1、Unit 4Global Warming（非谓语动词）例1、The discovery of new evidence led to _.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught答案为C。【解析】 lead to这个词组中to是介词，后面跟名词，于是B被排除，the thief是动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构，与catch之间应是被动关系，故排除A。常见的带介词to的短语有：(get) be used to, look forwar
2、d to，look up to, stick to, object to, be devoted to, pay attention to等。例2、Though _money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in答案为C。【解析】 lack是及物动词，后接宾语money。his parents与lack是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词作状语。译文：虽然缺钱，他的父母亲还是设法让他上了大学。 例4、_ to sunlight for too mu
3、ch time will do harm to ones skin.A. Exposed B. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposed答案为C。【解析】 在非谓语动词中，用动名词或不定式来作主语，而分词和介词短语不能作主语，因此A、D被排除。在这个句子中，will do是谓语，缺少主语，要用动名词作主语。expose与ones skin是动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动式being exposed。译文：在阳光下晒太长时间对人的皮肤有坏处。例5、_ into use in April 2000, the hotline was m
4、eant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.A. Put B. Putting C. Having putD. Being put答案：A 【解析】 put sth. into use “让投入使用”。显然，put 和句子主语the hotline 构成被动关系，所以用表示被动的过去分词。例6、It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars.A.
5、 had B. having C. to have D. have答案：C【解析】 动词不定式充当目的状语。例7、With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled 答案为C 【解析】动词不定式to settle作为difficult problems的定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settle作定语表示已经解决的难题，现在分词的被动式being settled
6、作定语表示正在解决的难题。例8、More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A. taking B. takenC. having takenD. having been taken答案：A【解析】 take advantage of （利用）和句子主语More and more people 构成主动关系，且和句子谓语sign up for (报名参加)同时发生，所以选择A。例9、Sandy could do n
7、othing but _ to his teacher that he was wrong.A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit答案为A。【解析】 该句中的but是介词，后接动词不定式。当谓语动词是do，does或did时，后接不带to的不定式；是其他动词时，后接带to的不定式。该句的谓语是could do nothing，要填动词原形admit。译文：山德不得不向老师承认自己错了。例10、He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further information.A. hoped B. hoping C. to
8、hope D. hope答案为B。【解析】 现在分词hoping表示与send me an e-mail同时发生的动作。一些考生认为应该填不定式作目的状语。不定式作目的状语时，句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail to get further information.不需要hope一词，如果要选择“hoped”时，句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail and hoped to get further information。“hope”和“sent”作并列谓语。1. _ of danger in the street at night, she ha
9、d to go home, with a friend _ her.A. Warning, followingB. Having warned, followingC. Having been warned, following D. Warned, followed2. Michael never dreamt of _ for him to be sent abroad very soon.A. being a chance B. theres a chance C. there to be a chance D. there being a chance3. Farmland _ qui
10、ckly, so they are considering _ a programme to solve the problem.A. is getting lost, starting B. is lost, to start C. is losing, starting D. loses, to start 4. Which do you enjoy _ your holiday, going abroad or staying at home?A. spending B. to spend C. being spent D. spend5. This problem is far fro
11、m _, so it has to be discussed again at tomorrows meeting.A. settledB. settlingC. being settledD. being settling6. What is the way George thought of _ enough money to buy the house?A. to getB. gettingC. having gotD. being got7. Henry doesnt seem like the same person. _ so much in the war has made hi
12、m more thoughtful.A. For him to seeB. His seeingC. Having seenD. To be seeing8 . I really appreciate _ to holiday with you on this nice island . Its my pleasure .A. have time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time 9 .They really have a great time too , designing everything , drawing the bl
13、ue prints , _the angles and so on . A. looking out B. taking out C. finding out D. figuring out 10. David apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not ableB. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to he not able11. At the seventh International Ballet Competitions ,
14、 Fernando Bujones won the first gold medal ever _ to an American male dancer .A. awarded B. to be award C. being awarded D. should be awarding 12.The student, if well _ , will pass the examination without much difficulty.A. preparingB. preparedC. to prepareD. ready13. _ a little money , Jane was abl
15、e to buy her mother a lovely new watch .A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved 14.We saw new houses _ wherever we went on our visit.A. builtB. being builtC. buildingD. to build15.That gas pipeline project,_in July 2007 and_ in 2009, will be Chinas longest gas pipeline in history.A. starting;
16、completing B. started; to be completedC. to start; completedD. starting; completed16. Tom does speak Chinese well, but his reading and writing skills leave much _.A. to improveB. to be improvedC. improvingD. improved17. To get an education, _.A. working hard is very importantB. working hard is neede
17、dC. one must work hardD. it is needed to work hard18.Where is our English teacher? She is in the classroom, _ the exercises _ the students have done at home.A. explaining; /B. explaining; for C. explained; toD. explained; from19. Comparison may make something appear more beautiful than it is when _
18、alone.A. to seeB. seeingC. is seenD. seen20.What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night ? I lost my way in complete darkness and,_ things worse , it began to pour .A. making B. to make C. having made D. made 21. It rained nonstop for ten days , completely our holiday.A. to ruin B.
19、ruined C. having ruined D. ruining 22. _ as the “First Lady of Speech”, Dr Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the worlds leading experts on communication skills.A. KnowingB. Having knownC. KnownD. To be known23.At the computer operation test, one is supposed to stay at his own machine, keep his e
20、yes on his screen, _ to anyone.A. and not to speakB. but could not speakC. instead of speakingD. or rather speak24. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _ in broad daylight yesterday.A. being robbedB. to have been robbedC. robbedD. having been robbed25. He sat back on the chair, took a book a
21、nd began to read, _.A. being looked at ease B. looked rather at easeC. to look rather at ease D. looking rather at ease26. With online course Crazy English has over 20 million students all over China _ the class through the Internet .A. attend B. attended C. attending D. to be attending 27. In order
22、 not to be disturbed ,I spent three days _ in my study.A. lockingB. lockedC. to lockD. lock28. As we all know, it was _ that resulted in the terrible car accident.A. because of her carelessnessB. her being carelessC. because she was carelessD. she was so careless29. With a lot of difficult problems
23、_, the manager felt worried all the time.A. settled B. to be settledC. settlingD. to settle30. _ at a college or university in the USA, Chinese and other international students must demonstrate a strong ability in spoken and written English.A. Having been accepted B. To be accepted C. Being accepted
24、 D. Accepted1. Cwarn这一动作发生在主句动作had to go之前，应用-ing的完成形式，且与主句的主语存在着被动关系；a friend与follow之间是主动关系。故选C。2. Dof为介词，后应用-ing形式，且此处是there be结构。故选D。3. A由题意知，农田逐步消失，故应用is getting lost，表示渐进的过程；consider作考虑讲时，后应接动词的-ing形式或带有疑问词的不定式结构。故选A。4. B此题极易受enjoy后接动词-ing形式的干扰，从而错选A或C。其实，enjoy的宾语是which，即在going abroad与staying a
25、t home作出选择；to spend your holiday是作目的状语的。故选B。5. C介词from后应用动词的-ing形式，且settle与problem之间存在着被动关系，故选C。6. A此题可采用减元法。 George thought of 是way 的定语从句，可以去掉，则该句变为What is the way_ enough money to buy the house？way的定语可用to do或of doing。故选A。7. B很明显答语在结构上缺少主语。To do 与-ing都可充当主语，但 to do充当主语多表示某一具体的动作，且多表将来。故选B。8. Bappre
26、ciate enjoy finish avoid动词后应用动词的-ing形式充当宾语。故选B。9. Dfigure out 与design，draw是并列的，作状语，结构形式上也应一样。故选D。10. C介词for后应用动词的-ing形式，排除B、D；所有非谓语动词的否定词not都应加在非谓语动词之前，即not to do ,not doing, not having done, not done,故选C。11. A本题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。award与修饰的名词medal存在着被动关系，且发生在主句动作won之前，故选A。12. B本题考查过去分词充当条件状语的用法。此题可采用增元法，
27、把if从句补全为if he is well_ ,显然，B为正确答案。13. D本题考查现在分词充当原因状语的用法。save这一动作发生在主句动作之前，且动作发出者为主句的主语Jane。故选D。14. B本题考查非谓语动词充当宾语补足语的用法。过去分词表示被动和完成，-ing形式表示正在进行；在see 、watch、 make、 hear等词后的宾语补足语应用不带to的不定式，表示动作的全过程。本句句意为不管我们到哪儿参观，都看到新房子正在建设，且build与houses存在被动关系；故选B。15. B本题考查非谓语动词充当定语的用法。start发生在过去，complete将发生在将来，且都与p
28、roject存在着被动关系。故选B。16. Bimprove与much之间存在被动关系，且还未发生；若用improved，则表示已完成。故选B。17. C非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语要和主句的主语保持一致。to get的逻辑主语应为one(人)。故选C。18. Aexplain的逻辑主语是she，用explaining表伴随状语，the students have done at home为定语从句，省略了关系代词that/which。故选A。19. D本题可采用增元法。When it is_alone(当单独看它时)。显然，D为最佳选项。20. Bto make things worse/w
29、orse still/whats worse更糟糕的是，是一固定短语，多充当插入成份。故选B。21. D本题的语言环境为雨连续下了10天，把我们的假期完全破坏了。动词的-ing形式在此作结果状语。故选D。22. Cknow 与Dr Lillian Glass存在被动关系，应用过去分词。故选C。23. Anot speak与to stay at his own machine，keep his eyes on his screen是并列关系，形式应一致。故选A。24. B动词不定式完成时的用法有二一是表示过去完成的动作，二是表示与过去事实相反的动作。本题考查Sb is reported/said
30、 to do结构中完成时的用法。故选B。25. D本题考查-ing形式作伴随状语的用法。and放在began前表示sat、took与began是并列的，look发出的动作作伴随。故选D。26. C本题考查have sb do/doing；have sth done的用法区别。have sb do 让某人做某事，have sb doing，让某人处于某种状态，have sth done让别人做某事。故选C。27. B本题应跳出思维定势的干扰，不是考查spend some time doing的用法。此句的语义环境为为了不被打扰，我把自己关在书房里呆了三天。lock in my study 作伴随
31、状语。故选B。28. B本题可采用减元法，把强调句型中的It wasthat去掉，就不难看出该句缺少主语。Herbeing careless是-ing形式复合结构，在句中充当主语。故选B。29. B本题考察with+宾语复合结构的用法。用动词不定式to be settled作宾语补足语,表示动作还未发生。经理之所以这么焦急是因为有很多困难要处理。30. B要想被美国的大学接受，外国留学生要有较好的口语和书面语的能力。动词不定式to be accepted在句中作目的状语。1. The little girl had no choice but _ at home.The little girl
32、 could do nothing but _ at home.A. to stayB. to stayingC. stayedD. stay2. There _ no buses, we had to walk home.There _ no buses, so we had to walk home.A. isB. wereC. areD. being3. He needs _ on.The doctor needs _ on him A. to operateB. being operatedC. operateD. to be operated4. The question_ at t
33、he meeting yesterday is very important. The question_now at the meeting is very important. The question_ tomorrow is very important.A. discussingB. discussedC. being discussed D. to be discussed5. Our teacher tried to speak louder in order to made us _ him.Our teacher tried to speak louder in order
34、to made herself _.A. to hearB. hearingC. heardD. hear6. Time _, he shall go outing.If time _, he shall go outing. A. permittedB. permitsC. permittingD. would permit7. I cant help _ the work for her because shes too young to do it. I cant help but _ the work for her because shes too young to do it. A. do B. didC. doingD. to doing