘怀的一次经历。experience“经历”符合语境，故选A。2A.seen Breach
7、edCclimbed Ddescribed解析：选C根据上文中的“mountain climbing”可知，此处表示“爬山”。climb“爬”符合语境，故选C。3A.especially BnormallyCobviously Dnaturally解析：选A根据语境可知，爬山是一种身体上的挑战，尤其(especially)是当你背着食物和露营装备的时候。故选A。4A.ashamed BtiredCpuzzled Dshocked解析：选B根据语境并结合常识可知，当露营者累了的时候，他们开始抱怨。A项意为“羞愧的”；B项意为“劳累的”；C项意为“困惑的”；D项意为“震惊的”。故选B。5A.foo
8、d BwaterCshelter Dbackpack解析：选D根据上文中的“when youre carrying your food and shelter on your back”可知，此处表示有人抱怨自己的背包太重。backpack“背包”符合语境，故选D。6A.parents BteachersCguides Dpartners解析：选B根据下文中的“the teachers would have noticed . care”可知，此处表示“老师们的回答”。7A.somewhere BanywhereCnowhere Deverywhere解析：选C根据语境并结合常识可知，事实是，
9、抱怨的露营者远没有筋疲力尽(exhaustion)。nowhere near意为“远没有”，故选C。8A.camp BexhaustionCmountain Ddestination解析：选B参见上题解析。9A.signs BactivitiesCgestures Dscenes解析：选A根据语境可知，如果有人筋疲力尽的话，老师们会注意到这种迹象，并且给予他们照顾。A项意为“迹象”；B项意为“活动”；C项意为“姿态”；D项意为“场面”。故选A。10A.shared BunderstoodCsuffered Dovercame解析：选D根据语境可知，抱怨的人一旦意识到他们得不到同情，他们会克服不
10、适，并且大多数情况下，最终玩得很开心。overcome“克服”符合语境，故选D。11A.couldnt help Bended upCinsisted on Dgave up解析：选B参见上题解析。A项意为“忍不住做某事”；B项意为“最终”；C项意为“坚持”；D项意为“放弃”。故选B。12A.recall BforgetCdisturb Dforgive解析：选A根据第一段中的“the most memorable”并结合语境可推知，“我”不记得在山顶(top)有人抱怨过。A项意为“回忆起”；B项意为“忘记”；C项意为“打扰”；D项意为“原谅”。故选A。13A.foot BtopCback D
11、base解析：选B参见上题解析。14A.unbelievable BunexpectedCunusual Dunpleasant解析：选D根据下文中的“complain” “make the best of it”可知，有两种方式来应对不愉快的境况。A项意为“难以置信的”；B项意为“出乎意料的”；C项意为“不寻常的”；D项意为“令人不快的”。故选D。15A.great BspareCnegative Dpotential解析：选C根据语境可推知，如果你抱怨了，你也许会感到你正在将那些负面的能量释放出来，但是你很可能不会产生正面的改变。negative“负面的”符合语境，故选C。potentia
12、l“潜在的”。16A.dislike BrespectCsympathy Denthusiasm解析：选A根据下文中的“No one likes a complainer.”可推知，抱怨会引起周围的人(对你)的讨厌。A项意为“不喜欢”；B项意为“尊敬”；C项意为“同情”；D项意为“热情”。故选A。17A.amazing BshockingCworrying Dannoying解析：选D根据该句中的“they hurt the group”可知，抱怨的人让人讨厌。A项意为“惊人的”；B项意为“令人震惊的”；C项意为“令人担忧的”；D项意为“讨厌的”。故选D。18A.poorer BharderC
13、easier Dbetter解析：选B根据语境并结合常识可推知，抱怨让每个人的生活更加艰难。harder“更艰难的”符合语境，故选B。19A.life BmindCsuffering Dmistake解析：选C根据语境可知，相反，据“我”的经验看，如果你决心去掌控你的痛苦，越过它并集中注意力于解决方法(solution)，那么一开始你就会意识到它并不是那么糟糕。suffering“痛苦”符合语境，故选C。20A.trip BplanCsolution Ddream解析：选C参见上题解析。tips 完形填空之利用词汇复现解题完形填空重在考查考生是否具有全面的、整体的思维意识，考生如果没有较强的整
14、体意识和大局观，往往很难找出正确答案。换言之，完形填空需要考生能够仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注重前后文的呼应。在一部分完形填空题目中，考生不需要做出推理判断，仅利用上下文的复现信息，即可轻松确定正确答案。这些词汇复现包括：原词复现：在上下文中同一词汇重复出现。同根词复现：有词形变化的词汇复现。同义/近义词复现：意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的语言复现。反义词复现：意思相反的表达方式复现。上下义词复现：总括与分述的词汇复现。如rose(玫瑰花)是flower(花)的下义词，flower是rose的上义词。例如上文第2题选项C(climbed)与上一句中的“mountain cli
15、mbing”为原词复现。 .阅读七选五Whoever wrote the song “Its the Most Wonderful Time of the Year” must have never experienced the holiday blues. Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways you can use to beat the holiday blues. The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not wh
16、at we should try to avoid. 1 . Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.Dont force cheerAt family gatherings with cousins you secretly cant stand, you tend to put on a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem like the most mature response no drama, no c
17、onflict. But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers. The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 2 .Let out sadnessThe results of the busdriver study can be explained
18、by researchers, who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. 3 . We dont like contradictory behavior.Respond cautiouslyRecently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution. When you respond cautiously to an emotional t
19、rigger, you pause rather than react at once. 4 . Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits. 5 Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thin
20、g possible for your overall wellbeing. In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear. Just make sure youre balancing them with lighter experiences. And dont forget to give yourself a break.ARelax your mindBEnjoy a mix of emotionsCWe tend to deny the important funct
21、ion emotions serveDInstead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy lifeESo trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effectsFA cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experienceGWe feel bad when our appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介
22、绍了缓解假期忧郁的四种策略。1选D承接上文“The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid.”可知，负面情绪不是我们应该试图避免的，且与下文中的“Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.”衔接，并结合下文介绍的策略可推知，此处表示负面情绪反而有助于健康、快乐地生活，故选D。2选E结合本段小标题Dont force cheer和对
23、本段的整体理解可推知，强颜欢笑会适得其反，故选E。3选G根据上文中的“negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them”和下文中的“We dont like contradictory behavior.”可推知，此处表示当我们的外表和内心的情感不一致时我们会感觉不开心，故选G。4选F根据本段小标题Respond cautiously以及空前一句中的“When you respond cautiously”和空后一句“Besides, it is associated with l
24、ess anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.”可推知，F项符合语境，其中的“cautious response”也是提示。5选B根据空处所在位置可知，空处是段落小标题；根据对本段的整体理解可推知，本段主要讲的是享受混合情绪，故选B。.语法填空In recent years, many original Chinese childrens novels and picture books, with moving stories and Chinese elements, 1 (reach)great heights in the
25、 international markets.Childrens books have clocked 7.3 million volumes, 2 (account) for 50.33 percent of all books exported.Three factors have 3 (great) contributed to the 4 (grow): the depth of the story, traditional Chinese elements and emotions of the characters.The meaning of childrens books li
26、es in conveying the profound connotation (内涵) behind the story.Through the unique interpretation of the humanity and the environment, 5 (write) share the same feelings with Chinese and Western readers.Cao Wenxuan, 6 is the writer of Bronze and Sunflower, even won Hans Christian Andersen Award.The En
27、glish version of the book was published in 2015 by a British company, 7 republished in 2017.It was included in “the voice of the world the worlds 8 (beautiful) novel series”The book tells the story of the growing relationship 9 a city girl, Sunflower, and a country boy, Bronze.The author displays th
28、e extreme struggle of the characters in 10 face of hardship, and describes the true, the good and the beautiful in human nature with vigor (活力) and warmth.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国儿童文学在国际市场上越来越受欢迎的原因，并着重介绍了儿童文学作家曹文轩及他的获奖作品青铜葵花。1have reached考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“In recent years”，可知句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是“many origina
29、l Chinese childrens novels and picture books”，所以谓语动词应用复数形式，故答案为have reached。2accounting考查非谓语动词。句意：儿童书籍的销量达到730万册，占所有图书出口的50.33%。此处是现在分词作伴随状语，故答案为accounting。3greatly考查副词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了销量的增长。此处contribute是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为greatly。4growth考查名词。句意参见上题。定冠词the用在名词前面，故答案为growth。5writers考查名词复数。句意：通过对人文和环境的独特解读，作
30、家们与中西方读者有着同样的感受。结合句意并根据谓语动词“share”可知此处用名词复数，故答案为writers。6who考查定语从句。句意：曹文轩，青铜葵花的作者，甚至赢得了安徒生奖。此处Cao Wenxuan是先行词，指人，后面的定语从句缺少主语和引导词，故答案为who。7and考查并列连词。句意：这本书的英文版于2015年由一家英国公司出版，并于2017年再次出版。此处表示递进的并列关系，故答案为and。8most beautiful考查形容词最高级。句意：它被收录在“世界之声世界上最美丽的小说系列”中。由句意可知此处用形容词的最高级，故答案为most beautiful。9between
31、考查介词。句意：这本书讲述了一个城市女孩向日葵和乡村男孩青铜的故事。between . and .“两者之间”，故答案为between。10the考查固定搭配。句意：作者展示了面对苦难时人物的极端斗争，并用活力和热情描述了人性的真实、善良和美丽。in the face of “面对着”，固定搭配。tips 语法填空之提示词为动词 (2)第一步：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语动词时，应考虑该空考查非谓语动词。第二步：根据非谓语动词在句中所作成分、句式的特殊要求，确定用非谓语动词的哪种形式。第三步：确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系。例如文中第2题：Childrens books have clocked 7.3 million volumes, 2 (account) for 50.33 percent of all books exported.分析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词have clocked，因此account应用非谓语动词形式，又因为7.3 million volumes与account之间为主谓关系，因此用现在分词形式。