1、Unit 4 单元主题语篇训练AA tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.More than 2,000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bears in the wild. The far north community lies in an area
2、 where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat (栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.Polar bears have always been a common sight on sea ice near K
3、aktovik, but villagers started noticing a change in the mid1990s. More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. US. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of
4、the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s. As more attention was given to the plight (困境) of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually before 2011, said Jennifer Reed, of the Arctic National Wil
5、dlife Refuge. “Today were talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors, many from around the world each year，” Reed said. Most tourists visit in the fall, when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore. Bruce Inglangasak, a local hunter who sometimes offers wild
6、lifeviewing tours, said hes been offering polar bear tours since 2004. Most of his clients (客户) are from China and Europe, as well as from the lower 48 US. states. Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels. The villagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they
7、provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业的发展，当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。1What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik?AFood shortage.BClimate change.CHabitats movement to shore
8、.DTheir preference for land.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，故越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物，故选B。2How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land?AExcited.BPuzzled.CConcerned. DShocked.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所存在的困境，随后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，之前人们普遍对
9、北极熊登陆比较关注。故选C项。3What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AHotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn.BKaktovik has about 50 visitors annually.CInglangasak makes a living as a tour guide.DTourism affects the balance of nature.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Most tourists visit in the fall” “Many tourists sta
10、y several days in the village, which has two small hotels.”可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。4Which saying can describe the text?AThe fittest can survive.BAfter a storm comes a calm.CThere is always opportunity in crisis.DEvery coin has two sides.解析：选D推
11、理判断题。通读文章可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却为一个小村庄带来了旅游业的发展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇，同时，村民又利用旅游业带来的收入为北极熊提供更多保护。因此D项“事物都有两面性”符合语境。BEarthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing. Their designers say with these robots, rescuers will be able to buy more time to save lives dur
12、ing an earthquake.This robot, looking like a helicopter, is called the detector (探测器) bot. At about 4 metres long, it took about 4 years to develop the model. Its main functions are to collect information from the air, and deliver goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake.This robot
13、 is equipped with a high 360degree panoramic (全景的) camera. It can work day and night and also be able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.Dr Qi Juntong, from Chinese Academy of Sciences, said, “The most important feature of this robot is that it doesnt need distant control. We just set t
14、he information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3,000 metres, and as fast as 100 kilometres per hour.”This robot has a different function it can change as the environment changes. Its main job is to search for any signs of life in places where human rescuers can
15、t go.The robot is equipped with a camera that can work in the dark, as well as a detector that not only finds people, but can also detect poisonous gas. Another use for the rescuers is the supply bot, with its 10metrelong pipe. People trapped in the ruins will be able to get supplies including oxyge
16、n and liquids.Experts have said that the robots will be produced, and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一款地震救援机器人。5We can learn from the passage that the earthquake rescue robot .Ais unable to deliver goodsBis designed to predict the earthquakeCcan
17、 send pictures even at nightDcan be used to clear away poisonous gas解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段可知，这款机器人会全天候24小时工作，也就是说，即使在夜晚它也可以发送照片。6According to Dr Qi Juntong, the earthquake rescue robot .Ahas a unique shapeBhas more functionsCis equipped with more advanced camerasDcan work by itself once given the informat
18、ion解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段可知，这款机器人不需要远程遥控，在设定信息后它可以自行工作。7The robot can find people in an earthquake with the help of .Aa remote controlBa detectorCa long pipe Da helicopter解析：选B细节理解题。根据第六段可知，这款机器人上的探测器可在地震灾区寻找人。8What is the passage mainly about?ASome information about earthquakes.BHow to build earthquake r
19、escue robots.CAn introduction to a kind of earthquake rescue robots.DDifferent earthquake rescue robots in the world.解析：选C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款地震救援机器人。C(2021昆明质检)Fiveyearold Prisilla Perez, a student at Meador Elementary School in Willis, was unhappy with her recent haircut, which resulted from a s
20、evere disease. When students in her class started calling Prisilla a boy, she felt ashamed, often crying and losing focus in school.Her teacher, Shannon Grimm, sympathized with her unhappiness. Grimm and Prisillas mom were concerned, but their ideas didnt work. “We had classroom discussions about ho
21、w girls have short hair and boys have long hair, and I showed them photos of movie stars with different looks，” Grimm said. “However, it wasnt sinking in.”Grimm thought about Prisilla throughout the winter break, and one morning, she had an idea: Cut off her hair a scary thought for Grimm, who wore
22、her hair long and took pride in it. “Ive never had short hair, and I stressed about it for two weeks before making a decision，” she said. On Jan. 4, Grimm invited a hairstylist friend to her home. “I told him to keep going, even if I cried，” she said.The class loved their teachers new do, especially
23、 Prisilla, who excitedly ran off the school bus that afternoon yelling, “Mom, Ms Grimm cut her hair！” The teacher also bought matching bows for herself and the girl, so they could style their hair together.In February, the teacher recommended Prisilla for the school districts Student of the Month Aw
24、ard, but during the Monday ceremony, she received a surprise “hero medal” from the girl. “Now we have matching awards，” says Grimm.Prisillas mother, Maria, said that Grimms thoughtfulness brought her to tears. “I was shocked. I was crying. I couldnt believe it she did something I wouldnt have the br
25、avery to do. I will never forget that.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，Grimm老师为了安慰她也剪短了自己的头发，这让Prisilla和她的母亲很感动。9Why was Prisilla unhappy at school?AShe wasnt satisfied with her teacher.BShe couldnt concentrate in class.CShe was laughed at by her classmates.DShe couldnt get on well with ot
26、hers.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“When students in her class started calling Prisilla a boy, she felt ashamed, often crying and losing focus in school.”可知，Prisilla在学校不开心是因为她被同学嘲笑。10What made Grimm have her own hair cut?APraise from her students.BDevotion to her students.CRequest of Prisillas mother.DSuggesti
27、on from the hairstylist.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Grimm thought about Prisilla . she had an idea: Cut off her hair”可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，为了安慰Prisilla, Grimm老师决定把自己的头发剪短。由此可推知，Grimm老师出于对学生的关爱剪短了头发。11What can we know about Grimm?AShe had her hair cut together with Prisilla.BShe expressed her sincere t
28、hanks to her pupils.CShe hesitated a lot before having her hair cut.DShe won a gold medal for facing difficulties bravely.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“Ive never had short hair, and I stressed about it for two weeks before making a decision”可知，Grimm老师剪短头发之前很犹豫。12What is the text mainly about?AHow Grimm help
29、ed her student out.BWhat problem Prisilla had at school.CWhy Prisilla won the Month Award.DWhen Grimm got her new hairstyle.解析：选A主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，她在学校很不开心，Grimm老师为了帮助、安慰她剪短了自己的头发，故A项正确。tips “两关注”“一防范”破解间接信息题间接细节理解题相对于直接细节理解题要难些，因为此类题目的正确选项都经过了命题人对原文信息的语义转换，两者存在表达上的差异。间接细节理解题解题时要仔细阅读
30、题干，通过题干和选项中的关键词及其所提供的信息从原文中找到相应的信息(即定位)，然后把选项中的信息与原文中的信息进行比较和分析，准确理解，作出选择。在做间接细节理解题时，要做到“两关注”“一防范”。“两关注”是指关注正确选项的两个特征：一是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言(词汇和句型结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思；二是对文章信息的归纳和概括。“一防范”是指防范干扰选项的迷惑性，错误选项常使用诸如张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、断章取义、颠倒是非、正误参半等方式来造成句意的改变。例如上文第9题中选项C中的was laughed at，是对文章信息When students in her class started calling Prisilla a boy的同义替换，同时要防范错选曲解文意的D项。6