1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家课时作业(十二)Unit 4Section Using language & Developing ideas阅读理解AFive years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said, “M
2、ake something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes todayand 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans pr
3、ovided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was a
4、n exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect (感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fa
5、il one would declare, “But Im just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when youre asleep？”“Oh, sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “Thats pretty creative. Who does
6、 that for you？”“Nobody. I do it.”“Reallyat night, when youre asleep？”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay？”1The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to _.Aknow more about the studentsBmake the lessons more excitingCraise the students interest in artDteach the students about toy d
7、esign2What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?AHe liked to help his teacher.BHe preferred to study alone.CHe was active in class.DHe was imaginative.3What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AMistake. BDrawback.CDifficulty. DBurden.4Why did the teacher ask
8、 the students to talk about their dreams?ATo help them to see their creativity.BTo find out about their sleeping habits.CTo help them to improve their memory.DTo find out about their ways of thinking.BBad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are t
9、he classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored (监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking peoples emails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther th
10、an disasters and sob stories.“The if it bleeds rule works for mass media，” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and dont care how youre feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You dont want them to
11、 think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing wordofmouth communicationemails, Web posts and reviews, facetoface conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative (消极的), but that didnt necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often si
12、mply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most emailed” list for six months. One o
13、f his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than nonscience articles. He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, o
14、r that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused (激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, Co
15、ntagious: Why Things Catch On.5What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?ANews reports.BResearch papers.CPrivate emails.DDaily conversations.6What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?ATheyre socially inactive.BTheyre good at telling stories.CTheyre inconsiderate of others.DTh
16、eyre careful with their words.7Which tended to be the most emailed according to Dr. Bergers research?ASports news. BScience articles.CPersonal accounts. DFinancial reviews.8What can be a suitable title for the text?ASad Stories Travel Far and WideBOnline News Attracts More PeopleCReading Habits Chan
17、ge with the TimesDGood News Beats Bad on Social NetworksCThe meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some
18、 cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communica
19、ting among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is
20、a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic
21、 under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in auth
22、ority.Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too earl
23、y or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.9What does the author say about silence in conversations?AIt implies anger.BIt promotes friendship.CIt is
24、 culturespecific.DIt is contentbased.10Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?AThe Chinese. BThe French.CThe Mexicans. DThe Russians.11What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?ALet it continue as the patient pleases.BBreak it while treating pat
25、ients.CEvaluate its harm to patients.DMake use of its healing effects.12What may be the best title for the text?ASound and SilenceBWhat It Means to Be SilentCSilence to Native AmericansDSpeech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold课时作业(十二)阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我”是如何帮助学生发现他们的想象力和创造力的。1答案与解析：A细节理解题。从第一段第一句可知“
26、开学初，我使用组装玩具作为考试方式是为了了解学生”。故选A。2答案与解析：D推理判断题。从第三段最后两句可知，“我”认为这个男孩极具创新精神，并且可以鼓励和影响其他学生。故选D。3答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据上文并结合第四段第二句“I ran the risk.of thinking”可知，“我”想利用这位想象力丰富的学生来影响和鼓励其他学生，但这样做可能不利于那些思维方式不同的学生。由此可知，画线词“downside”应指不好的一面，意为“缺点，劣势”，B项意思与之最接近。A项意为“错误”；C项意为“困难”；D项意为“负担”，均与语境不符。故选B。4答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第四段及下
27、文可知，学生的思维方式不同，“我”在鼓励善于组装玩具的同学的同时，可能会令其他同学感到沮丧，使其认为自己不具有想象力。由此可知，“我”想通过探讨做梦内容的方式来让学生们意识到他们也有创造力。故选A。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了在社交媒体和网络中，积极信息要比消极信息传播得更快、更远。人们不想被朋友认为自己不顾及他人的感受，于是会传播带有积极意义的、科学的信息。5答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知“那些是适用于晚间广播和晨报的经典规则”。故选A。6答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，大众传媒只想博取人们的眼球，而不关注人们的感受。但个人在与朋友分享故事时，
28、更多的是关心他们的反应，这样做是不想被朋友认为自己是个不关心他人感受的人；由此可推知，Debbie Downer指的应是那些不顾及他人感受的人。故选C。7答案与解析：B细节理解题。从第三段第五句“他的早期发现之一是科学领域的文章比非科学领域的更有可能登上排行榜”，以及第三段中“the most email list”可知，科学类文章是电子邮件中传播最为广泛的。8答案与解析：D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了在社交媒体和网络中，积极信息要比消极信息传播得更快、更远。人们不想被朋友认为自己不顾及他人感受，于是会传播带有积极意义的、科学的信息；由此可知，D项“在社交网络中，积极信息战胜了消极
29、信息”能够概括文章大意，适合作标题。故选D。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在不同的文化中，沉默的含义是不同的。文章主要介绍了几种文化中沉默的具体含义。9答案与解析：C细节理解题。第一段第一句为“沉默在不同文化中的含义是不同的”，该题问的是关于谈话中的沉默作者是怎么说的，从上述句义可知，沉默的含义因文化的不同而不同，即有文化差异性。故选C。10答案与解析：A由第二段第一句的内容可知，中国人可能会把沉默看作是认真思考的一种需要。故选A。11答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“A nurse.from other cultures”并结合前几句的内容可知，作者建议护士要利用好沉默的治愈作用。12答案与解析：B主旨大意题。浏览全文内容可知，文章谈论的中心话题是沉默的含义，因此B项最能概括文章的主旨，适合作标题。故选B。- 6 - 版权所有高考资源网