1、Unit 1 Food for thought课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点有关foot的动作描写一、好句欣赏1She paused suddenly and stared at me.她突然停下来盯着我看。2He sprang to his feet and rushed to give me a bear hug.他突然跳起来，冲过来给了我一个熊抱。3My feet slipped as I was about to shoot and I missed the ball.我正要投篮时滑倒了，然后没投中。4A man in black is following behind Bill n
2、ow.一个黑衣男子正在尾随比尔。5They dragged him out of the room with his feet kicking in the air.他们把他从房间里面拖出来，他的脚还一直在空中乱踢。6He marched into the kitchen without knocking.他没有敲门就大步走进厨房。7She jumped to her feet when she heard this amazing news.当她听到这个惊人的消息时，她突然跳起来。8When the mother is chatting happily with her customer,
3、her daughter is stamping / tapping her feet impatiently to imply its time to go.当母亲高兴地和顾客聊天时，女儿不耐烦地跺脚，暗示该走了。二、小试牛刀根据汉语提示完成下列句子1In no time Mike jumped_into_the_car麦克飞快地跳进车里。2She dragged_her_feet as she reluctantly followed_her_parents她缓慢地移动着她的脚步，不情愿地跟着她的父母。3Then her eyes widened in surprise as she sa
4、w Helen rise_to_her_feet当她看到海伦站起来时，她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。4Steve keeps jogging_around_the_garden on a regular basis.史蒂夫经常在花园里慢跑。5Disappointed and frustrated, the poor man made_his_way_back_to_his_family感到失望和沮丧，这个可怜的人回到了他的家。6She managed to_climb_onto_it and waited patiently.她尽力爬上去并且耐心地等待着。.阅读理解A语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会社会服
5、务食物银行Nourish NowEvery year around the world，humans waste an estimated 1.3 billion tons of fooDThis happens even though many people go hungry.So some people have made it their lifes work claiming food before it goes to waste and then giving it to people who are hungry.One of those people is Brett Mye
6、rs.In 2011，Myers started Nourish Now，a food recovery and food bank in the US.state of MarylanDThis nonprofit organization collects food and then gives it to the poor and organizations that support them“Nourish Now is a food recoverybased food bank that recovers food from restaurants，catering compani
7、es，grocery stores，hotels，farms and more.And then donates that food directly to families in need，kids in need at local schools.”Each month，it recovers more than 20，000 kilograms of food and serves 700 needy families，schools and social organizations.Every day，staff and volunteers repackage the donatio
8、ns and distribute them to recipients (接受者).A woman named Rhoda is one of the recipients.She describes the quality of the food delivered to her family by Nourish Now.“It consists of fresh food，fruits and vegetables.You will get breaDSometimes you get dairy products such as yogurt or milk.And you will
9、 get some meat items also.And if you get lucky you might get cooked food，or prepared salads，and stuff like that.”The supplies can feed a family for five days.Each recipient is able to receive food every 30 days.And the packages are made to fit the dietary needs of each family.Besides families，the or
10、ganization also donates small meals called snacks to several nearby schools and social organizations.Nourish Now has grown considerably since it openeDBrenda is one of them.Part of her job as a volunteer is to make sure that none of the food goes to waste.“In the morning，I make sure that all the thi
11、ngs that came late yesterday get put away so that we use that last，and we used the things that came the day before first，so that were always giving fresh food and were not throwing out anything.”文章大意：针对每年大量食物被浪费的现状，Brett Myers在美国马里兰州成立了一个名为Nourish Now的非营利食物银行组织，该组织收集剩余的食物捐赠给贫困人群和供养贫困人群的组织。1What do w
12、e know about Nourish Now?AIt donates money to the poor.BIt benefits from collecting fooDCIt gets food from many places.DIt distributes food only to the poor.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“Nourish Now is a food recoverybased food bank that recovers food from restaurants，catering companies，grocery stores，hotels，
13、farms and more.”可知，Nourish Now是一个以食物回收为基础的食物银行，从餐馆、餐饮公司、杂货店、酒店、农场等回收食物。故C项正确。2What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ANourish Now. BFood banks.CThe poor. DOrganizations.解析：C考查代词指代。根据第二段尾句“This nonprofit organization collects food and then gives it to the poor and organizations
14、that support them.”可知，该非营利组织收集食物，然后把食物送给穷人和供养他们的组织。据此可推知，画线词them指代该句中的the poor，故C项正确。3What does the author want to clarify with the example Rhoda in Paragraph 5?AShe can get food donations every five days.BShe isnt satisfied with the food supplieDCEating better can keep people healthier.DThe recover
15、ed food is fresh and rich.解析：D考查推理判断。根据第五段Rhoda所说的话可知，她得到的食物有新鲜的水果和蔬菜，还会得到面包、乳制品，以及肉类等；据此可推知，作者以Rhoda为例是为了说明收集的食物新鲜且种类丰富，故D项正确。4What is the best title for the text?AA Group Uses Leftover Food to Feed the HungryBThe Poor Are Suffering from StarvationCNourish Now Calls on People to Save FoodDPeople Sh
16、ould Take Care of the Weak解析：A考查标题判断。根据第二段并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了非营利组织Nourish Now从各个地方收集剩余的食物以捐赠给需要帮助的人，故A项最适合作本文标题。B语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会健康有关肥胖症原因的分析Researchers are generally divided not only on what causes obesity，but also on why we feel hungry and often fail to stay on a diet.The conventional thinking，held
17、 by the majority of researchers and clinicians Ive interviewed over the years，is that obesity is caused by extra calories.They refer to it as an “energy balance”disorder，and so the treatment is to consume less energy (fewer calories) and expend more.When we fail to maintain this goal，the implication
18、 is that we simply lack willpower or selfdiscipline.The minoritys position in this fieldone that Dr.Ludwig holds，as do I after years of reportingis that obesity is actually a hormonal regulatory disorder，and the hormone (激素) that dominates this process is insulin (胰岛素).It directly links what we eat
19、to the accumulation of extra fat and that，in turn，is tied to the foods we long for and the hunger we experience.Its been known since the 1960s that insulin signals fat cells to accumulate fat，while telling the other cells in our body to burn carbohydrates (碳水化合物) for fuel.If you promote insulin leve
20、ls even a little，says Dr.Robert Lustig，a pediatric endocrinologist at the University of California，San Francisco，the body will switch over from burning fat for fuel to burning carbohydrates，by necessity.“The more insulin you release，the more you need carbs，” he saiD“Once youre exposed to a little ca
21、rbohydrate，you get an insulin rise from it.And you compensate by particularly getting hungry for more carbohydrate.A high insulin level drives a thirst for carbs.”The result is that even a bite or a taste of carbohydraterich foods can stimulate insulin and create a hungera thirstfor even more carboh
22、ydrates.“Theres no question in my mind，”says Dr.Lustig，“that once people who are carboholics get their insulin levels down，they become less fond of carbs.And if they fall off the wagon and start eating carbs，they go right back to where they were before.Ive seen that in numerous patients.”文章大意：本文是一篇说
23、明文。主要从大多数人的观点和少数人的观点两个方面对导致肥胖症的原因以及人们感到饥饿和经常没有坚持节食的原因进行了介绍和分析。5What kind of problem causes peoples energy unbalance according to traditional thinking?AThe psychological problem.BThe biological problem.CThe social problem.DThe medical problem.解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段的内容，尤其是最后一句“When we fail to maintain this
24、goal，the implication is that we simply lack willpower or selfdiscipline.”可知，传统的观念认为，当我们不能保持吃得少且消耗得多这个目标时，就意味着我们缺乏意志力或自律能力。由此可知，传统观念将人们的能量不均衡归结于心理方面的因素。故选A。6What does the author think leads to obesity?ASurplus calories.BHigh insulin levels.CLack of exercise.DLow hormone levels.解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句中的“o
25、ne that Dr.Ludwig holds，as do I after years of reportingis that obesity is actually a hormonal regulatory disorder，and the hormone(激素)that dominates this process is insulin(胰岛素)”以及第五段第一句中的“The more insulin you release，the more you need carbs”可知，作者认为肥胖实际上是一种激素调节紊乱，主导这一过程的激素是胰岛素，并且释放的胰岛素越多，人体就越需要碳水化合物
26、，这样就会让肥胖的可能性增加。故选B。7According to Dr.Lustig，taking carbohydraterich food may result in_Afat accumulation Bdesire for more foodCfat consumption Dless insulin releasing解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“The result is that even a bite or a taste of carbohydraterich foods can stimulate insulin and create a hungera thi
27、rstfor even more carbohydrates.”可知，即使食用少量富含碳水化合物的食物也会刺激胰岛素，进而让人渴求甚至更多的含有碳水化合物的食物。由此可推知，答案选B。8What may researchers of both sides think important in fighting obesity?ATraining our willpower.BKeeping energy balance.CStaying on a chosen diet consistently.DMaintaining hormonal regulatory order.解析：C考查推理判断
28、。根据第二段第二句中的“the treatment is to consume less energy (fewer calories) and expend more”和第三句话的内容以及最后一段Dr.Lustig所说的“And if they fall off the wagon and start eating carbs，they go right back to where they were before.”可推知，在对抗肥胖症的过程中，两种观念都主张选择一种不会引起肥胖的饮食结构，并坚持下去。故选C。.完形填空When I was eight years old, Mother
29、told me to put my coat on because we were going to go someplace _1_ Usually, that meant we were going to see someone important or _2_ I would at least get a new toy.I asked which one it would be that day, and she told me that I would be getting something _3_ than a toy.She said I would get “access t
30、o a world of toys”But we did not _4_ at any toy store.Nor did we finally see anyone we knew._5_， Mother _6_ her car at Marcy Public Library.Mother led me directly to the reception desk.“Id like to get my daughter a library card，” she told the man _7_ the desk.He asked her to fill out a form and smil
31、ed at me.“What kind of books do you like？” he askeDI was too shy to _8_ then.I simply smiled back and shrugged my shoulders.“Well, youll figure it out _9_，” He saiDI do not remember what I _10_ that first day, but I know that in the years that _11_ I read everything I could find _12_ at that old lib
32、rary.I read through all the Nancy Drew books before advancing to Judy Blume, then the _13_： Charles Dickens, Mark Twain, Shakespeare.Then I read books on history, books of poetry, and books about art.The library opened up a world that I _14_ knew existeDSo Mother was _15_Getting a library card was l
33、ike getting access to a world of toys.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的母亲有一天带作者去了图书馆，从此作者就爱上了阅读，在知识的海洋里遨游，明白了书和知识的重要性。1Aspecial BstrangeCscary Dsocial解析：A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我八岁时的一天，母亲让我穿上外套，因为我们要去某个特别的地方。Aspecial特别的；Bstrange奇怪的；Cscary可怕的；Dsocial社会的。从下一句作者对于母亲意图的猜测来看，所指的都是比较正向、良好的含义，选项中只有A项“特别的”适合表达这层含义。故选A项。2Athat Bw
34、hichCwhen Dwhere解析：A考查连接词词义辨析。句意：通常那意味着我们要去看什么重要的人或者至少我会得到一个新玩具。Athat引导名词性从句，只起连接作用，无实义；Bwhich哪个；Cwhen何时；Dwhere何地。分析句子结构可知，连词or连接meant的两个宾语从句，空白后的句子成分齐全，应使用只起连接作用、无实义的that引导。故选A项。3Aless BsmallerCbetter Dfewer解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而母亲说我会得到比一个玩具更好的东西。Aless更少的；Bsmaller更小的；Cbetter更好的；Dfewer更少的。从后句母亲的进一步解释来看，
35、“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”，通往玩具世界的途径显然比一个玩具要好得多。故选C项。4Abring up Bend upCtake up Dpass by解析：B考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是我们并没有停留在任何一家玩具店。Abring up提出，养育；Bend up结束；Ctake up占据；Dpass by路过。从下文的情节来看，这里要用end up表示行程并未在某个玩具店结束，即母亲带作者去的目的地并非玩具店。故选B项。5AStill BHoweverCSo DInstead解析：D考查副词词义辨析。句意：取而代之的是，母亲开着她的车来到了Marcy公共图书馆。AStill仍然；BHowever
36、然而；CSo所以；DInstead而不是，取而代之。与前面的两个否定句呼应，这里要用instead表示“反而，取而代之的是”。故选D项。6Apushed BpulledCrolled Dpicked解析：B考查动词词义辨析。句意：取而代之的是，母亲开着她的车来到了Marcy公共图书馆。Apushed推动；Bpulled拉，拖；Crolled滚动；Dpicked挑选。分析句意可知，这里就表示母亲开车来到图书馆，pull配合车辆可表示“停车，驻车”。故选B项。7Aon BaboveCthrough Dbehind解析：D考查介词词义辨析。句意：她跟桌子后面的人这样说道。Aon在上面；Babove在
37、之上；Cthrough穿过；Dbehind在后面。联系生活实际，母亲来到接待处，接待人员应该是在桌子的后面。故选D项。8Areply BrecoverCreturn Drequest解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我很害羞，不敢回答。Areply回应；Brecover恢复；Creturn返回，归还；Drequest要求。前句图书馆接待员向作者询问喜欢的书籍类型，这里指作者害羞不敢回答。故选A项。9Ain order Bin realityCin turn Din time解析：D考查介词短语辨析。句意：好吧，你早晚会搞清楚的。Ain order整齐，按顺序；Bin reality事实上；C
38、in turn转而，轮流；Din time及时，适时地。分析句意可知，这里要用in time，表示接待员劝慰作者“适当的时候总会知道的”。故选D项。10Achecked in Bchecked atCchecked out Dchecked over解析：B考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不记得那天选定的书是什么了。Achecked in检查，核对；Bchecked at在检查、确定；Cchecked out结账离开；Dchecked over检查。这里指的是作者不记得在那一天选定的书是什么了，what I checked at作宾语，that first day是时间状语。故选B项。11Afoll
39、owed BfollowingCpassing Dpassed解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我知道接下来的许多年里，我在那所旧图书馆里把感兴趣的所有书都读了一遍。Afollowed跟随；Bfollowing跟随；Cpassing通过；Dpassed通过。the years that followed意为“接下来的那些年”，表明作者从此喜欢上了阅读，符合文意。故选A项。12Ain place Bof interestCby accident Don purpose解析：B考查介词短语辨析。句意：但是我知道接下来的许多年里，我在那所旧图书馆里把感兴趣的所有书都读了一遍。Ain place适当
40、的；Bof interest有兴趣，利益性；Cby accident偶然；Don purpose故意。根据常理推断，作者的读书行为也应该是兴趣使然。故选B项。13Aromantics BclassicsCeconomics Dpolitics解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后是古典文学：查尔斯狄更斯、马克吐温和莎士比亚。Aromantics浪漫；Bclassics古典，经典；Ceconomics经济学；Dpolitics政治学。从冒号后列举出的三位作家可以推断，这里指的是文学经典。故选B项。14Aever BalwaysCyet Dnever解析：D考查副词词义辨析。句意：图书馆向我展现了一
41、个我从未知晓其存在的世界。Aever曾经；Balways总是；Cyet至今；Dnever从不。与前文指出的作者第一次来图书馆对应，这里表示作者从此进入了书本的海洋、知识的世界，这些都是以前从未接触过的。故选D项。15Atrue BrealCright Dsincere解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以母亲说的没错。Atrue真实的；Breal真的；Cright正确的；Dsincere真诚的。与前文“She said I would get access to a world of toys”呼应，作者明白了母亲的话，也通过亲身体会对此表示了肯定。故选C项。.语法填空语篇类型说明文主题语境人
42、与社会社会与文化煎饼赛跑节的由来(2021山东济南教学质量检测)Each year, the women of Olney, England, and Liberal, Kansas, compete in 1._ unusual footrace.Dressed in 2._ (apron) and headscarves, they wait at both towns starting lines.Each woman holds a frying pan 3._ one pancake inside.At the signal, the women flip their pancake
43、s and they are off.This “pancake racing” tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney, 4._ is the day before the Christian season of Lent(大斋期) begins.During Lent, many people decide to give up sugary or fatty foods.Legend says that in 1445, an Olney woman 5._ (make) pancakes t
44、o use up some of her sugar and cooking fats before Lent.She lost track of time and 6._ (sudden) heard the church bells ring, signaling the 7._ (begin) of the Shrove Tuesday service.8._ (realize) that she was going to be late for church, she 9._ (race) out, still wearing her apron and headscarf and h
45、olding her frying pan with a pancake in it.In the following years, the womans neighbors imitated her dash to church, 10._ pancake racing was born.Olney women continue this Shrove Tuesday tradition more than five hundred years later.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了煎饼赛跑节的由来。1解析：an考查冠词。句意：每年，英国奥尔尼和堪萨斯州自由镇的妇女都要参加一
46、场不同寻常的赛跑比赛。footrace为单数可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，形容词unusual以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。2解析：aprons考查名词。句意：他们系着围裙，戴着头巾，在两个城镇的起跑线上等着。apron意为“围裙”，是可数名词，设空处和headscarves并列，应该用复数形式，故填aprons。3解析：with考查介词。句意：每个女人都拿着一个煎锅，里面有一个煎饼。根据语境可知，每个妇女拿着一个煎锅，里面放着一个煎饼，with宾语宾语补足语为固定结构。故填with。4解析：which考查定语从句。句意：据说，这种“煎饼赛跑”的传统始于1445年奥尔
47、尼的忏悔日，也就是基督教大斋节开始的前一天。分析句子结构，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Shrove Tuesday，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。5解析：was making考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：传说在1445年，一位奥尔尼妇女在大斋节前做煎饼以用完她的一些糖和食用油。根据下文，当时她正在做煎饼，为了在大斋节前用光所有的糖和脂肪，所以用过去进行时。其基本构成形式是was/weredoing，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was making。6解析：suddenly考查副词。句意：她忘记了时间，突然听到教堂的钟声响起，标志着
48、星期二忏悔仪式的开始。分析句子结构，设空处修饰动词heard，需用副词形式。故填suddenly。7解析：beginning考查动名词。句意：她忘记了时间，突然听到教堂的钟声响起，标志着星期二忏悔仪式的开始。定冠词the修饰名词，设空处需填begin的动名词形式。故填beginning。8解析：Realizing考查非谓语动词。句意：意识到去教堂要迟到了，她跑了出去，还穿着围裙，戴着头巾，手里拿着平底锅，里面有一个煎饼。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词作原因状语，she和realize之间为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Realizing。9解析：raced考查动词时态。句意：意识到去教堂要迟到了，她跑了出去，还穿着围裙，戴着头巾，手里拿着平底锅，里面有一个煎饼。分析句子结构，设空处缺少谓语动词，此处陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填raced。10解析：and/so考查并列连词。句意：在接下来的几年里，她的邻居们模仿她跑去教堂，于是“煎饼赛跑”诞生了。分析句子结构可知，空格前是逗号，空格后引导并列句，两句之间是顺承或者因果关系，故填and/so。