1、1v 使兴奋2n.趋势；倾向3vt.达到；获得4vt.确保，保证5n.目标6vt.扩大7vt.保证thrill trendattainensuretarget enlarge guarantee8vt.告知；通知9vt.像；与相似10vt.购买11n流利度，流畅度adj.流利的，流畅的adv.流利地12n精确度，准确度adj.精确的，准确的adv.精确地13n不在场，缺乏adj.缺席的，不在场的14n(语言)习得 v获取，得到informresemblepurchasefluency fluentfluentlyaccuracyaccurateaccurately absenceabsenta
2、cquisitionacquire15vt.环绕，围绕adj.周围的n环境16vt.调节；调整n调节；调整17vt.祝贺n祝贺，贺喜18vt.谈判；协商n谈判；协商19n冒犯，得罪 v冒犯20n赞成；赞许vt.赞成surroundsurrounding surroundingsadjust adjustment congratulatecongratulationnegotiatenegotiationoffenceoffend approvalapprove21n申请人v申请n申请22vt.使窘迫adj.令人难堪的，令人窘迫的adj.感到窘迫的 n窘迫，难堪applicantapplyapp
3、licationembarrass embarrassingembarrassedembarrassment 1合作2出色；突出3取得成功；获得进步4依靠；依赖5采取形式6调整以适应7通知某人某事team up stand outget ahead rely on take the form of adjust.to.inform sb.of sth.8很值得(做)某事9学会10很久，很长时间11就某事向某人祝贺12故意地13不管；不顾14另一方面15我肯定be well worth(doing)sth.catch on for agescongratulate sb.on sth.on pu
4、rposeregardless of on he other handI bet 1It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.早在18世纪人们就预测，有一天英语将成为全球性语言，并且在过去的几十年中它已得到了证明。解读：It was predicted that.据预测仿写：据预测，全球的气温会逐渐上升。_ it will be warmer
5、gradually in the world.答案：It is predicted that2Quality input ensures quality output,whether it is speaking or writing.不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。解读：whether.or引导的让步状语从句，意为“不管”仿写：无论明天下不下雨，我们都会去参观鸟巢。We are going to visit Bird Nest,_ tomorrow.答案：whether it rains or not3Thirdly,you say that there is a discou
6、nt provided that I pay in advance.第三，你们说我只要预付就有折扣。解读：provided that引导一个条件状语从句，意为“如果，倘若”仿写：倘若你有空，能来飞机场接我吗？_ you are free,can you come to the airport to pick me up?答案：Provided that4Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss.人高兴时跳起来很容易看到，而眉毛挑起表示怀疑却不易
7、被人看到。解读：while表示对比，意为“而，却”仿写：我哥哥喜欢数学，而我擅长英语。My brother is fond of math _ I am good at English.答案：while1absence n不存在；缺乏；缺席(1)absence from.缺席；离开absence of mind 心不在焉during/in ones absence during/in the absence of sb.在某人不在的时候(2)absent adj.缺席的；茫然的absentminded adj.心不在焉的be absent from 缺席；不存在；缺少教材P6原句 Howeve
8、r,learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.不管怎样，在缺乏本族语的环境下，把英语当作外语来学是很难的。Your absence from school has been noted.有人已经注意到你缺课了。He failed in the exam because of his .他因心不在焉而考试不及格。Whatthe discussion was any kind of direction or purpose.这场讨论
9、没有任何方向或目的。absence of mindwas absent from2surround vt.围绕；环绕；包围(1)surround sb./sth.with sb./sth.使某人(某物)包围某人(某物)be surrounded by/with sb./sth.被某人(物)所包围(2)surrounding adj.周围的，附近的surroundings n.周围的事物；环境；气氛教材P6原句 Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluenc
10、y and accuracy in a foreign language,you need to be surrounded by it.一些备受推崇的关于语言习得的理论相信，要达到一种外语高水平的流利程度和准确性，你需要置身于这种语言环境之中。He loves tofamily and friends.他喜欢与家人和朋友在一起。surround himself 1withAfter the explosion,the army sealed off the surrounding area.爆炸发生后，军队封锁了周围地区。Animals in zoos are not in their .动
11、物园中的动物没有在它们的自然环境中。natural surroundings3ensure vt.确保，保证ensurethat从句 确保ensure sb.sth.保证某人某事ensure sb.against sth.确保某人防止某事To ensure the security of the Castle.(摘自2010天津高考阅读理解A)确保城堡的安全。His wifehe took all his pills every day.他妻子确保他每天都服下所有该服的药片。This pill will ensure you a good nights sleep.这颗药一定会使你晚上睡个好觉
12、。Lock the door tointerruption.把门锁上免受打搅。ensured that ensure us against4guarantee vt.保证；担保 n保证；保证书；抵押品(1)guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事guarantee to do sth.保证做 guaranteethat从句 保证be guaranteed to do sth.必定做某事(2)under guarantee 在保修期内give sb.a guarantee(that)向某人保证教材P6原句 Knowing the main stories before reading wi
13、ll guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English.读前能了解主要新闻内容会确保用英语阅读时更透彻地理解所读新闻。Weyour goods within a week.我们保证一周内交货。guarantee to deliverAnd the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.(摘自2011山东高考阅读理解D)另一个目标是确保病人们可以长时间地使用该技术。Your watch will be repai
14、red free if its still .你的手表在保修期内可享受免费修理。under guarantee5adjust vt.调节；调整 vi.适应(1)adjust to 适应于adjust(sth./oneself)to(doing)sth.使(某物/某人自己)适应(做)某事(2)adjustment n.调整，调节，适应make an adjustment 作出调整教材P6原句 Watching a favourite DVD，but adjus-ting the language to English in parts you know well.观看你最喜爱的一张光盘，但要把你
15、熟悉部分的语言调换成英语。She found it hard toworking at night.她发现自己很难适应夜间工作。adjust toIn the new term,most studentsvery quicklytheir new teachers.在新学期，大多数学生很快就适应了他们的新老师。We made a few minor adjustments to the plan.我们对计划做了些小的调整。adjust themselves to6inform vt.告知；通知(1)inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事inform sb.that.告知某人
16、(2)informed adj.了解情况的；消息灵通的keep sb.informed of sth.使某人知道某事(3)information n.信息(不可数)教材P6原句 Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well.把你的目标告诉你的一位朋友，这样他们也会帮忙鼓励你。I regret to inform you that you havent passed the driving test.我非常遗憾地通知你，你没有通过驾驶考试。The boy said he wouldthe things
17、that happened in the classroom everyday.那个男孩说他会告诉我教室里每天发生的事。keep me informed of7negotiate vt.谈判；协商(1)negotiate with sb.about/for sth.与某人商谈某事negotiate an agreement/contract 商定协议/合同(2)negotiation n 谈判；磋商，洽谈under negotiation 在商谈中教材P10原句 You can negotiate the price by using your fingers.你可以用你的手指来商讨价格 We
18、 shouldthe bossour pay.我们该和老板协商一下报酬问题。The issue is still under negotiation.这个问题还在商讨之中。negotiate withabout8embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难(1)It embarrasses sb.to do sth.做某事使人窘迫(2)embarrassed adj.不好意思的，为难的be embarrassed at/about (对)感到为难/尴尬be embarrassed to do sth.尴尬地做某事，做某事感到害羞embarrassing adj.令人困窘的(3)embarr
19、assment n.困窘，困惑to ones embarrassment 让某人感到不好意思Her questions about my private life embarrassed me.她询问我的私生活使我感到很尴尬。Shesher height.她因自己个子高而困窘。It was so embarrassing to sing in public.非得在众人面前唱歌太令人难为情了。,she realized that everyone was staring at her.当她意识到大家都盯着她看时，她感到很不好意思。embarrassed aboutMuch to her emba
20、rrassment.单词拼写1I _(保证)that youll love the film.答案：guarantee2What impresses me most is that the little girl can speak English accurately and _(流畅地)答案：fluently3Its amazing how closely Brian and Steve _(相像)each other.答案：resemble4He was one of 30 _(申请人)for the managers job.答案：applicants5The house was s_
21、by high walls.答案：surrounded6I dont like making speeches in public;its so e 答案：embarrassing7Please keep me fully i_ of any developments.答案：informed8My parents had trouble a_ to living in an apartment.答案：adjusting.单项填空1Their school is situated in very pleasant _，with green trees and flowers in blossom
22、 all year round.Aenvironment BconditionCsurroundings Dstate解析：surroundings侧重于自然环境，environment表示综合环境。condition“条件，状况”；state“状态”。答案：C2It is rather _ that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.Amisleading BembarrassingCboring Ddemanding解析：句意：我们不知道世界上目前有多少物种，这是令人尴尬的事。mislead
23、ing“使人误解的”；embarrassing“令人尴尬的”；boring“令人厌倦的”；demanding“要求高的”。答案：B3The desks and the chairs can be _ the height of a child.Aadded to Badjusted to Caddicted to Dled to解析：be adjusted to.此处表示“根据调节”。add to“增添”；be ddicted to“对上瘾”；lead to“导致，通向”。答案：B4It is all agreed that a good education doesnt _ a good j
24、ob.Aguarantee BresultCdepend Dswear解析：guarantee a good job“确保有一份好的工作”。result“结果”；depend“依靠，依赖”；swear“发誓，保证”。答案：A5Careful planning and hard work will _ our final success.Aenclose BensureCassure Dsure解析：句意：精心规划和勤奋工作能确保我们最终成功。enclose表示“把围起来”；assure搭配不对；sure为形容词，不作谓语动词，所以只有B项正确。答案：B6The _ of air and wat
25、er makes it impossible to live on the moon.Apresence BminimumCcircumstance Dabsence解析：句意：因为没有空气和水，所以在月球上居住是不可能的。absence“缺乏”，符合句意。Presence“存在”；minimum“最低”；circumstance“情形”。答案：D7All happy families _ one another,each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.Ainform BresembleCoffend Drespond解析：句意：所有幸福的家
26、庭都是一样的，而不幸的家庭则各有不同。inform“通知，通告”；resemble“相似，跟一模一样”；offend“冒犯”；respond“反应，应答”。答案：B8We _ him _ his passing the college entrance exam.Acongratulated;in Bcongratulated;onCcelebrated;in Dcelebrated;on解析：根据his passing the college entrance exam(通过大学入学考试)可知，用congratulate表示“祝贺”之意，其结构为congratulate sb.on sth.
27、，而celebrate意为“庆祝(节日等)”。答案：B9Though they were in the mountain area,they were well _ about the world by watching TV.Atold BsaidCspoken Dinformed解析：句意：虽然他们在山区，但是他们通过看电视熟知外面的世界。be well informed about“熟知，对某事消息灵通”。答案：D10The government has had to _ with the opposition party on the new regulation,which will
28、 come into effect next month.Anegotiate BbargainCconnect Dassociate解析：句意：政府不得不与反对党就新政策进行了谈判，这一政策下个月将会生效。negotiate“谈判”；bargain“讨价还价”；connect“连接，联系”；associate“关联，联系”。答案：A1get ahead取得进步；获得成功；领先教材P6原句 In todays world，being able to speak more than one language,including English,is how you stand out and g
29、et ahead.在当今世界，能够说不止一种语言，包括英语，就意味着你是多么出色和多么成功。at work is the most important thing to me at the moment.对我来讲，此时最重要的是在工作上获得成功。Getting aheadget ahead of 超过；胜过go ahead 前进，干吧，说吧go ahead with 开始look ahead 向前看ahead of 在之前；胜过，超过The council gave us permission toour building plans.委员会准许我们把建筑计划付诸实施。The time in
30、London is five hours ahead of that in New York.伦敦时间要比纽约时间早五个小时。go ahead with2catch on学会；受欢迎；流行起来；(与to连用)理解The new dance quickly caught on among the students.这套新舞蹈很快在学生中流行了起来。Sometimes I dontyour jokes.有时我真的无法理解你的笑话。catch on tocatch hold of 抓住catch up(with)赶上catch sb.doing 撞见某人做某事catch sight of 看见cat
31、ch ones attention 吸引某人的注意I caught Howard reading my private letters.霍华德在阅读我的私人信件时恰好让我撞见了。Sheilaher own face in one of the shop windows.希拉在一扇橱窗里看到了自己的脸。caught sight of3on purpose故意地；有意地表示“故意地”还有下列几种方式：by design,deliberately,intentionally。教材P10原句 People often use body language on purpose.人们经常有意识地使用身体语
32、言。He did it,knowing it would annoy her.他明知会激怒她，却故意这么做。on purposefor/with the purpose of 为了目的to the purpose 中肯的；切题的by accident/chance 偶然，无意I wouldnt go shopping for/with the mere purpose of buying a pair of socks.我不会只为买一双袜子而去购物。The reply was so littlethat it was not worth our consideration.这答复一点也不中肯，
33、所以不值得我们考虑。to the purpose.选词填空(其中有一项是多余的)take the form of，on purpose，get ahead，catch on，sign up，stand out 1Would you mind repeating that?I didnt quite _.答案：catch on2Therefore,students should be advised to _ as soon as possible.答案：sign up3In this model,the return message might _ feedback or a formal r
34、eply.答案：take the form of4I came here for nothing else but to see you _.答案：on purpose5By working hard,he _ of the rest of the class.答案：got ahead.单项填空1It was a long time before the police _ what he was really doing.Acaught hold of Bcaught onCcaught on to Dcaught at解析：catch hold of“抓住”；catch at“试图抓住”；c
35、atch on作“理解”讲时，与to 连用。答案：C2(2012安徽蚌埠二中月考)I know you didnt break the vase _.Dont cry!Aby accident Bon your ownCon purpose Don the contrary解析：by accident“意外地”；on your own“独立地，独自地”；on purpose“故意地”；on the contrary“相反地”。句意：我知道你不是故意打碎花瓶的。别哭了！答案：C3(2012徐州质检)On the Dragon Boat Festival,people _ eating zongz
36、i to commemorate Qu Yuan.Atake the form of Btake a look atCtake advantage of Dtake after解析：句意：端午节人们以吃粽子的形式来纪念屈原。take a look at“看一眼，看一下”；take advantage of“利用”；take after“像”。take the form of“采取的形式”，符合句意。答案：A4(2012福州质检)The person with a good education finds it easier to _.Aget on Bgo upCgo ahead Dget a
37、head解析：句意：受过良好教育的人觉得更容易获得成功。get on“相处，进展”；go up“上升”；go ahead“可以，进行”。get ahead意为“获得成功”，符合句意。答案：D5In the event he performed so well that he _ among so many competitors.Astood for Bstood byCstood up Dstood out解析：句意：在比赛中他表现很好，所以在众多竞争者中脱颖而出。stand out“出色；突出”。根据句意选D。答案：D1Quality input ensures quality outpu
38、t,it is speakingwriting.不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。whether.or 引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是还是，不论还是”。另外，它还可引导名词性从句。He did so whether by accident or on purpose.他这样做不是碰巧就是故意。whetherorhe drivestakes the train,hell be here on time.不管是(自己)开车还是乘火车，他会准时来的。It is uncertain whether she will pass or fail.还不能确定她会通过还是不及格。I dont kn
39、ow whether he is foolish or clever.我不知道他到底是愚蠢还是聪明。The question ishe will stayleave.问题是他会留下还是离开。Whether orwhetheror2Thirdly,you say that there is a discountIpay in advance.第三，你们说我如果提前付费的话就可以打折优惠。此句中的provided that为连词，引导条件状语从句that可以省去。Provided that there is no opposition,we shall hold the meeting here.
40、如果没有人反对，我们就在这里开会。provided that Suppose flights are fully booked on that day which other day could we go?假定那天的航班都订满了我们还可以在哪天走呢？Ron lent me the moneyI pay it back next month.罗恩把钱借给我，条件是下月归还。you dont lose heart,you will succeed.只要你不灰心，你就会成功。on condition thatAs/so long as.翻译句子1如果天气好，我们的假日将过得非常好。.2不管你喜欢与
41、否，总有一天你必须面对他。.Provided(that)the weather is good,well have a nice holidayWhether you like it or not,you have to face him one day3中国自然资源丰富，而日本却较为贫乏。.4据报道发生在温州的动车事故造成了多人死亡。.China has rich natural resources while Japan has littleIt is reported that Wenzhou bullet train crash causedmany deaths.单项填空5Too h
42、igh house prices can be brought under control，_ the authorities introduce a series of regulatory policies.Aeven if Bas ifCso that Dprovided that解析：句意：如果政府采取一系列调控措施的话，高房价是可以得到控制的。provided that“假如，如果”；even if“即便，即使”；as if“好像”；so that“为了，以便”。答案：D6Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an obj
43、ect and _ it is rough or smooth.A不填BwhetherChow Dwhat解析：句意：大象有自己的方式来判断一个物体的形状，以及它是粗糙还是平滑的。whether.or.不论还是。答案：B7_I admit that the problems are difficult,I dont agree that they cant be solved.AUnless BBeforeCSince DWhile解析：句意：尽管我承认这些题目很难，但是我决不认为它们无法解决。此处while表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，此时主从句主语往往一致。A、B、C三项均不能用来引导让
44、步状语从句。答案：D名词性从句；非人称转述结构1_Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States led to the closer relationship between the two countries.AWhich BWhatCThat DAs解析：考查主语从句。句意：温家宝总理访问美国让两国之间的关系更加密切。“That Premier Wen Jiabao visited the United States”是主语从句，that 在从句中只起连词作用，不作句子成分，本身没有词义，但是不可省略。答案：C2_makes us proud is
45、 _ more than 30 students have been admitted to Tsinghua University.AWhat;because BThat;whatCThat;why DWhat;that解析：考查名词性从句。第一空what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语；第二空that引导表语从句，仅起连接词的作用，不作成分。答案：D3Last week a groundbreaking ceremony was held for _ will be the third highest building in the world in Wuhan,Hubei Province
46、.Athat BwhatCwhen Dwhere解析：考查宾语从句。介词for后面的_will be the third highest building in the world为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，因此空白处应填what。答案：B4The possibility _ the majority of the labour force will work at home is a trend.Awhich BthatCwhether Dwhy解析：考查名词性从句。句意：大多数劳动力将在家里上班，这是一种趋势。possibility后接的是同位语从句，解释说明possibility的内容，故
47、用that。答案：B5Our bad living habits will destroy the earth.Only by changing _ we live can we save the earth.Athat BwhatChow Dwhere解析：考查宾语从句。根据语意“只有改变我们的生活方式，才能拯救地球。”和分析句子结构可知，how引导宾语从句并在宾语从句中作方式状语，所以选C。答案：C6The Amazons dry season,from July to September,is _ some people cut and burn the rainforest.Ahow
48、BthatCwhere Dwhen解析：考查名词性从句。句意：亚马孙的旱季从七月延续到九月，正是一些人砍烧雨林的季节。由结构和语意可知此处表示的是时间概念，故选择D项，由when引导表语从句，并在从句中作时间状语。答案：D7The bank is reported in the local newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday.Abeing robbed Bhaving been robbedCto have been robbed Dto have robbed解析：该句为be reported to do sth.结构，其中不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用不定式的完成式。句意：据当地报纸报道，这家银行昨天在光天化日之下被抢了。答案：C8_ that a new project will be started in our town.AIt is believed BWe are believedCIt believes DWe had believed解析：It is believed that.为固定句型，意为“人们认为/相信”。答案：A