1、2013届高考英语一轮复习课件新人教版广东专用第11讲状语从句1什么是状语从句？翻译下列句子，指出句子中的状语从句1.Great changes have taken place in China in the lastfew decades.答案最近几十年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。句中无状语从句。1什么是状语从句？2.Whoever breaks the law shall be punished.3.Being ill,she had to remain at home.4.There is life where there is water.答案2.任何违背了法律的人必定受到惩罚。句中
2、无状语从句。3.因为生病，她只好留在家里。句中无状语从句。4.有水的地方就有生命。句中where there is water为地点状语从句。1状语从句有两个特征：必须在句中作状语；必须是句子作状语。因此，在句中作状语，修饰句子或动词等的从句叫状语从句。翻译下列句子，指出画线部分状语从句的类别1.Every time I see action movies acted by Jackie Chan,I would get excited.2状语从句有哪些类别？每当我看成龙演的动作片时，我会很兴奋。划线部分作时间状语。2状语从句有哪些类别？2.You should have put away t
3、he book where youlook it.3.The higher income tax is harmful in that it maydiscourage people from trying to earn more.你应该把书放回原处。划线部分作地点状语。所得税高是有害的，它让人不想去赚更多的钱。划线部分作原因状语。2状语从句有哪些类别？4.The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with theletters so that he could sign them.5.He got up so early that he caught
4、 the first bus.老板要秘书赶快送交那些信件以便他能签发。划线部分作目的状语。他起得很早因此他赶上了第一班车。划线部分作结果状语。2状语从句有哪些类别？6.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep ontrying.7.Much as I respect him,I cant agree to his proposal.只要你不断尝试，你当然会成功。划线部分作条件状语。虽然我非常尊敬他，但我不同意他的建议。划线部分作让步状语。2状语从句有哪些类别？8.Food is to man what oil is to industry.9
5、.The employee behaved as if he were the boss.食物之于人正如石油之于工业。划线部分作比较状语。这个员工表现得像老板似的。划线部分作方式状语。2状语从句一般分为九大类别：时间状语从句；地点状语从句；原因状语从句；目的状语从句；结果状语从句；条件状语从句；让步状语从句；比较状语从句和方式状语从句。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？翻译下列句子，指出句中的从属连词类别1.The teacher is more strict with us than he used to be.2.Do as youre told to.答案1老师比以前更加严格要求我们。从属连词t
6、han表比较。2按照吩咐的去做。从属连词as表方式。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？3.Whoever does the job,well pay him or her by thejob.4.The system wont work unless all of us strictly stickto it.答案3无论谁干这项工作，我们都发计件工资。从属连词whoever表让步。4除非我们都严格遵守这项制度，它才会生效。从属连词unless表条件。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？5.The first time I came to the city,I became interestedin its sn
7、acks.6.The school is situated where there used to be afactory.答案5第一次来这个城市，我就对它的小吃感兴趣。从属连词the first time表时间。6学校坐落在原来是座工厂的地方。从属连词where表地点。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？7.Since there is no time left,lets go on with the topicnext time.8.Always be in high spirits so that you can face all thedifficulties positively.答案7既然没
8、时间了，我们下次再继续谈这个话题。从属连词since表原因。8总是情绪高昂以便你能积极面对各种困难。从属连词so that表目的。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？9.He takes regular mild exercise so that he is quitehealthy.答案他经常做温和型运动，所以很健康。从属连词sothat表结果。3引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为：时间状语从句：when,as,while,as soon as,before,after,since,till,until,the minute,the moment,the second,every time，each t
9、ime,the first time，theinstant,immediately,directly，instantly,no sooner than，hardly when，scarcely when3引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为：地点状语从句：where,wherever原因状语从句：because,since,as,now that,seeing that,in that目的状语从句：so that,in order that,lest,in case,for fear that,in the hope that,for the purpose that,tothe end that
10、3引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为：结果状语从句：so that，so that，such that，to the degree that,to the extent that条件状语从句：if,unless,as/so long as,only if,providing/provided that,supposing that,in case that,oncondition that3引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为：让步状语从句：though,although,even if,eventhough,as(须倒装)，while(放句首)，no matter，whatever,whoever
11、,wherever,whenever,however,whichever，whetheror比较状语从句：(as)as,not as/soas，than，the more the more，A is to B what/as X is to Y；方式状语从句：as,as if,as though翻译下列句子，找出其从属连词1.On condition that you return the book on time,you can keep it for 2 weeks.4引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？假如你按时归还这本书，你可以借两个星期。句中从属连词：on condition th
12、at。4引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？2.The second I heard the cry for help,I rushed out ofroom to see what was happening.3.Considering nobody is absent,we are more likely towin the game.我一听到呼救声，我就冲出房间看个究竟。句中从属连词：the second。鉴于无人缺席，我们赢得比赛的把握更大。句中从属连词：considering that。4引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？4.Its a long time since we l
13、ast saw each other.5.Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.我们好久不见了。句中从属连词：since。带把雨伞去吧，以防下雨。句中从属连词：incase。6.Provided everything goes well,the project willhopefully come to an end this June.假如一切顺利，这个工程可望今年6月竣工。句中从属连词：provided。4引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？4状语从句中从属连词在形式上具有如下特点：在数量上，可能是一个单词，也可能是短语。从属连词本身可以是
14、连词，也可由其他词类转化而来。因而，从属连词在原始词性上，可能是连词，如since；4可能是名词，如the minute,the moment,the second,every time，each time,the first time，the instant；可能是副词，如immediately，directly，instantly；可能是现在分词，如supposing(that),providing(that)；可能是过去分词，如given that；还可能是介词短语，如in case(that)。根据提示，完成下列句子，注意状语从句与主句的时态关系1.When I arrived at
15、the airport,the plane _(起飞了)解析主句“起飞”动作发生在从句动作“到达”之前。5状语从句的时态与主句有什么联系？offhad taken2.What are you going to be _(当你长大时)?解析从句动作“长大”与主句状态动词“干什么”同时发生，均用将来时态。但此处从句动词时态为一般式表将来。when you grow up5状语从句的时态与主句有什么联系？3.She burst into tears as soon as she_(被告知)of her failure in the interview.解析在as soon as 引导的“一就”句型中
16、，从句动作与主句动作衔接紧凑，可理解为(几乎)同时发生。was informed5状语从句的时态与主句有什么联系？4.Because I _(进行)a conversation with myparents,we reached better understanding of each other.解 析 从句谓语动词动作have先于主句谓语动词动作reach发生。had had5状语从句的时态与主句有什么联系？5从句与主句的时态关系是通过从句与主句的谓语动词动作(或状态)发生的时间关系来确定的：从句谓语动词动作(或状态)先于主句谓语动词动作(或状态)发生；从句谓语动词动作(或状态)与主句谓语
17、动词动作(或状态)同时发生；从句谓语动词动作(或状态)后于主句谓语动词动作(或状态)发生。因此，从句和主句各自的时态应该彼此参照使用，注意彼此时态在逻辑意义上的一致性。5但要注意在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，一般式表将来。如：When you come(不用willcome)here tomorrow,I will be on the way to Shanghai；If I succeed(不用will succeed)in passing the examnext month,Ill be no longer stressed.6 时间状语从句的从属连词when,while，as用法上有
18、何区别？根据句子意思选择最佳词语(when,while,as)填空(每空一词)1._she came in,I was watching TV.2.Would you please look after my pet dog _I wasaway on business?3.The head teacher laughed _he spoke.Obviously,he was satisfied with our performance.whileasWhen 6表示“当时候”时，when可接短暂性或延续性动词，既可表点时间，也可表段时间；while只能接延续性动作，表段时间；as强调两个动作
19、同时发生，常译为“一边一边”。7 原因状语从句的从属连词as,since,because用法上有何区别？根据句子意思选词(as,since,because)填空(每空一词)1.It is _ he is ill that he isnt here celebratingyour birthday.2._ you have known the truth from head to toe,Iwont give any explanation.3._ the weather is not so helpful,we had betterprepare two plans in advance.As
20、Sincebecause7表达原因时，使用as,since，because等从属连词，它们的区别主要是语气上的区别，但在实际运用中，语气是很难把握的东西，因此掌握相关句式和含义是关键。because语气最强，表示与结果直接相关的原因，可译为“(正/就是)因为”，所以常用于强调句型或回答why引导的问题。7since表示顺承关系，表达说话者认为合乎情理的逻辑推断，可译为“既然(就)”，此时用法上相当于now that。as语气比较弱，常译为“由于”，不强调原因时，有时可与because通用。7注意：for也可以表示原因，但它是并列连词，用法上注意两点：不放句首(语气弱)；引出补充说明的原因，不必
21、直接翻译成“因为”。如：Come upto me,for I have something important to tell you.(过来，我有要事对你讲。)根据句子意思选词(though,although,as,while)填空1._ the Internet has so many conveniences,italso has a lot of inconveniences.2._ the actress is beautiful,I dont like her.3.Child _ he is,he is the first Chinese to travelacross Europ
22、e alone by bike.8 让步状语从句的从属连词though,although,as,while用法上有何区别？答案1.While/Though/Although 2.Though/Although 3.as/though8 让步状语从句的从属连词though,although,as,while用法上有何区别？根据句子意思选词(though,although,as,while)填空8表 达 让 步 含 义 时，常 用 从 属 连 词 though,although,as,while引导让步状语从句。while强调对比，只能放句首，以引出相对或相反的情况，译为“在同时，却(有相反的情况
23、)”，此时可以用though或although替换。though与although大部分情况下可以互相替换，既可放句首，也可放句末。as引导让步状语从句必须倒装，此时可以用though替换，但不可用although替换。9 时间状语从句的从属连词till,until 用法上有何区别？根据句子意思填空(till,until)选词1.Yesterday,I waited for you at the bus station_ 4 oclock in the afternoon.2._ you told me,I had heard nothing of whathappened.Until unt
24、il/till3.Not _ the war ended did he return home.4.It was not_ the result of the exam wasannounced that he realized he had organized timebadly.until until9 时间状语从句的从属连词till,until 用法上有何区别？根据句子意思填空(till,until)选词9这两个连词意义基本相同。两个连词均可用于肯定形式，表示“做某事直至某时”，此时动词是延续性的。在否定形式表达“直至某时才做某事”时只能用until，此时动词为非延续性。另外注意表示“直
25、到 才”意义的倒装句型和强调句型。10 状语从句中“一般式表将来”的含义是什么？根据汉语提示，完成句子1.当你明天早上8点赶到机场时，我派车来接你。_at 8 oclock tomorrow morning,Ill send acar to pick you up.2.妈妈说假如我在英语演讲比赛拿到一等奖，就送我出国深造。Mum said _ in the English Speaking Contest,Iwould be sent abroad to make further study.答案1.When you arrive at the airport2.if I took the first place10 状语从句中“一般式表将来”的含义是什么？根据汉语提示，完成句子3.假如你明天完成了所有任务，你可以提前回家。_，you can go home ahead of time.答案If you have finished all your tasks tomorrow根据汉语提示，完成句子10 状语从句中“一般式表将来”的含义是什么？在时间状语或条件状语从句中，时态上常用一般式表将来，“一般式表将来”包括三方面含义：一般现在时表一般将来时(见上述句1)；一般过去时表过去将来时(见上述句2)；现在完成时表将来完成时(见上述句3)。10