1、选修 Unit 3 单元主题语篇训练.完形填空The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to date as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to _1_ that we should learn science _2_ observing a
2、nd experimenting on the things around us, and he himself _3_ many important truths.Galileo (15641642), _4_， who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, who began to show how many important _5_ could be discovered by observation b
3、y degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies _6_ more rapidly towards the earth than small ones, _7_ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the _8_ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two _9_ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileos _10_ of going direct to natu
4、re, and proving our _11_ and theories by experiment, that has _12_ all the discoveries of modern science.What _13_ those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know clearly that _14_ scientists are those whose observations have _15_ better results.1A.commandBsuspectCsuggest Dconclud
5、e解析：选C根据空后的内容可知，这里应是Roger Bacon提出的建议。command“命令”；suspect“怀疑”；suggest“建议”；conclude“推断”。故C选项正确。2A.in BwithCon Dby解析：选D根据空后面的“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知，此处表示通过观察我们周围的事物并做实验。故D选项正确。3A.brought BdiscoveredChandled Dannounced解析：选B结合上文和空后的“many important truths”可知，他本人发现了很多重要的真理。故
6、B选项正确。bring“带来”；discover“发现”；handle“处理”；announce“宣布”。4A.however BthereforeCseldom Dnever解析：选A上文说Roger Bacon也许是中世纪第一个建议通过观察和实验的方式来学习科学，此处表示转折，然而，伽利略是几个伟大的人物中最伟大的一个。故A选项正确。5A.truths BproblemsCinvestigations Dsubjects解析：选A由空后的“could be discovered by observation”可知，很多真理可以通过观察而被发现。上文中的“many important tru
7、ths”也是提示。truth“事实；真理”；problem“问题”；investigation“调查”；subject“主题”。故A选项正确。6A.threw BfellCran Drolled解析：选B根据下文中的“let fall”可知，空处应选fell。故B选项正确。7A.although BbecauseCwhen Dif解析：选B根据“Aristotle said so”的意思可知，这里表示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。故B选项正确。8A.place BfootCtop Dceiling解析：选C结合空后的“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall t
8、wo _ stones”可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。故C选项正确。9A.big BsmallCsimilar Dunequal解析：选D根据上文和空后面的“stones and proved Aristotle was wrong”可知，此处表示使用了两块不同重量的石头，因此选unequal“不相等的”。故D选项正确。similar“相似的”；unequal“不均等的”。10A.spirit BskillCtheory Dwish解析：选A由空后面的“of going direct to nature”可知，此处表示科学精神(spirit)。故A选项正确。skill“技能”；theory
9、“理论”；wish“愿望”。11A.plans BopinionsCworld Dability解析：选B与空后面“and theories by experiment”中的theories呼应，此处表示通过实验证明我们的观点和理论。故B选项正确。12A.led to Bturned toCset up Dput forward解析：选A这里是说正是伽利略的这种精神使得现代科学能有所发现。故A选项正确。lead to“导致”；turn to“转向”；set up“建立”；put forward“提出”。13A.makes BpreventsCconsiders Dpromises解析：选A结合
10、下文中的“scientists are those .”可知，此处是说“什么使这些人成为好的科学家”。故A选项正确。make“使得”；prevent“阻止”；consider“考虑”；promise“许诺”。14A.reasonable BsuccessfulCexpert Dsensitive解析：选Breasonable“合理的”；successful“成功的”；expert“熟练的”；sensitive“敏感的”。结合上文中所举的例子我们可以清楚地知道，成功的(successful)科学家是那些善于观察、敢于实践和挑战权威的人。故B选项正确。15A.foreseen BrejectedC
11、produced Dchallenged解析：选C根据语境，此处指那些科学家们的观察产生了更好的结果。foresee“预见”；reject“拒绝”；produce“生产”；challenge“挑战”。故C选项正确。.阅读七选五(2021武汉质检)Whats the purpose of building patience abilities? In a word, happiness. Better relationships, more success. But indeed it takes efforts to build them successfully. 1 Thus, when
12、the big ones come, we will have developed the patience we need for hard times.Understand the addictive nature of anger and impatience. We, human beings, are still constructed with our old reptilian (爬行动物的) brain that protects our physical and emotional survival. On the emotional survival side, we wa
13、nt our way to get ahead, to achieve, and to “look good”. Lets just face it. 2 So the first step in growing patience is to get in touch with the addictive quality of the opposite of patience anger, impatience, blame and shame. We all have them. And we can grow beyond them.Upgrade our attitude towards
14、 discomfort and pain. Pain has its purposes and pushes us to find solutions we try to change the other person, situation or thing that we think is causing our discomfort. But the problem is that it is not the outside thing thats the source of our pain, but how our mind is set. 3 Pay attention when t
15、he impatience or pain starts. Most of us dont really realize it when we are feeling even the smallest but very present painful feelings. 4 But to really care for ourselves, get curious about whats actually happening in the moment inside you. Focusing on whats actually happening, you can notice the w
16、orry of not wanting whats happening, the resistance. 5 When you find yourself impatient, or angry with yourself, you can remind yourself that you are growing, and that, “Sure, this is understandable; this is what happens to me when Im bothered.” You can say to yourself, “Its true. I dont like this;
17、this is uncomfortable, but I can tolerate it.”APractice positive selftalk.BSo the solution to pain is an inside job.CPatience abilities benefit you in many ways.DLearn to forgive yourself for being impatient in hard times.EWe ignore the fact that were in pain and focus completely on fixing the probl
18、em.FThe urge to protect ourselves and what we consider valuable is absolutely habitforming.GEffective ways are recommended to train ourselves to work with little pain and annoyance.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养耐心的几个有效的方法。1选G根据空前一句以及空后一句可知，成功地培养耐心需要花费精力，因而推荐一些有效的方法用来训练我们应对痛苦及烦恼的能力，因此当更大的麻烦来临时，我们将已经有耐心应对困难的
19、时刻。故G项符合语境。2选F根据空后一句可推知，保护我们自己和我们认为有价值的东西的冲动绝对是由习惯养成的，因此要做的第一步就是了解负面情绪根深蒂固的本性。故F项符合语境。3选B根据空前一句可知，问题不是出现在引起痛苦的外在因素上面，而是出现在我们的思考方式上，因此解决痛苦是一种内在的活动。故B项符合语境。4选E根据空前一句及空后的“get curious about whats actually happening in the moment inside you”可知，我们经常忽略了这样一个事实，即我们处于痛苦之中，而我们的关注的焦点总是全部集中在解决问题上。5选A根据文章结构和空处所在位
20、置可知，空处为段落主题句；阅读本段可知，本段主要是说要积极地自我对话，故A项符合语境。tips 利用逻辑关系解阅读七选五在做阅读七选五时最重要的是要读懂空格前后的句子，根据意思的连贯性特别是逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。句间逻辑关系有显性的，即有逻辑信号词，如because, so, however等，逻辑关系也有隐性的，即前后句之间没有逻辑信号词。此时，一定要认真分析空白处前句或后句与某一备选项之间的句际关系，根据两句之间存在的某一种符合语境的逻辑关系来解题。常见的句际逻辑关系有因果关系、转折关系、并列关系、递进关系、条件关系、让步关系、对比关系和顺承关系等，而因果关系是考查的重点。例如上文的
21、第1和第2题可通过这种句间的因果关系解题。.语法填空(2021大连模拟)Chinese highspeed railways are a very 1 (comfort) way to travel. They are clean, quiet and efficient. China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first highspeed train 2 (come) into use in 2008.The stations are 3 (
22、main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened 4 (connect) the highspeed network. The facilities on the train are new and the staff are welltrained. Even the secondclass 5 (chair) provide plenty of space. The passages are so wide 6 you can move without disturbing anyone
23、. You can use your mobile phone, access 7 Internet or work on your laptop. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food 8 (be) limited. The toilets are large, clean and userfriendly too. The train almost doesnt rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.Whats more, wi
24、th a faster checkin, the highspeed trains are also 9 (little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are 10 delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国发达的交通工具高铁。1comfortable考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，所以用形容词comfortable修饰名
25、词way，在句中作定语。2came考查动词的时态。主句的时态为现在完成时，根据该句中的“since”和时间状语“in 2008”可知，从句用一般过去时。3mainly考查副词。修饰动词一般用副词，故用副词mainly修饰动词built，在句中作状语。4to connect考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to connect。5chairs考查名词复数。chair是可数名词，根据其后的谓语动词provide和语境可知，此处表示复数概念，故填chairs。6that考查连词。根据该句中的“so”，并结合语境可知，此处考查固定用法so . that .，意为“
26、如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，故填that。7the考查冠词。此处表示“访问网络”，Internet常和定冠词the连用。8are考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，本句是一个被动句，主语为the kinds of food，表示复数概念，故填are。9less考查副词的比较级。根据句中的“faster”和“than”可知，此处含有比较的意味，故填副词的比较级less，修饰动词affected，在句中作状语。10they考查代词。否定副词Seldom置于句首，引起部分倒装，系动词are位于主语之前，空处指代上文提到的“the highspeed trains”，是复数概念，故用they。tips 语法填空之考查连词和介词(1)当空格前后是两个并列成分，如两个主谓结构完整的词、短语、句子等，而且相并列的成分相互之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果关系等时，那么空格处一般是填并列连词或复合句中关联词。此时一般是考查定语从句中关系代词的用法，有时也考查名词性从句、状语从句的连接词或常见的并列连词。例如上文第6题。(2)若设空处后是名词、代词、动名词或what从句，且它们不作主语或动词宾语时，很可能就是填介词。若设空处前是动词且设空处后为名词、动名词，设空处也可能填介词构成动词短语。